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    Acore 2

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    littlemrs.cheeky
    The document provides revision notes on algebra and functions, including rules for indices, simplifying expressions involving surds, rationalizing denominators, solving quadratic equations by factorizing and completing the square, and sketching quadratic graphs indicating the vertex and line of symmetry.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Acore 2

    Uploaded by

    littlemrs.cheeky
    5 views1 page
    The document provides revision notes on algebra and functions, including rules for indices, simplifying expressions involving surds, rationalizing denominators, solving quadratic equations by factorizing and completing the square, and sketching quadratic graphs indicating the vertex and line of symmetry.

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    acore 2

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    The document provides revision notes on algebra and functions, including rules for indices, simplifying expressions involving surds, rationalizing denominators, solving quadratic equations by factorizing and completing the square, and sketching quadratic graphs indicating the vertex and line of symmetry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views1 page

    Acore 2

    Uploaded by

    littlemrs.cheeky
    The document provides revision notes on algebra and functions, including rules for indices, simplifying expressions involving surds, rationalizing denominators, solving quadratic equations by factorizing and completing the square, and sketching quadratic graphs indicating the vertex and line of symmetry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    A LEVEL PURE MATHS REVISON NOTES

    1 ALGEBRA AND FUNCTIONS


    a) INDICES
    Rules to learn :
    𝑛 𝑛
    1 𝑚 𝑚
    𝑥 𝑎 × 𝑥 𝑏 = 𝑥 𝑎+𝑏 𝑥 𝑎 ÷ 𝑥 𝑏 = 𝑥 𝑎−𝑏 (𝑥 𝑎 )𝑏 = 𝑥 𝑎𝑏 𝑥 −𝑎 = 𝑥 𝑚 = √𝑥 𝑛 = ( √𝑥 )
    𝑥𝑎

    3 1
    Simplify 2𝑥(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 + 3(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 Solve 32𝑥 × 25𝑥 = 15
    1
    = (𝑥 − 𝑦) (2𝑥(𝑥 − 𝑦) + 3))
    2 (3 × 5)2𝑥 = 151
    1
    = (𝑥 − 𝑦) (2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 3)
    2 2𝑥 = 1
    1
    𝑥=
    2
    b) SURDS
    • A root such as √3 that cannot be written as a fraction is IRRATIONAL
    • An expression that involves irrational roots is in SURD FORM
    • RATIONALISING THE DENOMINATOR is removing the surd from the denominator (multiply by the conjugate)

    2
    Simplify Rationalise the denominator 2−√3
    The conjugate of the denominator
    2 2+√3 2 - √3 is 2 + √3 so that
    √75 − √12 = ×2+
    2−√3 √3 (2 - √3)( 2 + √3)
    = √5 × 5 × 3 − √2 × 2 × 3 = 22 - √32
    = 5√3 − 2√3 = 4 + 2√3 =1
    = 3√3

    c) QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND GRAPHS


    Factorising – identifying the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0
    • Look for the difference of 2 squares x2 – a2 = (x + a)(x – a) or (ax)2 - b2 = (ax + b)( ax – b)
    • Look for the perfect square x2 + 2ax + a2 = (x + a)2
    • Look out for equations which can be transformed into quadratic equations

    12
    Solve 𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 = 0 Solve 6𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 2 + 2 = 0
    𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12 = 0 Let z = x2 6𝑧 2 − 7𝑧 + 2 = 0
    (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 3) = 0 (2𝑧 − 1)(3𝑧 − 2) = 0
    1 1 2 2
    x = -4 x = 3 𝑧= 2
    𝑥 = ±√2 𝑧= 3
    𝑥 = ±√3

    Completing the square – identifying the vertex and line of symmetry


    y = (x + a)2 + b vertex at (-a , b) line of symmetry as equation x = -a

    Line of symmetry
    x=2

    www.mathsbox.org.uk

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