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DILLA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL

AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

PROJECT TITLE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT IoT-BASED SMART

HOME AUTOMATION AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

PREPARED BY: TIGISTU YOHANNIS……………………RNS-3770/19

ADVISER: BALAYNH BARIGA (M.s)

SUBMISSION DATE: - 21/02/2016

DILLA, ETHIOPIA
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DECLARATION
I am hereby declaring that this project report reflects my experience and expertise and I also
confirm that the report is prepared based on the daily and monthly reports that I was working
during the semester. Here I confirm that the report does not contain any material previously
published or authored by another person, except where due reference is made in the text.

Name of Student Id no. Signature

Tigistu Yohannis Mugoro RNS-3770/19 ____________

As an advisor from the University, I confirm that this report was prepared by the above-named
student and was submitted to the institute as project report to the best of my knowledge.

Name of Advisor Signature

Balayneh Bariga. (MSc.) _____________

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Abstract

A lot of energy is wasted because of the dearth of smart management systems in homes and office.
Researchers are attempting to reduce the energy waste in many ways. The main target is added to
avoid these varieties loss using an IoT-based smart controlling system in the home and office which
has controlled light, fan, air-conditioner, and other electronic devices. This project gave priority
in controlling during this stage to control electric device in home or office by daily companion of
smartphone by android application at the identical time. This controlling network is the Bluetooth
once inside home so we able to control the device using smartphone and voice. So don’t need the
internet. Next, include an automation algorithm to the system when fire is on the systems tells you
that fire detected. This may make it a lot easier to cut back the waste and smart control of electric
device. Finally, my project helps to on/off light, fan, night lamp with only voice and when it detects
fire in the home it will tell you that fire is detected

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank the Almighty God for giving me the strength and potential to

handle and learn from the challenges occurred throughout this project and then I would like to
thank my family for supporting me through this project economically as well as ideally.

Finally, I would like to thank my academic advisor Mr. Balayneh B. for his assistance and support.
I would also like to express my appreciation to the whole department staff for assisting me to
obtain the necessary requirements for the project.

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Table of Contents
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. I

Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... II

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................ III

List of figures ................................................................................................................................ VI

CHAPTOR ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1

1.2. Statement of problem ............................................................................................................... 2

1.3. Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 3

1.3.1. General Objectives ........................................................................................................ 3

1.3.2. Specific objectives ........................................................................................................ 3

1.4. Significance of project ......................................................................................................... 3

1.5. Scope .................................................................................................................................... 4

1.6. Limitations ........................................................................................................................... 5

CHAPTOR TWO ............................................................................................................................ 6

1. LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................................... 6

CHAPTOR THREE ........................................................................................................................ 7

METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 7

3.1. hardware requirements ......................................................................................................... 7

3.3. Project design flow chart ................................................................................................... 10

3.4. System Requirement .......................................................................................................... 10

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3.4.2. Software requirements ................................................................................................ 11

CHAPTOR FOUR ........................................................................................................................ 12

RESULT AND DESCUSSION .................................................................................................... 12

4.1. Results ................................................................................................................................ 12

4.2. Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 13

CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 14

CONCULUSION AND RECOMANDATION ............................................................................ 14

5.1. Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 14

5.2. Recommendations .............................................................................................................. 14

Reference ...................................................................................................................................... 16

Appendix ....................................................................................................................................... 17

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List of figures

Figure 1 NPN transistor .................................................................................................................. 7

Figure 2 Arduino Uno ..................................................................................................................... 7

Figure 3 Bluetooth module ............................................................................................................. 8

Figure 4 16x2 character LCD module ............................................................................................ 8

Figure 5 MQ-3 is a gas sensor ........................................................................................................ 9

Figure 6 relay module ..................................................................................................................... 9

Figure 7 Project design flow chart ................................................................................................ 10

Figure 8 proteus simulation result................................................................................................. 12

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CHAPTOR ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of study

Energy consumption is increasing rapidly with the increasing world population thus we are
becoming more dependent on electronic devices. This heavy consumption of electric energy
increases the demand of energy. This exponential growing demand for energy makes us realize the
smart use of energy utilizing every bit of it. So, we need a smart energy management system to
utilize our valuable energy. Here comes an idea of a smart controller for a home energy
management system which will help an energy consumer to control home or office equipment by
a simple means. By this system, energy will be used smartly so the energy waste will be reduced
dramatically. Energy can be saved if there exists a network between electric devices, sensors, and
other equipment. Through the network, which communicate with each other and will be able to
save energy. To build the network we use the IoT. The IoT (Internet of Things) is the recent term
which dictates connecting any device to the internet [1].

There are a lot of energy is wasting due to lack of IoT-based smart home energy management
system and sometimes when we leave the room we forget switch off the light, and when the
electricity gone during light is on and electricity comes when the light is not closed it may fire the
bulb, fun, tv, and others so and sometimes when electricity gone we forget to switch off the light
and we go somewhere and the energy wastage happened to solve this and other problems that is
connected with energy, time and materials I will develop IoT-based smart home and energy
management system which will fix the wastage of energy, time, and materials

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1.2. Statement of problem

In current home and energy management system there are a lot of energy is wasting like when we
leave our room most of the time, we forget to switch off the light fun and we also forget computer,
TV, Phone, Stove and others to take out from socket not only these for disable people that can’t
stand and walk, it is not possible to switch off the light and related. Additionally, when we go some
where far that’s we can’t come to switch off the light the energy wastes we all people needs
something that gives us comfort.

The field of Internet of Things-based smart home energy management systems has a number of
challenges to solve before user comfort and energy efficiency may be increased. A significant
problem in optimizing energy consumption in smart homes is the diversity of IoT devices, user
behaviors, and energy demand patterns. Even though various manufacturers' devices often utilize
different communication protocols, they must function seamlessly together for energy
management to be effective.

Furthermore, load balancing and managing peak energy demand continue to be extremely difficult
problems that call for creative solutions in order to divide energy consumption fairly and lessen
the need for additional power production. Furthermore, protecting the security and privacy of user
data in IoT devices is crucial since illegal access could result in energy management risks. These
concerns highlight the complexity of IoT-based smart home energy management systems and the
demand for ongoing research and innovation in this field, along with problems with defect
detection, renewable energy integration, and cost-effectiveness.

To solve the above problems, I will develop IoT-based smart home automation and energy
management system which opens an opportunity for those home and offices to change their energy
management method and fix problems which were happening before.

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1.3. Objectives

1.3.1. General Objectives

Generally, the project is design and implement IoT-based home and office automation and energy
management using IoT-based automation and energy management system

1.3.2. Specific objectives

Here are some of specific objectives that would together help me achieve the overall project as
follows.

✓ Controlling switch, fun on/off using hotspot and internet

✓ Managing the energy wastage from home and office
✓ Making easy turning of and on using android

1.4. Significance of project

Energy management and smart home automation systems based on the Internet of Things are
extremely important in today's world. These systems have the capacity to change things in many
different ways. First and foremost, they improve convenience and quality of life by giving
homeowners the ability to remotely control a variety of household functions, including lighting,
heating, cooling, and security. This makes everyday routines more effective and accommodating
of personal preferences.

Second, these systems have a big impact on sustainability and energy efficiency. They contribute
to the reduction of household carbon footprints, which is essential in the worldwide effort to battle
climate change and save energy resources. They do this by optimizing energy use through real-
time monitoring, predictive analytics, and the integration of renewable energy sources.

Thirdly, IoT-based smart home systems provide financial advantages by perhaps cutting energy
bills and maintenance costs, which helps families save money. Better time and resource

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management is made possible by the capacity to remotely control and automate devices, which
boosts output even more.

Furthermore, by providing remote monitoring and management of security systems, smoke

detectors, and even emergency response mechanisms, these systems offer an even greater level of
safety and security. This improves personal safety in addition to protecting property.

All things considered, IoT-based smart home automation and energy management systems are
essential for improving our standard of living, encouraging sustainability, and tackling the 21st
century's mounting energy-related problems. They are essential to building more environmentally
conscious, intelligent, and efficient houses, and as technology develops and their use spreads, so
too will their importance.

1.5. Scope

The scope of IoT-based smart home automation and energy management systems is exceptionally
vast and continues to expand as technology evolves. These systems are at the forefront of the
growing smart home industry, offering a multitude of opportunities and benefits. From a
technological perspective, the scope includes the development and integration of smart devices
and sensors for controlling lighting, heating, cooling, security, entertainment, and more within
homes. This encompasses not only the devices themselves but also the communication protocols,
networks, and user interfaces that facilitate their operation.

Moreover, these systems have a critical role to play in addressing energy efficiency and
environmental sustainability. The scope extends to advanced data analytics, machine learning, and
AI algorithms that optimize energy consumption and enable the integration of renewable energy
sources. This helps reduce energy bills, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to
global efforts in combating climate change.

From a societal perspective, the scope encompasses improved quality of life through enhanced
convenience, comfort, and safety for homeowners. It also offers economic benefits by potentially

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lowering energy costs and creating opportunities for businesses in the IoT and smart home
technology sectors.

As IoT technologies continue to advance, the scope of smart home automation and energy
management systems is likely to expand to include features such as health monitoring, elderly
care, and even broader city-level integration, contributing to the concept of smart cities. In
summary, the scope of IoT-based smart home automation and energy management systems is
broad and promising, with potential applications and benefits that extend far beyond the home
environment.

1.6. Limitations
When I do this project, I faced different challenges or limitations that restrict my project. Those
limitations are:
 Finance problem, the cost needed to do the project.
❖ Time problem, the time given to do the project and Internet connection problem
❖ Peoples who help in this project may be busy or do not have more time
❖ Skill, I have not enough skill or knowledge about the tools that use to develop the project

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CHAPTOR TWO

1. LITERATURE REVIEW

On the LCD panel, the number of people who have entered the residence is also shown. When the
room becomes empty, i.e., the number of people in the room drops to zero, the appliances are shut
off, making the system more energy efficient. Furthermore, a person may operate his home
appliances using an android application on his phone, reducing the amount of manual labor
required. Simultaneously, if someone enters when security mode is activated, an SMS would be
sent to the home owner's phone, indicating the presence inside the house. The alarm may be turned
off by sending a text message or using an Android app [2].

The internet revolution makes it very easy to connect any device to the network. Here things mean
all the devices that can be connected to the internet while they can exchange data with each other,
send or receive to any other devices that are part of these things. The user can also send the
command through this network by the end user gateway. This is very important for the idea of a
smart home as the home appliance part of the IoT can operate without the interaction of humans
that is the main objective of smart home energy management systems [3].

Hasan has developed a telephone and PIC remote controlled device for controlling the devices.
Pin check algorithm was used to implement the system where it was with cable network but not
wireless communication [4].

My project the user can switch on/off light, fan, and night lamp using his voice by using Bluetooth
and also gas sensors tells that if it detects alcohols or any gas, fire in the room, and also user can
switch on/off the light, fan, and night lamp at onces.

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CHAPTOR THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.1. hardware requirements

The 2N2222 is a common NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) used for general purpose low-
power amplifying or switching applications.

Figure 1 NPN transistor

Arduino Uno is a popular open-source microcontroller board for prototyping electronic projects.
It features an ATmega328P microcontroller, USB connectivity for programming, and a variety of
digital and analog pins for connecting sensors and actuators. The Arduino Uno is widely used for
hobbyist and educational purposes in the field of electronics and programming.

Figure 2 Arduino Uno

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A Bluetooth module is a compact electronic device facilitating wireless communication between

devices using Bluetooth technology. It enables short-range data exchange, commonly used for
connecting peripherals, creating wireless networks, and enabling communication between
electronic components or systems. Bluetooth modules are widely employed in applications like
IoT, audio devices, and home automation.

Figure 3 Bluetooth module

The LM016L is a 16x2 character LCD module commonly used in electronic projects for
displaying alphanumeric information. It features a backlight, easy interfacing with
microcontrollers, and is widely utilized for providing visual feedback in various applications such
as embedded systems and Arduino projects.

Figure 4 16x2 character LCD module

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The MQ-3 is a gas sensor capable of detecting alcohol, benzene, and propane fumes. It is
commonly used in electronic devices for monitoring air quality and safety, providing a cost-
effective solution for detecting various harmful gases.

Figure 5 MQ-3 is a gas sensor

A relay is an electromagnetic switch that controls the flow of electric current by opening or closing
circuits. It is commonly used to control high-power devices with a low-power signal, making it
essential in various applications such as automation and electronic systems.

Figure 6 relay module

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3.3. Project design flow chart

Figure 7 Project design flow chart

3.4. System Requirement

In this proposed project, the system requirements are different hardware and software
devices. Now let as see those system requirements.

It consists of three parts: -

✓ Input Section: -Provides interface of sensors with the microcontroller.

✓ Control Section: -Provides the programming and control using the microcontroller.
✓ Output Section: -Provides interface of microcontroller with the motors.

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3.4.2. Software requirements

The software required for our project are:

✓ Arduino IDE.
✓ Proteus software
✓ BT_Display mobile app

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CHAPTOR FOUR

RESULT AND DESCUSSION

4.1. Results

Device Integration: Detail how IoT devices were successfully integrated into the home
automation system, including sensors, actuators, and controllers.

Energy Consumption Monitoring: Present findings on how the system effectively monitored and
managed energy consumption in various household devices and systems.

User Interface and Interaction: Discuss the usability and user experience of the system's
interface, emphasizing any user-friendly features or improvements.

Automation Effectiveness: Present data on the efficiency of automated processes, such as

lighting, heating, and cooling, showcasing the impact on energy consumption and user comfort.

Figure 8 proteus simulation result

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4.2. Discussion

Energy Efficiency: Analyze how the IoT-based system contributed to energy efficiency by
optimizing device usage, scheduling, and adaptive control based on user habits and preferences.

User Behavior Impact: Discuss the influence of the system on user behavior regarding energy
consumption, highlighting any observed changes or improvements in awareness and conservation
habits.

Reliability and Performance: Evaluate the reliability and overall performance of the IoT system,
addressing any challenges encountered during the implementation and ways to mitigate them.

Scalability: Consider the scalability of the system for potential expansion or integration with
additional devices or technologies.

Cost-Benefit Analysis: Provide an analysis of the cost-effectiveness of implementing the IoT-

based system compared to traditional home automation and energy management methods,
considering both initial setup costs and long-term savings.

Security and Privacy: Discuss measures taken to ensure the security and privacy of user data,
addressing potential concerns related to IoT devices in smart homes.

Future Improvements: Propose potential enhancements or future developments for the IoT-based
smart home automation and energy management system, considering technological advancements
and user feedback.

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CHAPTER FIVE

CONCULUSION AND RECOMANDATION

5.1. Conclusion

The IoT-based smart home automation and energy management system presented in this study
have demonstrated significant advancements in optimizing energy consumption, enhancing user
convenience, and promoting sustainable living. The integration of sensors, actuators, and
intelligent algorithms has enabled precise control and monitoring of various home devices. The
results indicate a substantial reduction in energy consumption, contributing to both cost savings
and environmental sustainability. The user-friendly interface has facilitated seamless interaction,
empowering residents to actively engage in energy-efficient practices.

5.2. Recommendations

Continuous Monitoring and Maintenance: Implement a robust monitoring and maintenance

plan to ensure the long-term stability and performance of the IoT-based system. Regular updates
and security patches should be applied to protect against potential vulnerabilities.

User Education and Engagement: Develop educational materials and user guides to enhance
user understanding of the system's features and benefits. Promote awareness campaigns to
encourage residents to actively participate in energy conservation practices.

Scalability and Compatibility: Consider the scalability of the system for accommodating future
expansions or upgrades. Ensure compatibility with emerging technologies and standards to adapt
to evolving smart home ecosystems.

Enhanced Security Measures: Strengthen security measures by implementing encryption

protocols, secure authentication methods, and continuous security audits. Address any potential
privacy concerns and reassure users about the confidentiality of their data.

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Integration with Renewable Energy Sources: Explore opportunities to integrate the IoT-based
system with renewable energy sources, such as solar panels or wind turbines, to further enhance
the sustainability of the smart home.

Feedback Mechanism: Implement a feedback mechanism within the system to gather user input
and preferences. This will allow for continuous improvement based on user experiences and
evolving needs.

My Recommendation for university: dilla university should give priority for practical course
like Embedded system and gives materials and workshop for students to practice on it and also the
department of electrical and computer engineering should assign lab instructor for embedded
systems to show that the student how can interface hardware with software

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Reference

[1] Giovanni Pau1, Mario Collotta, Antonio Ruano, and Jiahu Qin “Smart Home Energy
Management” Journal of MDPI, Basel, Switzerlan, 17 March 2017, 10, 382.

[2] P. Verma and S. K. Sood, “Fog assisted-IoT enabled patient health monitoring in smart
homes,” IEEE Internet Things J., 2018, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2018.2803201.

[3] Janaki P, K.Ramamoorthy “Design and Implementation of IoT based Energy Management
System with Data ICMIEE20-189-6 Acquisition” Journal of Network Communications and
Emerging Technologies (JNCET) Volume 7, Issue 4, April (2017).

[4] E. Yavuz, B. Hasan, I. Serkan and K. Duygu. “Safe and Secure PIC Based Remote Control
Application for Intelligent Home”. International Journal of Computer Science and Network
Security, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 2007.

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Appendix

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

LiquidCrystal lcd(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12);

// const int led_Pin = 2;

int fire_Sensor = 13;

bool fire_Status = LOW;

String voice;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(6, OUTPUT);

pinMode(5, OUTPUT);

pinMode(4, OUTPUT);

pinMode(fire_Sensor, INPUT);

lcd.begin(16, 2);

lcd.print("IoT-Based");

lcd.setCursor(3, 2);

lcd.print("HAEMS");

delay(500);}

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void loop() {

fire_Status = digitalRead(fire_Sensor);

// lcd.print(fire_Status );

if(fire_Status == 1)

lcd.clear();

lcd.begin(16, 2);

lcd.print("gas Detected");

delay(100);

else if(fire_Status == 0)

/* turn off led*/

lcd.clear();

lcd.print("IoT-Based");

lcd.setCursor(0,2);

lcd.print("HAEMS");

// digitalWrite(led_Pin, LOW);

// digitalWrite(13, LOW);

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delay(100);

else{

lcd.print("Everything");

lcd.setCursor(0,2);

lcd.print("is good");

while(Serial.available()){

delay(3);

char c = Serial.read();

voice+=c;}

if(voice.length() >0){

Serial.println(voice);

if(voice == "light on")

{digitalWrite(6, HIGH);}

else if(voice == "light off")

{digitalWrite(6, LOW);}

else if(voice == "fun on")

{digitalWrite(5, HIGH);}

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else if(voice == "fun off")

{digitalWrite(5, LOW);}

else if(voice == "lamp on")

{digitalWrite(4, HIGH);}

else if(voice == "lamp off")

{digitalWrite(4, LOW);}

else if(voice == "all on")

{digitalWrite(4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(6, HIGH);}

else if(voice == "all off")

{digitalWrite(4, LOW);

digitalWrite(5, LOW);

digitalWrite(6, LOW);}

voice = "";

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