ADITYA VIDYASHRAM RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL

BUSINESS STUDIES
CLASS XII C – PRACTICE SHEET (2023-2024)

1 Sanchit, after completing his entrepreneurship course from Sweden returned to India and started a coffee shop
‘AromaCoffee Can’ in a famous mall in New Delhi. The speciality of the coffee shop was the special aroma of
coffee and a wide variety of flavours to choose from. Somehow, the business was neither profitable nor popular.
Sanchit was keen to find out the reason. He appointed Sandhya, an MBA from a reputed college, as a Manager to
find out the causes for the same.
Sandhya took feedback from the clients and found out that though they loved the special unique aroma of coffee
but were not happy with the long waiting time being taken to process the order. She analysed and found out that
there were many unnecessary obstructions in between which could be eliminated. She fixed a standard time for
processing the order.
She also realised that there were some flavours whose demand was not enough. So, she also decided to stop the
sale of such flavours. As a result with in a short period Sandhya was able to attract the customers.
Identify and explain any two techniques of scientific management used by Sandhya to solve the problem.
The two techniques of scientific management used by Sandhya to solve the problem are: (any two)
1. Time study: It seeks to determines the standard time taken to perform a well-defined job. The objective of time
study is to determine the number of workers to be employed , frame suitable incentive schemes and determine
labour costs. By using time measuring devices for each element of task the standard time is fixed for the whole of
the task by taking several readings.
2. Simplification (Standardisation and Simplification): Simplification aims at eliminating superfluous diversity of
products in terms of varieties, sizes and dimensions. It not only helps to reduce inventories but also save cost of
labour, machines and tools. Thus it helps to increase turnover by ensuring optimum utilisation of resources.
3. Motion study: Motion study refers to the study of movements of limbs of a worker while doing a particular task. It
seek to divide all such movements into three categories namely;
o Motions which are required
o Motions which are unnecessary
Motions which are incidental.
Thus, motion study helps to eliminate unnecessary movements of a work and enables him to complete the given task
efficiently.
2 Nutan Tiffin Box service was started in Mumbai by the Mumbai Dabbawalas. The Dabbawalas who are the soul
of entire Mumbai aim to provide prompt and efficient services by providing tasty homemade tiffin to all office
goers at the right time and place. The service is uninterrupted even on the days of bad weather, political unrest
and social disturbances. Recently, they have started online booking system through their website
‘mydabbawala.com’. Owing to their tremendous popularity amongst the happy and satisfied customers and
members, the Dabbawalas were invited as guest lecturer by top business schools. The Dabbawalas operate in a
group of 25-30 people alongwith a group leader. Each group teams up with other groups in order to deliver the
tiffins on time. They are not transferred on frequent basis as they have to remember the addresses of their
customers. They follow certain rules while doing trade—no alcohol during working hours; no leaves without
permission; wearing white caps and carrying ID cards during business hours.
Recently, on the suggestion of a few self-motivated fellow men, the dabbawalas thought out and executed a plan
of providing food left in tiffins by customers to slum children. They have instructed their customers to place red
sticker if food is left in the tiffin, to be fed to poor children later.
1. State any one principle of management given by Fayol and one characteristic of management mentioned
in the above case.
2. Give any two values which the Dabbawalas want to communicated to society.

1. The relevant principle of management given by Fayol is:

Stability of Personnel: The employee turnover should be minimized to maintain organizational efficiency.
Personnel should be selected and appointed after due and rigorous procedure. After placement, they should be kept
at their post for a minimum fixed tenure so that they get time to show results. Any adhocism in this regard will
create instability/insecurity among employees. They would tend to leave the organisation.
 (The other correct answers are principle of Discipline / Initiative / Espirit de corps) The characteristic of
management mentioned in the above case is:
Management is goal oriented as it seeks to integrate the efforts of different individuals towards the accomplishment
of both organizational and individual goals.
(The other correct answers are management is intangible/ group activity/dynamic)
2. The two values that Dabbawalas want to communicate to society are:
o Concern for poor/ Humanity
Responsibility
3 ‘Aapka Vidyalaya’ believes in the holistic development of students and encourages team building through a mix
of curricular, co-curricular and sports activities. On its Founder’s Day, a stage performance had to be put up. A
committee of ten prefects was constituted to plan different aspects of the function. They all decided to use
recycled paper for decoration. There was a spirit of unity and harmony and all the members supported each other.
With mutual trust and a sense of belonging, the programme was systematically planned and executed. Kartik, one
of the prefects, realised that the group had unknowingly applied one of the principles of management while
planning and executing the programme. He was so inspired by the success of this function that he asked his father
to apply the same principle in his business. His father replied that he was already using this principle.
1. Identify the principle of management applied for the success of the programme.
2. State any two features of management highlighted in the above paragraph.
3. Identify any two values which ‘Aapka Vidyalaya’ communicated to society.
1. The principle of management applied for the success of the programme is Espirit De Corps.
2. The two features of management mentioned in the above paragraph are as follows:
o Management is goal oriented as it seeks to integrate the efforts of different individuals towards the accomplishment
of both organizational and individual goals.
o Management is pervasive as it is applicable to all types of organizations, (economic,
social, political) all sizes of organizations (small, medium, large) and at all levels of management (top, middle and
lower).
3. The two values that ‘Aapka Vidyalaya’ communicated to society are:
o Responsibility
o Sustainable development.
4 Telco Ltd. manufactures files and folders from old clothes to discourage the use of plastic files and folders. For
this, they employ people from nearby villages where very less job opportunities are available. An employee,
Harish, designed a plan for cost reduction but it was not welcomed by the production manager. Another
employee gave some suggestions for improvements in design, but it also was not appreciated by the production
manager.
1. State the principle of management that is violated in the above paragraph.
2. Identify any two values that the company wants to communicate to the society.

5 Pawan is working as a Production Manager in CFL Ltd. which manufactures CFL bulbs. There is no class-
conflict between the management and workers. The working conditions are very good. The company is earning
huge profits. As a policy, the management shares the profits earned with the workers because they believe in the
prosperity of the employees.
1. State the principle of management described in the above paragraph.
6 The principles of Taylor and Fayol are mutually complementary. One believed that management should share the
gains with the workers while the other suggested that employees’ compensation should depend on the earning
capacity of the company and should give them a reasonable standard of living.
Identify and explain the principles of Favol and Taylor referred to in the above paragraph.
7 Nikita and Salman completed their MBA and started working in a multinational company at the same level. Both
of them worked hard and were happy with their employer. Salman had the habit of back-biting and wrong
reporting about his colleagues to impress his boss. All the employees in the organisation knew about it. At the
time of performance appraisal, the performance of Nikita was judged to be better than Salman. Even then their
boss, Mohammed Sharif, decided to promote Salman stating that being a female, Nikita would not be able to
handle the complications of a higher post.
1. Identify and explain the principle of management which was not followed by this, multinational company.
8 Radhika opens a jewellry showroom in Jaipur after completing a course in jewellry designing. She has employed
 eleven persons in her showroom. For greater productivity, she divides the work into small tasks and each
employee is trained to perform his/her specialised job. The sales persons are allowed to close a deal with a buyer
by giving a maximum of 10% discount, whereas the decision to give any further discount rests with Radhika as
the final authority. In the earlier days of starting of the business, five of her employees were asked to put in extra
hours of work. In return she had promised to give them a special incentive within a year. Therefore, after six
months when the business was doing well, she awarded a cash bonus to each of these employees to honour her
commitment. However, when it comes to settling the conflicts among her employees, she tends to be more biased
towards her female employees.
In context of the above case:
1. Identify and explain the various principles of management that are being applied by Radhika by quoting
lines from the paragraph.
2. Identify and explain the principle of management which is being violated by Radhika by quoting lines
from the paragraph.
3. State any one effect of the violation of the principle of management by Radhika as identified in part(b) of
the question.
9 Neeraj is selected for the post of software developer in an IT Company. On the first day of his joining Mehul, his
project manager tells Neeraj that during the course of his work he will come across many such opportunities
which may tempt him to misuse his powers for individual or family’s benefit at the cost of larger general interest
of the company. In such situations, he should rather exhibit exemplary behaviour as it will raise his stature in the
eyes of the company. Also, for interacting with anyone in the company on official matters, he should adopt the
formal chain of authority and communication.
In context of the above case:
1. Identify and explain the various principles of management that Mehul is advising Neeraj to follow while
doing his job.
2. List any two values that Mehul wants to communicate to Neeraj.
10 After finishing her BBA degree course, Tanya gets a job of Assistant Manager in a retail company through the
reference of her cousin Taruna who works in the same company as a Senior Manager. Taruna decides to guide
Tanya through her experience by making her aware of the important facts about management in practice. She
tells her that neither the principles of management provide any readymade, straitjacket solutions to all managerial
problems nor they are not rigid prescriptions, which have to be followed absolutely.
In context of the above case :
1. Identify the two features of principles of management mentioned in the above paragraph by quoting lines
from the paragraph.
2. Why do the principles of management not provide readymade, straitjacket solutions to all managerial
problems?