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Probability Problems SOLUTIONS

The document contains examples of calculating probabilities using fractions, decimals, and percentages. It provides solutions to probability problems involving outcomes like drawing cards from a deck, selecting prime numbers, selecting beetles of different colors, and comparing chances of winning a game. The last example calculates the probability of drawing a dark chocolate after one is eaten from an original set.

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29 views2 pages

Probability Problems SOLUTIONS

The document contains examples of calculating probabilities using fractions, decimals, and percentages. It provides solutions to probability problems involving outcomes like drawing cards from a deck, selecting prime numbers, selecting beetles of different colors, and comparing chances of winning a game. The last example calculates the probability of drawing a dark chocolate after one is eaten from an original set.

Uploaded by

kamzulsulieman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBABILITY PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS

1 Probability can be recorded in words or using fractions, decimals or percentages.

a There is only one card showing a 6. b There are 6 multiples of 3: {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18}
P(the number 6) = 1 in 20 P(multiple of 3) = 6 in 20 or 3 in 10
1 6 3
= = or
20 20 10
= 0.05 = 0.3
= 5% = 30%

c The prime numbers are: d This is the complement of selecting a prime.


{2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19} Use the probability of selecting a prime number.
The probabilities add to 1.
P(prime number) = 8 in 20 or 2 in 5
8 2 P(not prime) = 1 – P(prime)
= or
20 5 3
=
= 0.4 5
= 40% = 0.6
= 60%

2 The favourable outcomes are {3, 13, 23, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 43}
P(at least one 3) = 14 out of 45
14
=
45
= 0.31 (Note the repeater sign meaning 0.311111111111…)
1
= 31 % or 31.1%
9

3 The three probabilities must add to 1.


1 1 3 2 5 1 1
   1  P(yellow) =
2 3 6 6 6 6 6
5

6

4 If there is a 75% chance of selecting a red beetle then there is a 25% chance of selecting a blue
beetle.
75% = 24 red beetles
25% = 8 blue beetles
100% = 32 beetles
There are 32 beetles altogether.
5 Arun’s favourable outcomes are {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}.
Sally’s favourable outcomes are {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.
7 5
P(Arun winning) = P(Sally winning) =
9 6
To compare the two fractions, you can convert them to decimals, percentages or fractions with
common denominators.

Decimals Percentages Fractions


7 7 7 14
= 0.7 = 77.7% =
9 9 9 18
5 5 5 15
= 0.83 = 83.3% 
6 6 6 18

Sally has the greater chance of winning.

6 One in five means there were originally 5 dark chocolates out of 25.
After one dark chocolate is eaten, there are 4 dark chocolates out of 24.
4 1
P(dark) = or
24 6
= 0.16
= 16.6%

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