INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MANDI (HP)

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
Assignment: 1
1. Course Code : ME210
2. Course Title : Fluid Mechanics
3. Course Instructor : Parmod Kumar

Topic: Introduction and Pressure Distribution in Date of Submission: 18/09/2023

Note: Assume missing data (if any).

Q1. The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in the tire. When the air
temperature is 25°C, the pressure gauge reads 210 kPa. If the volume of the tire is 0.025 m3,
determine the pressure rise in the tire when the air temperature in the tire rises to 50°C. Also,
determine the amount of air that must be bled off to restore pressure to its original value at this
temperature. Assume the atmospheric pressure to be 100 kPa.
Q2. A thin 30-cm * 30-cm flat plate is pulled at 3 m/s horizontally through a 3.6-mm-thick oil layer
sandwiched between two plates, one stationary and the other moving at a constant velocity of 0.3
m/s (as shown in Fig. 1). The dynamic viscosity of the oil is 0.027 Pa.s. Assuming the velocity in
each oil layer to vary linearly, (a) plot the velocity profile and find the location where the oil
velocity is zero and (b) determine the force that needs to be applied on the plate to maintain this
motion.

Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3

Q3. A capillary tube is immersed vertically in a water container. Knowing that water starts to evaporate
when the pressure drops below 2 kPa, determine the maximum capillary rise and tube diameter for
this maximum-rise case. Take the contact angle at the inner wall of the tube to be 6° and the surface
tension to be 1.00 N/m.
Q4. The system (in Fig. 2) is used to calculate the pressure p1 in the tank by measuring the 15-cm height
of liquid in the 1-mm-diameter tube. The fluid is at 60°C. Calculate the true fluid height in the tube
and the percent error due to capillarity if the fluid is (a) water and (b) mercury. (Given at 60°C, case
(a) θ = 0°, water density = 9640 N/m3 and case (b) mercury density = 132200 N/m3, θ = 130°)
Q5. A velocity field is given by u = V cos θ, v = V sin θ, and w = 0, where V and θ are constants. Derive
a formula for the streamlines of this flow.
Q6. A tank contains 0.9 m3 of helium at 200 kPa and 20°C. Estimate the total mass of this gas (in kg),
(a) on Earth and (b) on the moon. Also, (c) how much heat transfer (in MJ) is required to expand
this gas at a constant temperature to a new volume of 1.5 m3?
Q7. Determine the gage pressure inside a soap bubble of diameter (a) 0.2 cm and (b) 5 cm at 20°C.
(Given surface tension of soap water at 20 °C is σs = 0.025 N/m.)
Q8. A vacuum gauge connected to a tank reads 30 kPa at a location where the barometric reading is 755
mmHg. Determine the absolute pressure in the tank. Take ρHg = 13,590 kg/m3.
Q9. Gas is contained in a vertical, frictionless piston–cylinder device. The piston has a mass of 4 kg and
a cross-sectional area of 35 cm2. A compressed spring above the piston exerts a force of 60 N on the
piston. If the atmospheric pressure is 95 kPa, determine the pressure inside the cylinder.
Q10. Consider a U-tube whose arms are open to the atmosphere. Now water is poured into the U-tube
from one arm, and light oil (ρ = 790 kg/m3) from the other. One arm contains 70 cm-high water,
while the other arm contains both fluids with an oil-to-water height ratio of 6. Determine the height
of each fluid in that arm. (Consider Fig. 3)
Q11. The 500-kg load on the hydraulic lift shown in Fig. 3 is to be raised by pouring oil (ρ = 780 kg/m3)
into a thin tube. Determine how high h should be in order to begin to raise the weight. (In Fig. 4)

Fig. 4 Fig. 5

Q12. Consider a double-fluid manometer attached to an air pipe shown in Fig. 5. If the specific gravity of
one fluid is 13.55, determine the specific gravity of the other fluid for the indicated absolute
pressure of air. Take the atmospheric pressure to be 100 kPa.
Q13. A 5-m-high, 5-m-wide rectangular plate blocks the end of a 4-m-deep freshwater channel, as shown
in Fig. 6. The plate is hinged about a horizontal axis along its upper edge through a point A and is
restrained from opening by a fixed ridge at point B. Determine the force exerted on the plate by the
ridge.
 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8

Q14. If the pressure in container A in Fig. 7 is 200 kPa, compute the pressure in container B.
Q15. Panel BC in Fig. 8 is circular. Compute (a) the hydrostatic force of the water on the panel, (b) its
centre of pressure, and (c) the moment of this force about point B.
Q16. The lower half of a 12-m-high cylindrical container is filled with water (ρ = 1000 kg/m3) and the
upper half with oil that has a specific gravity of 0.85. Determine the pressure difference between the
top and bottom of the cylinder. (refer to Fig. 9)

Fig. 9 Fig. 10 Fig. 11

Q17. A 5-m-long, 4-m-high tank contains 2.5-m-deep water when not in motion and is open to the
atmosphere through a vent in the middle. The tank is now accelerated to the right on a level surface
at 2 m/s2. Determine the maximum pressure in the tank relative to the atmospheric pressure. (refer
to Fig. 10)
Q18. The tank in Fig. 11 contains benzene and is pressurized to 200 kPa (gage) in the air gap. Determine
the vertical hydrostatic force on circular-arc section AB and its line of action.
Q19. Gate AB in Fig. 12 is semi-circular, hinged at B, and held by a horizontal force P at A. What force P
is required for equilibrium?
 Fig. 12 Fig. 13

Q20. A uniform block of steel (SG = 7.85) will “float’’ at a mercury-water interface as in Fig. 13. What is
the ratio of the distances a and b for this condition?

_______________________________________________________________________________END