1TQC1935E0001 - LV DTT Design Guide For QL Transformers REV.D DEC 2023

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DESIGN GUIDE
Low voltage general purpose

dry type transformers
Single phase and three phase;
600 volts and below
• Commonly used reference tables

• Efficiency information
• Dimensional data
2 L O W V O LTA G E G E N E R A L P U R P O S E D R Y T Y P E T R A N S F O R M E R S D E S I G N G U I D E
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ABB’s comprehensive family of
low voltage dry type transformers
(LVDTT) provide long life, quiet,
and reliable operation.
L O W V O LTA G E G E N E R A L P U R P O S E D R Y T Y P E T R A N S F O R M E R S D E S I G N G U I D E 3
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Table of contents
General purpose ventilated DOE 2016

6 Overview single-phase and three-phase
8 Insulation systems
9 Single-phase transformer data
10 Three-phase transformer data
12 Sound levels
12 Electrostatic shielding
12 Nomenclature
13 Common voltages
14 Mounting and placement
14 Installation guidance
14 Cable conduit entrance/lugs
15 Cleaning and maintenance
15 Applicable standards
16 Transformer main components
17 Testing
19 Accessories and lug kits
21 Enclosure parts
22 Dimensions
24 Selection
24 Glossary
25 Information annex
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Welcome to ABB’s low voltage dry type
transformer design guide. The purpose of the
guide is to provide the data you need to
complete a job specification or provide a
quote. This document contains technical data
such as NEMA ST-20 maximum audible sound
levels, rated line amperes, energy efficiency
data and dimensional data for our Single-phase
and Three-phase general purpose
transformers.
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General purpose ventilated DOE 2016
Overview single-phase and three-phase
Introduction Construction – Type QL

Type QL are ABB’s large power transformers ranging from 15 Large power transformers
kVA to 750 kVA. The QL transformers come in standard NEMA QL units come standard enclosed in a NEMA 2 drip-proof
2 enclosures with rain shield kits available for NEMA 3R painted metal enclosure with natural draft ventilation. The
installations. Stainless steel enclosures are available as core-and-coil assembly is mounted on rubber isolation pads to
options as well. QL transformers are available in single or reduce noise generated by transformer vibration. Rain shield
three-phase configurations with either aluminum or copper kits are available for conversion to a NEMA 3R enclosure
windings. Type QL’s are DOE 2016 compliant with models suitable for outdoor service. Type QL transformers are UL
available for Canadian NRCan efficiency standards. Listed: XQNX:E79145; XQNX7:E79145; XQNX2:E79145 or
XQNX8:E79145.
All of the LVDTTs through 750 kVA are UL listed under the
requirements of Standard 5085 and/or 1561. In addition, each Coil construction, 3 phase general purpose, all 100% production tested
transformer meets the requirements of, or are tested using Coil kVA Coil Terminal
NEMA ST-20. material range temperature connections Windings1
AL 15 to 150 150 Bolted Continuous
225 to 500 150 Welded
General purpose transformers are rated 600 Volts and below
15 to 112.5 115 Bolted
for supplying appliances, lighting, and power loads from
150 to 500 115 Welded
electrical distribution systems. Standard distribution voltages 15 to 112.5 80 Bolted
are 600, 480, and 240 Volts; standard load voltages are 480, 150 to 300 80 Welded
277, 240, 208, and 120 Volts. The transformer is used to obtain CU 15 to 150 150 Bolted Continuous
the load voltage from the distribution voltage while providing 225 to 500 150 Welded
galvanic isolation. Since no vaults are required for installation, 15 to 150 115 Bolted
these transformers can be located right at the load to provide 225 to 500 115 Welded
the correct voltage for the application. This eliminates the 15 to 112.5 80 Bolted
150 to 300 80 Welded
need for long, costly, low voltage feeders.
1
Rarely a coil may have a welded internal connection. All transformers are 100% tested,
assuring internal resistance and losses are within established standards, UL and NEMA
requirements.
NEMA enclosure ratings Transformer impedance

Type QL transformers are standard as NEMA 2 painted steel These values expressed as a percentage are also called the
enclosures. Field conversion of NEMA 2 enclosures to NEMA “voltage impedance” or “impedance voltage” or “short circuit
3R can be obtained using the optional rain shield kit. impedance”. DOE and NRCan transformer impedance ranges
per kVA are part of the regulation. Values outside of these
To specify a stainless steel enclosure for an aluminum wound ranges per kVA means that the transformer can be con-
transformer, substitute the letter “S” in the fifth character of sidered a “special impedance” transformer and would not be
the ABB product number. For example, 9T10A1004 changes to required to fall within the stated kVA efficiency values.
9T10S1004. For copper wound transformers substitute the
letter “Z” in the fifth character of the ABB product number. For The impedance value is an important parameter as it is used
example, 9T10C1004 changes to 9T10Z1004. All QL model by engineers to calculate overcurrent protection, short circuit
product numbers begin with 9T1, 9T7 and 9T8. currents and incident energy (arc flash) to name a few. The
IEEE C57.12.01 has much to say about impedance and one is
the tolerances. Section 9.2 sets the tolerance band at +/- 7.5%
Standard Installation Optional for two windings per phase transformers and +/- 10% for
NEMA enclosure rating or optional location rain shield three or more windings per phase (i.e., a zig zag transformer).
NEMA 2 (ANSI 61 Painted) Standard Indoor Not required
The impedance values shown on the nameplates and TTDs of
NEMA 2 (316 Stainless Steel)1 Optional Indoor Not required
the LV Dry Types Transformers are design values representing
NEMA 3R (ANSI 61 painted) Optional Indoor or Required &
Outdoor painted
a mean value, not a tested value.
NEMA 3R (316 Stainless Steel)1 Optional Indoor or Required &
Outdoor 316 SS Generally; a lower impedance transformer will produce higher
1
Up to 150 kVA short circuit currents that would produce more stress within
the transformer insulation system and its mechanical
Transformer taps structure. However, a lower impedance transformer will
Transformer taps compensate for high or low line (supply) reduce the voltage drop (losses) in the transformer windings
voltages. FCAN (full capacity above nominal) and FCBN (full which allows for better voltage regulation to the electrical
capacity below nominal) are standard on Type QL load and lower heat generation. Therefore, designing the
transformers rated 15 kVA through 300 kVA and with a primary impedance of the transformer is a balance between short
voltage of 240 V or higher. These have a total of six available circuit faults and voltage regulation.
voltage taps – four 2.5%3 taps (FCBN) below the nominal tap
and two 2.5% 3 taps above (FCAN) the nominal tap. This
arrangement provides a 15% range of tap voltage adjustment.
Transformers rated 500 kVA and higher have four available
voltage taps – two 2.5% 3 taps above (FCAN) the nominal tap
and two 2.5% 3 taps below (FCBN) the nominal tap.
3
2.5% typical
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Insulation systems
Insulation systems Key to the chart

Industry standards classify insulation systems in accordance • All assume 40 °C ambient temperature.
with the rating system shown below: • Coil temperature rating (Temp Rise) is a typical specification
when choosing a transformer
Transformer insulation systems • The Hot Spot is the buffer added for internal hot spots
Insulation • For large power transformers, an 80 °C temp rise will cost
Insulation letter class + Avg coil + Hot spot = Max. more than a 150 °C, and will likely last longer
rating (NEMA/UL) Ambient temp rise temp rise coil temp
• Designing for other ambient temperatures like 50 °C for use
Class 105 A 40 °C 45 °C 20 °C 105 °C
in desert regions will increase the cost
Class 155 F 40 °C 95 °C 20 °C 155 °C
• Lower coil temp rise = higher price
Class 180 H 40 °C 115 °C 25 °C 180 °C
• Higher ambient temp requirement = higher price
Class 220 R 40 °C 150 °C 30 °C 220 °C
Type QL insulation system

All ABB Type QL (80 °C, 115 °C and 150 °C) DOE and NRCan
• Insulation Class: 220 °C, UL recognized insulation system
compliant transformers use 220 °C insulation systems and
with a maximum of 150, 115 or 80 °C rise above 40 °C
meet all applicable NEMA, ANSI, UL, and IEEE dry type
ambient temperature
transformer standards.
• Temperature rise ratings are in accordance with UL 1561
• All ABB Type QL dry type transformers use a 220 °C
The design life of transformers having different insulation
insulation rating class
systems is the same, since the allowable temperature rise of
• The Type QL UL 1561 approved insulation system also
an insulation material system is predicated on a specified life
includes an encapsulation (not potted) of the windings with
for all insulation. The lower temperature systems are designed
a polyester resin material that is heat cured.
for the same life as higher temperature systems.
• The polyester resin material is a fungal growth-inhibiting
material that blocks air and moisture from contact with
the windings.
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Single-phase transformer data
Typical data based upon single-phase 240X480 V primary and 120/240 V secondary (3-wire)
DOE 2016 and NRCan efficient dry type transformers for three-wire or two-wire secondary applications
Loss in watts Efficiency (T rise +20)

Temp. Catalog Weight No Impedance Total at Full
Conductor rise number kVA Frame (lb.) load loss rise +20 °C 25% 35% 50% 75% load
Aluminum 150 °C 9T33A2670 15 YX171 320 71.2 518.4 589.6 97.51 97.77 97.79 97.46 96.99
wound 9T33A2671 25 YX171 320 98.8 831.6 930.4 97.83 98.02 97.98 97.62 97.14
9T33A2672 37.5 YX172 460 133.9 1087.7 1221.6 98.05 98.23 98.2 97.89 97.47
9T33A2673 50 XV173 490 150.8 1600.8 1751.6 98.21 98.31 98.2 97.81 97.32
9T33A2674 75 YX174 600 206.4 2044.2 2250.6 98.39 98.49 98.41 98.07 97.65
9T33A2675 100 YX175 950 233.8 2601.3 2835.1 98.57 98.63 98.53 98.18 97.76
115 °C 9T33A2671G15 25 YX171 320 98.8 759.7 858.5 97.83 98.02 97.98 97.62 97.14
9T33A2673G15 50 YX174 600 206.4 837.2 1043.7 98.03 98.35 98.49 98.41 98.2
80 °C 9T33A2674G80 75 YX175 950 233.8 1250.4 1484.3 98.39 98.58 98.62 98.44 98.16
Copper 150 °C 9T33C2670 15 YX171 350 71.2 524.2 595.4 97.5 97.76 97.76 97.43 96.94
wound 9T33C2671 25 YX171 350 98.8 792.6 891.5 97.86 98.05 98.03 97.7 97.24
9T33C2672 37.5 YX172 510 119.6 1240.5 1360.2 98.12 98.22 98.11 97.7 97.19
9T33C2673 50 XV173 500 150.8 1251.1 1401.9 98.33 98.48 98.45 98.17 97.8
9T33C2674 75 YX174 750 206.4 1801.8 2008.3 98.45 98.58 98.53 98.25 97.89
115 °C 9T33C2670G15 15 YX171 350 71.2 479.3 550.5 97.5 97.76 97.76 97.43 96.94
9T33C2671G13 25 YX172 510 119.6 508.6 628.3 97.71 98.07 98.21 98.11 97.85
9T33C2671G15 25 YX172 510 119.6 507.2 626.8 97.71 98.07 98.22 98.11 97.85
9T33C2672G15 37.5 XV173 500 150.8 647.5 798.3 98.06 98.37 98.49 98.39 98.17
9T33C2673G13 50 XV173 500 150.8 1168.3 1319.1 98.33 98.47 98.43 98.15 97.77
9T33C2673G15 50 XV173 500 150.8 1149.1 1299.9 98.33 98.48 98.45 98.17 97.8
Table continued below
Typical data based upon single-phase 240X480 V primary and 120/240 V secondary (3-wire)
DOE 2016 and NRCan efficient dry type transformers for three-wire or two-wire secondary applications (continued)
% Regulation
Temp. Catalog 100% 80% % Imp. T rise % X T rise R T rise X/R Sound level dB
Conductor rise number kVA PF PF +20 °C +20 °C +20 °C ratio (per NEMA ST-20)
Aluminum 150 °C 9T33A2670 15 3.5 4.7 4.7 3.2 3.5 0.9 45
wound 9T33A2671 25 3.4 5.1 5.3 4.1 3.3 1.2 45
9T33A2672 37.5 3 5.1 5.4 4.5 2.9 1.6 45
9T33A2673 50 3.3 5.2 5.4 4.3 3.2 1.4 45
9T33A2674 75 2.9 5.4 6 5.3 2.7 2 50
9T33A2675 100 2.7 5.2 5.8 5.2 2.6 2 50
115 °C 9T33A2671G15 25 3.1 4.9 5.1 4.1 3 1.4 45
9T33A2673G15 50 1.7 3.5 3.9 3.6 1.7 2.1 45
80 °C 9T33A2674G80 75 1.7 3.8 4.4 4.1 1.7 2.4 50
Copper 150 °C 9T33C2670 15 3.5 4.2 4.2 2.3 3.5 0.7 45
wound 9T33C2671 25 3.2 4.5 4.5 3.2 3.2 1 45
9T33C2672 37.5 3.4 5.7 6 5 3.3 1.5 45
9T33C2673 50 2.6 4.4 4.7 4 2.5 1.6 45
9T33C2674 75 2.5 5.2 5.9 5.4 2.4 2.2 50
115 °C 9T33C2670G15 15 3.2 4 4 2.3 3.2 0.7 45
9T33C2671G13 25 2.1 3.7 3.9 3.4 2 1.7 45
9T33C2671G15 25 2.1 3.6 3.9 3.3 2 1.6 45
9T33C2672G15 37.5 1.8 3.2 3.5 3 1.7 1.7 45
9T33C2673G13 50 2.4 4.3 4.6 4 2.3 1.7 45
9T33C2673G15 50 2.4 4.2 4.6 4 2.3 1.7 45
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Three-phase transformer data
Typical data based upon 480 V delta primary and 208Y/120 secondary
DOE 2016 efficient dry type transformers K-Factor 1
Weight (lb.) Loss in watts Efficiency (T rise +20)

Temp. Catalog Stainless Impedance Total at Full
Conductor Rise number kVA Frame Painted steel No load loss rise +20 °C 25% 35% 50% 75% load
Aluminum 150 °C 9T10A1001 15 UX71A 231 251 63.04 471.54 534.58 97.77 98 98 97.7 97.26
wound 9T10A1002 30 UY72A 297 217 78.65 1191.25 1269.9 98.23 98.23 98.02 97.47 96.84
9T10A1003 45 UY73A 363 383 120.81 1408.01 1528.82 98.35 98.42 98.29 97.89 97.4
9T10A1004 75 UY14A 513 518 169.26 2139.53 2308.79 98.58 98.62 98.49 98.11 97.67
9T10A1005 112.5 DY05A 703 783 266.02 2474.08 2740.1 98.65 98.75 98.7 98.45 98.12
9T10A1006 150 DY76A 1030 1050 322 2936.02 3258.02 98.77 98.86 98.82 98.58 98.28
9T10A1007 225 UY17A 1190 NA 383.5 4707.45 5090.94 98.92 98.96 98.86 98.58 98.24
9T10A1008 300 DY08A 1666 NA 435.09 6374.03 6809.12 99.02 99.02 98.9 98.59 98.23
9T10A1009 500 DY79A 2713 NA 698.53 8578.7 9277.23 99.12 99.14 99.06 98.83 98.55
9T10A1302 750 DY76A 4292 NA 687.58 13849.96 14537.54 99.27 99.23 99.09 98.79 98.47
115 °C 9T10A1001G31 15 UX71A 231 251 63.04 429.84 492.89 97.77 98 98 97.7 97.27
9T10A1002G31 30 UX72A 330 350 77.75 1086.95 1164.7 98.24 98.23 98.01 97.45 96.82
9T10A1003G31 45 UX73A 444 464 143.22 1033.37 1176.59 98.28 98.44 98.43 98.17 97.81
9T10A1004G31 75 UX74A 603 623 168.75 1913.19 2081.94 98.58 98.63 98.5 98.13 97.69
9T10A1005G31 112.5 DX75A 830 850 224.73 2697.01 2921.73 98.71 98.74 98.61 98.25 97.83
9T10A1006G31 150 DX76A 1250 NA 318.43 2846.25 3164.69 98.77 98.85 98.8 98.55 98.23
9T10A1007G31 225 DX77A 1670 NA 413.78 4047.8 4461.58 98.89 98.95 98.88 98.63 98.32
9T10A1008G31 300 DX78A 1985 NA 480.26 5265.29 5745.56 99 99.03 98.95 98.69 98.38
9T10A1009G31 500 DX79A 2900 NA 718.99 6978.61 7697.6 99.13 99.18 99.13 98.93 98.68
80 °C 9T10A1001G61 15 UY72A 297 317 78.65 248.21 326.86 97.58 98.01 98.22 98.19 97.99
9T10A1002G61 30 UY73A 363 383 120.81 519.18 639.99 98.03 98.32 98.42 98.29 98.04
9T10A1003G61 45 UY04A 555 575 167.32 627.85 795.17 98.22 98.51 98.63 98.56 98.36
9T10A1004G61 75 DY05A 703 783 266.02 917.03 1183.06 98.33 98.61 98.74 98.7 98.54
9T10A1005G61 112.5 DY76A 1030 1050 322 1377.84 1699.84 98.59 98.8 98.87 98.78 98.59
9T10A1006G61 150 DY17A 1190 NA 383.5 1749.77 2133.26 98.72 98.9 98.96 98.86 98.68
9T10A1007G61 225 DX78A 1985 NA 480.26 2704.9 3185.16 98.88 99.01 99.02 98.89 98.69
9T10A1008G61 300 DY79A 2713 NA 698.53 2615.31 3313.83 98.88 99.06 99.14 99.1 98.98
Copper 150 °C 9T10C1001 15 UX71C 230 250 55.12 579.34 634.47 97.84 97.96 97.83 97.36 96.78
wound 9T10C1002 30 UX02C 271 291 87.17 1062.21 1149.38 98.19 98.25 98.09 97.63 97.07
9T10C1003 45 UX73C 480 500 139.63 1100.15 1239.78 98.32 98.48 98.46 98.2 97.85
9T10C1004 75 UY14C 566 571 151.67 2270.61 2422.28 98.63 98.63 98.46 98.02 97.53
9T10C1005 112.5 DY05C 837 842 265.68 2432.61 2698.28 98.66 98.76 98.71 98.46 98.13
9T10C1006 150 DY76C 1085 1105 284.54 3361.92 3646.46 98.82 98.86 98.76 98.46 98.1
9T10C1007 225 DY77C 1610 NA 437.82 4317.78 4755.6 98.87 98.94 98.88 98.65 98.35
9T10C1008 300 DY78C 1970 NA 478.19 5771.84 6250.03 99 99.03 98.95 98.69 98.38
9T10C1009 500 DX79C 3720 NA 758 7647.16 8405.16 99.09 99.14 99.09 98.88 98.63
115 °C 9T10C1001G31 15 UX71C 230 250 55.12 529.53 584.65 97.84 97.96 97.83 97.36 96.78
9T10C1002G31 30 UX72C 353 373 92.01 898.96 990.98 98.18 98.27 98.16 97.76 97.26
9T10C1003G31 45 UX73C 480 500 134.53 1068.14 1202.66 98.33 98.47 98.43 98.14 97.76
9T10C1004G31 75 UX74C 748 768 196.88 1646.98 1843.86 98.51 98.62 98.57 98.29 97.93
9T10C1005G31 112.5 DX75C 900 980 280.83 2075.92 2356.75 98.63 98.76 98.74 98.53 98.23
9T10C1006G31 150 DX76C 1240 1260 285.79 3261.35 3547.14 98.79 98.83 98.72 98.4 98.02
9T10C1007G31 225 DX77C 1847 NA 513.46 3073.25 3586.71 98.8 98.94 98.96 98.82 98.6
9T10C1008G31 300 DX78C 2150 NA 544.92 4666.98 5211.89 98.96 99.03 98.99 98.79 98.52
9T10C1009G31 500 DX79C 3720 NA 758 6946.45 7704.45 99.1 99.15 99.1 98.9 98.66
80 °C 9T10C1001G61 15 UX72C 353 373 88.24 205.07 293.31 97.4 97.92 98.22 98.3 98.18
9T10C1002G61 30 UX73C 480 500 134.53 431.54 566.06 97.92 98.28 98.46 98.43 98.25
9T10C1003G61 45 UY74C 661 681 196.87 523.46 720.33 98.02 98.4 98.61 98.63 98.51
9T10C1004G61 75 DY05C 837 842 265.68 903.49 1169.17 98.33 98.62 98.75 98.71 98.55
9T10C1005G61 112.5 DY76C 1085 1105 304.09 1552.13 1856.21 98.62 98.8 98.83 98.7 98.48
9T10C1006G61 150 DY77C 1610 NA 437.82 1615.97 2053.79 98.6 98.83 98.93 98.87 98.72
9T10C1007G61 225 DX78C 2150 NA 544.92 2317.53 2862.45 98.81 98.98 99.05 98.97 98.81
9T10C1008G61 300 DX79C 3720 NA 758 2349.76 3107.76 98.82 99.03 99.13 99.12 99.02
Table continued on next page
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Three-phase transformer data
Typical data based upon 480 V delta primary and 208Y/120 secondary
DOE 2016 efficient dry type transformers K-Factor 1 (continued)
% Regulation
Temp. Catalog 100% 80% % Imp. T %XT R T rise X/R Sound level dB (per
Conductor rise number kVA PF PF rise +20 °C rise +20 °C +20 °C ratio NEMA ST-20)
Aluminum 150 °C 9T10A1001 15 3.16 3.74 3.7 2 3.1 0.6 45
wound 9T10A1002 30 4 4.62 4.6 2.4 4 0.6 45
9T10A1003 45 3.17 4.24 4.3 2.9 3.1 0.9 45
9T10A1004 75 2.91 4.4 4.5 3.5 2.9 1.2 50
9T10A1005 112.5 2.24 3.39 3.5 2.7 2.2 1.2 50
9T10A1006 150 2.03 3.96 4.4 4 2 2 50
9T10A1007 225 2.19 4.36 4.9 4.4 2.1 2.1 55
9T10A1008 300 2.19 3.95 4.3 3.7 2.1 1.8 55
9T10A1009 500 1.83 4.27 5.1 4.8 1.7 2.8 60
9T10A1302 750 2.01 5 6.1 5.8 1.8 3.1 64
115 °C 9T10A1001G31 15 2.88 3.37 3.4 1.8 2.9 0.6 45
9T10A1002G31 30 3.67 4.85 4.9 3.3 3.6 0.9 45
9T10A1003G31 45 2.31 3 3 1.9 2.3 0.8 45
9T10A1004G31 75 2.66 4.92 5.4 4.8 2.6 1.9 50
9T10A1005G31 112.5 2.5 4.73 5.2 4.6 2.4 1.9 50
9T10A1006G31 150 1.94 3.36 3.6 3.1 1.9 1.6 50
9T10A1007G31 225 1.89 4.09 4.7 4.4 1.8 2.4 55
9T10A1008G31 300 1.87 4.33 5.1 4.8 1.8 2.7 55
9T10A1009G31 500 1.49 3.71 4.5 4.3 1.4 3.1 60
80 °C 9T10A1001G61 15 1.66 2.05 2 1.2 1.7 0.7 45
9T10A1002G61 30 1.75 2.54 2.6 1.9 1.7 1.1 45
9T10A1003G61 45 1.42 2.44 2.6 2.2 1.4 1.6 45
9T10A1004G61 75 1.24 2.07 2.2 1.8 1.2 1.5 50
9T10A1005G61 112.5 1.26 2.57 2.9 2.6 1.2 2.1 50
9T10A1006G61 150 1.21 2.67 3.1 2.9 1.2 2.5 50
9T10A1007G61 225 1.27 3.15 3.8 3.6 1.2 3 55
9T10A1008G61 300 0.91 2.43 3 2.9 0.9 3.3 55
Copper 150 °C 9T10C1001 15 3.87 3.93 4.1 1.4 3.9 0.4 45
wound 9T10C1002 30 3.57 4.2 4.2 2.3 3.5 0.6 45
9T10C1003 45 2.46 2.98 3 1.7 2.4 0.7 45
9T10C1004 75 3.08 4.43 4.5 3.3 3 1.1 50
9T10C1005 112.5 2.24 4.13 4.5 4 2.2 1.8 50
9T10C1006 150 2.3 3.93 4.2 3.5 2.2 1.6 50
9T10C1007 225 1.96 3.23 3.4 2.8 1.9 1.5 55
9T10C1008 300 2.02 4.27 4.9 4.5 1.9 2.3 55
9T10C1009 500 1.67 4.51 5.6 5.4 1.5 3.5 60
115 °C 9T10C1001G31 15 3.54 3.66 3.8 1.4 3.5 0.4 45
9T10C1002G31 30 3.02 3.62 3.6 2 3 0.7 45
9T10C1003G31 45 2.4 3.35 3.4 2.4 2.4 1 45
9T10C1004G31 75 2.23 3.33 3.4 2.6 2.2 1.2 50
9T10C1005G31 112.5 1.88 3.08 3.2 2.7 1.8 1.4 50
9T10C1006G31 150 2.27 4.44 5 4.5 2.2 2.1 50
9T10C1007G31 225 1.44 3.39 4 3.8 1.4 2.8 55
9T10C1008G31 300 1.64 3.81 4.5 4.2 1.6 2.7 55
9T10C1009G31 500 1.48 3.7 4.5 4.3 1.4 3.1 60
80 °C 9T10C1001G61 15 1.37 1.78 1.8 1.1 1.4 0.8 45
9T10C1002G61 30 1.45 2.07 2.1 1.5 1.4 1.1 45
9T10C1003G61 45 1.18 2.11 2.3 2 1.2 1.7 45
9T10C1004G61 75 1.24 2.56 2.9 2.6 1.2 2.2 50
9T10C1005G61 112.5 1.41 2.58 2.8 2.4 1.4 1.8 50
9T10C1006G61 150 1.1 2.15 2.4 2.1 1.1 2 50
9T10C1007G61 225 1.08 2.66 3.2 3 1 2.9 55
9T10C1008G61 300 0.82 2.37 3 2.9 0.8 3.7 55
Sound levels Average sound level, decibels

All general purpose transformers are as quiet, or quieter than
Self cooled ventilated
required by NEMA ST-20. Average sound levels are warranted K-factor = 1 K-factor = 13
not to exceed the values listed for each load rating shown in K-factor = 4 K-factor = 20
the below table. Sound characteristics vary between 9.01 to 15.00 45 45
transformers of identical voltage and kVA rating. The range of 15.01 to 30.00 45 45
variation may be 4 to 8 decibels. 30.01 to 50.00 45 48
50.01 to 75.00 50 53
These values apply only to specified test conditions because 75.01 to 112.50 50 53
112.51 to 150.00 50 53
the characteristic of the installation can cause them to be
150.01 to 225.00 55 58
higher under operating conditions. Where acoustical noise is
225.01 to 300.00 55 58
deemed to be of concern, proper steps should be taken during
300.01 to 500.00 60 63
installation to minimize audible noise transmission. Please
500.01 to 700.00 62 65
refer to the installation manual for installation and operation
700.01 to 1000.00 64 67
recommended practices to minimize the audible sound of the
Note 1: Consult factory for non-linear requirements exceeding a K-factor rating of 20.
transformer. Note 2: Sound levels are measured using the A-weighted scale (dB [A])
If lower sound levels are needed or desired, -3 dB and -5 dB

options are available for most models.
Electrostatic shielding Nomenclature

An electrostatic shield is a grounded insulated metallic foil The nomenclature table is a guide to understanding our
inserted between the primary and secondary. The foil creates catalog numbers.
a shield effect which reduces the capacitive coupling between
the windings, reducing the transmission of electrical noise Please Note: This catalog number nomenclature is for
between windings. All K-factor transformers (K4, K13, K20) illustrative purposes only. Not all catalog number
and harmonic mitigating transformers come with combinations are available for production. Please reference
electrostatic shielding. Electrostatic shielding can be ordered the BuyLog Section 10 ordering tables beginning on page 10-
as an option for general purpose (K1) and is known as a Guard 10 for Three-phase DOE 2016 Efficiency transformers currently
I transformer. See the suffix code table below for addition available for ordering. For additional assistance, please
information on electrostatic shielding and noise reduction. contact Customer Service at 1-800-431-7867.
All Type QL transformers that have electrostatic shielding use
copper material for the shield.
DOE 2016 catalog number nomenclature
9T 1 0 A 100 1 G31
ABB standard Catalog no. suffix codes
Core & coil temp rise
1 = QL DOE 2016 Design 150 °C 115 °C 80 °C
Temp rise rating only G01 or blank G31 G61

Transformer Type kVA rating
0 = Standard, K1 1 = 15 kVA
Core & Coil Characteristics
1 = K13 2 = 30 kVA -3 dB noise reduction G02 G32 G62

2 = K20 3 = 45 kVA
4 = K4 4 = 75 kVA Electrostatic shield* G03 G33 G63
7 = Guard II/servicenter 5 = 112.5 kVA
8 = Spare parts 6 = 150 kVA -3 dB noise reduction +
G04 G34 G64
7 = 225 kVA Electrostatic shield
Options 8 = 300 kVA
9 = 500 kVA -5 dB noise reduction G05 G35 G65
A = Aluminum coil
B1 = Aluminum C&C (no enclosure) -5 dB noise reduction +
C = Copper coil G06 G36 G66
Electrostatic shield
S = AL stainless steel enclosure
* An Electrostatic Shield (a Guard I transformer) is bonded to the ground terminal and is
V1 = Copper C&C (no enclosure) Voltage Series
a copper barrier between the primary and secondary windings to reduce electrical noise.
Z = CU stainless steel enclosure See voltage chart below All K-factor transformers come standard with an Electrostatic Shield (K4, K13, K20).
Y = Accessories
These options are UL recognized components.
1
Three-phase common voltages Three-phase common voltages Three-phase common voltages

Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Primary Secondary
Series voltage voltage Series voltage voltage Series voltage voltage
100 480 208Y/120 157 240 575 212 400 480Y/277
101 480 220 158 240 460Y/266 213 415 208Y/120
102 480 220Y/127 159 240 240Y/139 214 415 460
103 480 208 160 240 600 215 415 220Y/127
104 480 230Y/133 161 240 208Y/120 216 416 208Y/120
105 480 240Y/139 162 240 380 217 416 480Y/277
106 480 380 163 240 440 218 460 208Y/120
107 480 380Y/219 164 240 240/120 219 460 220
108 480 400Y/231 165 240 380Y/219 221 460 400Y/231
109 480 415Y/240 166 220 380Y/219 222 460 220Y/127
110 480 480 167 220 400Y/231 223 460 230
111 480 575 168 220 240Y/139 224 460 575Y/332
112 480 600 169 220 220 225 460 230Y/133
113 480 440Y/254 170 220 208Y/120 226 460 460Y/266
114 480 600Y/346 171 220 480Y/277 227 550 208Y/120
115 480 440 172 220 440Y/254 228 550 480Y/277
116 480 230/115 173 220 480/240 229 575 208Y/120
117 480 480Y/277 174 220 480 230 575 480Y/277
118 480 240/120 175 220 415Y/240 231 575 240Y/139
119 480 240 176 380 220Y/127 232 575 460
121 480 220/110 177 380 480 233 575 480
123 480 400 178 380 220 234 575 230Y/133
124 480 460 179 380 208Y/120 235 575 230
125 480 420 180 380 415Y/240 236 600 240/120
126 480 230 181 380 240/120 237 600 480
127 480 575Y/332 184 380 480Y/277 238 600 480Y/277
129 480 460Y/266 185 380 380Y/219 239 600 240
131 208 240 186 380 230Y/133 240 600 208Y/120
132 208 240/120 187 380 240 241 600 230Y/133
133 208 480 188 440 220Y/127 242 600 240Y/139
134 208 480Y/277 189 440 480 243 600 208
135 208 380Y/219 190 440 208Y/120 244 600 600Y/346
136 208 230 191 440 380 245 690 400Y/231
137 208 575 192 440 380Y/219 246 690 208Y/120
138 208 460 193 440 400Y/231 247 277 415Y/240
139 208 400Y/231 194 440 575Y/332 248 315 208Y/120
140 208 208 195 440 240/120 249 320 480Y/277
141 208 230Y/133 196 440 480Y/277 250 420 480Y/277
142 208 380 197 440 240 251 490 480Y/277
143 208 220/110 198 230 460 252 500 480Y/277
144 208 220Y/127 199 230 400Y/231
145 208 208Y/120 200 230 400
146 208 400 201 230 480Y/277
147 208 315 202 230 208Y/120
148 208 600 203 230 480
149 208 460Y/266 204 400 230Y/133
150 208 220 205 400 380Y/219
151 208 230/115 206 400 480
152 208 415Y/240 207 400 220Y/127
153 240 480Y/277 209 400 400Y/231
154 240 480 210 400 208Y/120
155 240 400Y/231 211 400 208Y/120
—
Installation guidance
Mounting and placement Cable conduit entrance / lugs

The only foundation necessary is a non-combustible flat All cable connections to the transformer should be brought
surface strong enough to support the weight of the unit. Note into the enclosure as low as possible to allow for the required
that permanent and effective grounding of the metal case in cable bending radius. Side entry of cables is recommended as
accordance with NEC/CEC is recommended as a safety it leaves the ventilation areas unobstructed. When making
precaution. cable connection or changing taps, always use two wrenches
for tightening or loosening bolted connections to prevent
Free circulation of ambient air is essential for the proper distortion or damage.
operation of all ventilated dry-type transformers. The top and
sides of the transformer with ventilation openings require a Note: Terminals must be cleaned if it is necessary to change
minimum distance of six inches to adjacent noncombustible taps. Gently scrape the insulation/coating from the new
structures or equipment to ensure proper circulation of air. A connection and apply an electrical joint compound.
minimum of six inches from the top of the enclosure is
required for ventilation purposes, but 12 to 18 inches minimum All general purpose transformers are designed for easy
is recommended for removal of top cover for servicing. accommodation of cables and cable connectors. Lug
connector kits are readily available and can be ordered
Larger kVA size transformers may require both front and rear through the sales office, through the distributor, or can be
access for installation and maintenance. Please refer to purchased commercially. Lug kit and ground bar kits are
associated outline drawings that indicate terminal locations included up through 150 kVA. The assembly of connectors to
to determine if both front and rear access are needed. the line terminals is important. Follow established installation
procedures recommended by the connector manufacturer. Do
Ventilation not install washers between the lug and the terminal as this
Dry type general purpose transformers are cooled by free will cause heating and arcing, resulting in failure of the
circulation of surrounding air. They depend on air to enter at connector. Refer to the NEC/CEC guide for sizing. Follow the
the bottom, flow upward over the core and coil surfaces and torque recommendations of the connector manufacturer or
exit through the openings near the top. These transformers use the guide below.
will carry full-rated loads continuously when the surrounding
air does not exceed 30 °C/86 °F average, 40 °C/104 °F Bolt size Torque (in lbs.)
maximum and adjacent structures permit free movement of 1/4” 60
cooling air. 5/16” 120
3/8” 220
The room in which dry type transformers are located should 1/2” 460
be sized to permit locating transformers with sufficient

spacing between units and sufficient clearances to walls and
other obstructions to permit the free circulation of air around
each unit and to minimize noise amplification. Sufficient space
should also be maintained to permit routine inspection and
maintenance. Adequate ventilation is essential for the proper
cooling of transformers. Clean dry air is desirable. Filtered air
at or above atmospheric pressure may reduce maintenance if
dust or other contaminants present a problem. When
transformers are located in rooms or other restricted spaces,
sufficient ventilation should be provided to hold the air
temperature within established limits (30 °C/86 °F average
over 24 hours with a 40 °C/104 °F maximum) when measured
near the transformer inlets.
Cleaning and maintenance Maintenance

Under normal environments and operating conditions, dry Maintenance would include dust removal and/or drying (if
type transformers are virtually maintenance-free. However, applicable), tap changing, tightening of bolted connections,
they do require occasional internal cleaning, care, and general servicing and inspection of auxiliary devices.
inspection. The frequency of inspection, cleaning and care will Additional information related to the installation and
depend on the atmospheric and/or environmental conditions maintenance of general purpose transformers can be found in
where the transformer is installed. ANSI publication C57.94, “Guide for Installation and
Maintenance of Dry Type Transformers.”
A continuously energized transformer needs periodic cleaning
and maintenance to remove accumulations of dust or dirt from
cooling ducts and other surfaces. Large accumulations may Applicable design, performance and safety standards
reduce cooling efficiency and lead to overheating. ABB Dry Type Transformers conform to the standards as
Maintenance and cleaning are recommended at least once a shown above and are in compliance with these
year in relatively clean installations and at more frequent standards below:
intervals in more heavily contaminated atmospheres.
Transformers that are de-energized for long periods of time • ANSI/NFPA 70: National Electrical Code
generally require more frequent maintenance and cleaning to
• ANSI/IEEE C57.96, Distribution Transformers, Guide for
ensure the removal of contamination.
Loading Dry Type appendix to ANSI C57.12 standards
CAUTION: Any internal inspection, adjustment, cleaning, or • IEEE C57.12.01: General Requirements for Dry Type
maintenance must be done with the transformer de-energized Distribution Transformers
and the windings grounded. Technicians must follow NFPA
• IEEE C57.12.91, Test Code for Dry Type Distribution
70E guidelines.
Transformers
Cleaning • NEMA ST-20: Dry Type Transformers for General Applications

Accumulation of dirt on insulating surfaces becomes a hazard
• UL 1561, Dry Type General Purpose Power Transformer,
when a considerable amount of moisture is absorbed.
UL Category code XQNX
Vacuuming is the recommended method for cleaning. Special
attention should be given to cooling ducts within the winding. • 10 CFR 431 (DOE2016) USA Efficiency Level compliance,
Low pressure dry air can be used if care is taken to avoid UL category code ZXPC
driving the contamination into the insulation.
• CSA 802.2 (Natural Resources Canada - NRCan ) energy
efficiency compliance (UL category code ZZED)
Moisture is detrimental to most insulation systems. It is
advisable to dry out any transformer that has been exposed • ANSI/UL 5085 Low Voltage Transformers, UL category
for long periods of time to high humidity. Whenever moisture code XPTQ
is visible on insulation surfaces, the unit must be dried before
• UL Energy Verification – for US and Canada
being energized. If moisture is evident, the unit should be
(ZXPC: EV519886) (ZZED: EV23760)
dried out by placing it in an oven, by blowing heated air over it,
or by placing strip heaters under the coil windings. The • ABB's dry type transformers are manufactured in an
temperature of the heated air should not exceed 110 °C/230 °F. ISO 9001 certified plant.
If strip heaters are used, the elements should not be allowed
to come in contact with the transformer. Heat should be
applied to both the front and rear of the transformer. Normal
drying techniques may not be adequate for transformers
subjected to flooding, direct rain or similar applications of
water. The factory should be consulted as the transformer will
most likely need to be replaced.
—
Transformer’s main components
Clamps Core
Provide mechanial Laminated iron or
support to the yokes steel-alloy ring which Bus bars
windings are wound
Bus bars
Taps
Aux lead connection on primary coil
at some point above or below primary
lead connection; available in 2.5%
increments of primary’s normal
voltage rating
Winding
Also known as coil. Made of insulated aluminum or copper.
See photo below for more details.
Transformer winding (also known as coil)

Cooling ducts
• Windings are coils of conductors
Primary to
• Windings are made of insulated aluminum
secondary
or copper
Space for core insulation
• Wrapped with Nomex paper or painted
with varnish
Secondary Spacers
• Cooling ducts are added to increase
convection area
• Ducts are built by inserting spacers between
Primary Primary end
conductor layers
• Taps allows the modification of voltage
ratio by adding or subtracting turns of the
Taps
primary winding
• Windings are dipped and baked using a polyester
resin material encapsulating (not potting) the
Windings leads
windings - protects against air, moisture and
fungal growth.
Seismic testing Using AC156 procedures, third party engineering evaluation

The testing was performed according to both the determined that the test results demonstrate the ability of the
requirements of ICC-ES AC156 and IEEE-693-2005 and meets ABB low voltage transformers up to the peak ground
the requirements for special seismic certification as detailed seismicity (Sds) in the table below. Therefore, third party
in section 1705A.13.3 of the CBC 2019 and the 2015-ICC-ES engineering evaluation concludes that the test data
AC156 standard. In accordance with ASCE 7-16, which contains demonstrates that the ABB low voltage transformers are
the seismic provisions of the 2018 International Building Code certified for installation in accordance with the seismic
[IBC], AC156 is an acceptable test procedure for determining provisions of the 2018 IBC for any site with a site-specific Sds
the seismic certification of equipment. ASCE 7-16, Section equal or less than the below Sds table and at any location
13.2.1.2.b allows for testing alone to be used to satisfy all IBC within a building.
seismic design requirements for electrical equipment.
Enclosure type & NEMA IEEE-693

product names Mounting rating kVA Width Depth Height Weight Sds (g) Seismic level
Vented/Non-Vented Floor 1, 2 11-750 18" -47" 16”- 40” 27" - 57" 50- 4,290 lbs. 1.181 & 2.422 High
QL Transformer Wall Bracket 1, 2 11-112.5 19”- 32” 17”- 28” 27" - 39.9" 50- 1,018 lbs. 1.161 & 2.502 High
1
For QL, QF, FC
2
For encapsulated and enclosed Servicenter™ product line
Tests Insulation resistance tests

Below are the production line tests we perform on each type Insulation resistance tests determine the insulation resistance
QL transformer. from individual windings to ground or between individual
- HiPot test (Dielectric test) windings. The insulation resistance is commonly measured in
- Induced volts test megohms but may be calculated from measurements of
- OCV (Open Circuit Volts, this is Volts ratio test) applied voltage and leakage current. The insulation resistance
- No load losses of electrical apparatus is of doubtful significance as compared
- Load losses with the dielectric strength. It is subject to wide variation with
- Impedance volts design, temperature, dryness, and cleanliness of the parts.
- Excitation current When the insulation resistance falls below prescribed values, it
- Polarity test can, in most cases, be brought up to the prescribed value by
cleaning and drying the transformer. The insulation resistance,
These tests are pass/fail only. therefore, may afford a useful indication as to whether the
transformer is in suitable condition for application of the
HiPot (dielectric) testing is more strenuous than insulation more meaningful dielectric test.
resistance as it applies a higher voltage looking for insulation
breakdown – it is a pass/fail test. NOTE 1: The significance of values of insulation resistance
tests generally requires some interpretation, depending on
We do not run the less stringent insulation resistance test and the design, dryness, and cleanliness of the insulation involved.
take or calculate readings. If a user decides to make insulation resistance tests, it is
recommended that insulation resistance values be measured
In fact, the IEEE Std C57.12.91 standard warns against using periodically (during maintenance shutdown) and that these
insulation resistance test results to determine suitability to periodic values be plotted. Substantial variation in the plotted
energize. values of insulation resistance should be investigated for
cause.
NOTE 2: Insulation resistances may vary with applied voltage,

and any comparison should be made with measurements at
the same voltage.
—
Here is an example of our typical test data.
Many of these are available on our web page.
TYPICAL TEST DATA

ABB
ABB Inc.
305 Gregson Drive
Cary, NC 27511
electrification.us.abb.com
LV Dry Type Transformer
MODEL #: 9T10A1004 Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Listed
RATINGS
KVA 75 Conductor AL
Frequency (Hz) 60 Phase 3
Primary Voltage 480 (+2/-4 @2.5%) Secondary Voltage 208Y/120
Current Line Primary (A) 90.20 Current Line Secondary (A) 208.20
Frame UY14A Insulation System (°C) 220
K Factor 1 Average Sound Level (dB) 50
e
Temp. Rise (°C) 150 Efficiency standards DoE 2016 (10CFR 431)
Electrostatic shield None pl
LOSS DATA @ 100% LOAD
Core Loss or No Load Loss @ 100% voltage (Watts) 169.3
Impedance Loss or Coil Loss @ Rise + 20 °C reference (Watts) 2,139.5
Total Loss @ Rise + 20 °C reference (Watts) 2,308.8
am
DIELECTRIC AND PRODUCTION TESTING
Induce Test @ Twice rated voltage 400 Hz per UL1561 and NEMA ST-20
Hipot Test for High Voltage winding to Low Voltage and Ground @ 4000 volts 60 Hz, 60 Sec
Hipot Test for Low Voltage winding to High Voltage and Ground @ 2500 volts 60 Hz, 60 Sec
Polarity additive in accordance with UL1561 and NEMA ST-20
EFFICIENCY: IMPEDANCE:
DoE 2016 (10CFR 431) efficiency levels Impedance at reference temperature of
Load (%) Efficiency (%) Rise + 20 °C (Calculated)
Ex
16 98.27 %R 2.90
25 98.58 %X 3.50
35 98.62 %Z 4.50
50 98.49 X/R Ratio 1.21
75 98.11
100 97.67
REGULATION: REFERENCE VALUES:

Regulation at reference temperature of Peak Inrush Current (Calculated)
Rise + 20 °C (Calculated) Imax @8.33 ms (A RMS)≈ 1018.3
Power Factor Regulation (%) Imax @ 100 ms (A RMS)≈ 391.1
1 3.00
0.9 4.20
0.8 4.40
Revision: 2
—
Accessories and lug kits
Single-phase and three-phase
Painted parts
Rain shield kit Lug kit Ground kit Wall mount bracket Bottom pan
Frame size
Catalog number Catalog number Catalog number Catalog number Catalog number
UY04A 9T18Y1074G06 9T18Y1074G10 9T18Y1074G11 9T18Y1074G07 N/A
UX71C 9T18Y1071G06 9T18Y1071G10 9T18Y1071G11 9T18Y1071G07 N/A
UY74A 9T18Y1074G06 9T18Y1074G10 9T18Y1074G11 9T18Y1074G07 N/A
UY74C 9T18Y1074G06 9T18Y1074G10 9T18Y1074G11 9T18Y1074G07 N/A
DY75A 9T18Y1074G06 9T18Y1075G10 9T18Y1074G11 9T18Y1074G07 N/A
DX75A 9T18Y1076G06 9T18Y1076G10 9T18Y1074G11 N/A N/A
DY77A 9T18Y1077G06 9T18Y1077G10 N/A N/A 9T18Y1077G09
DX79A 9T18Y1079G06 9T18Y1079G10 N/A N/A 9T18Y1079G09
DY75C 9T18Y1074G06 9T18Y1075G10 9T18Y1074G11 9T18Y1074G07 N/A
DX76C 9T18Y1076G06 9T18Y1076G10 9T18Y1074G11 N/A N/A
DY77C 9T18Y1077G06 9T18Y1077G10 N/A N/A 9T18Y1077G09
DY76A 9T18Y1076G06 9T18Y1076G10 9T18Y1074G11 N/A N/A
DX75C 9T18Y1074G06 9T18Y1075G10 9T18Y1074G11 9T18Y1074G07 N/A
DY76C 9T18Y1076G06 9T18Y1076G10 9T18Y1074G11 N/A N/A
DX77C 9T18Y1077G06 9T18Y1077G10 N/A N/A 9T18Y1077G09
DX78C 9T18Y1077G06 9T18Y1078G10 N/A N/A 9T18Y1078G09
DY67A 9T18Y1067G06 9T18Y1067G10 N/A N/A NA
Stainless steel parts

Rain shield kit
Frame size
Catalog number
UX71A 9T18Y1171G06
UX72A 9T18Y1172G06
UX73A 9T18Y1172G06
UY74A 9T18Y1174G06
UX74A 9T18Y1174G06
UX71C 9T18Y1171G06
UX72C 9T18Y1172G06
UX73C 9T18Y1172G06
UY74C 9T18Y1174G06
UX74C 9T18Y1174G06
DY75A 9T18Y1174G06
DY76A 9T18Y1176G06
DY75C 9T18Y1174G06
DY76C 9T18Y1176G06
DX75A 9T18Y1176G06
DX75C 9T18Y1174G06
DX76C 9T18Y1176G06
—
Accessories and lug kits
Single-phase and three-phase
Single-phase lug kits

Temp Frame Primary bus bar Secondary bus bar Stud
Coil material rise kVA size holes (qty/size) holes (qty/size) Lug kit Cable size diameter Lug Qty
Alumninum/ 115 or 15 or 25 YF171 (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y7240G02 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 8
Copper 150 37.5
50 YF172 (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y7241G03 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 4
350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 4
150 167 YF176 (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y7242G05 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 8
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 12
Three-phase lug kits

Temp Frame Primary bus bar Secondary bus bar Stud
Coil material rise kVA size holes (qty/size) holes (qty/size) Lug kit Cable size diameter Lug Qty
Aluminum 115 or 15 UX71A (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1071G10 1/0-14 (1) 17/64 P125 7
150 30 UX72A (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1072G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 7
45 UX73A (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1072G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 7
500 DX79A (4) .563 dia (6) .563 dia 9T18Y1079G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 9
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 24
150 75 UY74A (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1074G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 3
UY04A 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 4
115 75 UX74A (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1074G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 3
350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 4
150 112.5 DY75A (1) .563 dia (2) .563 dia 9T18Y1075G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 7
150 DY76A (1) .563 dia (2) .563 dia 9T18Y1076G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 3
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 4
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 8
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 2
DY08A
600MCM-2 (1) 13/32 P600 6
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 24
115 112.5 DX75A (1) .563 dia (2) .563 dia 9T18Y1076G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 3
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 4
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 8
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 8
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 2
600MCM-2 (1) 13/32 P600 6
Copper 150 or 15 UX71C (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1071G10 1/0-14 (1) 17/64 P125 7
115 30 UX72C (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1072G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 7
45 UX73C (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1072G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 7
150 75 UY74C (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1074G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 3
350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 4
115 75 UX74C (2) .406 dia (2) .406 dia 9T18Y1074G10 250MCM-6 (1) 21/64 P250 3
350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 4
150 112.5 DY75C (1) .563 dia (2) .563 dia 9T18Y1075G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 7
150 DY76C (1) .563 dia (2) .563 dia 9T18Y1076G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 3
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 4
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 8
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 2
600MCM-2 (1) 13/32 P600 6
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 24
115 112.5 DX75C (1) .563 dia (2) .563 dia 9T18Y1075G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 7
150 DX76C (1) .563 dia (2) .563 dia 9T18Y1076G10 350MCM-6 (1) 13/32 P350 3
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 4
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 8
500MCM-4 (1) 13/32 P500 2
600MCM-2 (1) 13/32 P600 6
—
Enclosure parts
Enclosure kits Front/back panel Side panel Cover (top) panel

Frame size Catalog number Frame size Catalog number Frame size Catalog number Frame size Catalog number
UY04A 9T18Y1074 UY04A 9T18Y1074G03 UY04A 9T18Y1074G04 UY04A 9T18Y1074G05
UX71A 9T18Y1071 UX71A 9T18Y1071G03 UX71A 9T18Y1071G04 UX71A 9T18Y1071G05
UX71C 9T18Y1071 UX71C 9T18Y1071G03 UX71C 9T18Y1071G04 UX71C 9T18Y1071G05
UY74A 9T18Y1074 UY74A 9T18Y1074G03 UY74A 9T18Y1074G04 UY74A 9T18Y1074G05
UY74C 9T18Y1074 UY74C 9T18Y1074G03 UY74C 9T18Y1074G04 UY74C 9T18Y1074G05
DY08A 9T18Y1078 DY08A 9T18Y1078G03 DY08A 9T18Y1078G04 DY08A 9T18Y1078G05
DY75C 9T18Y1075 DY75C 9T18Y1075G03 DY75C 9T18Y1075G04 DY75C 9T18Y1074G05
DX75C 9T18Y1075 DX75C 9T18Y1075G03 DX75C 9T18Y1075G04 DX75C 9T18Y1074G05
DX75A 9T18Y1076 DX75A 9T18Y1076G03 DX75A 9T18Y1076G04 DX75A 9T18Y1076G05
COVER (TOP) COVER (TOP)

PANEL PANEL
SIDE PANEL SIDE PANEL
FRONT/BACK
PANEL
FRONT/BACK
PANEL
GRILL
BASE BOTTOM PAN

(NOT SHOWN)
ENCLOSURE KIT: 1 COVER + 2 SIDES + 2 FRONTS ENCLOSURE KIT: 1 COVER + 2 SIDES + 2 FRONTS
ENCLOSURE KIT: 1 COVER + 2 SIDES + 2 FRONTS ENCLOSURE KIT: 1 COVER + 2 SIDES + 2 FRONTS
This style enclosure is used with the following frames: This style enclosure is used with the following frames:
Frame size Frame size Frame size Frame size
UX71A DY75A DX76A DX78A
UX71C DY75C DX76C DX78C
UX72A DX75A DX77A DX79A
UX72C DX75C DX77C DX79C
UX73A DY76A DY77A YF175
UX73C DY76C DY77C YF176
UY74A YF171 DY78C YF177
UX74A YF172 DY78A YX175
UY74C YF173
UX74C YF174
—
Dimensions
Single-phase vented QL transformers (without packaging)

Product weights and dimensions Approx. dimensions (in.) Approx. Mounting feet dimensions Approx. weight (lb.)
Frame size Outline Drawing No. Height (in.) Width (in.) Depth (in.) Width (in.) Depth (in.) AL CU
YX171 303B409CAP071 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 320 350
YX172 303B409CAP072 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 460 510
XV173 303B409CAP073 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 490 500
YX174 303B409CAP074 42.2 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 600 750
YX175 303B409CAP075 37.4 32.4 28.5 30.6 23.0 950 NA
YX171 303B406AAP071 32.1 23.8 18.4 20.5 15.5 320 350
XV171 303B406AAP071 32.1 23.8 18.4 20.5 15.5 320 350
YF171 303B406AAP071 32.1 23.8 18.4 20.5 15.5 320 350
YF172 303B406AAP072 35.7 31.8 24.0 28.5 21.0 400 500
XV173 303B406AAP073 35.7 31.8 24.0 28.5 21.0 500 520
YX174 303B406AAP074 39.9 31.8 24.0 28.5 21.0 510 625
YF174 303B406AAP074 39.9 31.8 24.0 28.5 21.0 510 625
YF175 303B932AAP075 37.4 29.5 28.5 26.4 23.0 900 1050
YF176 303B932AAP076 45.5 38.5 33.0 35.2 27.0 1360 1675
YF177 303B932AAP077 45.5 38.5 33.0 35.2 27.0 1700 1960
YX177 303B932AAP077 45.5 38.5 33.0 35.2 27.0 1700 1960
3P QL Transformer
Three-phase, vented QL transformers (without packaging)
(front panel removed)
Includes General Purpose, K-factor, K-factor Low Noise,
Low Noise, Guard I™, Midtapped, Drive Isolation
Product weights and dimensions Enclosure approx. dimensions Mounting feet approx. dimensions Approx. weight (lb.)
Frame size Outline drawing no. Height (in.) Width (in.) Depth (in.) Width (in.) Depth (in.) AL AL-SS CU CU-SS
UX02C 303B111GEUXP02C 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 NA NA 271 291
UX71A 303B111GEUXP71A 29.3 21.2 16.9 20.0 13.8 231 251 NA NA
UX71C 303B111GEUXP71C 29.3 21.2 16.9 20.0 13.8 NA NA 230 250
UX72A 303B111GEUXP72A 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 330 350 NA NA
UX72C 303B111GEUXP72C 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 NA NA 353 373
UX73A 303B111GEUXP73A 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 444 464 NA NA
UX73C 303B111GEUXP73C 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 NA NA 480 500
UX74A 303B111GEUXP74A 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 603 623 NA NA
UX74C 303B111GEUXP74C 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 NA NA 748 768
UY04A 303B111GEUYP04A 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 555 575 NA NA
UY14A 303B111GEUYP14A 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 513 518 NA NA
UY14C 303B111GEUYP14C 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 NA NA 566 571
UY72A 303B111GEUYP72A 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 297 317 NA NA
UY73A 303B111GEUYP73A 34.7 26.2 18.4 25.1 15.3 363 383 NA NA
UY74A 303B111GEUYP74A 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 561 581 NA NA
UY74C 303B111GEUYP74C 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 NA NA 661 681
DX74C 303B111GEDXP74C 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 NA NA 680 NA
DX75A 303B111GEDXP75A 45.8 37.3 24.0 36.3 21.0 830 850 NA NA
DX75C 303B111GEDXP75C 42.2 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 NA NA 900 980
DX76C 303B111GEDXP76C 45.8 37.3 24.0 36.3 21.0 NA NA 1240 1260
DY05A 303B111GEDYP05A 42.2 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 703 783 NA NA
DY75A 303B111GEDYP75A 42.2 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 680 760 NA NA
DY05C 303B111GEDYP05C 42.2 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 NA NA 837 842
DY75C 303B111GEDYP75C 42.2 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 NA NA 790 870
DY76A 303B111GEDYP76A 45.8 37.3 24.0 36.3 21.0 1030 1050 NA NA
DY76C 303B111GEDYP76C 45.8 37.3 24.0 36.3 21.0 NA NA 1085 1105
XV374 303B113GECAP074 35.7 34.3 24.0 33.1 21.0 610 NA 710 NA
DX76A 303B112GEDXP76A 47.4 41.4 33.0 39.6 27.0 1250 NA NA NA
DY17A 303B112GEDYP17A 47.4 41.4 33.6 39.6 27.0 1190 NA NA NA
DY77C 303B112GEDYP77C 47.4 41.4 33.0 39.6 27.0 NA NA 1610 NA
DY78C 303B112GEDYP78C 57.1 41.4 33.0 39.6 27.0 NA NA 1970 NA
Single-phase vented QL transformers (with packaging)

Product weights and dimensions Approx. dimensions (in.) Approx. weight (lb.)
Frame size Outline Drawing No. Height (in.) Width (in.) Depth (in.) AL CU
YX171 303B409CAP071 40.9 30.0 30.0 367 397
YX172 303B409CAP072 41.8 38.0 30.0 515 565
XV173 303B409CAP073 41.8 38.0 30.0 545 555
YX174 303B409CAP074 47.8 38.0 30.0 656 806
H
YX175 303B409CAP075 52.5 36.0 31.0 987 NA
YX171 303B406AAP071 38.3 26.5 30.0 362 392
XV171 303B406AAP071 38.3 26.5 30.0 362 392
YF171 303B406AAP071 38.3 26.5 30.0 362 392
YF172 303B406AAP072 41.8 34.5 30.0 448 548
XV173 303B406AAP073 41.8 34.5 30.0 548 568
YX174 303B406AAP074 45.4 34.5 30.0 561 676 W D
YF174 303B406AAP074 45.4 34.5 30.0 561 676
YF175 303B932AAP075 52.5 32.0 30.0 925 1075
YF176 303B932AAP076 59.6 47.8 41.5 1431 1746
YF177 303B932AAP077 59.6 47.8 41.5 1771 2031
YX177 303B932AAP077 59.6 47.8 41.5 1771 2031
Three-phase, vented QL transformers (with packaging)

Includes General Purpose, K-factor, K-factor Low Noise,
Low Noise, Guard I™, Midtapped, Drive Isolation
Product weights and dimensions Approx. dimensions (in.) Approx. weight (lb.)
Frame size Outline drawing no. Height (in) Width (in.) Depth (in.) AL AL-SS CU CU-SS
UX02C 303B111GEUXP02C 40.9 30.0 30.0 NA NA 271 291
UX71A 303B111GEUXP71A 35.1 25.0 30.3 231 251 NA NA
UX71C 303B111GEUXP71C 35.1 25.0 30.3 NA NA 230 250
UX72A 303B111GEUXP72A 40.9 30.0 30.0 330 350 NA NA
UX72C 303B111GEUXP72C 40.9 30.0 30.0 NA NA 353 373
UX73A 303B111GEUXP73A 40.9 30.0 30.0 444 464 NA NA
UX73C 303B111GEUXP73C 40.9 30.0 30.0 NA NA 480 500
UX74A 303B111GEUXP74A 41.8 38.0 30.0 603 623 NA NA
UX74C 303B111GEUXP74C 41.8 38.0 30.0 NA NA 748 768
UY04A 303B111GEUYP04A 41.8 38.0 30.0 555 575 NA NA
UY14A 303B111GEUYP14A 41.8 38.0 30.0 513 518 NA NA
UY14C 303B111GEUYP14C 41.8 38.0 30.0 NA NA 566 571
UY72A 303B111GEUYP72A 40.9 30.0 30.0 297 317 NA NA
UY73A 303B111GEUYP73A 40.9 30.0 30.0 363 383 NA NA
UY74A 303B111GEUYP74A 41.8 38.0 30.0 561 581 NA NA
UY74C 303B111GEUYP74C 41.8 38.0 30.0 NA NA 661 681
DX74C 303B111GEDXP74C 41.8 38.0 30.0 NA NA 680 NA
DX75A 303B111GEDXP75A 52.0 41.0 30.0 830 850 NA NA
DX75C 303B111GEDXP75C 47.8 38.0 30.0 NA NA 900 980
DX76C 303B111GEDXP76C 52.0 41.0 30.0 NA NA 1240 1260
DY05A 303B111GEDYP05A 47.8 38.0 30.0 703 783 NA NA
DY75A 303B111GEDYP75A 47.8 38.0 30.0 680 760 NA NA
DY05C 303B111GEDYP05C 47.8 38.0 30.0 NA NA 837 842
DY75C 303B111GEDYP75C 47.8 38.0 30.0 NA NA 790 870
DY76A 303B111GEDYP76A 52.0 41.0 30.0 1030 1050 NA NA
DY76C 303B111GEDYP76C 52.0 41.0 30.0 NA NA 1085 1105
XV374 303B113GECAP074 41.8 38.0 30.0 610 NA 710 NA
DX76A 303B112GEDXP76A 59.6 47.8 41.5 1250 NA NA NA
DY17A 303B112GEDYP17A 59.6 47.8 41.5 1190 NA NA NA
DY77C 303B112GEDYP77C 59.6 47.8 41.5 NA NA 1610 NA
DY78C 303B112GEDYP78C 66.8 49.0 42.8 NA NA 1970 NA
— —
Selecting a transformer? Glossary
Key questions to ask BIL Rating - Basic Impulse Level; Indicates ability to withstand
lightning strikes or high surge voltage exposure
What is the kVA?
The maximum apparent power capacity of the transformer to
Core - Laminated iron or steel-alloy ring which windings are
deliver to its electrical loads, expressed as a number such as,
wound around; Windings may be AL or CU
2, 15, 50 or 500 as examples.
Coil - The windings of the transformer made of insulated

What is the primary voltage?
copper or aluminum conductors
The input voltage feeding the transformer, typically
expressed as a number such as 480 followed by a V (480 V).
Frequency - The AC power cycles per second that the coil is
designed to operate expressed in Hz – all 50 Hz can operate at
What is the secondary voltage?
60 Hz but not the other way around!
The voltage(s) of the transformer that supply power to the
electrical loads. Often shown as a power system such as a
xx% Imp - The amount of internal impedance at the frequency
WYE (Y). 208Y/120 is common meaning both 208 volts and 120
rating of the transformer, will determine available short circuit
volts can be delivered to electrical loads.
current and determine the voltage drop at full load. It is used
to help size the circuit interrupting devices
What is the frequency?
The periodic sinusoidal current delivered to the electrical
Insulation Class (rating) - The maximum allowable
loads and supplied to the primary of the transformer. In the
temperature at any one point within the transformer (hot
United States 60 Hz is common according to ANSI C84.1
spot) that will give adequate life (≈20 years) before
standard.
degradation starts.
Are Taps required?

kVA - (kilo-volt-ampere) Capacity of the transformer; defined
For example: +2, -4: 2.5%
as Output Voltage x Full-Load Output Current – how much
power can it provide
What type of winding?
Aluminum or Copper
Taps - Selectable, during installation, primary coil lead
connections to accommodate supply voltages higher or lower
What is the required temperature rise?
than nominal that will provide the nameplate output or
80 °C, 115 °C, 150 °C
secondary voltage. Available in 2.5% increments of primary’s
normal voltage rating
Are there non-linear loads?
If yes, use K-factor transformer. As a general rule, if 50% of the
Noise - Audible rating is given in decibels (abbreviated dB);
loads are expected to be non-linear, choose a K4 transformer.
Typical noise ranges are from 45 to 95 dB
If the expected loads are beyond 50%, recommend a K13
transformer.
Winding Temperature - The average temperature above
ambient (40 °C) over time of that the coil (windings) will
Are lower audible noise transformers required?
produce while operating at full load
If yes, use Low Noise
What is the environment where the unit will be operating?

Indoor, Outdoor, Dusty, etc.
—
Information annex
Differences between Cu and Al transformer
As an example, any current induces an electromagnetic force
It is a common belief that copper coil transformers have
on the windings. The electromagnetic force is increased with
greater efficiency than an aluminum coil transformer, since
the square of the current. This means that in a short circuit
the electrical conductivity of copper is greater than aluminum.
event, the current is about 15 times the rated current, the
This common belief is not totally true. While copper does have
forces induced at the windings are 237 times the force induced
better conductivity characteristics than aluminum,
at full load conditions.
transformer designs must meet minimum efficiency ratings
regardless of the metal used in its coils. However, there are
Therefore, specifying copper conductors for a transformer
some factors to consider regarding the coil winding materials
coil construction has its benefits for specific applications like
beyond efficiency ratings.
switch-mode power supply (non-linear) loads. However, the
additional costs and weight for such a transformer must be
Copper coil transformers are heavier, and copper is
carefully considered. Aluminum coil transformers are an
significantly a more expensive metal than aluminum. On the
excellent choice for general purpose applications providing
other hand, copper coil windings exhibit better withstand
consistent performance over time with a long operational life.
capabilities with short circuit events and vibration. This
Both Aluminum and Copper coil transformers will provide the
short circuit withstand capability can be an appreciable
same efficiency ratings required by standards and law.
characteristic for applications where temporary short circuit
loads can occur such as supplying power to numerous switch-
mode power supplies.
Switch-mode power supplies in their normal operation

generate transient short circuits during commutation
(switching). These are not solid or “bolted” short circuits
rather they are known as “high resistance” short circuits.
These same transient short circuits induce electromechanical
forces and vibrations within the winding which are better
supported using copper conductors for the transformer coils.
Typical 6-pulse SMPS sine wave signature
Amplitude
Line notch
Line to Line voltage
240 360
Degree
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 270 300 330 390
Transient short circuits

—
Information annex (cont.)
—
Structural Integrity
Bus bar
Clamp
Core
Taps
Coil Winding
Bus bar
Core
Ground Strap
White paper: Reverse feeding low voltage dry step-down transformer and install it in reverse fashion
type transformers (reverse feed). If permitted by local codes and allowed by the
authority having jurisdiction, it is generally acceptable to
Abstract reverse feed (or back-feed) a transformer. Considering the
Reverse feeding transformers has been a practice in the elec- complexities of a reverse-feed transformer installation, the
trical industry for many years. While possible and to a point, electrical contractor owns the complete installation.
successful, reverse feeding a transformer presents technical
issues that should not be overlooked. Several key transformer Nevertheless, there are several issues that must be considered
attributes are compromised when reverse-feeding a dry type before reverse feeding a step-down transformer. This paper
transformer. Therefore, the most reliable installation is to in- discusses a reverse-feed application and presents the
stall a transformer designed for its application. Nevertheless, technical challenges from reverse feeding a low voltage dry
the quick restoration of interrupted power may lead toward type transformer.
the installation of a transformer by reverse feeding. This paper
presents some technical issues that must be considered with Structural integrity
reverse feeding a low voltage dry type transformer. As an electromagnetic machine, the transformer “machine”
has no moving parts to transfer energy, this energy transfer is
Introduction accomplished through electromagnetism using the magnetic
General purpose dry type transformers rated 600 volts and flux that is inherent in the transformer core. The magnetic flux
below are used for supplying appliance, lighting, and various has a limit or saturation point of its flux density. When the flux
linear and/or non-linear loads within an electrical distribution density exceeds or “saturates”, the magnetic properties of the
system. These transformers are used to convert the facility transformer core degrade exponentially causing excessive
distribution voltage to the load’s utilization voltage. Most energy loss, higher core vibrations that presents greater
general purpose transformers are used in stepdown stress on the insulation system which could cause premature
applications. The most used polyphase transformer in the failure, appreciable audible noise from those vibrations will be
United States has a 480 volt threephase delta primary and a easily heard and the entire core & coil of the transformer will
208/120 volt three-phase, four-wire, wye secondary. This is experience higher than designed operating temperatures. All
known as a Delta-Wye transformer. Step-up transformers are these factors alone should be a concern as the expected
available, but because step-up applications are rare these transformer life of 20-30 years of operation could be
transformers are not typically stocked. So, step-up dramatically reduced.
transformers are mostly built-to-order and construction can
take six weeks or longer. Voltage taps
A standard step-down transformer usually contains taps on
When there is an immediate need for a non-stock step-up the input (primary) side, placing the taps on the primary side
transformer, it has been a common practice to use an in-stock is called out in the NEMA ST-20 (sec. 2.1) transformer
—
standard. Lowering the primary side taps will increase rated full load current of the transformer. For a specified input
secondary voltage and raising the primary taps will lower the voltage and VA rating, the inrush current for a reverse fed
secondary voltage. When a transformer is reverse fed, the taps step-down transformer will be greater than the inrush current
move to the output side and so their operation is reversed. For for a transformer specifically designed and installed as a
reverse fed applications, raising the taps will increase output step-up transformer.
voltage and lowering the taps will lower output voltage.
To illustrate, assume that a standard ABB 9T10A1004 step-
The primary purpose of these taps is to match the input rating down transformer will be used in a step-up application. This
of the transformer to the actual voltage applied to the primary transformer is rated 75 kVA, 60 Hz, 480 volt three-phase delta
terminals to provide the output (secondary) voltage that most primary and 208/120 volt three-phase, four-wire, wye
closely matches the load requirement. The taps must be used secondary. This transformer also contains six (6) 2.5% voltage
with care since no-load or low-load conditions combined with taps on the primary (480 volt) side, 2 taps above nominal and
variance in the utility service voltage can cause an over- 4 taps below nominal. For reverse feeding application, the
excitation of the winding, resulting in higher than rated core secondary is to be operated step-up (208 VAC input to 480
loss and excitation current. This is generally not a serious VAC output).
concern unless the over-voltage exceeds 5%. For reverse feed
applications, the taps are positioned at the output side and so The installer may discover that the primary side overcurrent
cannot be used to correct for over-excitation. protection, having been properly selected and applied per
Article 450 (Table 450.3) of the National Electrical Code,
There is a fine line with the voltage taps and reverse feeding nevertheless operates (trips) when attempting to energize the
which should arise a concern as misapplication could cause reverse operated transformer.
premature transformer failure or other adverse effects such as
over-heating and excessive vibration that causes noise and This tripping phenomenon can occur because the low
excessive wear on the insulation system. impedance winding (the 208Y/120 VAC winding) that was
intended by design to be the secondary winding, now serves
Compensated windings as the primary and the value of the magnetizing inrush current
Voltage drop across transformers increases with load. At no- (Mag-I) is much greater than expected.
load a transformer’s primary: secondary voltage ratio may
exactly match the winding turns ratio. At full-load the same The Mag-I experienced when energizing transformers is like
transformer’s secondary voltage could be 3- 4% less than the the inrush current associated with motor starting. The
turns ratio would dictate. The transformer winding turns ratio primary and secondary full load amps of the above referenced
can be compensated to correct for this phenomenon. transformer are 90 amps @ 480 VAC and 208 amps @ 208
Smaller (less than 3 kVA) transformers commonly have VAC. When connected as the intended design as a step-down
compensated windings. Winding turns ratios are transformer and energized at 480 VAC, the maximum peak
compensated so that a 3-4% over-voltage exists at no-load, inrush current is approximately 990 amps or 11 times the rated
but nominal secondary voltage is available at full load. Some 90 amp primary winding full load current. But when connected
manufacturers build larger transformers (>10 kVA) with in reverse and energized at 208 VAC, the maximum peak inrush
compensated windings, although this is not a common current can reach 7700 amps or 37 times the rated 208 amp
practice due to the extra costs involved in manufacturing such secondary winding full load current (7700/208 ≈ 37). To
a transformer. accommodate this high inrush current without the nuisance
tripping of the overcurrent protective device, the input (208
When transformers with compensated windings are reverse VAC side) overcurrent protective device must be sized at a
fed, the compensation is reversed. As a result, the transformer higher value than the allowed National Electric Code Article
voltage drop will be 3- 4% at no-load and 6-8% at full load. The 450. Clearly, in this case, a National Electric Code violation
transformer’s taps may be able to correct for this additional (adopted by most state electrical codes), would occur creating
voltage drop, but extra caution is required to have a a potential fire hazard at best and safety concern at worst.
transformer installation that provides the correct voltages.
Grounding
Inrush currents When the secondary (wye) of a delta- wye transformer is
Upon energization, transformers will draw a high inrush energized instead of the primary (delta), then the wye side of
current for a brief period (typically 0.1 seconds or less). The the transformer is not a separately derived service according
inrush current can be on the order of eight to twelve times the the National Electric Code Article 250. As such, the neutral
—
should not be connected to building ground nor should it be Grounding – an essential installation requirement. The reverse
bonded to the transformer enclosure. The delta side of the feed of a Delta-Wye transformer no longer allows the neutral
transformer becomes the output, which is the separately of the Wye portion of the transformer to be used as a
derived system. The output delta “B” phase should be tied to grounding means as a separately derived source. The
ground unless the facility distribution system utilizes a separately derived source becomes the Delta side and extra
different grounding scheme. As with compensation taps, caution needs to be considered when grounding a delta
extra caution is required as a wrong installation could prove to transformer to prevent imbalances and short circuit currents
become a safety hazard. issues.
Corner grounding a delta transformer presents different Local codes – always review applicable codes and standards
overcurrent protection device challenges. The IEEE 3004.5 along with consulting the local authority having jurisdiction
standard Sec. 5.4.2 (Fig 13) should be referenced along with (AHJ) before reverse feeding transformers.
the National Electric Code Art. 450 to understand the
overcurrent protection challenges and requirements. Considering the explanation and for permanent installations,
ABB recommends that transformers be specified and installed
CONCLUSION to match the installation requirements. However, in temporary
Standard step-down transformers may be reverse fed for installations to resolve immediate power issues, a step-down
step-up applications but there are several significant transformer can be successfully installed in reverse. The
precautions that must be considered (not all inclusive): specifier, installer and inspector must understand the
technical challenges and compromises presented, the
Structural integrity – by reverse feeding the step down potential code related issues, and the potential safety
transformer, extra stresses will be applied to the transformer concerns of the installation. ABB manufactures step-up
for which it was not designed to handle. Great care is needed transformers and these are available from ABB as made-to-
to assure that these thermal and mechanical compromises are order items. Critical factors (but not all possible) to consider
worth the reverse feed installation. when specifying a low voltage dry type transformer are:
Voltage taps – the over-excitation with its extra core loss • Primary (supply) voltage and system (Delta or Wye) – most
(lower efficiency rating) must be considered if a reverse feed common is Delta 480 V.
application is required. Lower installed efficiency values could • Secondary (Load) voltage and system (Wye or Delta) – most
violate the US Federal Regulation 10 CFR 431 (DOE) or the CSA common is Wye 208/120
802.2 (NRCan) laws. The function of the taps becomes a • Load profile – linear and/or non-linear loads (50% or more of
greater challenge as the taps no longer match the primary non-linear loads, consider a K-Factor transformer)
voltage to the secondary, rather it does this voltage matching • Amount of energy required for the loads – (kVA) – also known
in reverse. (the nameplate does not provide guidance to this as the transformer’s capacity
usage). • The acceptable temperature rise – 150 °C being the most
common, lower temperatures are available
Higher inrush current – the higher inrush currents that will • The maximum ambient temperature – 40 °C being the most
occur in reverse feeding, will likely violate the overcurrent common, equatorial, or desert areas may require a higher
protection device requirements of the National Electric Code ambient temperature, usually 50 °C.
Article 450. Proper overcurrent protection is a requirement in • Coil Material – Copper or Aluminum
most municipalities, a properly sized overcurrent protective • Special Requirements, such as installation location, imped-
device will likely trip each time the transformer is energized. ance, presence of harmonics, electrostatic shielding, lower
audible noise required, special approvals, etc.
Compensated windings - Transformers with compensated
Reference materials
windings (most do not have compensated windings) will have IEEE C57.96: IEEE Guide for Loading Dry Type Distribution and Power Transformers
output voltage 3-4% below nominal at no-load and 6-8%
NEMA ST-20: Dry Type Transformers for General Applications
below nominal at full load. The transformer’s taps may be able
IEEE C57.12.01: IEEE Standard for General Requirements for Dry Type Distribution and
to correct for this under-voltage condition, but extra caution Power Transformers
is required to have a transformer installation that provides the IEEE C57.105: IEEE Guide for Application of Transformer Connections in Three-Phase
correct voltages. Electrical Systems
NFPA 70 – National Electric Code
IEEE 3004.5: IEEE Recommended Practice for the Application of Low Voltage Circuit
Breakers in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
—
ABB Inc.
305 Gregson Drive
Cary, NC 27511
electrification.us.abb.com
1TQC1935E0001 ES REV.D DEC 2023
—
We reserve the right to make technical We reserve all rights in this document and in
changes or modify the contents of this the subject matter and illustrations
document without prior notice. With regard contained therein. Any reproduction,
to purchase orders, the agreed particulars disclosure to third parties or utilization of
shall prevail. ABB Inc. does not accept any its contents – in whole or in parts – is
responsibility whatsoever for potential forbidden without prior written consent of
errors or possible lack of information in ABB Inc. © 2023 ABB. All rights reserved.
this document.

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Low voltage general purpose

• Commonly used reference tables

General purpose ventilated DOE 2016

This page left blank intentionally.

Introduction Construction – Type QL

NEMA enclosure ratings Transformer impedance

Insulation systems Key to the chart

Type QL insulation system

Loss in watts Efficiency (T rise +20)

Weight (lb.) Loss in watts Efficiency (T rise +20)

Sound levels Average sound level, decibels

If lower sound levels are needed or desired, -3 dB and -5 dB

Electrostatic shielding Nomenclature

DOE 2016 catalog number nomenclature

Temp rise rating only G01 or blank G31 G61

1 = K13 2 = 30 kVA -3 dB noise reduction G02 G32 G62

Three-phase common voltages Three-phase common voltages Three-phase common voltages

Mounting and placement Cable conduit entrance / lugs

be sized to permit locating transformers with sufficient

Cleaning and maintenance Maintenance

Cleaning • NEMA ST-20: Dry Type Transformers for General Applications

Transformer winding (also known as coil)

Seismic testing Using AC156 procedures, third party engineering evaluation

Enclosure type & NEMA IEEE-693

Tests Insulation resistance tests

NOTE 2: Insulation resistances may vary with applied voltage,

TYPICAL TEST DATA

MODEL #: 9T10A1004 Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Listed

REGULATION: REFERENCE VALUES:

Stainless steel parts

Single-phase lug kits

Three-phase lug kits

Enclosure kits Front/back panel Side panel Cover (top) panel

COVER (TOP) COVER (TOP)

SIDE PANEL SIDE PANEL

BASE BOTTOM PAN

Single-phase vented QL transformers (without packaging)

Single-phase vented QL transformers (with packaging)

Three-phase, vented QL transformers (with packaging)

Coil - The windings of the transformer made of insulated

Are Taps required?

What is the environment where the unit will be operating?

Switch-mode power supplies in their normal operation

Typical 6-pulse SMPS sine wave signature

Line to Line voltage

Transient short circuits

NFPA 70 – National Electric Code

1TQC1935E0001 ES REV.D DEC 2023

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