IT340 - Programming Language Design Concepts3
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jathurshanm3IT340 - Programming Language Design Concepts3
Uploaded by
jathurshanm3Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology
B.Sc. Honours Degree in Information Technology
Specialized in Information Technology
Final Examination
Year 3, Semester 1 (20 19)
IT340 - Programming Language Design Concepts
Duration: 3 Hours
June 2019
Instructions to Candidates:
+ This paper has 3 questions.
+ Answer all questions in the booklet given.
+ The total marks for the paper is 100.
+ This paper contains 6 pages, including the cover page.
+ Electronic devices capable of storing and retrieving text, including
calculators and mobile phones are not allowed.
1
Question 1 (35 Marks)
a) State the Zero-One-Infinity programming principle and specify an example \\here the principle
has been \'iolated with an example
(5 Marks)
b) Write the BNF grammar for the following Syntax graphs. (6 Marks)
i)
ii)
c) Draw syntax graph for the following BNF grammar rules.
a.) <expr> ::=<factor> <opr> <expr> I <factor> ( -J. marks)
b) <digits> -7 <digit > I <digits> ( -J. marks)
2
Question 2 (40 Marks)
a) Write four features of pure logical programming languages (4 marks)
b) State four applications of logic programming (4 marks)
c) Given the following kno\vledge base :
dog (tony).
dog (rosy) .
cat (kitty).
cat (fluffy).
person(sujeepan).
person(amali).
person(binthuran).
person (dinuka).
person(perera).
film(mi3, action).
film(davinchicode, mystery).
film(harrypoter, children).
film(doom, action).
likes(aravinda, amali)
likes (aravinda, tony).
likes(aravinda, mystery).
likes (pradeepa, kitty).
likes (pradeepa, action) .
likes(sujeepan, mystery)
likes(kamal, fluffy).
likes (kamal, tony).
likes(kamal, children).
\Vatches(X. Y) :- likes(X. Z). film (Y. Z).
(i) Determine the output of the following queries
a. ? dog (X) .
b. ? likes ( aravinda, pradeepa
c. ? likes I X, mystery)
:::i. ? o"Jatches ( kamal , harrypo~er I
)
e. ? likes(kama_:_, \
~y~
~ I
( 5 marks)
4
(ii) Defme a rule called animal()
e.g. animal (X)
X is an animal
Hint : x. is either a cat or a dog (4 marks)
(iii) Define a rule called likecats()
e.g. likecats (X)
X likes cats
Hint: Pradeepa likes Kitty (4 marks)
d) Consider the following rules and facts. Find the goal ··loves( Who. What) ...
cat ( fubby) .
black_spots(fubby).
dog (figaro).
white_spots(figaro).
black spots(toby).
owns(mary, Pet):- cat(Pet), black_spots(Pet)
loves(Who, What) :-owns(Who, What). (5 marks)
e) Given the following knowledge base and find the output of the following queries
female (amy).
female(johnette)
male(anthony).
male(bruce).
male (ogden) .
parentof(amy,johnette).
parentof(amy,anthony).
parentof(amy,bruce).
parentof(ogden,johnette).
parentof(ogden,anthony).
parentof(ogden,bruce).
Siblingof(X,Y) :- parentof(Z,X) ,parentof~z,·r: ,){ \~
brother of (X, Y ) : - parent of ( Z , X) , rna l e ( X ) , parent of ( Z , -~ ; , X \ = ,- .
I. ?-female (Amy). (2 marks)
II. ?- brotherof (anthon) .X). (2 marks)
III. '?- parentot1ogden.johnette) (2 marks)
IV. '?- siblingof(Y Johnette) (2 marks)
V. '?- male(X) (2 marks)
VI. '?- parentof( ogden. bruce). (2 marks)
VII. '? -brotherof{X. johnctte) (2 marks)
5
Question 3 (20 marks)
a) Write the output ofthe following statements considering
S =[·Minion·. 'Dora·. 10. 4587] (5 Marks)
i. s [-3]
ii. S[l : -1]
iii. S[2] +55
i v. 2 *S [ : 3 ] + [ 'N emo' ]
v. s [ 0]
b) Consider the declared string and ans\\ er the following questions. (5 marks)
B ='programming language design concepts'
a)8[-5]
b)8[1 : -1]
c)8[0] + 8[12] + 8[21] +8[28]
d) 8 [0]
e)8[2:5]
c) Consider the tuple Tup = ("Kandy ... 20.5. 87 ... 10.7'") in python and provide answers for the
Following questions.
I. Write a statement to print all the elements starting from the second element. ( 3 marks)
II. Write a statement to modify the \alue 87 so that ifs Yalues is increased by t\\O.
(2 marks)
d) Write a prolog function called half list that takes a list as input and returns a list which
Contains the halves of each of the elements in the original list. (5 marks)
