Question 1

a. Show the following differential equation is exact and solve:

(4x – 2y + 5)dx – (2x – 2y)dy = 0.

b. Solve the following separable differential equation:

4 3
(x – 4)y dx – x y 2  3 dy = 0.

c. Solve the following first-order linear differential equation:

dy 6 x
x – 5y = 3x e .
dx

Question 2
a. Consider the following differential equation

y(x + y + 1)dx + (x + 2y)dy = 0

i) Show that the differential equation is not exact.

x
ii) Show that e is an integrating factor for the differential equation.
iii) Hence find the general solution of the differential equation, with initial conditions
‫ݕ‬ሺͲሻ ൌ ͳ.
b. Solve the following Bernoulli differential equation
݀‫ ݕ ݕʹ ݕ‬ଶ
െ ൌ ଶ
݀‫ݔ‬ ‫ݔ‬ ‫ݔ‬

c. Show that the differential equation below can be put into the form
§ y·
yc = f ¨ ¸
©x¹
and hence, solve it as an homogeneous equation.
2
x dy + x 2  xy  y 2 dx = 0.

MTH220 Page 2 of 7
Question 3
a. Use the method of undetermined coefficients to solve the differential equation:
2x.
y s – 4y = e .

b. Redo a. using the D-operator method to find the particular solution y p , of the differential
equation.

c. Find a particular solution, y p , for the differential equation in part a. using the method of

variation of parameters.

Question 4
a. i. Let f(t) = e5t.
Use the definition of the Laplace transform to find the Laplace transform of f(t).

ii. Use the integral transformation formula to find the function f(t), whose Laplace
transform is
7
2
.
s s 9

iii. Use the s-shifting formula to find the function f(t), whose Laplace transform is
2
5 .
s3
b. Solve the differential equation
y ' ' y sin 2t , y (0) 0, y ' (0) 1, using Laplace transforms.

MTH220 Page 3 of 7
Question 5

a. i) An object is said to be in Simple Harmonic motion if its equation of motion can be

ௗమ௫
expressed in the form, ‫ݔ‬ሷ ൌ െ݊ଶ ‫ݔ‬, where మ ൌ ‫ݔ‬ሷ . Show that the motion represented by
ௗ௧
the equation ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ʹܿ‫ ݐ͵ݏ݋‬െ ͷ‫ ݐ͵݊݅ݏ‬is Simple Harmonic.
ସ
ii) Find the rate of increase of the volume of a sphere ሺܸ ൌ ߨ‫ ݎ‬ଷ ሻ if the radius is
ଷ
increasing at a rate of 2 mm per second when the radius is 15 mm.

b. Find the radius of convergence and the interval of convergence for the power series
f
(1) n ( x  3) n
¦
n 0 4n
.

[Note: You must test each end-point.]

c. Evaluate:
3
i. * §¨  ·¸ ii. *(3.3)
© 2¹

Question 6
a. i. Find a recurrence relation for the power series solution in powers of x for the differential
equation
y s + xy c + y = 0.

ii. Write out the first six non-zero terms of this series.

b. Classify the singular points for the following differential eqation:

x 3 x  1 y cc  x( x  1) y c  xy 0.

c. Show that the differential equation 2 xy ' ' y ' xy 0 has a regular singular point at x 0.
Determine its indicial equation and its roots.

MTH220 Page 4 of 7
 Answers to sample exam

Question 1
(a)
∂ ∂
(−2x + 2y) = (4x − 2y + 5) = −2.
∂x ∂y
Solution: 
1 1 − (2 x + 5)2 C 2
y (x) = x ±
2 C
(b)
1 2 1 1
− + 2 = − + 3 + C.
x x y y
(c)
y = 3x5 ex + x5 C.

(d)

Question 2
(a) i)
∂ ∂
(x + 2y) = y(x + y + 1).
∂x ∂y
ii)
∂ ∂ x
(x + 2y)ex = e y(x + y + 1) = ex (x + 2y + 1).
∂x ∂y
iii)
1  1x √ 2 x  1
y (x) = − xe 2 ± x e + 4 e− 2 x
2
(b)
x2
y (x) =
C −x
(c)
 2
 y y
y = −1 + − .
x x
Solution:
y = −x tan(ln x + C)

1
Question 3
(a)
1
y = A exp(−2x) + B exp(2x) + x exp(2x)
4
(b)

(c)
1
yp = x exp(2x).
4

Question 4
(a) i.  ∞
1
L[f ](s) = e5t e−ts dt = .
0 s−5
ii.
7 7
y(t) = − cos(3t).
9 9
iii.
1 4 3t
te
12
(b)
5 1
y(t) = sin(t) − sin(2t).
3 3

Question 5
(a) i) Need to check that x = 2 cos 3t − 5 sin 3t satisfies the equation

d2 x
2
= −n2 x
dt
for some n. In this case n = 3.
ii)
1800π mm3 /s.

(b)
R = 4, (−1, 7)

(c) i)
4√
π
3
ii) 2.68344

2
Question 6
(a) i)
an
an+2 = − ,
n+2
ii)
1 1 1 1
y(x) = a0 + a1 x − a0 x2 − a1 x3 + a0 x4 + a1 x5 + . . .
2 3 8 15
(b) Singular points: x = 0 - irregular, x = 1 - regular.

(c)
1 1
p= , q= .
2x 2
2
Both xp and x q are analytic functions, thus x = 0 is a regular singular point. The indicial
equation is r(r − 1) + 12 r = 0 or r(r − 12 ) = 0. The roots of this equation are

1
r = 0, r = .
2