CSEC Chem Paper 2 2024 June (suggested responses)

Q1. a) Rate of reaction is change in concentration of product or reactant over time taken [1 mark]
OR Quantity of product formed
Total time taken
OR the quantity of product formed per unit time
b) (i) Na2S2O3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) → 2NaCl (aq) + SO2 (g) + S (s) + H2O (l)
formulae correct [1 mark] balanced [1 mark] state symbols [1 mark] Max = 2 marks
(ii) Test: acidified potassium dichromate paper placed in gas [1 mark]
Observation: turns from orange to green [1 mark]
(iii) molar mass SO2 = 32+(2x16)=64 g [1 mark]
22 400 cm3 = 1 mol = 64 g SO2 [1 mark]
50 cm3 = (64 / 22400) x 50 g = 0.14 g [1 mark]
c) i) 3 14.0 40 ii) 0.025
4 20.5 24 0.042
5 27.0 15 0.067
6 33.0 11 0.091 5 correct temperature readings = [5 marks]
7 35.5 10 0.100 5 correctly calculated rates = [5 marks]
d) i) All 5 points correctly plotted = [4 marks], 4 points correctly plotted = 3 marks,
3 points correctly plotted = 2 marks, 2 points correctly plotted = 1 mark
Smooth curve = [1 mark]

ii) As temperature increased [1 mark] the rate of reaction increased [1 mark]

CSEC Chem Paper 2 2024 June (suggested responses)
Q2. a) i) Atomic number is the number of protons in an atom / nucleus of an atom [1 mark]
ii) Mass number is the number of protons plus neutrons in an atom / nucleus of an atom [1 mark]
iii) Isotopes are atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons [1 mark]
but a different number of neutrons [1 mark]
OR atoms of the same element which have the same atomic number [1 mark]
but a different mass number [1 mark]

b) 6 electrons in each atom [1 mark] orbitals overlap [1 mark]

2 pairs of electrons shared • and x [1 mark]
c) Uses of radioactive isotopes treatment of cancer / kill cancer cells AND / OR in pacemakers AND / OR
as tracers AND / OR dating of ancient artifacts AND / OR generation of electricity Any 3 = 3 marks
d) C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) formulae correct [1 mark] state symbols [1 mark]
e) 2C (s) + O2 (g) → 2CO (g) formulae correct [1 mark] balanced [1 mark] state symbols [1 mark]

Q3. a) i) Source: petroleum / crude oil OR natural gas OR coal OR bio gas [1 mark]
ii) Uses of alkane: fuel [1 mark] AND solvent [1 mark]
b) i) A, C5H12 : 5 carbon skeleton [1 mark] ii) B, C6H14 : 6 carbon skeleton [1 mark]
12 hydrogen atoms with single bonds [1 mark] 14 hydrogen atoms with single bonds [1 mark]
H H H H H H H H H H H
| | | | | | | | | | |
H–C– C–C–C–C–H H–C–C–C–C–C–C–H
| | | | | | | | | | |
H H H H H H H H H H H
c) i) Any four [4 marks]
General characteristics of a homologous series:
All members have the same functional group.
All members have the same general formula.
All members have the same chemical properties
As the series is ascended the physical properties (m.p., b.p.) of members gradually change / increase.
Members differ from preceding and succeeding members by CH2
ii) homologous series: Alkanes [1 mark]
d) 2C6H14 (l) + 19O2 (g) → 12CO2 (g)+ 14H2O (l) formulae [1 mark] balanced [1 mark] state symbols [1 mark]

Q4. a) i) Metallic bonding: (Electrons in the outer shell of metal atoms are lost to form) cations [1 mark]
(The electrons surround the cations as) a sea of electrons / cloud of electrons [1 mark]
ii) Metals conduct in solid state because the electrons in the sea of electrons are mobile. [1 mark]
iii) Harmful effects of lead: damage to the nervous system / mental retardation / reduced IQ levels AND / OR
speech impairment / hearing impairment AND / OR muscle dysfunction / convulsions AND / OR
kidney dysfunction AND / OR anaemia AND / OR brittle bones AND / OR
poisoning of animals that ingest the lead shot / eat animals killed with leadshot Any two [2 marks]
b) i) 1. The electrode made of PVC plastic is a non-conductor [1 mark]
no current flowed through the electrolyte to make the bulb light [1 mark]
3. Solid magnesium chloride has no mobile ions / ions are held by strong ionic bonds in a lattice [1 mark]
no current flowed through the solid magnesium chloride to make the bulb light [1 mark]
ii) 2. Graphite electrode is a conductor / allows current to flow [1 mark]
The ions in the dilute aqueous magnesium chloride are mobile, [1 mark]
so current can flow through the bulb to make it light [1 mark]
iii) process in 2: electrolysis [1 mark]

c) 2Mg (s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO (s) formulae [1 mark] balanced [1 mark]

CSEC Chem Paper 2 2024 June (suggested responses)

Q5. a) i) Polymer is a compound made up of large molecules / long chains / macromolecules [1 mark]
made up of repeated units [1 mark]
ii) Condensation polymerization is joining of monomers /repeated units by removal of a water molecule
[1 mark]
b) i) Fermentation is the process where yeast [1 mark] uses glucose (to obtain energy to live ) [1mark]
and produces ethanol and carbon dioxide [1 mark]
ii) C6H12O6 (aq) → 2C2H5OH (l)+ 2CO2 (g) formulae [ 1 mark] balanced [ 1mark] state symbols [1 mark]
iii) 2 carbons + 5 hydrogens with single bonds [1 mark]
Ethanol: O-H group [1 mark]
H H
| |
H–C–C–O–H
| |
H H
iv) flask with mixture heated [1 mark]
Fractional distillation apparatus:
fractionating column with glass beads [1 mark]
condenser with water in and water out [1 mark]
sealed where necessary to prevent escape of vapour [1mark]

Q6. a) i) Water has a dipole / partial charges because of the O-H so it has forces of attraction to ions. [1 mark]
Water is a covalent molecule so it has forces of attraction similar to covalent substances. [1 mark]
ii) Properties: Any two [2 marks]
High specific heat capacity (absorbs a lot of heat before its temperature rises) AND / OR
High latent heat of vaporization (absorbs a lot of heat when it turns into vapour) AND / OR
Maximum density at 4 °C (solid water, ice, is less dense than water at 0 °C, so ice floats on water)
iii) dissolves in water: Any two [2 marks]
sodium chloride / table salt AND / OR glucose / sucrose / sugar AND / OR ammonium nitrate
b) i) permanent hardness [1 mark]
ii) Magnesium sulphate dissolves in water to form aqueous magnesium ions [1 mark]
Aqueous magnesium ions join to soap molecules to form scum preventing lather from forming. [1 mark]
iii) Boiling does not cause the aqueous magnesium ions to form an insoluble salt. [1 mark]
After boiling there are still aqueous magnesium ions in the water. [1 mark]
iv) Temporary hardness: calcium hydrogencarbonate [1 mark] magnesium hydrogencarbonate [1 mark]
v) NaHCO3 (s) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g) formulae correct [1 mark] state symbols [1 mark]