CLASSIFICATION OF PARTIALLY
EDENTULOUS ARCHES
Types of classification used
• Kennedy, Bailyn, Beckett, Cummer...
• The
most frequently used is the
Kennedy classification.
• Kennedy Classification has 4 basic classes;
• Class I, Class II, Class III and Class IV.
• Edentulous areas other than the edentulous
areas that determine the basic classes were
designed as modification spaces.
CLASS I
• ClassI: Bilateral edentulous areas located
posterior to the natural teeth.
Class I Class I Class I Mod I
Class I Class I Mod II
CLASS II
• ClassII: A unilateral edentulous areas located
posterior to the natural teeth.
Class II Class II Mod II Class II Mod I
Class II Mod I
CLASS III
• ClassIII: Unilateral edentulous area with
natural teeth remaining both anterior and
posterior to it.
Class III Class III Mod I
Class III Mod I
Class III Mod I Class III Mod I
CLASS IV
• ClassIV: A single but bilateral (crossing the
midline) edentulous area located anterior to
the remaining natural teeth.
Applegate’s Rules for applying the
Kennedy Classification
1. Classification should follow rather than precede extractions
that might alter the original classification.
2. If the third molar is missing and not to be replaced, it is not
concidered in the classification.
3. If the third molar is present and is to be used as an
abutment, it is concidered in the classification.
4. If the second molar is missing and is not to be replaced, it is
not concidered in the classification.
5. The most posterior edentulous area or areas always
determine the classification.
Applegate’s Rules for applying the
Kennedy Classification
6. Edentulous areas other than those, which determine the
classification are refered to as modification spaces and are
designated by their numbers.
7. The extend of the modification is not concidered. Only the
number of edentulous areas, additional edentulous spaces are
concidered. Number of teeth missing in modification spaces is
not concidered.
8. There can be no modification areas in class IV. Because any
additional edentulous space will definitely be posterior to it
and will determine the classification.
Principals of Partial Denture Design
• Stresses acting on Removable Partial Dentures are transmitted
to the teeth and to the tissues of the residuel ridges.
• The stresses which tend to move the partial denture in different
directions are;
Gravity
Sticky food pull the denture occlusaly
Muscles and tongue tend to displace denture from its foundation
Intercuspation of the teeth may tend to produce horizontal and
rotational stresses unless occlusal is adjusted.
Properties a removable partial denture must have
• SUPPORT: Resistance to vertical seating forces
(provided by teeth and mucosa)
• RETENTION: Resistance to vertical displacing forces
• STABILITY: Resistance to horizontal and lateral
displacement
All the above should be within the physiological limits of
the tissue involved.
Designing Support
A. Tooth Support
B. Mucosa Support
C. Tooth-Mucosa Support
Tooth Support
When abutment teeth available at both ends of
the denture base. It most commonly obtained
by occlusal rests.
Mucosa Support
• Mucoperiosteum covering residuel alvoelar bone. It allows
varying degree of displacement. The amount of displacement
will depend on ;
o The amount of pressure applied.
o The nature of the mucosa (Thickness)
o Area covered by the denture
o Type of impression (anatomical, functional or selective
pressure)
Tooth-Mucosa Support
• Bilateral free end saddle (Posterior tissue
support and anterior tooth support.
Designing Retantion
• A removable partial denture must include components that
prevent displacement of the prosthesis from the patient's
mouth during function.
• The component of removable partial denture(RPD) that engage
abutments and resist dislodging forces are called Direct
Retiners.
• The components that resists rotational displacement of RPD
extansion base from the supporting tissue is called Indirect
Retiners
Direct Retantion obtained in a removable partial dentures by
Clasp assembly and precision attachments
• In general there ara two types of direct retainers:
a. Extracoronal(Clasp assambly, extracoronal attachments)
b. Intracoronal (Precision attachments)
Indirect ratantion obtained in RPD by Rests, Continuous bar
retiner, Lingual plate, Rugae support.
Fulcrum Line
• An imaginary line around which a partial denture
tends to rotate. This is a line joining the two posterior
most rests.
Components of Removable Partial Dentures
Major Connectors
Minor Connectors
Rests
Denture Base
Direct Retiners
İndirect Retiners
• End.
