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    Lab Manual 1.4

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    Syed
    The document discusses the basics of using the vi text editor, including its two modes of command mode and insert mode, common commands for editing, navigating and saving files, and the importance of learning vi for scripting and file editing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lab Manual 1.4

    Uploaded by

    Syed
    16 views4 pages
    The document discusses the basics of using the vi text editor, including its two modes of command mode and insert mode, common commands for editing, navigating and saving files, and the importance of learning vi for scripting and file editing.

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    lab manual

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    The document discusses the basics of using the vi text editor, including its two modes of command mode and insert mode, common commands for editing, navigating and saving files, and the importance of learning vi for scripting and file editing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    16 views4 pages

    Lab Manual 1.4

    Uploaded by

    Syed
    The document discusses the basics of using the vi text editor, including its two modes of command mode and insert mode, common commands for editing, navigating and saving files, and the importance of learning vi for scripting and file editing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

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    AIM: Study the basics of shell programming using vi editor

    CO1 Understand and execute basic commands of shell script

    CO2 Apply basic operations in shell scripts which are required for different applications.

    vi Command mode:

     The vi editor opens in this mode, and it only understands commands


     In this mode, you can, move the cursor and cut, copy, paste the text
     This mode also saves the changes you have made to the file
     Commands are case sensitive. You should use the right letter case.
    vi Editor Insert mode:
     This mode is for inserting text in the file.

     You can switch to the Insert mode from the command mode by pressing 'i' on the keyboard

     Once you are in Insert mode, any key would be taken as an input for the file on which you are
    currently working.

     To return to the command mode and save the changes you have made you need to press the Esc
    key
    How to use vi editor

    To launch the VI Editor -Open the Terminal (CLI) and type

    vi <filename_NEW> or <filename_EXISTING>

    And if you specify an existing file, then the editor would open it for you to edit. Else, you can create a new
    file.
    VI Editing commands
     i - Insert at cursor (goes into insert mode)
     a - Write after cursor (goes into insert mode)
     A - Write at the end of line (goes into insert mode)
     ESC - Terminate insert mode
     u - Undo last change
     U - Undo all changes to the entire line
     o - Open a new line (goes into insert mode)
     dd - Delete line
     3dd - Delete 3 lines.
     D - Delete contents of line after the cursor
     C - Delete contents of a line after the cursor and insert new text. Press ESC key to end insertion.
     dw - Delete word
     4dw - Delete 4 words
     cw - Change word
     x - Delete character at the cursor
     r - Replace character
     R - Overwrite characters from cursor onward
     s - Substitute one character under cursor continue to insert
     S - Substitute entire line and begin to insert at the beginning of the line
     ~ - Change case of individual character

    Note: You should be in the "command mode" to execute these commands. VI editor is case-sensitive so
    make sure you type the commands in the right letter-case.

    Make sure you press the right command otherwise you will end up making undesirable changes to the file.
    You can also enter the insert mode by pressing a, A, o, as required.

    Moving within a file


     k - Move cursor up
     j - Move cursor down
     h - Move cursor left
     l - Move cursor right

    You need to be in the command mode to move within a file. The default keys for navigation are mentioned
    below else; You can also use the arrow keys on the keyboard.

    Saving and Closing the file


     Shift+zz - Save the file and quit
     :w - Save the file but keep it open
     :q - Quit without saving
     :wq - Save the file and quit

    You should be in the command mode to exit the editor and save changes to the file.

    Summary:
     The vi editor is the most popular and commonly used Unix text editor
     It is usually available in all Linux Distributions.
     It works in two modes, Command and Insert
     Command mode takes the user commands, and the Insert mode is for editing text
     You should know the commands to work on your file easily
     Learning to use this editor can benefit you in creating scripts and editing files.

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