cantu (ggc333) Homework 9 sutclie (51045) This print-out should have 24 questions.

ns. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page nd all choices before answering. 001 In a galvanic cell, 10.0 points Explanation: Zn(s) + Cu2+ (aq) Zn2+ (aq) + Cu(s)

Oxidation occurs at the anode. In this cell the oxidation half reaction is Zn(s) Zn2+ (aq) + 2 e Zn atoms in the solid Zn electrode are oxidized to Zn2+ ions; the electrode slowly erodes. 003 10.0 points The standard potential of the cell Ag(s) | AgCl(s) | Cl(aq) || Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s) is +0.12 V at 25 C. If the standard potential of the Cu2+ | Cu couple is +0.34 V, calculate the standard potential of the AgCl | Ag,Cl couple. 1. + 0.46 V

1. electrolytes are added to carry electrons between electrodes. 2. oxidation takes place at the cathode. 3. electrical energy is used to reverse spontaneous chemical reactions. 4. oxidation and reduction take place at the same time but at dierent electrodes. correct Explanation: The reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous and does not need to be driven by a battery. Both reduction and oxidation occur. 002 10.0 points

2. 0.12 V Voltmeter e 1.10 V V Zinc Salt bridge to carry ions 1 M Zn2+ (aq) 1 M Cu2+ (aq) Copper e 3. 0.46 V 4. 0.22 V 5. + 0.22 V correct Explanation: 004 10.0 points If the standard potentials for the couples Fe3+ | Fe2+ , MnO2 , H+ | Mn2+ , H2 O, 4 Zn2+ | Zn, V3+ | V2+ , and Br2 | Br are +0.77, +1.51, 0.76, 0.26, and +1.09 V, respectively, which is the strongest oxidizing agent? 1. Zn2+ 2. Mn2+ 3. MnO2 correct 4 4. Fe3+

In this electrochemical cell, what is the anode? 1. The solid zinc electrode correct 2. The Zn2+ (aq) ions in the 1 M solution 3. The solid copper electrode 4. The Cu2+ (aq) ions in the 1 M solution

cantu (ggc333) Homework 9 sutclie (51045) iron ions. 5. Br2 Explanation: 005 10.0 points Hint: Once you have decided which way electrons ow in the external circuit, what substance is AT each of the electrodes? Consider the voltaic cell: Pt Sn4+ (0.0010 M), Sn2+ (0.10 M) Ag+ (0.010 M) Ag Sn4+ + 2 e Sn2+ E 0 = +0.15 V + Ag + 1 e Ag(s) E 0 = +0.80 V The electrons ow in the external circuit from 1. Sn to Ag. 2. Ag to Pt. 3. Ag to Sn4+ . 4. Pt to Ag. correct 5. Sn2+ to Ag+ . Explanation: 006 10.0 points Hint for this question: each statement implies that you should write out the two appropriate half reactions and determine if the process is spontaneous. E 0 (volts) Fe3+ + 1 e Fe2+ +0.771 + H2 O2 + 2 e +2 H 2 H2O +1.77 + O2 + 2 e +2 H H2 O2 +0.682 A solution of H2 O2 which contains traces of Fe3+ ions will decompose to H2 O and O2 because 1. both reduction of H2 O2 by Fe2+ and oxidation of H2 O2 by Fe3+ are spontaneous processes correct . 2. oxygen is reduced by Fe2+ in a spontaneous process. 3. H2 O2 can be reduced but not oxidized by

4. The statement is false; hydrogen peroxide solutions are stable unless 2 moles Fe3+ are added for every mole H2 O2 in the solution. Explanation: 007 10.0 points Consider the half-reactions Mn2+ + 2 e Mn E 0 = 1.029 V Ga3+ + 3 e Ga E 0 = 0.560 V If we were to build a galvanic cell based on the half reactions above, the E 0 would be 1. + 1.589 V 2. + 0.469 V correct 3. - 1.589 V 4. Cannot be determined. 5. + 0.560 V Explanation: The reduction half reaction with the more positive E0 will remain as reduction; the other will ip to oxidation. For the oxidation half reaction, change the sign on E 0 , then sum the E values: +1.029 V + (-0.560 V) to get E 0 is 0.469 V. 008 10.0 points Consider the half cell Cr3+ (aq) + 3 e Cr(s) E 0 = 0.74 volts, where Cr3+ = 0.1 M. For this situation the half-cell voltage E would be 1. 0.72 volts 2. 0.74 volts 3. 0.76 volts correct 4. 0.74 volts 5. 0.76 volts

cantu (ggc333) Homework 9 sutclie (51045) Explanation: 009 10.0 points Consider two hypothetical metals, X and Y, which can exist as metal ions X2+ and Y3+ , respectively. For these two metals, the standard reduction potentials are X2+ + 2 e X E 0 = 0.650 V Y3+ + 3 e Y E 0 = 1.100 V Calculate Ecell for the reaction 3 X(s) + 2 Y3+ (0.360 M) 3 X2+ (0.0260 M) + 2 Y(s) . Correct answer: 1.788 volts. Explanation: 010 10.0 points Consider the cell Zn(s) | Zn2+ (aq , 0.100 M) || Cl (aq , ? M) | Cl2(g , 0.500 atm) | Pt . For this cell, E = 2.12 V and E = 2.27 V at 25 C. Calculate the Cl (aq) concentration in the cathode compartment. 1. 4.3 105 M 2. 2.9 103 M 3. 6.5 103 M correct 4. 1.5 103 M 5. 1.2 101 M Explanation: 011 10.0 points Consider the cell Pt | H2 (1 atm); H+ (? M) || Hg2 Cl2 (s); Cl (1 M) | Hg + 2 H + 2 e H2 E 0 = 0.00 V Hg2 Cl2 + 2 e 2 Hg + 2 Cl E 0 = 0.268 V If the measured cell potential for the cell is 0.35 volts, what is the pH of the solution? 1. 1.39 correct 2. 5.45 3. 4.74 4. 2.77 5. less than 1.00

Explanation: [H+ ] is not known, likely not at 1 M (standard conditions). The second reaction is under standard conditions. So we know that: H2 2 H+ + 2 e E=? Hg2 Cl2 + 2 e 2 Hg + 2 Cl E = +0.268 V Ecell = +0.35 V E for the rst reaction must be 0.082 V. Use the Nernst equation to determine [H+ ]: 0.0592 [Red]y log n [Ox]x 0.0592 1 0.082 V = 0 V log 2 x2 0.0592 0.0592 log(1) + log x2 0.082 V = 2 2 0.0592 log x2 0.082 V = 0 + 2 2.77027 = log x2 x2 = 102.77027 x = 0.0411969 = [H+ ] pH = log[H+ ] = log(0.0411969) = 1.38514 E = E0 012 10.0 points What is the standard free energy change for the reaction H2 + 2 Ag+ (aq) 2 H+ (aq) + 2 Ag(s)? The standard potentials are 2 H+ + 2 e H2 Ag+ + e Ag Correct answer: 154.261 kJ. Explanation: 013 10.0 points The standard voltage of the cell (0 V) (0.7994 V)

cantu (ggc333) Homework 9 sutclie (51045)

Ag(s) | AgBr(s) | Br(aq) || Ag+(aq) | Ag(s) is +0.73 V at 25 C. Calculate the Ksp for AgBr. 1. 2.0 1015 2. 3.9 1029 3. 4.6 1013 correct 4. 5.1 1014 5. 2.2 1012 Explanation: 014 10.0 points The equilibrium constant for the following cell K | K+ || Ce4+ | Ce3+ | Pt
is K = 5.5181076 . What is Ered of the K+ /K half-reaction? Assume the reaction is taking place at room temperature (T = 25 C). Ce4+ + e Ce3+ Ered = +1.61 V

1. Fe(s) | Fe3+ (aq) , Fe2+(aq) || H+ (aq) | H2(g) | Pt(s) 2. Pt(s) | Fe3+(aq) , Fe2+(aq) || H+ (aq) | H2(g) | Pt(s) 3. Pt(s) | H2(g) | H+(aq) || Fe2+ (aq) | Fe3+(aq) 4. Pt(s) | H2(g) | H+(aq) || Fe3+ (aq) , Fe2+(aq) | Pt(s) correct Explanation: The two half-reactions, written as reductions, are Fe3+ (aq) + e Fe2+ (aq) 2 H+ (aq) + 2 e H2 (g) Equate e 2 Fe3+ (aq) + e Fe2+ (aq) H2 (g) 2 H+ (aq) + 2 e Add the balanced half reactions: 2 Fe3+ (aq) + H2 (g) 2 Fe2+ (aq) + 2 H+ (aq) The cell diagram is Pt(s) | H2(g) | H+(aq) || Fe3+ (aq) , Fe2+(aq) | Pt(s) 016 10.0 points A total charge of 96.5 kC is passed through an electrolytic cell. What mass of copper will be produced from a copper(II) chloride solution? Correct answer: 31.773 g. Explanation: q = 96.5 kC = 96500 C 1 F = 1 mol e , so the reaction of the copper ion will be 0.5 mol Cu2+ (aq) + 1 mol e 0.5 mol Cu(s) mCu = 0.5 mol Cu(s) = (0.5 mol Cu) (63.546 g/mol) = 31.773 g .

1. 8.84 V 2. +4.54 V 3. 4.54 V 4. +2.93 V 5. 2.93 V correct Explanation: 015 10.0 points

Consider the half-reactions and the balanced equation for the cell reaction represented by the skeletal equation Fe3+ (aq) + H2 (g) Fe2+ (aq) + H+ (aq) . What is the proper cell diagram for this reaction?

017 10.0 points Consider 3 electrolysis experiments: The rst: 1 Faraday of electricity is passed through a solution of AgNO3 .

cantu (ggc333) Homework 9 sutclie (51045) The second: 2 Faradays of electricity are passed through a solution of Zn(NO3 )2 . The third: 3 Faradays of electricity are passed through a solution of Bi(NO3 )3 . 1. Equal masses of all three metals are produced. 2. Equal numbers of moles of all three metals are produced. correct 3. Twice as many moles of metallic zinc are produced than metallic silver. 4. The reaction producing the smallest mass of metal is that of the silver solution. Explanation: 1 F = 1 mol e . The relevant half-reactions are Ag+ + 1 e Ag Zn2+ + 2 e Zn Bi3+ + 3 e Bi Using the given amounts of electricity, Exp. 1 2 3 metal produced 1 mol Ag 1 mol Zn 1 mol Bi grams produced 107.87 g Ag (1 mol Ag) mol Ag 65.39 g Zn (1 mol Zn) mol Zn 208.98 g Bi (1 mol Bi) mol Bi 4. 16.3 A 5. 22.8 A correct Explanation:

019 10.0 points Silver is plated on copper by immersing a piece of copper into a solution containing silver(I) ions. In the plating reaction, silver(I) 1. is reduced and is the reducing agent. 2. is oxidized and is the oxidizing agent. 3. is oxidized and is the reducing agent. 4. is reduced and is the oxidizing agent. correct Explanation: 020 10.0 points The electrolysis of an aqueous sodium chloride solution using inert electrodes produces gaseous chlorine at one electrode. At the other electrode gaseous hydrogen is produced and the solution becomes basic around the electrode. Which of the following is the equation for the cathode half-reaction in the electrolytic cell? 1. 2 H2 O + 2 e H2 + 2 OH correct 2. H2 + 2 OH 2 H2 O + 2 e 3. None of these 4. Cl2 + 2 e 2 Cl 5. 2 Cl Cl2 + 2 e Explanation: 021 10.0 points Magnesium metal is placed in contact with an underground steel storage tank to inhibit the corrosion of the tank because 1. magnesium functions as the cathode in

Of the answer choices, the true statement says that equal moles of metals are produced. 018 10.0 points Useful: 1 Amp = 1 Coulomb per second. What current is required to produce 91.6 g of chromium metal from chromium(VI) oxide in 12.4 hours? 1. 18.4 A 2. 20.1 A 3. 15.4 A

cantu (ggc333) Homework 9 sutclie (51045) the electrochemical cell instead of the iron. 4. Pb(s), HCl(aq) 2. magnesium is cheaper than gold. 5. PbSO4 (s), H2 O( ) 3. magnesium has a higher reduction potential than iron. 4. magnesium metal is a better reducing agent than iron. correct 5. magnesium has a lower oxidation potential than iron. Explanation: 022 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points What is the electrolyte in a lead-acid battery? 1. HCl 2. H2 O 3. H2 SO4 (aq) correct 4. PbSO4 Explanation: 023 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points What is the oxidizing agent during discharge? 1. PbO 2. PbSO4 3. Pb(s) 4. PbO2 (s) correct Explanation: 024 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points Consider the reaction that takes place at the cathode during the charging of this battery. What are the reactants of this reaction? 1. PbO2 (s), HCl(aq) 2. PbSO4 (s), H+ correct 3. PbO2 (s), H2 SO4 (aq) 6. Pb(s), H2 SO4 (aq)

Explanation: The balanced reaction is PbSO4 (s) + H+ (aq) + 2 e Pb(s) + HSO (aq) 4