Republic of the Philippines

Bulacan State University

City of Malolos, Bulacan
Tel/Fax (044) 791-0153

Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 9

The Sum and the Product of Roots of Quadratic Equations

September 25, 2023:

9- Barasoain 12:10 – 1:00
9 – Banaue 1:50 – 2:40
9 – Bagumbayan 3:00 – 3:50
9 – Vigan 3:50 – 4:40
9 – Fort Santiago 4:40 – 5:30

I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
 derive the formula of sum and product of the roots
of quadratic equations; and
 solve for the sum and product of roots of quadratic
equation.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: The Sum and the Product of Roots of Quadratic
Equations.
B. References: Grade 9 Mathematics Module 2 on The Sum
and the Product of Roots of Quadratic Equations, page 8.
https://www.theproblemsite.com/lesson-plans/math/mental-
math/the-sum-and-product-game

C. Materials: Board, chalk, visual aids, laptop and TV.

III. INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

 A. Routinary Activities
1. Prayer

Let us first ask the guidance of our Almighty A student representative will come in front
God, class president can you please lead the class to lead the prayer.
with a short prayer?
Students will bow their heads and feel the
presence of the Lord.
(Sample Prayer)
Dear Lord may we through your blessings,
add purity to the world, subtract evil from
our lives multiply the good news of your
son, and divide your gifts and share them
with others.
2. Greetings

“Good Morning, Class” ”Good Morning, ma’am Berbes.”

3. Classroom Management
Before you take your sit, kindly pick up the
pieces of trash under your chair and put it in your Students will check their surroundings and
bag for a while. pick-up things if there are any.

4. Checking of Attendance Leaders answer if no absentees: None,

Leaders, do we have any absentees today? ma’am.
If there are absentees, the leaders will stand to
report.
5. Checking of Assignment
Do we have an assignment class? None ma’am.
(If there is an assignment, the teacher will ask to
bring it out and have it checked by students.)

B. Review
Before we start our lesson for today let us first have a
quick review about the nature of the roots of quadratic
equation.
(Posting the problem)

Direction: Identify whether the given statement is

right or wrong. Say FACT if the statement is correct
otherwise says BLUFF.
1. The discriminant is used to determine the nature of Student’s Answers:
the roots.
2. If the discriminant is 22, then the equation has no 1. FACT
real roots. 2. BLUFF
3. If the discriminant is zero, then the roots are real 3. BLUFF
numbers but are not equal. 4.FACT
4. If the discriminant is 9, then the roots are rational 5. FACT
numbers but are not equal.
5. If the discriminant is greater than zero but not a
perfect square, then the roots are irrational numbers
and are not equal.

C. Motivation
The Sum and Product Game (Group Activity) Student’s Answers:
Instruction: Find a pair of numbers that matches the
given criteria.
 There are 10 cards which contains the sum
and the product of two numbers.
 The group will choose 1 category at a time
and the amount of money they wanted.
 If the group answered it correctly, then they
will get the money from the card but if they
got it wrong the money will be subtracted to
them.
Sample Cards:

D. Lesson Proper
Our lesson for today is about sum and products of
After doing the activity, what do you think about our two numbers.
lesson for today?

Okay, nice observation.

So, our topic for today is about the Sum and the
Product of the roots of quadratic equation.
Recall that the formula of getting the roots of
quadratic equation is
−b ± √ b2−4 ac
x= , and from the formula we will
2a
−b+ √ b2−4 ac
have two roots. Let x ₁= be the first
2a
−b− √ b 2−4 ac
root and x ₂= as the second root.
2a

Let us find the sum of the roots of quadratic equation. To add similar fractions, copy first the denominator
then add the numerator.
 −b + √ b2−4 ac −b−√ b2 −4 ac
x 1+ x2 = + .
2a 2a
How to add similar fraction?
Cancel out + √ b2 −4 ac and −√ b2−4 ac in the
Very good! So, now we will have, numerator.
−b + √ b2−4 ac−b−√ b 2−4 ac
x 1+ x2 = .
2a
How are we going to simplify the numerator?

Excellent! Now we will have,

−b−b
x 1+ x2 = .
2a

Simplify further,
−2 b
x 1+ x2 =
2a
Finally, the sum of the roots of quadratic equation is,
−b
x 1+ x2 = .
a
In multiplying fractions, we simply multiply
Solving for the product of the roots of quadratic
numerator to numerator and denominator to
equation.
denominator.
−b+ √ b 2−4 ac −b− √ b 2−4 ac
x 1 • x 2=( )( ) The product of (−b + √ b2−4 ac ) and
2a 2a
¿) is(−b)2−¿.
How to multiply fractions?
(2a)(2a) = 4 a2.

What is the product of (−b + √ b2−4 ac ) and

¿)?

How about (2a)(2a)?

Therefore, we will have,
2
x 1 • x 2=(−b) −¿¿ .

By simplification,
2 2
b −b + 4 ac
x 1 • x 2= 2
4a

Combine like terms ,

4 ac
x 1 • x 2= 2
4a
Simplify further,
c
x 1 • x 2=
a
Clearly, the product of the roots of the quadratic The value of a = 1, b = 3 and c = 5.
c
equation is .
a

Now, let us try to solve for the sum and the product of
the roots using their given formulas.
Example 1. Find the sum and the product of the roots
of x 2+ 3 x +5=0.

Step 1. Identify the values of a, b, and c.

Very good!
Step 2. By substitution,
Sum of the roots:
−b −3
x 1+ x2 = = = -3
a 1 The value of a = 1, b = -2 and c = -10.
Product of the roots: Sum of the roots:
c 5 −b −(−2)
x 1 • x 2= = = 5 x 1+ x2 = = =2
a 1 a 1
Clearly, the sum of the roots is -3 while the product is The sum of the roots of x 2−2 x−10=0 is 2.
5. Product of the roots:
c −10
Example 2. What are the sum and the product of the x 1 • x 2= a = 1 = -10.
roots of x 2−2 x−10=0 The product of the roots of x 2−2 x−10=0 is -10

Step1. Identify the values of a, b, and c.

Step 2. Substitute the values into the given formula.

Example 3: What are the sum and the product of the

2 2
roots of 5 x +10 x− =0 ?
3
Step 1: Identify the values of a, b, and c.
2
a= 5, b= 10 and c = -
3
Step 2. Apply substitution.
Sum of the root:
−b −10
x 1+ x2 = = = -2
a 5
Product of the roots:
−2
c −2 1 −2
x 1 • x 2= = 3 = ( ) ( ¿=
a 3 5 15
5
Student’s Output:
The sum and the product of the roots of
2 2 −2
5 x +10 x− =0 are -2 and respectively.
3 15

Do have any questions? If none, then let us apply

your knowledge and understanding about the lesson.

(Posting the problem)

E. Application
Instruction: Solve for the sum and the product of roots
of the given quadratic equation.

 Each group will receive 1 quadratic equation.

 In three minutes the group will solve for the
sum and the product of roots in a given manila
paper.
 Choose 1 representative to present your
answers.

Quadratic Equation Sum of Product

Roots of Roots
1. x 2−15 x+ 9=0
2. 2 x 2+10 x +6=0
3. 7 x 2−2 x+3=0
4. 8 x 2−4 x−24=0

The formula for the sum of the roots of quadratic

−b
equation is x 1+ x2 = .
a
The formula for the product of the roots of quadratic
c
equation is x 1 • x 2= .
a

F. Generalization

So, again what is the formula of getting the sum of

the roots of quadratic equation?
How about the formula for solving the product of
quadratic equation?

So it seems you understand our lesson for today.

Now, get your activity notebook and answer the
following.

IV. Evaluation
Directions: Determine the sum and product of roots of the following
quadratic equations. Write your answer in your big notebook and
show your solutions. 2pts. Each.
1. x 2+ 10 x +16=0
2. 6 x 2−x−2=0
3. x 2−5 x−2=0
2 3
4. x −4 x+ =0
4
 2 1
5. 3 x + x +9=0
2

Answers:
1. x 2+ 10 x +16=0
2 3
Sum of the Roots: 4. x −4 x+ =0
4
−b −10
x 1+ x2 = = = -10 Sum of the Roots:
a 1
−b −(−4)
Product of the Roots: x 1+ x2 = = =4
a 1
c 16
x 1 • x 2= = =16 Product of the Roots:
a 1
3
c 3
x 1 • x 2= = 4 =
2. 6 x 2−x−2=0 a 4
1
Sum of the Roots:
−b −(−1) 1 2 1
x 1+ x2 = = = 5. 3 x + x +9=0
a 6 6 2
Product of the Roots: Sum of the Roots:
c −2 1 1
x 1 • x 2= = =- −b −( ) 1 1
a 6 3 x 1+ x2 = = 2 = ¿ )( ) = -
a 3 6
3
3. x 2−5 x−2=0
Sum of the Roots: Product of the Roots:
−b −(−5) c 9
x 1+ x2 = = =5 x 1 • x 2= = =3
a 1 a 3
Product of the Roots:
c −2
x 1 • x 2= = = -2
a 1

V. ASSIGNMENT
Direction: Connect the given sum and product of roots in column A by
the segment to the corresponding equation in column B.
ANSWER KEY:

1. G
2. J
3. D
4. I
5. A
6. E
7. H
8. B
9. F
10. C

Checked By:

Ma’am Jessica L. Lazaga

Cooperating Teacher