CHAPTER 3

GETTING START WITH PYTHON

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE USING
WING IDE PERSONAL 6.1
 Example of Simple Calculator Program
using Python Language
2

# This program is to make a simple calculator comment

print (“Additional Calculator of Two Input Number")

print ("")
Display
prompt
num1 = float (input("Enter first number: ")) Gathering input
num2 = float (input("Enter second number: ")) prompt
sum=num1+num2 Process statement
print (num1, "+", num2, "=", sum) Displaying output

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 Wing IDE Personal 6.1 Inteface
3

Run button

Write your code here

Your program execute here

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 The print Object
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 Displaying/Prompting command for input gathering

and displaying output.

 Prompting display statement is so easy using Python

print (“Hello World”)

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 The print Object
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 This produces multiple line of output:

print (“I am ”)
print (“Iron Man”)

I am
Iron Man

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 The print Object
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 Another way of producing multiple-line text using

\n

print (“I am\nIron Man ”)

I am
Iron Man

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 Classes and Objects
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The cout Object
 This produces single line of output

print (“I am ”)print (“Iron Man”)

I am Iron Man
 Variables and Literals
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Variables
 Variable: a storage location in memory

 Has a name and a type of data it can hold

 Python allow programmer use variable without declaring
it.
 Can directly assigned/initialized any value into those
variables.
 Automatically select appropriate data type according to
the value.

num1 = 10 Variable automatically assigned as int data type

 Variables and Literals
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Variables

Way of declaring variable

while asking for input.
Variable num1 assigned to
hold float data type

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 Variables and Literals
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Literals
 Literal: a value that is written into a program’s code.

"hello, there" (string literal)

12 (integer literal)

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 Variables and Literals
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Literals

15 is an integer literal

This is a string literal

Output Display

Total number of green apple is 15

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 Identifiers
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 An identifier is a programmer-defined name for

some part of a program: variables, functions, etc.
 You cannot use any of the C++ key words as an
identifier. These words have reserved meaning.

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 Variable Names
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 A variable name should represent the purpose of

the variable. For example:

itemsOrdered

The purpose of this variable is to hold the number

of items ordered.

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 Identifier Rules
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 The first character of an identifier must be an

alphabetic character or and underscore ( _ ),
 After the first character you may use alphabetic
characters, numbers, or underscore characters.
 Upper- and lowercase characters are distinct

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 Rules of naming variables
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Explanation Example
Variable name should START
either with letter of underscore. score, _number
Cannot start with number.
The reminding character CAN
consist of letters, numbers and total_sales, marks1
underscore.
Should NOT made of reserved and (reserved word), password&
words and contain any symbols. (contain symbol)
May NOT contain spaces of total sales (not valid since has
naming variable names. space between total & sales)
Names are CASE SENSITIVE with totalsales is not same with
uppercase and lowercase. Totalsales
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 Valid and Invalid Identifiers
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IDENTIFIER VALID? REASON IF INVALID

totalSales Yes

total_Sales Yes

total.Sales No Cannot contain .

4thQtrSales No Cannot begin with digit

totalSale$ No Cannot contain $

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 Data Types
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Numeric Data Type Character Data Type

 int  string (str)

 float

 long Bool Data Types

 complex  True

 False

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 Numeric Data Type - int
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 Plain integers of positive or negative whole numbers

 E.g. : 10, -10
 Assign for suitable variable application, such as
number of student (num_student), number of car
(num_car) and etc.

num_student = int (input(“Enter number of student =“)

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 Numeric Data Type - long
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 Long integer with infinite size

 Similar with int, except the are followed by letter
“L”
 E.g. : 10L, -10L

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 Numeric Data Type - float
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 Represent real numbers.

 E.g.
12.45 -3.8

 Stored in a form similar to scientific notation (6.022e23)

 All floating-point numbers are signed

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 Numeric Data Type - complex
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 Use to represent complex number

 Represent by formula a+bi, where a and b are
floats, while i is the  1
 E.g. : 10+28i

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 Character Data Type - str
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 Use to represent complex number

 Represent by formula a+bi, where a and b are
floats, while i is the  1

state = str (input("Enter State: "))

print (“State is: ", state)

state = “Singapore”
print (state)

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 bool Data Type
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 Represents values that are true or false

 bool variables are stored as small integers
 false is represented by 0, true by 1:
bool allDone = true;
bool finished = false;
allDone finished
1 0

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 Variable Assignments
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 An assignment statement uses the = operator to store a

value in a variable.
item = 12;
 This statement assigns the value 12 to the item
variable.
 The variable receiving the value must appear on the left
side of the = operator.
 This will NOT work:

// ERROR!
12 = item;
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 Variable Initialization
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 To initialize a variable means to assign it a value

and automatically defined with appropriate data
type

length = 12; #Integer data types

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 Multiple Variable Assignment in the
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Same Line

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 Arithmetic Operators
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 Used for performing numeric calculations

 C++ has unary, binary, and ternary operators:
 unary (1 operand) -5
 binary (2 operands) 13 - 7
 ternary (3 operands) exp1 ? exp2 : exp3

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 Binary Arithmetic Operators
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SYMBOL OPERATION EXAMPLE VALUE OF

ans
+ addition ans = 7 + 3; 10

- subtraction ans = 7 - 3; 4

* multiplication ans = 7 * 3; 21

/ division ans = 7 / 3; 2

% modulus ans = 7 % 3; 1

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 A Closer Look at the / Operator
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 / (division) operator performs integer division if

both operands are integers
cout << 13 / 5; // displays 2
cout << 91 / 7; // displays 13
 If either operand is floating point, the result is
floating point
cout << 13 / 5.0; // displays 2.6
cout << 91.0 / 7; // displays 13.0

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 A Closer Look at the % Operator
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 % (modulus) operator computes the remainder

resulting from integer division
cout << 13 % 5; // displays 3
 % requires integers for both operands
cout << 13 % 5.0; // error

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 Comments
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 Used to document parts of the program

 Intended for persons reading the source code of
the program:
 Indicate the purpose of the program
 Describe the use of variables

 Explain complex sections of code

 Are ignored by the compiler

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 Comments
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Single Line
Begin with // through to the end of line:
int length = 12; // length in inches
int width = 15; // width in inches
int area; // calculated area

// calculate rectangle area

area = length * width;

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 Comments
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Multi-Line Comments
 Begin with /*, end with */
 Can span multiple lines:
/* this is a multi-line
comment
*/
 Can begin and end on the same line:
int area; /* calculated area */

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34

Thank You
Q&A

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