Home Automation using Digital Control

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

ABSTRACT:
 Here is a teleremote circuit which enables switching ‘on’ and ‘off’ of
appliances through telephone lines. It can be used to switch appliances
from any distance, overcoming the limited range of infrared and radio
remote controls.

 The circuit can be used to switch up to nine appliances (corresponding

to the digits 1 through 9 of the telephone key-pad). The DTMF signals
on telephone instrument are used as control signals.

 The digit ‘0’ in dtmf mode is used to toggle between the appliance mode
and normal telephone operation mode. Thus the telephone can be used
to switch on or switch off the appliances also while being used for
normal conversation
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Block Diagram:

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Hardware Requirements:
POWER SUPPLY BLOCK
555 TIMER
RELAY
MT8870 DTMF DECODER
CD4049 INVERTER
CD4013 FLIP FLOP
MCT2E OPTO-ISOLATOR
74LS154
BC547
NPN TRANSISTOR
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Power Supply:

230 V AC Bridge rectifier

5v Regulator
50 Hz

5V DC

Filter(470µf)
12V step down
transformer

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

555 TIMER
The 555 Has Three Operating Modes:

Monostable mode:

 In this mode, the 555 functions as a "one-shot". Applications include

timers, missing pulse detection, switches, touch switches, frequency
divider, capacitance measurement, pulse-width modulation (PWM) etc.

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Astable:

 The 555 can operate as an oscillator. Uses include LED and lamp
flashers, pulse generation, logic clocks, tone generation, security
alarms, pulse position modulation, etc.

Bistable mode or Schmitt trigger:

 The 555 can operate as a flip-flop, if the DIS pin is not connected and
no capacitor is used. Uses include bounce free latched switches, etc.

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

CD4049-Inverter:
 The CD4049 devices are inverting hex buffers, and feature logic level
conversion using only one supply voltage (VCC)

 These devices are intended for use as CMOS to DTL/TTL converters

and can drive directly two DTL/TTL loads

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

DTMF Decoder:
 This circuit detects the dial tone from a telephone line and decodes the
keypad pressed on the remote telephone.

 Two distinct frequency tones make up the DTMF(dual tome multiple

frequency), and hence the name.

 The dialer and the telephone exchange communicate one way through
the DTMF communication.

 The tone generator and the tone decoder consist of a complete

communication setup.

 In this project, IC MT8870DE is used to decode the input dial tone to

the dialed numbers.
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

 These digital bits are interfaced to a microcontroller for any

application.

 Pulse/dial tone method is used in the modern telephone

communication.

 There is a dial tone generator on the caller side and a unique tone
consisting of two audible tone frequency is generated when the user
presses a button.

 As an example, 697hz & 1209hz will be generated when key '1' is

being pressed on the phone.

 A decoder circuit is present on the receiver side, which decodes the

tone to a digital code.
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

CD4013 Flip Flop:

 The CD4013B dual D-type flip-flop is a

monolithic complementary MOS (CMOS)
integrated circuit has two D-type flip-flops,
which you can use independently

 A D-type flip-flop, also called a D-type bistable,

is a subsystem with two stable states. Using
appropriate input signals, you can trigger the flip-
flop from one state to the other.

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

OPTO-Isolator:
 Opto coupler is a 6 pin IC.

 It is a combination of 1 LED and a transistor.

 when light falls on the Base-Emitter junction then it switches pin5

goes to zero.

 When logic zero is given as input then the light doesn’t fall on
transistor so it doesn’t conduct which gives logic zero as output.
 When logic 1 is given as input then light falls on transistor so that it
conducts, that makes transistor switched ON and it forms short circuit
this makes the output is logic zero as collector of transistor is
connected to ground.

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

OPTO-Isolator:

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

BC547:
 The BC547 transistor is an NPN Epitaxial
Silicon Transistor.

 The BC547 transistor is a general-purpose

transistor in small plastic packages.

 It is used in general-purpose switching and

amplification BC847/BC547 series 45 V, 100
mA NPN general-purpose transistors.

 Whenever base is high, then current starts

flowing through base and emitter and after that
only current will pass from collector to emitter
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

74LS154:
 Each of these 4-line-to-16-line decoders utilizes TTL circuitry to
decode four binary-coded inputs into one of sixteen mutually exclusive
outputs when both the strobe inputs, G1 and G2, are LOW

 The DE multiplexing function is performed by using the 4 input lines

to address the output line, passing data from one of the strobe inputs
with the other strobe input LOW. When either strobe input is HIGH,
all outputs are HIGH.

 These DE multiplexers are ideally suited for implementing high-

performance memory decoders. All inputs are buffered and input
clamping diodes are provided to minimize transmission-line effects
and thereby simplify system design.
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

74LS154:

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Circuit Diagram:

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Circuit Explanation:
 This system is designed to provide control of home appliances
through landline by dialing the designated number for the particular
load. Dialing can be done from the home phone or a call made to the
home number from outside. This system is designed without engaging
a programmable microcontroller but is based on digital logic using
DTMF technology (Dual Tone multiple frequency) which receives the
command from the landline phone to develop digital output.

 This digital signal is further processed to actuate switching

mechanism through relay driver to turn on/off the loads/appliances. It
can be used to switch appliances from anywhere, overcoming the
limited range of other infrared and radio frequency type controls. This
proposed system gives a new direction to the development of home
automation.
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Advantages:
 High sensitive

 Works with any Cell phone from anywhere

 Low cost and reliable circuit

 Coverage distance up to 10 meter

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Applications:
 Home appliances control

 Hotel lights/ fans Control

 Shops and Showrooms appliances control

 Industrial appliances

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Home Automation using Digital Control

Conclusion:
 The concept of this system can be extended in future by giving an
acknowledgement message to the user by system on the status of loads
by using GSM modem.

 Home Automation using Digital Control Project is very helpful in

Home, Industrial,Hotels and Show rooms

http://www.edgefxkits.com/
http://www.edgefxkits.com/