Globalization

What is Globalization?
All Definitions of Globalization
A Simple Globalization Definition
Globalization means the speedup of movements and exchanges (of human beings, goods, and services,
capital, technologies or cultural practices) all over the planet. One of the effects of globalization is that it
promotes and increases interactions between different regions and populations around the globe.
An Official Definition of Globalization by the World Health Organization (WHO)
According to WHO, globalization can be defined as ” the increased interconnectedness and

interdependence of peoples and countries. It is generally understood to include two inter-related
elements: the opening of international borders to increasingly fast flows of goods, services, finance,
people and ideas; and the changes in institutions and policies at national and international levels that
facilitate or promote such flows.”
What Is Globalization in the Economy?
According to the Committee for Development Policy
(a subsidiary body of the United Nations), from an economic point of view, globalization can be
defined as:
“(…) the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border
trade of commodities and services, the flow of international capital and the wide and rapid spread of
technologies. It reflects the continuing expansion and mutual integration of market frontiers (…) and the
rapid growing significance of information in all types of productive activities and marketization are the
two major driving forces for economic globalization.”
What Is Globalization in Geography?
In geography, globalization is defined as the set of processes (economic, social, cultural, technological,
institutional) that contribute to the relationship between societies and individuals around the world. It is
a progressive process by which exchanges and flows between different parts of the world are intensified
History
For some people, this global phenomenon is inherent to human nature. Because of this, some say
globalization begun about 60,000 years ago, at the beginning of human history. Throughout time,
human societies’ exchanging trade has been growing. Since the old times, different civilizations have
developed commercial trade routes and experienced cultural exchanges. And as well, the migratory
phenomenon has also been contributing to these populational exchanges. Especially nowadays, since
traveling became quicker, more comfortable, and more affordable.
This phenomenon has continued throughout history, notably through military conquests and
exploration expeditions. But it wasn’t until technological advances in transportation and communication
that globalization speeded up. It was particularly after the second half of the 20th century that world
trades accelerated in such a dimension and speed that the term “globalization” started to be commonly
used
Examples of Globalization .
Because of trade developments and financial exchanges, we often think of globalization as an economic
and financial phenomenon. Nonetheless, it includes a much wider field than just flowing of goods,
services or capital. Often referred to as the globalization concept map, some examples of globalization
are:
 Economic globalization: is the development of trade systems within transnational actors such as
corporations or NGOs;
 Financial globalization: can be linked with the rise of a global financial system with international
financial exchanges and monetary exchanges. Stock markets, for instance, are a great example
of the financially connected global world since when one stock market has a decline, it affects
other markets negatively as well as the economy as a whole.
 Cultural globalization: refers to the interpenetration of cultures which, as a consequence,

means nations adopt principles, beliefs, and costumes of other nations, losing their unique
culture to a unique, globalized supra-culture;
 Political globalization: the development and growing influence of international organizations

such as the UN or WHO means governmental action takes place at an international level. There
are other bodies operating a global level such as NGOs like Doctors without borders or Oxfam;
 Sociological globalization: information moves almost in real-time, together with the

interconnection and interdependence of events and their consequences. People move all the
time too, mixing and integrating different societies;
 Technological globalization: the phenomenon by which millions of people are interconnected

thanks to the power of the digital world via platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Skype or
Youtube.
 Geographic globalization: is the new organization and hierarchy of different regions of the
world that is constantly changing. Moreover, with transportation and flying made so easy and
affordable, apart from a few countries with demanding visas, it is possible to travel the world
without barely any restrictions;
 Ecological globalization: accounts for the idea of considering planet Earth as a single global
entity – a common good all societies should protect since the weather affects everyone and we
are all protected by the same atmosphere. To this regard, it is often said that the poorest
countries that have been polluting the least will suffer the most from climate change.

Globalization

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Globalization

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What is Globalization?

All Definitions of Globalization

A Simple Globalization Definition

An Official Definition of Globalization by the World Health Organization (WHO)

According to WHO, globalization can be defined as ” the increased interconnectedness and

What Is Globalization in the Economy?

According to the Committee for Development Policy

What Is Globalization in Geography?

 Cultural globalization: refers to the interpenetration of cultures which, as a consequence,

 Political globalization: the development and growing influence of international organizations

 Sociological globalization: information moves almost in real-time, together with the

 Technological globalization: the phenomenon by which millions of people are interconnected

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