CHAPTER 1 = 10𝑥 + 102 .

10𝑥

1. If𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2+1 = 10𝑥 (1 + 102 )

i) g(g(0)) = 101.10𝑥

g(0)=02+1=1 ii) f(x)f(2+x)

g(1)=12+1=2 =10x.102+x

ii) f(g(2)) = 10𝑥+2+𝑥

g(2)=22+1=5 = 102𝑥+2

f(5)=52=25 = 102(𝑥+1)
𝑓(𝑥)
2. f(x)=2x 𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝑓(2+𝑥)

i) f(x2)f(1) 10𝑥
=
2 102+𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 2 ) = 2𝑥
= 10𝑥−2−𝑥
f(1)=21
2
= 10−2
f(x2)f(1)=2𝑥 ×2 1

Iv f(f(2 + x)
𝑥 2 +1
=2
f(2 + x) = 102+x
𝑓(𝑥+3)
ii) 𝑓(−𝑥) 2+x
f(102+x ) = 1010
f(x+3)=2x+3 v) f(sin2x).f(cos2x)
f(-x)=2-x 2𝑥 2𝑥
= 10sin + 10cos
𝑓(𝑥+3) 2𝑥+3 2𝑥
= +cos2 𝑥
𝑓(−𝑥) 2−𝑥 = 10sin

= 2𝑥+3 −−𝑥 = 10

= 2𝑥+3 +𝑥 vi)THE QUESTION IS FAULTY

= 22𝑥+3 4) log 𝑎 216 = 3

iii) 𝑓(√𝑥) = 2√𝑥 216=a3

2 +1 a3=216
iv) f(x2+1)=2𝑥
a3=63
3. f(x)=10x
a=6
f(x)+f(2+x)=10𝑥 + 102+𝑥
ii)log 𝑎 625 = 4 𝑥𝐼𝑛 3 − 𝑥𝐼𝑛 6 = 3𝐼𝑛 6

625 = 𝑎4 𝑥(𝐼𝑛 3 − 𝐼𝑛 6) = 3𝐼𝑛 6

𝑎4 = 625 3𝐼𝑛6
𝑥= = −7.755
𝐼𝑛 3 − 𝐼𝑛6
𝑎4 = 54
c) 5𝑥+1 = 9
𝑎=5
𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠
iii) log 𝑎 1⁄4𝑎 = −2
𝐼𝑛5𝑥+1 = 𝐼𝑛9
1
= 𝑎−2 (𝑥 + 1)𝐼𝑛5 = 𝐼𝑛9
4𝑎
1 1 𝑥𝐼𝑛5 + 𝐼𝑛5 = 𝐼𝑛 9
= 2
4𝑎 𝑎 𝑥𝐼𝑛5 = 𝐼𝑛 9 − 𝐼𝑛5
𝑎2 = 4𝑎
𝐼𝑛 9 − 𝐼𝑛5
𝑥= = 0.3652
𝑎2 − 4𝑎 = 0 𝐼𝑛 5

𝑎(𝑎 − 4) = 0 d) 2𝑥−1 = 52𝑥+1

𝑎 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑎 = 4 𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠

iv) log14 𝑥 = 1/4 𝐼𝑛2𝑥−1 = 𝐼𝑛52𝑥+1

𝑥 = 141/4 (𝑥 − 1)𝐼𝑛2 = (2𝑥 + 1)𝐼𝑛5

𝑥 = 1.93 𝑥𝐼𝑛2 − 𝐼𝑛2 = 2𝑥𝐼𝑛5 + 𝐼𝑛5

5) 4𝑥 = 7 𝑥𝐼𝑛 − 2𝑥𝐼𝑛5 = 𝐼𝑛2 + 𝐼𝑛5

Take In of both sides 𝑥(𝐼𝑛 − 2𝐼𝑛5) = 𝐼𝑛2 + 𝐼𝑛5

𝐼𝑛 2 + 𝐼𝑛5
𝐼𝑛 4𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛 7 𝑥= = −0.912
𝐼𝑛 2 − 2𝐼𝑛5
𝑥 𝐼𝑛 4 = 𝐼𝑛 7
e)8𝑥+2 = 32𝑥−1
𝐼𝑛 7
𝑥= = 1.404 𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠
𝐼𝑛 4
b) 3𝑥 = 6𝑥+3 𝐼𝑛8𝑥+2 = 𝐼𝑛32𝑥−1

𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑥 + 2)𝐼𝑛8 = (2𝑥 − 1)𝐼𝑛3

𝐼𝑛 3𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛 6𝑥+3 𝑥𝐼𝑛8 + 2𝐼𝑛8 = 2𝑥𝐼𝑛3 − 𝐼𝑛3

𝑥𝐼𝑛 3 = (𝑥 + 3)𝐼𝑛 6 𝑥𝐼𝑛8 − 2𝑥𝐼𝑛3 = −𝐼𝑛3 − 2𝐼𝑛8

𝑥𝐼𝑛 3 = 𝑥𝐼𝑛 6 + 3𝐼𝑛 6 𝑥(𝐼𝑛8 − 2𝐼𝑛3) = −𝐼𝑛3 − 2𝐼𝑛8

 −𝐼𝑛3 − 2𝐼𝑛8 CHAPTER 2
𝑥= = 44.637
𝐼𝑛8 − 2𝐼𝑛3
1.) 𝑥 + 7 = 0
f) 7𝑥 = 42𝑥−1
𝑥 = −7
𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠
Point of discontinuity occurs when x is -7
𝐼𝑛7𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛42𝑥−1
b) 𝑥 − 1 = 0
𝑥𝐼𝑛7 = (2𝑥 − 1)𝐼𝑛4
𝑥=1
𝑥𝐼𝑛7 = 2𝑥𝐼𝑛4 − 𝐼𝑛4
Point of discontinuity occurs when x is 1
𝑥𝐼𝑛7 − 2𝑥𝐼𝑛4 = −𝐼𝑛4
c) 9 + 𝑥 = 0
𝑥(𝐼𝑛7 − 2𝐼𝑛4) = −𝐼𝑛4
𝑥 = −9
−𝐼𝑛4
𝑥= = 1.677
𝐼𝑛 7 − 2𝐼𝑛4 Point of discontinuity occurs when x is -9

2.a)lim(𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 − 6)
𝑥→2
X Floor ceiling
=(2)3+2(2)-6
5.23 5 6
0.2 0 1 =8+4-6=6
-7.1 -8 -7
3 3 3 4𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 2
-0.4 -1 0 𝑏. lim
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 1
1.9 1 2
4𝑥 3 𝑥2 𝑥 2
− 𝑥3 + 𝑥3 − 𝑥3
𝑥3
lim 3 3𝑥 2
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 3𝑥 1
+ − 𝑥3 + 𝑥3
𝑥3 𝑥3

1 1 2
4 − 𝑥 + 𝑥2 − 𝑥3
lim 3 3 1
𝑥→∞ 1 + 𝑥 − 𝑥2 + 𝑥3

1 1 2
4 − ∞ + ∞2 − ∞3
⇒ 3 3 1
1+ − +
∞ ∞2 ∞3

⇒ 4

3. Yes

4i) f(x) is continuous for all values of x except

at x = -3

ii) f(x) is continuous for all values of x

 𝑥−1
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 +𝑥−2 ⇒ 6

𝑥−1 B (i) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1, 𝑎 = 2

i) lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim 2
𝑥→0 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2
𝑥→0 (𝑥 2 + 1) − (𝑎2 + 1)
lim
0−1 𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
⇒ = 1/2
02 + 0 − 2 (𝑥 2 + 1 − 𝑎2 − 1)
lim
ii) i) lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim
𝑥−1 𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 𝑥 2 +𝑥−2
𝑥 2 − 𝑎2
𝑥
−
1 lim
𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥→0 𝑥 − 𝑎
= lim 2
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2
𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥2 (𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑎)
lim
1 1
− 𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
𝑥 𝑥2
= lim 1 2
𝑥→∞ 1+𝑥 − 2 lim 𝑥 + 𝑎
𝑥
𝑥→0
1 1
∞
− ∞2 ⇒0+2⇒2
⇒ 1 2
1 + ∞ − ∞2 (𝑎+𝑡)2 +1−(𝑎2 +1)
ii) lim
𝑡→0 𝑡
⇒0
𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑡 + 𝑡 2 + 1 − 𝑎2 − 1
𝑓(𝑥)−𝑓(𝑎) 𝑓(𝑎+𝑡)−𝑓(𝑎) lim
6. lim ; lim 𝑡→0 𝑡
𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎 𝑡→0 𝑡

𝑡(2𝑎 + 𝑡)
A (i) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 , 𝑎 = 3 lim
𝑡→0 𝑡
𝑥 2 − 𝑎2
lim lim(2𝑎 + 𝑡)
𝑥→0 𝑥 − 𝑎 𝑡→0

(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑎) ⇒ (2(2) + 0) = 4
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
Ci) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥, 𝑎 = 0
lim 𝑥 + 𝑎
𝑥→0 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − (3𝑎2 − 𝑎)
lim
⇒0+3⇒3 𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎

(𝑎+𝑡)2 −(𝑎)2 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 3𝑎2 + 𝑎

ii ) lim lim
𝑡→0 𝑡 𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎

𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑡 + 𝑡 2 − 𝑎2 3𝑥 2 − 3𝑎2 − (𝑥 − 𝑎)
lim lim
𝑡→0 𝑡 𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
𝑡(2𝑎 + 𝑡) 3(𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 ) − (𝑥 − 𝑎)
lim lim
𝑡→0 𝑡 𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
lim(2𝑎 + 𝑡) 3(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑎) − (𝑥 − 𝑎)
𝑡→0 lim
𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
⇒ (2(3) + 0)
 (𝑥 − 𝑎)(3(𝑥 + 𝑎) − 1) ⇒ 12𝑥 2
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥− 𝑎
1 − 22𝑥
lim 3(𝑥 + 𝑎) − 1 lim
𝑥→0 1 + 2𝑥
𝑥→0

⇒ 3(0+0)-1 (1 − 2𝑥 )(1 + 2𝑥 )
lim
𝑥→0 1 + 2𝑥
⇒ −1
lim(1 − 2𝑥 )
𝑥→0
3(𝑎+𝑡)2 −(𝑎+𝑡)−(3𝑎2 −𝑎)
ii) lim
𝑡→0 𝑡 ⇒ 1 − 20
3𝑎2 + 6𝑎𝑡 + 3𝑡 2 − 𝑎 − 𝑡 − 3𝑎2 + 𝑎 ⇒0
lim
𝑡→0 𝑡
𝑥 2 −𝑥
𝑡(6𝑎 + 3𝑡 − 1) iv) lim
𝑥→0 𝑥
lim
𝑡→0 𝑡
𝑥 (𝑥 − 1)
⇒ −1 lim
𝑥→0 𝑥
𝑥 4 −𝑎4 lim(𝑥 − 1)
7. lim 𝑥→0
𝑥→𝑎 𝑥−𝑎

(𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 )(𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 ) ⇒ 0 − 1 = −1
lim
𝑥→𝑎 𝑥−𝑎 v) lim (1 − log10 𝑥)
𝑥→10
(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 )
lim ⇒ 1 − log10 10
𝑥→𝑎 𝑥−𝑎
lim (𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 ) ⇒1−1=0
𝑥→𝑎

⇒ (𝑎 + 𝑎)(𝑎2 + 𝑎2 )

⇒ 2𝑎 × 2𝑎2 ⇒ 4𝑎3
CHAPTER 3
4(𝑥 + ℎ)3 − 4𝑥 3
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ 1. 𝑓(𝑥) =
1
𝑥2
4(𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 ℎ + 3𝑥ℎ2 + ℎ3 ) − 4𝑥 3
lim 1
ℎ→0 ℎ 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) =
(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)2
4𝑥 3 + 12𝑥 2 ℎ + 12𝑥ℎ2 + 4ℎ3 − 4𝑥 3
lim 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥)
ℎ→0 ℎ 𝑓′(𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
ℎ(12𝑥 2 + 12𝑥ℎ + 4ℎ2 )
lim 1 1
ℎ→0 ℎ (𝑥+𝛥𝑥)2
− 𝑥2
= lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
lim (12𝑥 2 + 12𝑥ℎ + 4ℎ 2)
ℎ→0
1 1
− 𝑥2
𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝛥𝑥+𝛥𝑥 2
⇒ 12𝑥 2 + 12𝑥(0) + 4(0)2 = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝛥𝑥 − 𝛥𝑥 2 𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
= lim 2 = 𝐶; =𝐷
𝛥𝑥→0 (𝑥 )(𝛥𝑥)(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝛥𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 2 ) 2 2

𝛥𝑥(−2𝑥 − 𝛥𝑥) 𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵

= lim ⇒ sinA − sinB = 2cos 𝑠𝑖𝑛
𝛥𝑥→0 𝑥 𝛥𝑥(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝛥𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 2 )
2 2 2

−2𝑥−0 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐴 = 2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥; 𝐵 = 2𝑥

⇒𝑥 2(𝑥 2 +0)
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
2cos 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2 2
−2𝑥 𝑓′(𝑥) = lim
⇒ 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
𝑥4
2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥+2𝑥 2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥−2𝑥
−2 2 cos ( ) sin ( )
2 2
𝑓′(𝑥) = 3 = lim
𝑥 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥

2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1 2 cos(2𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥

= lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) = (𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)2 + 1
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥) = lim2cos (2𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
As limit tends to 0
2
(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) + 1 − (x 2 + 1)
= lim 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 = 2 cos(2x + 0) × 1 (where 1 = lim )
𝛥𝑥
𝛥𝑥→0
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝛥𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 2 + 1 − 𝑥 2 − 1
= lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝛥𝑥(2𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) 4. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
= lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) = cos 2(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)
⇒ 2x + 0 ⇒ 2x
𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = sin 2𝑥 𝑓′(𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) cos (𝐶 + 𝐷) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐶𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐷 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐷
sin(2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 −
cos(𝐶 − 𝐷) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐶𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐷 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐷
𝑓′(𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
⇒ cos(𝐶 + 𝐷) − cos(𝐶 − 𝐷) =
𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙 −2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐷
sin(𝐶 + 𝐷) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐷 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐷 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝐴 = 𝐶 + 𝐷; 𝐵 = 𝐶 − 𝐷
−
sin(𝐶 − 𝐷) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐷 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐷 𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
= 𝐶; =𝐷
⇒ sin(𝐶 + 𝐷) − sin(𝐶 − 𝐷) 2 2
= 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐷 𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐵 = −2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2 2
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝐴 = 𝐶 + 𝐷; 𝐵 = 𝐶 − 𝐷
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐴 = 2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥; 𝐵 = 2𝑥
 𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵 𝑥+𝛥𝑥 𝑥
−2sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 − 𝑥+1
2 2 𝑥+𝛥𝑥+1
𝑓′(𝑥) = lim 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥+2𝑥 2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥−2𝑥 (𝑥+𝛥𝑥)(𝑥+1)−𝑥(𝑥+𝛥𝑥+1)
−2 sin ( ) sin ( ) (𝑥+𝛥𝑥+1)(𝑥+1)
2 2
= lim 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
sin(2𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑥𝛥𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝛥𝑥 − 𝑥
= −2lim = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 1)
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥 𝛥𝑥
= −2lim sin (2𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 1)
As limit tends to 0 1
= lim
𝛥𝑥→0 (𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 1)
= −2 sin(2x + 0) × 1 (where 1 =
1
⇒
lim
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥
) (𝑥 + 0 + 1)(𝑥 + 1)
𝛥𝑥
𝛥𝑥→0
1
⇒
= −2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 (x + 1)2

5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1 7. 𝑓(𝑥) = tan 2𝑥

𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) = (𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)2 + 3(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) + 1 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)

𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥) − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim 𝑓′(𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
(𝑥+𝛥𝑥)2 +3(𝑥+𝛥𝑥)+1−(𝑥 2 +3𝑥+1) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim − 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥)
𝑓′(𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
′ 𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝛥𝑥+𝛥𝑥 2 +3𝑥+3𝛥𝑥 +1−𝑥 2 −3𝑥−1
𝑓 (𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝑓′(𝑥)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥)𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
𝛥𝑥(2𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 + 3) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim (2𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 + 3) 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙, sin(𝐴 − 𝐵)
𝛥𝑥→0
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐵 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵
= (2𝑥 + 0 + 3)
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝐴 = 2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥; 𝐵 = 2𝑥
= 2𝑥 + 3
sin(2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥 − 2𝑥) ⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝛥𝑥
𝑥
6. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥+1
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − cos(2𝑥 +
𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 2𝛥𝑥) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) =
𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥 + 1
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝛥𝑥
∴ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥) 𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙, 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝛥𝑥 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛥𝑥 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 8 = 0

2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛥𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 − 4) − 2(𝑥 − 4) = 0

⇒ lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑥 + 2𝛥𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − 2) = 0
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛥𝑥
𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙, lim =1 𝑥 = 4 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2
𝛥𝑥
𝛥𝑥→0
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 4 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 [3,5]
cos0
⇒2×1×
cos(2x + 2(0)) cos2x 𝑓(4) = 43 − 9(4)2 + 24(4)

1 = 64 − 144 + 96
=2×
cos2 2𝑥
= 16
2
= 2 sec 2𝑥
𝑓(3) = 33 − 9(3)2 + 24(3)
2
8. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 + 2𝑥)
= 27 − 81 + 72
2
𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) = (𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)((𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) +
2(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥)) = 18

𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓(5) = 53 − 9(5)2 + 24(5)

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥 = 125 − 225 + 120
(𝑥+𝛥𝑥)((𝑥+𝛥𝑥)2 +2(𝑥+𝛥𝑥))−𝑥(𝑥 2 +2𝑥)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim = 20
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥

(𝑥+𝛥𝑥)(𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝛥𝑥+𝛥𝑥 2 +2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓(4) < 𝑓(3), 𝑓(4) < 𝑓(5);
−𝑥 3 −2𝑥 2
= lim 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑓(4)
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥

𝑥 3 +2𝑥 2 𝛥𝑥+𝑥𝛥𝑥 2 +2𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝛥𝑥+𝑥 2 𝛥𝑥+ 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 [1,3]
2𝑥𝛥𝑥 2 +𝛥𝑥 3 +2𝑥𝛥𝑥+2𝛥𝑥 2 −𝑥 3 −2𝑥 2
= == lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
𝑓(2) = 23 − 9(2)2 + 24(2)
𝛥𝑥(2𝑥 2 +𝑥𝛥𝑥+2𝑥+𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝛥𝑥+
𝛥𝑥 2 +2𝑥+2𝛥𝑥) = 8 − 36 + 48
= lim
𝛥𝑥→0 𝛥𝑥
= 20
⇒ 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥(0) + 4𝑥 + (0)2 + 2(0)
𝑓(1) = 13 − 9(1)2 + 24(1)
2
⇒ 3x + 4x
= 1 − 9 + 24
Exercise 2
= 16
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 + 24𝑥
𝑓(3) = 33 − 9(3)2 + 24(3)
′ 2
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 18𝑥 + 24
= 27 − 81 + 72
3𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 24 = 0
= 18
𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 8 = 0
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓(2) > 𝑓(1), 𝑓(2) > 𝑓(1);
𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑓(2) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓(−1) < 𝑓(0), 𝑓(−1) < 𝑓(−2);

b) 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 + 3 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = −1

𝑦 ′ = 4𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 1 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 [0,2]

4𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 = 0 𝑓(1) = (1)4 − 2(1)2 + 3

4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1) = 0 =1−2+3

4𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 2 − 1 = 0 =2

𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = ±1 𝑓(0) = 04 − 2(0)2 + 3

𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 0 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 [−1,1] =3

𝑓(0) = 04 − 2(0)2 + 3 𝑓(2) = (2)4 − 2(2)2 + 3

=3 = 16 − 8 + 3

𝑓(−1) = (−1)4 − 2(−1)2 + 3 = 11

=1−2+3 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓(1) < 𝑓(0); 𝑓(1) < 𝑓(2)

=2 𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 1

𝑓(1) = (1)4 − 2(1)2 + 3 Exercise 3

=1−2+3 𝑥2
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥+1
=2
𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 [1,2]
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓(0) > 𝑓(−1)& 𝑓(0) > 𝑓(1);
12 1
𝑓(1) = =
𝑎 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 0 1+1 2

𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −1 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 [0, −2] 22 4

𝑓(2) = =
2+1 3
𝑓(−1) = (−1)4 − 2(−1)2 + 3
𝑓(𝑏) − 𝑓(𝑎)
𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙, = 𝑓 ′ (𝑐)
=1−2+3 𝑏−𝑎
4⁄ − 1⁄ 8−3
=2
3 2= 6
𝑓(0) = 04 − 2(0)2 + 3 2−1 1
5
=3 = = 𝑓 ′ (𝑐)
6
𝑓(−2) = (−2)4 − 2(−2)2 + 3 (𝑥 + 1)(2𝑥) − 𝑥 2 (1)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) =
= 16 − 8 + 3 (𝑥 + 1)2

= 11
 (2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) − 𝑥 2 3𝑐 2 − 2𝑐 − 4 = 0
=
(𝑥 + 1)2
− − 2 ± √(−2)2 − 4(3 × −4)
2
𝑥 + 2𝑥 𝑐=
= 2(3)
(𝑥 + 1)2
2 ± √52
′ 𝑐 2 +2𝑐 5 c=
𝑓 (𝑐) = =
(𝑐+1)2 6
6

6(𝑐 2 + 2𝑐) = 5(𝑐 2 + 2𝑐 + 1) 1 ± √13

=
3
6𝑐 2 + 12𝑐 = 5𝑐 2 + 10𝑐 + 5
since the value of c within the given boundary is
2
𝑐 + 2𝑐 − 5 = 0
1−√13
;
3
−2 ± √4 + 20 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑦 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑐=
2
3. 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 −2≤𝑥 ≤
−2 ± √24
= 3
2
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑀𝑉𝑇
−2 ± 2√6
=
2 𝑔(−2) = 3(−2)3 − 9(−2)2 − 3(−2)

= −1 + √6 or − 1 − √6 = −24 − 36 + 6

since − 1 + √6 𝑖𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 ; = −54

𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑤𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑦 𝒚 𝑖𝑠 𝑔(3) = 3(3)3 − 9(3)2 − 3(3)

− 1 + √6
= 81 − 81 − 9
2. x 2 − x 3 − 2 ≤ x ≤ 1
= −9
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑀𝑉𝑇 −9 − −54
= 9 = 𝑔′ (𝑐)
𝑓(−2) = (−2)2 − (−2)3 = 12 3 − −2
𝑔′ (𝑥) = 9𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 − 3
𝑓(1) = 12 − 13 = 0

0 − 12 𝑔′ (𝑐) = 9𝑐 2 − 18𝑐 − 3
𝑓 ′ (𝑐) =
1 − −2 9𝑐 2 − 18𝑐 − 3 = 9
−12
= 9𝑐 2 − 18𝑐 − 12 = 0
3
𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦;
= −4
𝑐 = 2.53 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 0.53
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 3𝑥 2
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐 𝑔𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒
𝑓 ′ (𝑐) = 2𝑐 − 3𝑐 2 = −4
𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑡 𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 3.𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥

𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 6

𝐸𝑥𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑒 4 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 8 2𝑥 − 6 > 0

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 12 ⇒𝑥>3

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0 ∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 [3, ∞]

3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 12 > 0 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) < 0

𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 > 0 ⇒𝑥<3

𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 4 > 0 ∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 [−∞, 3]

⇒𝑥>2 4. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 3 + 10𝑥 2 + 40

∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 (2, ∞) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − 24𝑥 2 + 20𝑥

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) < 0 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0

⇒𝑥<2 𝑥(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5) > 0

∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 (−∞, 2) 𝑥(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 𝑥 + 5) > 0

2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 𝑥(𝑥(𝑥 − 5) − 1(𝑥 − 5)) > 0

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 9𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 5) > 0

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0 ⇒ 𝑥 > 0; 𝑥 > 1; 𝑥 > 5 𝑜𝑟
9𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 > 0 𝑥 < 0; 𝑥 < 1; 𝑥 < 5
3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 > 0 ∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 [5, ∞] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 [0, −1]
𝑥(3𝑥 − 4) > 0 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) < 0
4 4 ⇒ 𝑥 > 0; 𝑥 < 1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 < 0; 𝑥 > 1
⇒ 𝑥 > 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 > 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 < 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 <
3 3
⇒ 𝑥 > 1; 𝑥 < 5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 < 1; 𝑥 > 5
∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 [−∞, 0]& [4⁄3 , ∞]
∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 [1,5] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 [−∞, 0]
′ (𝑥)
𝑓 <0

4 4
⇒ 𝑥 > 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 < 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 < 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 >
3 3

∴ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛 [0, 4⁄3] CHAPTER 4

EXERCISE 1 𝑢 = 𝑥 3 ; 𝑣 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 2

1. 𝑦 = 𝑒 5𝑥 (3𝑥 + 1) 𝑤 = 5𝑥 2 ; 𝑣 = sin 𝑤

𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑟𝑢𝑙𝑒 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑤

= ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑒 5𝑥 ; 𝑣 = 3𝑥 + 1
= cos 𝑤 × 10𝑥
𝑑𝑢
= 5𝑒 5𝑥 = 10𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑢
=3 = 3𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙, =𝑣 +𝑢 =𝑣 +𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = (𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 2 )(3𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 3 (10𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 2 )
= (3𝑥 + 1)5𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝑒 5𝑥 (3)
𝑑𝑥
= 3𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 2
5𝑥
= 𝑒 (15𝑥 + 5 + 3)
4. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 cos 2 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒 5𝑥 (15𝑥 + 8) 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑢 = 𝑥2; = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
2. 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑣 = cos 2 𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑥; 𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑤 = cos 𝑥; 𝑣 = 𝑤 2
𝑤 = 2𝑥; 𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑤
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑤
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑤 = ×
= × 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑤 × −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
= − sin 𝑤 × 2
= 2(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
= −2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑤
= −𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
= −2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑢 =𝑣 +𝑢
=1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = cos 2 𝑥(2𝑥) + (𝑥 2 )(−𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)
=𝑣 +𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥(1) + 𝑥(−2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

= 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥(2 cos 2 𝑥 − 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
3. 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 2
QUOTIENT RULE
 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = (3𝑥 + 1)(−2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥) + (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥)3
1. 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝑥
= 3𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)(3𝑥 + 1)
𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥; 𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑦 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥; = −9𝑠𝑖𝑛9𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣2
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑦 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 (𝑒 2𝑥 )(3𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)(3𝑥 + 1)) −
= (3𝑥 + 1)(𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥)(2𝑒 2𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑣2 =
(𝑒 2𝑥 )2
(𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝑥)(cos x) − (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)(−9𝑠𝑖𝑛9𝑥)
= (3𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥−2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)(3𝑥+1))−
(𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝑥)2
(3𝑥+1)(2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥)
=
𝑒 2𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 9𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛9𝑥
=
(𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝑥)2 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
4. 𝑦 = 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
2. 𝑦 = 2𝑥+5 𝑢 = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥; 𝑣 = 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥; 𝑣 = 2𝑥 + 5 𝑑𝑣
= −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
= 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥; =2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑢 = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑦 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤
= 𝑤 = 𝑥; =1
𝑑𝑥 𝑣2 𝑑𝑥

(2𝑥 + 5)(2 cos2 x) − (𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)(2) 𝑑𝑧

= 𝑧 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥; = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
(2𝑥 + 5)2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
2((2𝑥 + 5)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥) = 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
= 𝑑𝑥
(2𝑥 + 5)2
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
(3𝑥+1)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑑𝑥
3. 𝑦 = =
𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣2
𝑑𝑣 (1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)−(𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)(−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
𝑣 = 𝑒 2𝑥 ; = 2𝑒 2𝑥 = (1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = (3𝑥 + 1)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 (1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)+𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
=
(1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)2
𝑤 = 3𝑥 + 1; 𝑧 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑒 4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
5. 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑤𝑧
𝑢 = 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑧
= 3; = −2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑎 = 𝑒 4𝑥 ; 𝑏 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑏
=𝑤 +𝑧 = 4𝑒 4𝑥 ; = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 2𝑥 4 + 4𝑥 3
= 𝑒 4𝑥 (cos x) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥(4𝑒 4𝑥 ) =
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)3
= 𝑒 4𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) EXERCISE 3
𝑣 = 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑒 4𝑥
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ3𝑥
𝑐 = 𝑥; 𝑑 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠
𝑑𝑐 𝑑𝑑
= 1; = −2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝐼𝑛 𝑦 = 𝐼𝑛 𝑒 4𝑥 − 𝐼𝑛 𝑥 3 − 𝐼𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ3𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑟𝑡 𝑥
= 𝑥(−2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑦
. =
𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
1 1 1
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 . 4𝑒 4𝑥 − 𝑥 3 . 3𝑥 2 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ3𝑥 . 3𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ3𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑒 4𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑣2 𝑑𝑦 𝑒 4𝑥 3
= 𝑥 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ3𝑥 [4 − 𝑥 − 3𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ3𝑥]
𝑑𝑥
(𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥)(𝑒 4𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)) −
(3𝑥+1)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑒 4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥(𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥) 2. 𝑦 =
= 𝑒 2𝑥
(𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥)2
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠

𝐼𝑛 𝑦 = 𝐼𝑛 (3𝑥 + 1) + 𝐼𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 𝐼𝑛 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑥4
6. 𝑦 = (𝑥+1)2
𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑟𝑡 𝑥
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑑𝑦
𝑢 = 𝑥4; = 4𝑥 3 . =
𝑑𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑣 = (𝑥 + 1)2 1 1 1
. 3 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 . (−2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥) − 𝑒 2𝑥 . 2𝑒 2𝑥
3𝑥+1
𝑤 = 𝑥 + 1; 𝑣 = 𝑤 2
𝑑𝑦 (3𝑥+1)𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 3
= [3𝑥+1 − 2𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 − 2]
𝑑𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑤
= ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑤 × 1 3. 𝑦 = 𝑥 5 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥
= 2(𝑥 + 1) 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑦 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝐼𝑛 𝑦 = 𝐼𝑛 𝑥 5 + 𝐼𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 + 𝐼𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑣2
𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑟𝑡 𝑥
(𝑥 + 1)2 (4𝑥 3 ) − (𝑥 4 )(2)(𝑥 + 1)
= 1 𝑑𝑦
(𝑥 + 1)4 . =
𝑦 𝑑𝑥
1 1 1
. 5𝑥 4 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 . 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥 . −4𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥 = −7sin (7𝑥 + 2)
𝑥5

𝑑𝑦 2. 𝑦 = (4𝑥 − 5)6
𝑑𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 4𝑥 − 5; 𝑦 = 𝑢6
5
= 𝑥 5 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥[𝑥 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝑥 − 4𝑡𝑎𝑛4𝑥] 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 3 −1)𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥
4. 𝑦 = 𝑥6 = 6𝑢5 × 4
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 = 24𝑢5
𝐼𝑛 𝑦 = 𝐼𝑛 (𝑥 3 − 1) + 𝐼𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 − 𝐼𝑛 𝑥 6 = 24(4𝑥 − 5)6
𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑟𝑡 𝑥 3. 𝑦 = 𝑒 3−𝑥
1 𝑑𝑦
. = 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 3 − 𝑥; 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑢
𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
1 1 1 = ×
. 3𝑥 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 . 5𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 − 𝑥 6 . 6𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 3 −1

𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 3 −1)𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 3𝑥 2 6 = 𝑒 𝑢 × −1
= [𝑥 3−1 + 5𝑐𝑜𝑡5𝑥 − 𝑥]
𝑑𝑥 𝑥6
= −𝑒 𝑢
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥
5. 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥
= −𝑒 (3−𝑥)
𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠
4. 𝑦 = sin2x
𝐼𝑛 𝑦 = 𝐼𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 + 𝐼𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 − 𝐼𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 2𝑥; 𝑦 = sin 𝑢
𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑟𝑡 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
1 𝑑𝑦 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 3𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥 4𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥
= ×
. = − + 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 cos 4𝑥
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 × 2
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥
= [2𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝑥 − 3𝑡𝑎𝑛3𝑥 + = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥
4𝑡𝑎𝑛4𝑥]
5. 𝑦 = cos(𝑥 2 )
EXERCISE 4.
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 ; 𝑦 = cos 𝑢
1. 𝑦 = cos(7𝑥 + 2)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= ×
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 7𝑥 + 2; 𝑦 = cos 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢 × 2𝑥
= 𝑑𝑢 × 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
= −2𝑥sin (𝑥 2 )
= −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢 × 7
6. 𝑦 = 𝐼𝑛(3 − 4 cos 𝑥) = −3tan 3𝑥

𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 3 − 4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥; 𝑦 = In 𝑢 Exercise 5

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 1. 𝑦 = 1 + 2𝑥 5
= ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 10𝑥 4
1
= × 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑢 𝑦 ′′ = 40𝑥 3
4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
= 3−4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 2. 𝑦 = (3𝑥 2 − 4)4

7. 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 3𝑥 2 − 4; 𝑦 = 𝑢4

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑣 = 2𝑥; 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑣; 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑢 = ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
= × × = 4𝑢3 × 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 𝑢 × cos 𝑣 × 2 = 24𝑥(3𝑥 2 − 4)3

= 2𝑒 𝑢 cos 𝑣 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑣 = ( 3𝑥 2 − 4)3

𝑤=𝑥
= 2𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑧 = 3𝑥 2 − 4
8. check N0. 4
𝑣 = 𝑧3
9. 𝑦 = cos3 (3𝑥)
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑧
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 3𝑥; 𝑣 = cos 𝑢 ; 𝑦 = 𝑣 3 = ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑢
= × × = 3𝑧 2 × 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
= 18𝑥(3𝑥 2 − 4)2
= 3𝑣 2 × − sin 𝑢 × 3
𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑣
= −9 cos2 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢 𝑦 ′′ = 24 (𝑣 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑤 𝑑𝑥)

= −9 cos2 3𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥 = 24(( 3𝑥 2 − 4)3 (1) + 𝑥(18𝑥)(3𝑥 2 −

4)2 )
10. 𝑦 = 𝐼𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝑥
= 24(3𝑥 2 − 4)2 ( 21𝑥 2 − 4)
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = cos 3𝑥 ; 𝑦 = In 𝑢
3. 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 2 + 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= 𝑑𝑢 × 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 4𝑥 3 − 16𝑥
1
= × −3𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥 𝑦 ′′ = 12𝑥 2 − 16
𝑢

=
−3𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥 4. 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 + 7
𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 3𝑥 2 ′
5𝑦 3 − 2𝑥
𝑦 =
2𝑦 − 15𝑥𝑦 2
𝑦 ′′ = 6𝑥

5. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 20

𝑦 ′ = 6𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 12

𝑦 ′′ = 12𝑥 + 6

EXERCISE 6

1. 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 − 3𝑥𝑦 = 8

3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ − 3[𝑥𝑦′ + 𝑦] = 0

3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ − 3𝑥𝑦 ′ − 3𝑦 = 0

𝑦 ′ [3𝑦 2 − 3𝑥] = 3𝑦 − 3𝑥 2

′
3𝑦 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥 2
𝑦 = 2 =
3𝑦 − 3𝑥 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 CHAPTER 5
2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 3 − 4𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 26 Exercise 1
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ − 4 + 4𝑦 ′ = 0 1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥
2 + 6𝑦𝑦 ′′ = 0 1

2 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥
𝑦" = − 6𝑦
0

1 1
= − 3𝑦
= ∫(𝑥 2 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥
3. 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 4𝑥𝑦 2 = 5 0

1
3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + 4[𝑥. 2𝑦𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 2 ] = 0 𝑥3 𝑥2
=[ − ]
3 2 0
3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + 8𝑥𝑦𝑦 ′ = −4𝑦 2 − 3𝑥 2
13 12 03 02
𝑦 ′ [3𝑦 2 + 8𝑥𝑦] = −4𝑦 2 − 3𝑥 2 = [ − ]−[ − ]
3 2 3 2
′
−4𝑦 2 − 3𝑥 2
𝑦 = 1 1
3𝑦 2 + 8𝑥𝑦 = −
3 2
4. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 5𝑥𝑦 3 + 9 = 0 2−3
=
6
2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ − 5[𝑥. 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 3 ] = 0
1
𝑦 ′ [2𝑦 − 15𝑥𝑦 2 ] = 5𝑦 3 − 2𝑥 =−
6
2. 𝑥 2 − 9 = 4 − 7𝑥 2 𝑥(𝑥 + 3) − 2(𝑥 + 3) = 0

𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 2 = 4 + 9 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2) = 0

8𝑥 2 = 13 𝑥 − 2 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 + 3 = 0

13 𝑥 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −3
𝑥2 =
8 2
𝐴 = ∫−3 (4 − 3𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) − (−2𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥
13
𝑥 = ±√ 2
= ∫−3 (4 − 3𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 2)𝑑𝑥
8
2
√
13
8
= ∫ (– 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 6)𝑑𝑥
2 2 )𝑑𝑥
𝐴=∫ 13
(𝑥 − 9) − (4 − 7𝑥 −3
−√
8
2
−𝑥 3 𝑥 2
13 =[ − + 6𝑥]
√
8
3 2 −3
𝐴=∫ 8𝑥 2 − 13 𝑑𝑥
13
−√
8 −(2)3 (2)2
=[ − + 6(2)]
3 2
13
√
8𝑥 3 8
− [−
(−3)3
−
(−3)2
+ 6(−3)]
=[ − 13𝑥] 3 2
3 −√
13
8
22 27
= −−
13
3
13
3 2
8(√ ) 8(−√ )3
8 13 8
=[ − 13(√ 8 )]-[ − 125
3 3 =
6
13
13(−√ 8 ) ]
5
= 20 6
= 5.524 − 16.572 + 5.524 − 16.572

= −22.096

3. The question is faulty

EXERCISE 2
2
4. 𝑦 = 4 − 3𝑥 − 𝑥
X 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2 Y 3.2 2.7 2.9 3.5 4.1 5.2

4 − 3𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = −2𝑥 − 2
3.6
−𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 4 + 2 = 0 ∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
2.1
2
–𝑥 − 𝑥 + 6 = 0 𝑏−𝑎 3.6−2.1
Δ𝑥 = =
𝑛 5
𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 = 0
= 0.3
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 6 = 0
 𝑏 Δx
∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 ≈ [f(x0 ) + f(x5 ) + Σ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ 55. 19.919 7.48
2
6
2(f(x1 ) + f(x2 ) + f(x3 ) + f(x4 ) )] 1
𝐴≈ [55.6 + 4(19.919) + 2(7.48)]
≈
0.3
[3.2 + 5.2 + 2(2.7 + 2.9 + 3.5 + 9
2
4.1)] 𝐴 ≈ 16.69
2
≈ 5.22 3. ∫0 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

EXERCISE 3 𝑏−𝑎 2−0 1

Δ𝑥 = = =3
𝑛 6
4
1. ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 Δ𝑥
0 𝐴= [(𝐹 + 𝐿) + 4𝐸 + 2𝑅]
3
𝑏−𝑎 4−0 2
Δ𝑥 = = =3 S/ 𝑥 2𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 F+L E R
𝑛 6
N
S/ 𝑥 𝑥2 F+ E R 1 0 0 1 1
N L 2 ⁄ ⁄
1 3 2 3 1.9 1.94
1 0 0 0 48 8
2 ⁄
2 3 4⁄9 4⁄9 3 2⁄3 4⁄3 3.7 3.79
3 4⁄3 16⁄9 16⁄9 94 4
4 2 4 4 4 1 2 7.3 7.38
5 8⁄3 64⁄9 64⁄9 89 9
6 10⁄3 100⁄9 100⁄9 5 4⁄3 8⁄3 14. 14.3
7 4 16 16 392 92
Σ ⇒ ⇒ 16 140⁄9 80⁄9 6 5⁄3 10⁄3 28. 28.0
2 1 140 80 032 32
𝐴 ≈ × [16 + 4 ( ) + 2 ( )]
3 3 9 9 7 2 4 54. 54.5
598 98
1
𝐴 ≈ 21 Σ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ 55.5 37.3 18.1
3 98 69 86
2 2 1
2. ∫0 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝐴≈ [55.598 + 4(37.369)
9
𝑏−𝑎 2−0 1 + 2(18.186)]
Δ𝑥 = = =3
𝑛 6
𝐴 ≈ 26.827
S/ 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑒 𝑥2 F+ E R
N L 4. √1 − 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥
1 0 0 1 1
𝑏−𝑎 1−0 1
2 1⁄3 1⁄9 1.118 1.118 Δ𝑥 = = =6
𝑛 6
3 2⁄3 4⁄9 1.56 1.56
4 1 1 2.718 2.718 Δ𝑥
𝐴= [(𝐹 + 𝐿) + 4𝐸 + 2𝑅]
3
5 4⁄3 16⁄9 5.92 5.92
6 5⁄3 25⁄9 16.08 16.083 S/N 𝑥 𝑥4 1 − 𝑥4
√1 − 𝑥 4
3 1 0 0 1 1
7 2 4 54.6 54. 2 1⁄6 0.0008 0.9992 0.9996
6
3 1⁄3 0.0123 0.9877 0.9938 1ST EDITION OF CONCISE MTH102
4 1⁄2 0.0625 0.9375 0.9682 WORKBOOK SOLUTION
5 2⁄3 0.1975 0.8025 0.8958
6 5⁄6 0.4823 0.5177 0.7195
7 1 1 0 0
Σ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒
Table cont’d…..
APPRECIATION
F+L E R MY SINCERE APPRECIATION GOES TO ALL
1
LECTURERS IN MATHEMATICS
0.9996
0.9938 DEPARTMENT, FUOYE
0.9682 WRITTEN AND COMPILED BY ADEBAICY
0.8958
(ADEJUMO OLUWAPELUMI); AN
0.7195
0 ENGINEERING STUDENT OF FUOYE
1 2.6873 1.8896 CONTACT:
1⁄6
𝐴≈ [1 + 4(2.6873) + 2(1.8896)]
3 [email protected],08180228170
1
𝐴 ≈ 18 [15.5284] SUPPORTED BY:

𝐴 ≈ 0.8627 HON. OMOLUABI (ONITILO ENIOLA)

REFERENCE

CONCISE MTH 102 WORKBOOK