Cópia de Aluno Lucas - 20240530 - 134534 - 0000

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 51

Direct

Speech
can you explain it?
Examples
She said, "I love to read books."
In this example, the speaker's exact words ("I love to read
books") are enclosed in quotation marks.

John exclaimed, "What a beautiful sunset!"


Here, John's statement is directly quoted within quotation marks.
Examples
"Pass me the salt," he requested.
In this case, the entire sentence is in direct speech because it
directly quotes the speaker's request.

Mary asked, "Did you finish your homework?"


The question Mary asked is presented in direct speech within the
quotation marks.
Definition:
Direct speech, also known as quoted speech, is when
you report someone's words exactly as they were
spoken. In direct speech, you enclose the spoken
words in quotation marks to indicate that they are the
exact words spoken by the speaker.
Indirect Speech

what comes to your mind?


Examples:
She said that she was going to the store.

In the direct speech "I am going to the store" becomes "She said
that she was going to the store" in indirect speech. Note the
changes in pronouns (from "I" to "she") and verb tense (from
"am" to "was").
Examples:
He said that they would arrive at 3:00 PM..

the direct speech "They will arrive at 3:00 PM" becomes "He said
that they would arrive at 3:00 PM" in indirect speech. Here, the
verb tense is changed from "will" to "would" to reflect the shift
from present to future in relation to the reporting context.
Structure:
1. Verbo de Relato: Comece com um verbo de relato, como "said,"
"asked," "told," ou similar.
2. Sujeito: Indique o sujeito da cláusula de relato, geralmente a pessoa
que falou no discurso direto.
3. Cláusula de Relato: Introduza a cláusula de relato com "that" (ou
"if" em algumas situações) para conectar o discurso direto ao
discurso indireto. Aqui, você relata o que foi dito no discurso direto,
ajustando os tempos verbais conforme necessário.
Definition:
Indirect speech, also known as reported speech or indirect
discourse, is a way of reporting or paraphrasing what someone
else has said without quoting their exact words. In indirect
speech, you convey the meaning or content of the original
statement while adjusting it to fit into your own sentence
structure. This often involves changing verb tenses, pronouns,
and other elements to reflect the new context.
Game!

Listen to the audio and


answer who say what?
What does Miyagi
said?
Listen to the audio and answer who say what?
What does he said?
“You must not. Is okay to lose to opponent.
Must not lose to fear!”

Now said it in Indirect Speech


What does he said?
“You stay focused. Daniel-san, your best karate
skill is still inside you. now time let out.”

Now said it in Indirect Speech


What does Daniel
said?
Listen to the audio and answer who say what?
What does he said?
“Yeah well I’m afraid. I’m afraid of him, all
right?”

Now said it in Indirect Speech


Second Condition
The second conditional is often used to
discuss things that are unlikely or
impossible at the moment but could
happen in the future if the conditions
change. It helps convey a sense of
speculation or wishful thinking.
Examples:
If I had more free time, I would learn how to play the
piano. (Hypothetical situation: I currently don't have
much free time, but I wish I did to learn the piano.)

If it rained tomorrow, we would cancel our picnic.


(Hypothetical situation: The weather forecast doesn't
predict rain, but if it did rain, we'd cancel the picnic.)
Examples:
She would travel to Paris if she could afford it.
(Hypothetical situation: She doesn't have the
financial means to go to Paris right now, but she'd
like to if she could.)

If I won the lottery, I would quit my job and travel the


world. (Hypothetical situation: I haven't won the lottery,
but if I did, I'd quit my job and travel.)
Examples:
If he studied more, he would pass the exam.
(Hypothetical situation: He's not studying much at
the moment, but if he studied more, he'd pass the
exam.)

If they lived in a bigger house, they would have more


space for their family. (Hypothetical situation: They
currently live in a small house, but they'd have more
space if they lived in a bigger one.)
Examples:
If she spoke fluent Spanish, she would apply for jobs
in Spain. (Hypothetical situation: She doesn't speak
Spanish fluently now, but if she did, she'd consider
applying for jobs in Spain.)

If I had a magic wand, I would make all my problems


disappear. (Hypothetical situation: I don't have a magic
wand, but if I did, I'd use it to solve my problems.)
Structure:
If + simple past tense verb (conditional clause),
would + base form of the verb (main clause).
Structure:
Conditional Clause (If + simple past tense verb):
This part of the sentence sets up the hypothetical or unreal situation. It
typically starts with "if" and uses a simple past tense verb. However,
it's important to note that the simple past tense verb in the conditional
clause does not indicate a past time; it's used to indicate an unreal or
unlikely condition in the present or future.
Examples:
If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house. (Hypothetical
situation: I haven't won the lottery yet.)
If she studied harder, she would get better grades.
(Hypothetical situation: She isn't studying harder currently.)
Structure:
Main Clause (would + base form of the verb):
This part of the sentence expresses the result or consequence of the
hypothetical condition in the conditional clause. It typically uses
"would" followed by the base form of the verb (infinitive).
Examples:
I would travel the world if I had enough money. (Result of
winning the lottery)
She would succeed in her career if she took more courses.
(Result of studying harder)
what about you?
Could you give an example?
Passive Voice
can you explain it?
Active Voice
The cat chased the mouse.
Passive Voice
The mouse was chased by the cat.
What is the
difference?
Active Voice: "The cat chased the mouse."
In this sentence, "the cat" is the subject performing the
action of chasing.

Passive Voice: "The mouse was chased by the cat."


In this sentence, "the mouse" is the subject receiving the
action, and we use "was chased" to indicate the passive
voice. The doer of the action (the cat) is mentioned
afterward with "by the cat."
So, passive voice can be helpful when you want to
emphasize the action or when it's not important to
know who did the action
Structure
the basic structure is: Subject Receiving the Action
+ was + Past Participle (+ Optional Agent).

Remember that not all passive sentences require an agent, and the
agent can often be omitted if it's not necessary or known.
Example with agent
- The cake was baked by my grandmother.
- The report was written by the team leader.
- The house was painted by the workers.
Example without agent
- The cake was baked perfectly.
- The report was submitted on time.
- The house was beautifully painted.
It’s your turn!
Agent
- Who was the Declaration of Independence written by?
- When was this building constructed by the
architects?
- Why was the award given to him by the committee?
No agent
- When was the novel published?
- How was the problem solved?
- Why was the project delayed?
Superlative
Definition:
superlative is a form of an adjective or
adverb used to show the highest degree of a
quality or to compare something within a
group as the "best," "worst," "most," or
"least."
One-Syllable Adjectives with "-est"
- "He is the shortest person on the team."
- "It's the coldest day of the year."
- "This book is the funniest I've ever read."
Adjectives with "Most"
(for longer adjectives)
- "She is the most talented musician in the orchestra."
- "That was the most delicious meal I've ever had."
- "He is the most hardworking employee in the
company."
It’s your turn!
Rather
Can you give an example?
Definition
Rather" is a versatile English word
with several meanings, depending on
its context.
Como advérbio de preferência

Sujeito + "would rather" + verbo + complemento


Exemplo: "I would rather go for a walk."
Como advérbio para moderar ou
qualificar:
Rather" + adjetivo ou advérbio
Exemplo: "It's rather cold today."
"Rather" + verbo
Exemplo: "She speaks rather softly."
Como conector em uma frase de
comparação:
Sujeito + verbo + "rather" + adjetivo + "than" + opção
alternativa
Exemplo: He is rather quiet rather than talkative.
It’s your turn!
Preposition challenge !!
A preposition is a part of speech that shows
the relationship between a noun or pronoun
and other words in a sentence. Prepositions
are used to indicate location, direction, time,
and other relationships. They are often
followed by a noun or pronoun, which is called
the object of the preposition.

You might also like