Let's work on the

kinetics of a particle. The first chapter, sub chapter, we are going to learn the
basic Newton's
law, F equals MA. How we can obtain the
equations of motion first. Then we will take the integral of the equations of
motion
over the displacement. So that'll give us the work
and energy relationship. Later we're going to
integrate the equations of motion over the time
integral so that we can obtain the impulse
and momentum relationship. So let's study how we can
obtain the equations of motion. Equations of motion
is the F equals ma formed all the external
forces applied to the body, and it's the mass multiplied
by the acceleration. When we said the acceleration, the very first step is we
should define the coordinate. So either we can use the rectangular coordinate or
the polar coordinate
of rotation of motion, your description for the
acceleration would vary. Later you should draw
the free body diagram to recognize how
many external forces existed on the body. Then you can formulate it as a
mathematical form to obtain
the equations of motion. So let's work on the example. So the three steps I
just mentioned is first, you should define the coordinate. This is the linear
motion, horizontal motion left and right. So I'm going to set the
Cartesian coordinate on the wall that the spring
has been attached. Then the second step is
draw the free body diagram. So I will free the block and there I will
count the contact. So I have a contact, one contact with the spring and one contact
with the
external force application, and one contact with the surface. So the surface has a
two forces here for horizontal
and the vertical. The friction and normal force, and the spring resistive
force applied to the left and external forces
applied to the right. Then there is a
gravitational field force. So all the forces on
the left-hand side, and then I'm going to write down the acceleration to
the right-hand side. So this is the force pictorial, the graphical
relationship between the force and acceleration. So the final step is I can
formulate it as
a mathematical form. So there are three
horizontal forces applied to generate the acceleration
to the horizontal direction. There are two vertical
forces, which is equivalent. So there is no motion
in the y-axis. So let's work on another problem. Here, there is a person on
the cart with the wheel, and those are attached to the string connected
to the pulley. There must be a force
applied so that the man in the cart assembly moves up and down
through the incline. Let's define the coordinate. I'm going to set the
coordinate parallel to the incline because the motion is in this direction in
the inclined surface. Next, when I draw the
free body diagram, which body should I take up? I can also draw the
free body diagram for the person only or the cart only, but since everything all
together are moving
in the same speed and same acceleration assuming that there is no relative motion
between the human and the cart, I'm going to just take
everything as a single mass. By doing so, I can easily count how many
context exist here, the one string here, one string there in
the ground contact, even though it's a two-wheel, I'll just assume that
it's all together, one contact with the surface. So there'll be an x direction
and y direction forces, or you can write it as a
friction and normal force. One string on the
top has a tension T, and the second forces
through the spring. By examining the fully
free body diagram, we could easily know that this is F equal going to be 2T
and the gravitational force. Those are generating
the acceleration in x and y direction. So having those pictorial
relationship between the forces and the
acceleration can be transferred to the
mathematical form. So there are three x-directional force in x directional
components of the gravity, will generate the x
directional acceleration, and same for the y direction. Y directional forces. There
are two forces. Normal force and the
gravitational force, and the acceleration to the right at the y-direction is zero.
Another example is the one
that I have a two-block, two body mass A and B
laid on top of the other, and the top box has been
pulled by the pulley. Now, when you have a two bodies, usually you set the
two coordinates. Number of coordinates should be equal to the number of bodies, but
here it's assuming
that there is no relative motion between them, so I'm going to just set the same
Cartesian
coordinate here. Or even though there's sliding occurs between
the block A and B, I can just still at set the same rectangular coordinate
attached to the surface. Now let's free the body. Top body, how many contacts? One
and two by the pulley
string and then three, it's a surface attached
to the lower block, and then for the second one, I can also free the
second box and then if this one has a contact
on top and bottom. Bottom with the surface
and top with another box. So there are two forces at
the contact like RX and RY, and there are two forces through the string and
gravitational force that will generate the
horizontal acceleration. For the second box, box B, there are two contact
force on the top, two contact forces on the bottom and the gravity
force and that will generate the acceleration to
the horizontal direction. Note that there's two forces, RX and RY are
action-reaction pair. Now, having those
pictorial relationship between the force
and acceleration can be expressed by
the mathematical form, which is equations of motion for the small masses and
the large masses. So large mass has one, two horizontal forces generating
horizontal acceleration. Now, when we assume
there's no slip occurs, that means the first block
and the second blocks moves at the same speed
and same acceleration. So am, small m is
going to be same as a capital M. But when
there is slip occurs, there should be a relative
motion between them. So the accelerations
are different. In this chapter we learn how we could obtain
the equations of motion by applying
the Newton's law. Second law, F equals ma. The first step is
define the coordinate. Second step is draw
the free body diagram. Third step, express
pictorial relationship between force and
acceleration from the free body diagram
into equations of motion. Next session we
are going to study about how we can [inaudible]
the equations of motion in motion under
rotational motion.