FLUID MECHANICS ● a fluid in which the density of fluid
changes while the change in
Absolute Pressure external force or pressure
● the sum of gauge pressure and ● All gasses are considered in this
atmospheric pressure category
Archimedes Principle Fluid
● a statement about the buoyant ● substance that flows
force that acts on an object when ● a substance in the liquid or gas
that solid object interacts with a phase
fluid ● a substance that deforms
● states that the buoyant force continuously or flows when
acting on a submerged object is subjected to shearing forces
equal to the weight of the fluid that
is displaced by that object Fluid Dynamics
● states that the buoyant force on an ● it studies the effect of all pressures
object is equal to the weight of the including the external pressures on
fluid displaced by the object. the moving fluid
Atmospheric Pressure Fluid Kinematics
● the pressure of the Earth’s ● the study of fluid in the state of
atmosphere, the pressure at the motion (moving fluid)
bottom of this sea of air in which we
live Fluid Mechanics
● varies with weather changes ● branch of science that covers the
elevation behavior of fluids when they are in
a state of motion or rest
Barometer
● used to measure air atmospheric Fluid Statics
pressure ● fluid at rest
● a static fluid can have no shearing
Combined Gas Law acting on it
● the ratio of the product of pressure ● any force between the fluid and the
and volume and the absolute boundary must be acting at right
temperature of gas = constant side angles to the boundary
Compressible Fluid Gauge Pressure
● is the pressure relative to ● a real fluid in which shear stress is
atmospheric pressure not directly proportional to the rate
● positive for pressures above of shear strain or velocity gradient
atmospheric pressure and negative ● viscosity of fluid changes
for pressure below it ● exhibit a variable viscosity
depending on the applied stress
Graduated Dial Gage
● used to measure small distances or Pascal Law
variations in length ● a consequence of the pressure in
the fluid remaining constant in the
Ideal Fluid horizontal direction is that pressure
● a fluid that is incompressible and applied to a convinced fluid
has no viscosity increases the pressure throughout
● only an imaginary fluid as all the by the same amount.
fluids which exist have some ● force applied by a fluid is
viscosity proportional to the surface area
● states that whenever an external
Ideal Plastic Fluid pressure is applied to a fluid, the
● a fluid in which shear stress is more fluid pressure within that fluid is
than the yield value and shear increased by the amount equal to
stress are proportional to the rate the external pressure
of shear strain or velocity gradient ● Pressure applied to an enclosed
fluid is transmitted undiminished to
Incompressible Fluid every portion of the fluid and the
● a fluid in which the density of fluid walls of the containing vessel
does not change which changes in
external force or pressure Piezometer Gauge
● all liquid is considered in this ● used to measure the pressure at a
category specific point within a fluid
Manometer Real Fluid
● uses liquid filled tubes to measure ● a fluid that possesses viscosity
the pressure of a fluid, used in
tanks, pipes and airflow system
Non-Newtonian Fluid
