Scribd
Upload
8 views9 pages

Project Based Learning Report On

The document discusses determining the dynamic viscosity of a Newtonian fluid using a rotating cylinder viscometer and Python programming. It includes sections on the program code, problem, output, and conclusion. The program code section shows how the user can input parameters to calculate viscosity either with or without knowing the viscometer constant value.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Anand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views9 pages

Project Based Learning Report On

The document discusses determining the dynamic viscosity of a Newtonian fluid using a rotating cylinder viscometer and Python programming. It includes sections on the program code, problem, output, and conclusion. The program code section shows how the user can input parameters to calculate viscosity either with or without knowing the viscometer constant value.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Anand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

A

Project based learning Report on

“Determining dynamic viscosity of Newtonian fluid for Rotating


Cylinder Viscometer Using Python Programming”
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the
Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Mechanical Engineering

Under the Guidance of


Dr. Aditya Kumar Padap
(Associate Professor)

By

Gaurav Singh (2100430400016)

Department of Mechanical Engineering


Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering &Technology
Jhansi (U.P.) -284128
SESSION-2023-2024
CONTENTS

❖ INTRODUCTION

❖ PROGRAM CODE
❖ PROBLEM

❖ OUTPUT

❖ CONCLUSION

❖ REFERENCE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is our great pleasure to acknowledge the support and encouragements we


have received from the people along the way of the project work. First and
foremost, we would like to express my heartiest thanks to Dr. Aditya
Kumar Padap, Associate Professor department of mechanical engineering
who helped a lot to make this project successful and complete on time. We
would also like to express my gratitude to Prof. Nagendra Prasad Yadav
Head of Mechanical Engineering Department with all humility. We offer
my deepest feelings of gratitude to the blessings and mercy of the supreme
persons for providing me everything we need to take this project to the final
destination.

Gaurav Singh (2100430400016)


INTRODUCTION

Dynamic viscosity:
Consider two fiat surfaces separated by a film of fluid of thickness 'h' as shown
in figure below;
The force required to move the upper surface is proportional to the wetted
area 'A' and the velocity gradient 'u/h', as the individual fluid layer in a thicker
film will be subjected to less shear than in a thin film, i.e.:

This relationship is maintained for most fluids. Different fluids will exhibit a
different proportionality constant 'η', called the 'dynamic viscosity'.
Rotational Viscometer

Rotational viscometers are based on the principle that the fluid viscosity is
related to the force required to generate shear between two surfaces separated
by a film of fluid (ASTM D2983).
In these viscometers one of the surfaces is stationary and the other is rotated
by an external drive and the fluid fills the space in between.
The measurements are conducted by applying either a constant torque and
measuring the changes in the speed of rotation or applying a constant speed
and measuring the changes in the torque.
These viscometers give the 'dynamic viscosity'.
There are two main types of these viscometers:
(i) rotating cylinder and
(ii) cone-on-plate viscometers.

Rotating cylinder viscometer

The rotating cylinder viscometer, also known as a 'Couette viscometer', consists


of two concentric cylinders with an annular clearance filled with fluid.
The inside cylinder is stationary and the outside cylinder rotates at constant
velocity.
The force necessary to shear the fluid between the cylinders is measured.
The velocity of the cylinder can be varied so that the changes in viscosity
of the fluid with shear rate can be assessed.
Care needs to be taken with non-Newtonian fluids as these viscometers are
calibrated for Newtonian fluids.
Different cylinders with a range of radial clearances are used for different
fluids.
For Newtonian fluids the dynamic viscosity can be estimated from the formula:
PROGRAM
viscometer_constant = float(input("Is viscometer_constant value given? (1 for
yes, 0 for no):"))
if (viscometer_constant == 1):
k = float(input("enter the value of viscometer constant [m^-3] ="))
# the value of viscometer constant is usually supplied by the manufacturer for
each pair of cylinders
M = float(input("enter the value of shear torque [Nm] ="))
w = float(input("enter the value of angular velocity [rad/s] ="))
n = k*M/w
print("the value of dynamic viscosity=",n, "Pa-s")

else:
M = float(input("enter the value of shear torque [Nm] ="))
w = float(input("enter the value of angular velocity [rad/s] ="))
ri = float(input("enter the radii of inner cylinder [m] ="))
ro = float(input("enter the radii of outer cylinder [m] ="))
d = float(input("enter the value of immersion depth of inner cylinder [m] ="))
n = M*(1 / (ri * ri) - 1 / (ro * ro)) / (4 * 3.14 * d * w)
print("the value of dynamic viscosity=",n, "Pa-s")

OUTPUT:
CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the dynamic viscosity of a fluid measured using a rotating


viscometer depends on the experimental setup, including the geometry of the
viscometer, the torque applied, and the angular velocity of the rotating cylinder.

We explored two common formulas for calculating dynamic viscosity in a


rotating viscometer.

Both formulas provide a means to determine the dynamic viscosity of the fluid
being tested. However, it is essential to ensure accurate measurements and
calibration of the viscometer to obtain reliable viscosity values. Additionally,
factors such as temperature and pressure can also influence viscosity
measurements and should be controlled or accounted for during experimentation.

Overall, rotating viscometers are valuable tools for characterizing the flow
properties of fluids, providing crucial information for various industrial,
scientific, and engineering applications.
REFERENCES

• Academic journals Tribology International, or the Journal of Materials


Science often publish research articles related to dynamic viscosity on
rotating viscometers.

• Consulting textbooks on materials science, mechanical engineering, or


tribology (the study of dynamic viscosity, rotating viscometer, and
lubricants).

You might also like