10/20/23, 3:23 PM Prelim Lab Exam: Attempt review

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Started on Friday, 20 October 2023, 2:49 PM

State Finished
Completed on Friday, 20 October 2023, 3:22 PM
Time taken 33 mins 7 secs
Marks 46.00/50.00
Grade 92.00 out of 100.00

Question 1
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the relationship between the maximum entropy distribution and the constraints in maximum entropy without explicit
constraints?

Select one:
a. The maximum entropy distribution satisfies all the constraints
b. The maximum entropy distribution satisfies some of the constraints
c. The maximum entropy distribution satisfies none of the constraints
d. The maximum entropy distribution is independent of the constraints

Question 2
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a factor that should be considered when deciding whether or not to use LEXMED?

Select one:
a. The preferences of the medical professionals
b. The specific needs of the medical practice
c. The cost of the LEXMED subscription
d. The legal and ethical implications of using LEXMED

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Question 3

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In uncertain knowledge, which of the following is a valid inference rule that allows you to infer the truth of a statement based on the
falsehood of another statement and the truth of a third statement?

Select one:
a. Modus tollens
b. Modus ponens
c. Disjunctive syllogism
d. Affirming the consequent

Question 4
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for a statement to be considered unprovable within a godelized system of logic?

Select one:
a. It is not a contradiction of a theorem of the system
b. It is not a theorem of the system
c. It is not a negation of a theorem of the system
d. It is not a combination of theorems of the system

Question 5
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a godelized system of logic?

Select one:
a. It is able to prove its own consistency
b. It is able to represent all possible statements within the system
c. It is able to prove all true statements within the system
d. It is able to prove all false statements within the system

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Question 6

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

IDA* search is used in what type of problems?

Select one:
a. Problems with a fixed number of steps
b. Problems with a small number of solutions
c. Problems with a large number of possible solutions
d. Problems with a known solution

Question 7

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In uncertain knowledge, which of the following is a valid inference rule that allows you to infer the truth of a statement based on the
truth of multiple other statements?

Select one:
a. Conjunction
b. Modus ponens
c. Affirming the consequent
d. Modus tollens

Question 8
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the purpose of fuzzy logic in control systems?

Select one:
a. To provide precise, binary control over system variables
b. To provide heuristic control over system variables
c. To provide imprecise, approximate control over system variables
d. To provide probabilistic control over system variables

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Question 9

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a type of heuristic search algorithm?

Select one:
a. Hill climbing
b. Dijkstra's algorithm
c. Best-first search
d. A* search

Question 10

Incorrect

Mark 0.00 out of 1.00

In what year did Kurt Godel first present his incompleteness theorems?

Select one:
a. 1975
b. 1952
c. 1931 
d. 1879

Question 11
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is an example of a problem that can be solved using heuristic search?

Select one:
a. Sorting a list of numbers
b. Finding the shortest path between two points on a map
c. Finding the maximum value in a list of numbers
d. Sorting a list of strings alphabetically

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Question 12

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In a binary cost matrix, what is the cost of predicting the negative class when the actual class is positive called?

Select one:
a. The true positive cost
b. The true negative cost
c. The false negative cost
d. The false positive cost

Question 13

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the goal of maximum entropy without explicit constraints?

Select one:
a. To maximize the likelihood of the data
b. To find the most probable distribution of the data given the available information
c. To fit the data as closely as possible
d. To make the most accurate predictions about the data

Question 14
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is an example of a heuristic search algorithm?

Select one:
a. A* search
b. Dijkstra's algorithm
c. Depth-first search
d. Breadth-first search

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Question 15

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the process of using A* search to find the shortest path between two nodes called?

Select one:
a. Node expansion
b. Graph traversal
c. Route planning
d. Pathfinding

Question 16

Incorrect

Mark 0.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using LEXMED?

Select one:
a. Improved patient care
b. Improved efficiency in legal matters
c. Improved legal compliance 
d. Improved understanding of medical terminology

Question 17
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In a cost matrix, which of the following represents the highest priority risk?

Select one:
a. Low likelihood, low impact
b. Low likelihood, high impact
c. High likelihood, low impact
d. High likelihood, high impact

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Question 18

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a reason why godelization is important in the field of computer science?

Select one:
a. It allows for the creation of secure codes and algorithms
b. It allows for the generation of random numbers
c. It allows for the representation of all possible computations within a system
d. It allows for the verification of the correctness of software programs

Question 19

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is a common application of data mining in business?

Select one:
a. All of the above
b. To increase sales
c. To optimize production processes
d. To improve customer service

Question 20
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is a heuristic function in the context of search algorithms?

Select one:
a. A function that estimates the cost of the most expensive path from the current node to the goal
b. A function that estimates the cost of the longest path from the current node to the goal
c. A function that estimates the cost of the shortest path from the current node to the goal
d. A function that estimates the cost of the cheapest path from the current node to the goal

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Question 21

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT an example of a problem that could be solved using a greedy search algorithm?

Select one:
a. Finding the shortest path between two points on a map
b. Sorting a list of numbers in ascending order
c. Solving a puzzle such as the Tower of Hanoi
d. Solving the knapsack problem (choosing a set of items to maximize value while staying within a weight limit)

Question 22

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the name of the godelized system of logic that is based on the axioms of first-order predicate calculus?

Select one:
a. PA+ set theory
b. ZFC set theory
c. PA set theory
d. ZF set theory

Question 23
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the probability of an event occurring if it is certain to happen?

Select one:
a. 100%
b. 0%
c. It cannot be determined
d. 50%

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Question 24

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

How do subjective probabilities differ from objective probabilities?

Select one:
a. Subjective probabilities are based on statistical analysis, while objective probabilities are based on an individual's beliefs,
opinions, and experiences
b. Subjective probabilities are based on objective, observable data, while objective probabilities are based on an individual's
beliefs, opinions, and experiences
c. Subjective probabilities are based on a coin flip, while objective probabilities are based on an individual's beliefs, opinions,
and experiences
d. Subjective probabilities are based on an individual's beliefs, opinions, and experiences, while objective probabilities are 
based on objective, observable data

Question 25
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the main disadvantage of using iterative deepening over a breadth-first search algorithm?

Select one:
a. It requires more computation time to search the tree
b. It requires less computation time to search the tree
c. It requires more memory to store the visited nodes
d. It requires less memory to store the visited nodes

Question 26
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is an example of a real-world application of fuzzy logic?

Select one:
a. Automatic traffic control systems
b. Automatic stock trading systems
c. Automatic image recognition systems
d. Automatic temperature control systems

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Question 27

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In supervised learning, which of the following is NOT a common evaluation metric?

Select one:
a. Accuracy
b. Mean squared error
c. Precision
d. Recall

Question 28

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is Bayes' theorem used for?

Select one:
a. To calculate the probability of an event occurring based on the probability of its opposite occurring
b. To calculate the probability of an event occurring based on previous events
c. To calculate the probability of an event occurring based on the probability of all other events
d. To calculate the probability of an event occurring based on the likelihood of other events

Question 29
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In a cost matrix, what does the likelihood of a risk occurring refer to?

Select one:
a. The probability of the risk occurring
b. The frequency of the risk
c. The duration of the risk
d. The impact of the risk

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Question 30

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What does "P(B|A)" represent in Bayes' theorem?

Select one:
a. The probability of event A occurring regardless of whether event B has occurred or not
b. The probability of event B occurring given that event A has occurred
c. The probability of event A occurring given that event B has occurred
d. The probability of event A occurring given that event B has not occurred

Question 31

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is an advantage of depth-first search over breadth-first search?

Select one:
a. Depth-first search is faster
b. Depth-first search uses less memory
c. Depth-first search is more flexible and can be easily modified to solve different types of problems
d. Depth-first search is more efficient

Question 32
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following statements about Gödel's incompleteness theorems is NOT true?

Select one:
a. They show that some statements within a formal system are undecidable
b. They prove that all formal systems are consistent
c. They prove that all formal systems are complete
d. They demonstrate the inherent limitations of any formal system

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Question 33

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

If the probability of event A occurring is 0.3 and the probability of event B occurring is 0.7, what is the probability of neither event A
nor B occurring?

Select one:
a. 1
b. 0.3
c. 0
d. 0.7

Question 34
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the main disadvantage of IDA* search?

Select one:
a. It is slow to find the optimal solution
b. It can be computationally expensive
c. It requires a lot of memory to store the search tree
d. It is prone to getting stuck in local minima

Question 35
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the main concept of Dempster-Shafer theory?

Select one:
a. Probability
b. Belief
c. Statistics
d. Decision making

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Question 36

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

How is LEXMED typically accessed by medical professionals?

Select one:
a. Through a mobile app
b. Through a desktop application
c. Through a web browser
d. Through a command-line interface

Question 37

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of Gödel's incompleteness theorems?

Select one:
a. There are always true but unprovable statements within a given formal system
b. There are always unprovable statements within a given formal system
c. There are always provable statements within a given formal system
d. There are always false but unprovable statements within a given formal system

Question 38
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Can subjective probabilities be biased?

Select one:
a. It depends on the individual's beliefs, opinions, and experiences
b. No, subjective probabilities are objective and unbiased
c. No, subjective probabilities are based on statistical analysis, which is unbiased
d. Yes, subjective probabilities are based on an individual's beliefs, opinions, and experiences, which can be influenced by 
personal biases

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Question 39

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In a cost matrix, which of the following represents the lowest priority risk?

Select one:
a. Low likelihood, low impact
b. Low likelihood, high impact
c. High likelihood, low impact
d. High likelihood, high impact

Question 40

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

IDA* search is an example of what type of search algorithm?

Select one:
a. Depth-first search
b. Iterative deepening search
c. Best-first search
d. Breadth-first search

Question 41
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the time complexity of a breadth-first search algorithm when applied to a graph with V vertices and E edges?

Select one:
a. O(V * E)
b. O(V + E)
c. O(V)
d. O(E)

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Question 42

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following data structures is typically used to implement a breadth-first search algorithm?

Select one:
a. Hash table
b. Stack
c. Queue
d. Heap

Question 43

Incorrect

Mark 0.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following statements about the principle of maximum entropy is NOT true?

Select one:
a. It can be used to predict the probability of different outcomes in a system 
b. It is based on the idea that the probability of a state is proportional to its energy
c. It is used to predict the behavior of a system in equilibrium
d. It assumes that the system is in a state of maximum disorder

Question 44
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of greedy search algorithms?

Select one:
a. They are optimal (meaning they will always find the best solution)
b. They are systematic (meaning they consider all possible options before making a decision)
c. They are efficient (meaning they can search large spaces quickly)
d. They are complete (meaning they will always find a solution if one exists)

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Question 45

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In a binary cost matrix, what is the sum of all elements called?

Select one:
a. The average cost
b. The median cost
c. The total cost
d. The maximum cost

Question 46

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

What is the primary goal of risk management using cost matrices?

Select one:
a. To minimize the probability of risks occurring
b. To minimize the impact of risks
c. To maximize the likelihood of risks occurring
d. To minimize the cost of risks

Question 47
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

IDA* search is a type of search algorithm used for what purpose?

Select one:
a. Finding patterns in large datasets
b. Storing and retrieving data from a database
c. Sorting data in ascending or descending order
d. Solving problems involving game trees

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Question 48

Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

In which type of games is minmax search commonly used?

Select one:
a. Games with perfect information, such as chess and tic-tac-toe
b. Single-player games
c. Games with random elements
d. Multiplayer games

Question 49

Incorrect

Mark 0.00 out of 1.00

In first-order predicate logic, what is a Herbrand base?

Select one:
a. A set of objects that satisfy a given formula 
b. A set of predicates that satisfy a given formula
c. A set of logical symbols that satisfy a given formula
d. A set of functions that satisfy a given formula

Question 50
Correct

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can impact the performance of heuristic search algorithms?

Select one:
a. The quality of the heuristic function
b. The size of the search space
c. The type of problem being solved
d. The number of processors in the computer

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