ACADEMIC REGULATIONS,

COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABI

FOR

M.TECH.
POWER SYSTEM CONTROL AND AUTOMATION
(Electrical & Electronics Engineering)

2012-2013

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GAYATRIVIDYAPARISHADCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(AUTONOMOUS)
ACCREDITED BY NAAC WITH A GRADE WITH A CGPA OF 3.47/4.00
AFFILIATED TO JNTUK, KAKINADA
MADHURAWADA, VISAKHAPATNAM 530048
 Vision
To evolve into and sustain as a Centre of
Excellence in Technological Education
and Research with a holistic approach.
 Mission
To produce high quality engineering graduates
with the requisite theoretical and practical
knowledge and social awareness to be able to
contribute effectively to the progress of the
society through their chosen field of endeavor.

To undertake Research & Development, and

extension activities in the fields of Science and
Engineering in areas of relevance for immediate
application as well as for strengthening or
establishing fundamental knowledge.
 FOREWORD

It is three years since the G.V.P College of Engineering has become

Autonomous with the appreciation and support of erstwhile JNTU and
the fast growing new JNTU-K. The college is progressing well with its
programmes and procedures drawing more and more accolades from its
sister autonomous colleges and higher authorities. The student
community, also could adjust well to the new system without any
acrimony.

The College is enriched with the experience of running the Post-graduate

programmes under Autonomous stream. It is a moment of pride and
achievement that the first Autonomous batch of M.Tech in some
branches left the college to the satisfaction of all concerned including
firms visited the campus for placements.

Another larger than canvas picture is foreseen for the programmes

wherein the college is getting the funds through TEQIP – II for up-scaling
the PG education and research under sub- component 1.2. In this
connection two new PG Programmes have been introduced in
Mechanical, Electrical Engineering.

New set of Boards of Studies, Academic council and Governing Body has
further strengthened our hands by endorsing the practices and suggested
recommendations.
The encouragement given by the affiliating JNTU-K has left no task
insurmountable.

Principal
 MEMBERS ON THE BOARD OF STUDIES
IN
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

 Head of the Department.

 Prof. C. Radhakrishna, Director, Global Energy Consulting Engineers Pvt.

Ltd., Secunderabad.
 Dr. K. Shanti Swarup, Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras.
 Dr. Ch. Saibabu, Professor in Electrical Engg. and Director (Admns), JNTU-
K, Kakinada.
 Dr. M. Sydulu, Professor of EEE, NIT, Warangal.
 Dr. K.A. Gopala Rao, Professor of Electrical Engg. AU College of Engg.,
Visakhapatnam.
 Dr. N.K. Kishore, Professor of Electrical Engg., IIT Kharagpur.
 Sri M.V.R. Krishna Rao, AGM (ETL), Visakhapatnam Steel Plant.
 Sri T. Srinivas Kishore, Assistant Professor, GMRIT, Rajam.

All faculty of the department.

 ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
(Effective for the students admitted into
First year M.Techfrom the Academic Year 2012-2013)

The M.Tech.Degree of JNTU-KAKINADA shall be recommended

to be conferred on candidates who are admitted to the program and
fulfill all the requirements for the award of the Degree.

1.0 ELGIBILITY FOR ADMISSION:

Admission to the above program shall be made subject to the
eligibility, qualifications and specialization as per the guidelines
prescribed by the APSCHE and AICTE from time to time.

2.0 AWARD OF M.TECH. DEGREE:

a. A student shall be declared eligible for the award of the M.Tech.
degree, if he pursues a course of study and completes it
successfully for not less than two academic years and not more
than four academic years.
b. A student, who fails to fulfill all the academic requirements for
the award of the Degree within four academic years from the
year of his admission, shall forfeit his seat in M.Tech. Course.
c. The duration of each semester will normally be 20 weeks with 5
days a week. A working day shall have 7 periods each of
50minutes.

1
3.0 COURSES OF STUDY:

M.TECH. COURSES INTAKE

Chemical Engineering 18
Computer Science and Engineering 18
CAD/CAM 18
Infrastructural Engineering and
18
Management
Structural Engineering 18
Power System Control and Automation 18
Embedded Systems & VLSI Design 18
Communications & Signal Processing 18
Software Engineering 18
Power Electronics & Drives 18
Computer Aided Analysis And Design
18
(CAAD)

4.0 ATTENDANCE:
The attendance shall be considered subject wise.
a. A candidate shall be deemed to have eligibility to write end
semester examinations in a subject if he has put in at least
75% of attendance in that subject.
b.Shortage of attendance up to 10% in any subject (i.e. 65%
and above and below 75%) may be condoned by a
Committee on genuine and valid reasons on representation
by the candidate with supporting evidence.
c. Shortage of attendance below 65% shall in no case be
condoned.
d.A student who gets less than 65% attendance in a maximum
of two subjects in any semester shall not be permitted to take
the end- semester examination in which he/she falls short.
His/her registration for those subjects will be treated as
cancelled. The student should re-register and repeat those
subjects as and when offered next.
2
 e. If a student gets less than 65% attendance in more than two
subjects in any semester he/she shall be detained and has to
repeat the entire semester.
f. A stipulated fee shall be payable towards condonation of
shortage of attendance.

5.0 EVALUATION:
The Performance of the candidate in each semester shall be
evaluated subject-wise, with 100 marks for each theory subject
and 100 marks for each practical, on the basis of Internal
Evaluation and End Semester Examination.

a. A candidate shall be deemed to have secured the minimum

academic requirement in a subject if he secures a minimum of
40% of marks in the End Examination and a minimum
aggregate of 50% of the total marks in the End
SemesterExamination and Internal Evaluation taken together.

b. For the theory subjects 60 marks shall be awarded based on the

performance in the End Semester Examination, 40 marks shall
be awarded based on the Internal Evaluation. One part of the
internal evaluation shall be made based on the average of the
marks secured in the two Mid–Term Examinations of30 each
conducted one in the middle of the Semester and the other
immediately after the completion of instruction. Each mid-term
examination shall be conducted for duration of 120 minutes
with 4 questions without any choice. The remaining 10 marks
are awarded through an average of continuous evaluation of
assignments / seminars / any other method, as notified by the
teacher at the beginning of the semester.

c. For Practical subjects, 50 marks shall be awarded based on the

3
 performance in the End Semester Examinations, 50 marks
shall be awarded based on the day-to-day performance as
Internal marks. A candidate has to secure a minimum of 50% in
the external examination and has to secure a minimum of 50%
on the aggregate to be declared successful.
d. There shall be a seminar presentation during III semester. For
seminar, a student under the supervision of a faculty member,
shall collect the literature on a topic and critically review the
literature and submit it to the Department in a report form and
shall make an oral presentation before the Departmental
Committee. The Departmental Committee consists of the Head
of the Department, supervisor and two other senior faculty
members of the department. For Seminar there will be only
internal evaluation of 50 marks. A candidate has to secure a
minimum of 50% to be declared successful.
e. For Seminar in I, II Semesters in case of the course structure of
having 5 Theory + 2 Labs. + 1 Seminar, a student has to deliver
a seminar talk in each of the subjects in that semester which
shall be evaluated for 10 marks each and average marks allotted
shall be considered. A letter grade from A to C corresponding
to the marks allotted may be awarded for the two credits so as to
keep the existing structure and evaluation undisturbed.
A – Excellent (average marks > 8)
B – Good (6< average marks <8)
C – Satisfactory (5< average marks <6)

If a satisfactory grade is not secured, one has to repeat in the

following semester.
f. In case the candidate does not secure the minimum academic
requirement in any subject (as specified in 4.0 a, c) he has to
reappear for the End Examination in that subject.
A candidate shall be given one chance to re-register for each
4
 subject provided the internal marks secured by a candidate are
less than 50% and he has failed in the end examination. In such
a case the candidate must re-register for the subject (s) and
secure required minimum attendance. Attendance in the re-
registered subject (s) has to be calculated separately to become
eligible to write the end- examination in the re-registered
subject(s). In the event of re-registration, the internal marks and
end examination marks obtained in the previous attempt are
nullified.

g. In case the candidates secure less than the required attendance

in any subject(s), he shall not be permitted to appear for the End
Examination in that subject(s). He shall re-register for the
subject(s) when next offered.

h. Laboratory examination for M.Tech subjects must be conducted

with two Examiners, one of them being Laboratory Class
Teacher and second examiner shall be other than Laboratory
Teacher.

6.0 EVALUATION OF PROJECT / DISSERTATION WORK:

Every candidate shall be required to submit the thesis or
dissertation after taking up a topic approved by the
Departmental Research Committee (DRC).
a. A Departmental Research Committee (DRC) shall be
constituted with the Head of the Department as the chairman
and two senior faculty as members to oversee the proceedings
of the project work from allotment to submission.
b. A Central Research Committee (CRC) shall be constituted with
a Senior Professor as chair person, Heads of all the Departments
which are offering the M.Tech programs and two other senior
faculty members
5
c. Registration of Project Work: A candidate is permitted to
register for the project work after satisfying the attendance
requirement of all the subjects (theory and practical subjects.)
d. After satisfying 6.0 c, a candidate has to submit, in consultation
with his project supervisor, the title, objective and plan of action
of his project work to the DRC for its approval. Only after
obtaining the approval of DRC the student can initiate the
Project work
e. If a candidate wishes to change his supervisor or topic of the
project he can do so with approval of DRC. However, the
Departmental Project Review Committee shall examine whether
the change of topic/supervisor leads to a major change in his
initial plans of project proposal. If so, his date of registration
for the Project work shall start from the date of change of
Supervisor or topic as the case may be whichever is earlier.
f. A candidate shall submit and present the status report in two
stages at least with a gap of 3 months between them after
satisfying 6.0 d.
g. The work on the project shall be initiated in the beginning of the
second year and the duration of the project is for two semesters.
A candidate shall be permitted to submit his dissertation only
after successful completion of all theory and practical subject
with the approval of CRC but not earlier than 40 weeks from the
date of registration of the project work. For the approval by
CRC the candidate shall submit the draft copy of the thesis to
the Principal through the concerned Head of the Department and
shall make an oral presentation before the CRC.
h. Three copies of the dissertation certified by the supervisor shall
be submitted to the College after approval by the CRC.
i. The dissertation shall be adjudicated by one examiner selected
by the Principal. For this HOD shall submit in consultation
6
 with the supervisor a panel of 5 examiners, who are experienced
in that field.
j. If the report of the examiner is not favorable, the candidate shall
revise and resubmit the dissertation, in a time frame as
prescribed by the CRC. If the report of the examiner is
unfavorable again, the dissertation shall be summarily rejected
then the candidate shall change the topic of the Project and
option shall be given to change the supervisor also.
k. If the report of the examiner is favorable, viva-voce
examination shall be conducted by a board consisting of the
supervisor, Head of the Department and the examiner who
adjudicated the dissertation. The Board shall jointly report
candidate’s work as:
A. Excellent
B. Good
C. Satisfactory

7.0 AWARD OF DEGREE AND CLASS :

A candidate shall be eligible for the respective degree if he
satisfies the minimum academic requirements in every subject and
secures satisfactory or higher grade report on his dissertation and
viva-voce.
After a student has satisfied the requirements prescribed for the
completion of the program and is eligible for the award of
M.Tech. Degree he shall be placed in one of the following three
classes.
% of Marks secured Class Awarded
70% and above First Class with Distinction
60% and above but less than 70% First Class
50% and above but less than 60% Second Class

7
 The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be
shown separately in the marks memorandum.

The grade of the dissertation shall also be mentioned in the

marks memorandum.

8.0 WITHHOLDING OF RESULTS:

If the candidate has not paid any dues to the college or if any case
of indiscipline is pending against him, the result of the candidate
will be withheld and he will not be allowed into the next higher
semester. The recommendation for the issue of the degree shall be
liable to be withheld in such cases.

9.0 TRANSITORY REGULATIONS:

A candidate who has discontinued or has been detained for want of
attendance or who has failed after having studied the subject
iseligible for admission to the same or equivalent subject(s) as and
when subject(s) is/are offered, subject to 6.0 e and 2.0

10.0 GENERAL
1. The academic regulations should be read as a whole for
purpose of any interpretation.
2. In case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the
above rules, the decision of the Chairman Academic Council
is final.
3. The College may change or amend the academic regulations
and syllabus at any time and the changes amendments made
shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the
date notified by the College.
4. Wherever the word he, him or his occur, it will also include
she, hers.
***

8
 COURSE STRUCTURE
I SEMESTER:
COURSE
CODE THEORY/LAB L P C
10EE2101 Power System Operation and Control 4 - 4
10EE2102 Advanced Power System Protection 4 - 4
10EE2103 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers 4 - 4
10EE2104 High VoltageDC Transmission 4 - 4
10EE2105 Distribution Automation 4 - 4
Elective – I 4 - 4
10EE2106 Advanced Digital Signal Processing
10EE2107 Digital Control Systems
10EE2108 Power System Reliability
10EE2109 Power Systems Lab - 3 2
Total 24 3 26

II SEMESTER:
COURSE THEORY/LAB
CODE L P C
10EE2110 Power Systems Control and Stability 4 - 4
10EE2111 Flexible AC Transmission Systems 4 - 4
10EE2112 Extra High Voltage Transmission 4 - 4
10EE2113 Neural and Fuzzy Systems 4 - 4
10EE2114 Real Time Control of Power Systems 4 - 4
Elective – II 4 - 4
10EE2115 Operation Research
10EE2116 Embedded systems
10EE2117 Power Quality
10EE2118 Electrical Systems Simulation Lab - 3 2
Total 24 3 26

9
III SEMESTER
COURSE THEORY/LAB L P C
CODE

Commencement of Project Work

10EE21S1 SEMINAR - - 2

IV SEMESTER
COURSE THEORY/LAB L P C
CODE

PROJECT WORK
10EE2119 DISSERTATION / THESIS - - 56
EXCELLENT/GOOD/SATISFACTORY/
NON-SATISFACTORY

10
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL

Course Code: 10EE2101 L P C

UNIT-I 4 0 4
Commitment problem:
Introductions to UCP, thermal AND Hydral constraintsin unit-
commitment: Priority list scheme method, unit commitment problem
solution by priority list scheme method.

UNIT-II
Unit commitment problem solutions by Dynamic programming
approach. Introduction, advantages of DP method over priority list
scheme, Back ward DP approach, forward DP approach algorithm and
their flow charts solution UCP using Dynamic Program method.

UNIT-III
Load Frequency Control-I:
Necessity of keeping frequency constant. Definition of control area,
single area control, Block diagram representation of an isolated Power
System, Steady State analysis, Dynamic response-Uncontrolled case.

UNIT-IV
Proportional plus Integral control of single area and its block diagram
representation, steadystate response, load frequency control and
Economic dispatch control.

UNIT-V
Load Frequency Control-II:
Load frequency control of 2-area system: uncontrolled case and
controlled case, tie-time bias control.

UNIT-VI
Optimal LF control-steady state representation, performance index and
optimal parameter adjustment.
11
UNIT-VII
Generation with limited Energy supply:
Take-or-pay fuel supply contract, compositegeneration production cost
function. Solution by gradient search techniques, Hard limits andslack
variables, Fuel scheduling by linear programming.

UNIT-VIII
Interchange Evaluation and Power Pools Economy Interchange,
Economy interchange Evaluation, Interchange Evaluation with unit
commitment, Multiple Interchange contracts. After-the-fact production
costing, Transmission Losses in transaction Evaluation, other types of
Interchange, power pools.

Text Books:

1. A.J.Wood and B.F.Wollenberg, “Power Generation, “Operation

and Control”, 2nd edition, John Wiley, India, 2008.

Reference Books:

1. O.I. Elgerd, “Electrical Energy Systems Theory, 2nd edition,

TMH, 1983.
2. I.J.Nagrath & D.P.Kothari, “Modern Power System Analysis”,
3rdedition,Tata Mc Graw- Hill Publishing Company Ltd, 2011.

***

12
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

Course Code: 10EE2102
L P C
4 0 4
UNIT-I
Primary and back up protection, current transformers for protection,
potential transformer, review of electromagnetic relays, static relays.
UNIT-II
Over current relays time current characteristic, current setting, time
setting, directional relay, static over current relays.
UNIT-III
Distance protection:
impedance, reactance, mho, angle impedance relays. Input quantities
forvarious types of distance relays, effect of arc resistance on the
performance of distance relays, selection of distance relays. MHO relay
with blinders, quadrilateral relay, ellipticalrelay. Restricted mho,
impedance directional, reactance relays. Swiveling characteristics.
UNIT-IV
Compensation for correct distance measurement, reduction of measuring
units switched schemes. Pilot relaying schemes. Wire pilot protection,
circulating current scheme, balanced voltage scheme, transley scheme ,
carrier current protection, phase comparison carrier current protection,
carrier aided distance protection.
UNIT-V
Digital relaying algorithms, differential equation technique, discrete
fourier transform technique, walsh-hadamard transform technique,
rationalized harr transform technique, removal of dc offset.

13
UNIT-VI
Introduction to Microprocessors:
Review of microprocessors and interfacing. single chip microcomputers
programmable interval timer, A/D converter.
UNIT-VII
Microprocessor based protective relays:
over current, directional, impedance, reactance relays. Generalized
mathematical expressions for distance relays, mho and offset mho
relays, quadrilateral relay.
UNIT-VIII
Microprocessor implementation of digital distance relaying algorithms.
Text Books
1. Badri Ram & D.N.Vishwakarma, “Power System Protection &
Switchgear”, 2nd edition, Tata McGraw – Hill, 2011.
2. Madhava Rao T.S, “Power System Protection, Static Relays with
Microprocessor and Applications”, 2nd edition, TMH, 2008.

Reference Books
1. RavindraNath. B and Chandar PHI. “Power System Protection
and Switchgear”New Age International 2007.

***

14
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS

Course Code: 10EE2103 L P C

4 0 4

UNIT-I
8086/8088 Processors:
Introduction to 8086 Microprocessors, Architecture, Addressing modes,
Instruction set, Register Organization, Assembler directives.

UNIT-II
Hardware description:
Pindiagram signal description min & max modes, bus timing, ready &
wait states, 8086 based micro computing system.

UNIT-III
Special features AND Related Programming:
Stack structure of 8086, Memory segmentation, Interrupts, ISR, NMI,
MI and interrupt Programming, Macros.

UNIT-IV
Advanced Microprocessors:
Intel 80386 programming model, memory paging, Introduction to
80486, Introduction to Pentium Microprocessors and special Pentium
pro features.

UNIT-V
Basic peripherals AND Their Interfacing:
Memory Interfacing (DRAM) PPI- Modes of operation of 8255,
Interfacing to ADC and DAC.

15
UNIT-VI
Special Purpose Programmable Peripheral Devices and Their
interfacing :
Programmable interval timer , (8253) , PIC 8259A, display controller
Programmable communication Interface 8251, USART and Exercises.

UNIT-VII
Microcontrollers:
Introduction to Intel 8 bit &16 bit Microcontrollers, 8051- Architecture,
Memory organization, Addressing Modes and exercises

UNIT-VIII
Hardware description of 8051:
Instruction formats, Instruction sets, interrupt Structure & interrupt
priorities, Port structures & Operation linear counter Functions, different
Modes of Operation and Programming examples.

Text Books :-

1. Barry b Brey, “The Intel Microprocessors” Architecture

Programming & Interfacing, 7thedition, PHI, 2006
2. A.K. Ray and B.M. Kishore, “Advanceed Microprocessors”, 3rd
edition, Thomson publishers, 2006
3.Kentrith J Ayala, “ The 8051 Microcontrollers” Architecture
Programming & Application, 2nd edition, Thomson publishers, 2009.

Reference Books:-

1. DOUGLAS V.Hall, “Microprocessors & Interfacing Programming

& Hardware”, 2nd edition, TMH Publishers, 2010.
2. C.R.Sarma, “Microprocessors & Microcontrollers”, 1st edition,
Premier Publications, 2008.

16
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

HIGH VOLTAGED.C. TRANSMISSION

Course Code: 10EE2104 L P C

4 0 4
UNIT-I
H.V.D.C. Transmission:
General considerations, Power Handling Capabilities of HVDC Lines,
Basic Conversion principles, static converter configuration.

UNIT-II
Static Power Converters:
3-pulse, 6-pulse and 12-pulse converters, converter station and Terminal
equipment, commutation process, Rectifier and inverter operation,
equivalent circuit for converter – special features of converter
transformers.

UNIT-III
Harmonics in HVDC Systems, Harmonic elimination, AC and DC
filters.

UNIT-IV
Control of HVDC Converters and systems:
constant current, constant extinction angle and constant Ignition angle
control. Individual phase control and equidistant firing angle control,
DC power flow control.

UNIT-V
Interaction between HV AC and DC systems – Voltage interaction,
Harmonicinstability problems and DC power modulation.

UNIT-VI
Multi-terminal DC links and systems;
series, parallel and series-parallel systems, their operation and control.
17
UNIT--VII
Transient Overvoltages in HVDC systems:
Over voltages due to disturbances on DC side, over voltages due to DC
and AC side line faults

UNIT-VIII
Converter Faults and Protection in HVDC Systems:
Converter faults, over Current protection - valve group, and DC line
protection. Overvoltage protection of converters, surge arresters.

Text Books:

1.E.W. Kimbark; “Direct current Transmission”, Wiley Inter Science –

NewYork, 1971
2. K.R.Padiyar; “HVDC Power Transmission Systems”, 2nd edition,
New Age International Publishers, 2010.

Reference Books :

1.J.Arillaga; H.V.D.C.Transmission”, PeterPeregrinusltd., London UK

1983.

2. E.Uhlman; “Power Transmission by Direct Current”, Springer

Verlag, Berlin Helberg – 1985.

***

18
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION

Course Code: 10EE2105

L P C
4 0 4
UNIT-I
Distribution Automation and the Utility System:
Introduction to Distribution Automation (DA), Control System
Interfaces, Control and Data Requirements, Centralized (Vs)
Decentralized Control, DA System (DAS), DA Hardware, DAS
Software.

UNIT-II
Distribution Automation Functions:
DA Capabilities, Automation System Computer Facilities, Management
Processes, Information Management, System Reliability Management,
System Efficiency Management, Voltage Management, Load
Management.

UNIT-III
Communication Systems for DA:
DA Communication Requirements, Communication Reliability, Cost
Effectiveness, Data Rate Requirements, Two Way Capability, Ability to
communicate during outages and faults, Ease of operation and
Maintenance, Conforming to the Architecture of Data Flow

UNIT-IV
Communication Systems used in DA:
Distribution Line Carrier (Power line carrier), Ripple Control, Zero
Crossing Technique, Telephone, Cable TV, Radio, AM Broadcast,FM
SCA, VHF Radio, UHF Radio,microwave,satellite. Fibre Optics, Hybrid
Communication Systems, Communication systems used in Field Tests.

19
UNIT-V
Technical Benefits:
DA Benefit Categories, Capital Deferred Savings, Operation and
Maintenance Savings, Interruption Related Savings, Customer-related
Savings, Operational Savings, Improved Operation, Function Benefits,
Potential Benefits for Functions, Function-shared Benefits, Guidelines
for Formulation of Estimating Equations.

UNIT-VI
Parameters Required, Economic Impact Areas, Resources for
determining benefits Impact on Distribution Integration System of
Benefits into Economic Evaluation.

UNIT-VII
Economic Evaluation Methods:
Development and Evaluation of Alternate Plans, Select Study Area,
Select Study Period, Project Load Growth, Develop Alternatives,
Calculate Operation and Maintenance Costs, Evaluate Alternatives.

UNIT-VIII
Economic Comparison of Alternate Plans, Classification of Expenses
and Capital Expenditures, Comparison of Revenue Requirements of
Alternative Plans, Book Life and Continuing Plant Analysis, Year-by-
Year Revenue Requirement Analysis, Short Term Analysis,end of Study
Adjustment, Break Even Analysis, Sensitivity Analysis, Computational
Aids.

Text Book:
1. D. Bassett, K. Clinard, J. Grainger, S. Purucker, and D. Ward,
“Tutorial Course: Distribution Automation”, IEEE Tutorial
Publication 88EH0280-8-PWR, 1988.

Reference Book :
1. IEEE Working Group on “Distribution Automation”
20
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Course Code:10EE2106 L P C
4 0 4

UNIT-I: IIR Digital Filter Structure

Block diagram representation-Equivalent Structure-IIR digital filter
Structures Allpass Filters-tunable IIR Digital Filters-IIR tapped cascaded
Lattice Structures-Computational complexity of digital
filter structures.

UNIT – II: FIR Digital Filter Structure

Block diagram representation-Equivalent Structure-FIR digital filter
Structures FIR cascaded Lattice structures-Parallel-Digital Sine-cosine
generator-Computational complexity of digitalfilter structures.

UNIT-III: IIR Digital filter design

Preliminary considerations-Bilinear transformation method of IIR filter
design-design of Low pass high pass, Band pass, and Band stop- IIR
digital filters-Spectral transformations of IIR filters

UNIT-IV: FIR Digital filter design

FIR filter design-based on Windowed Fourier series-design of FIR
digital filters with least–mean-Square-error-constrained Least-square
design of FIR digital filters

UNIT-V: DSP algorithm implementation

Computation of the discrete Fourier transform-Number representation-
Arithmetic operations-handling of overflow-Tunable digital filters-
function approximation.

UNIT-VI Analysis of finite Word length effects

The Quantization process and errors-Quantization of fixed -point and
floating –point Numbers-Analysis of coefficient Quantization effects –
21
Analysis of Arithmetic Round-off errors-Dynamic range scaling-signal-
to- noise ratio in Low -order IIR filters-Low-Sensitivity Digital filters

UNIT-VII Errors Analysis of Digital Filters

Reduction of Product round-off errors using error feedback-Limit cycles
in IIR digital filters- Round-off errors in FFT Algorithms.

UNIT VIII: Power Spectrum Estimation

Estimation of spectra from Finite Duration Observations signals – Non-
parametric methodsfor power spectrum Estimation – parametric method
for power spectrum Estimation-Estimationof spectral form-Finite
duration observation of signals-Non-parametric methods for power
spectrum estimation-Walsh methods-Blackman & torchy method.
Text Books:
1. Sanjit K. Mitra, “Digital signal processing”, 3rdedition, TMH
publisher, 2007.
2. Alan V. Oppenheim, Ronald W. Shafer “Discrete Time Signal
Processing” 2nd edition, Pearson, 1996.
3. John G. Proakis, “Digital Signal Processing principles, algorithms
and Applications”, 3rd edition, PHI publisher, 2002.

Reference Books:
1. S. Salivahanan, A.Vallavaraj, C. Gnanapriya, “Digital Signal
Processing” 2ndedition, TMH publisher, 2009.
2. LourensR. Rebinar & Bernold, “Theory and Applications of Digital
Signal Proceesing”, 1st edition, PHI publisher, 2010.
3. Andrew Auntonian, “Digital Filter Analysis, Design and
Applications”, 2nd edition, TMH publisher, 2005.

22
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

Course Code:10EE2107 L P C
4 0 4

UNIT- I : Sampling and Reconstruction

Introduction, sample and hold operations, Sampling theorem,
Reconstruction of original sampled signal to continuous-time signal. Z –
TRANSFORMS: Introduction, Linear difference equations, pulse
response, Z – transforms, Theorems of Z – Transforms, the inverse Z –
transforms, Modified Z- Transforms.

UNIT-II: Z-Plane Analysis Of Discrete-Time Control System

Z-Transform method for solving difference equations; Pulse transforms
function, block diagram analysis of sampled – data systems, mapping
between s-plane and z-plane: Primary strips and Complementary Strips.

UNIT-III:State Space Analysis

State Space Representation of discrete time systems, Pulse Transfer
Function Matrix solving discrete time state space equations, State
transition matrix and it’s Properties, Methods for Computation of State
Transition Matrix, Discretization of continuous time state – space
equations

UNIT-IV:Controllabilityand Observability
Concepts of Controllability and Observability, Tests for Controllability
and Observability. Duality between Controllability and Observability,
Controllability and Observability conditions for Pulse Transfer Function.

UNIT-V:Stability Analysis
Stability Analysis of closed loop systems in the Z-Plane. Jury stablility
test – Stability Analysis by use of the Bilinear Transformation and Routh
Stability criterion. Stability analysis using Liapunov theorems.

23
UNIT-VI: Design of Discrete Time Control System By Conventional
Methods
Design of digital control based on the frequency response method –
Bilinear Transformation and Design procedure in the w-plane, Lead, Lag
and Lead-Lag compensators and digital PID controllers. Design digital
control through deadbeat response method.

UNIT-VII: State Feedback Controllers and Observers

Design of state feedback controller through pole placement – Necessary
and sufficient conditions, Ackerman’s formula. State Observers – Full
order and Reduced order observers.

UNIT- – VIII Linear Quadratic Regulators

Min/Max principle, Linear Quadratic Regulators, Kalman filters, State
estimation through Kalman filters, introduction to adaptive controls.

Text books:
1. K. Ogata, “Discrete Time Control systems”, 2nd edition, Pearson,
Education, 2010.
2. M. Gopal, “Digital Control and State Variable Methods”, 1st
edition, TMH, 2010.

Reference books:

1. Kuo, “Digital Control Systems”,. 2ndedition, Oxford University Press,

2003.
2.M. Gopal , “Digital Control Engineering”, 1st edition, TMH publisher,
2008.

***

24
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY

L P C
Course Code: 10EE2108 4 0 4

UNIT- I: Generating System Reliability Analysis – I

Generation system model – capacity outage probability tables –
Recursive relation for capacitive model building – sequential addition
method – UNIT- removal – Evaluation of loss of load and energy
indices – Examples

UNIT-II: Generating System Reliability Analysis – II

Frequency and Duration methods – Evaluation of equivalent transitional
rates of identical and non-identical UNIT-s – Evaluation of cumulative
probability and cumulative frequency of non-identical generating UNIT-
s – 2-level daily load representation - merging generation and load
models – Examples

UNIT-III: Operating Reserve Evaluation

Basic concepts - risk indices – PJM methods – security function
approach – rapid start and hot reserve UNIT-s – Modelling using STPM
approach.

UNIT-IV: Bulk Power System Reliability Evaluation

Basic configuration – conditional probability approach – system and
load point reliability indices – weather effects on transmission lines –
Weighted average rate and Markov model – Common mode failures.

UNIT-V: Inter Connected System Reliability Analysis

Probability array method–Two inter connected systems with
independent loads – effects of limited and unlimited tie capacity–
imperfect tie – Two connected Systems with correlated loads –
Expression for cumulative probability and cumulative frequency.

25
UNIT-VI: Distribution System Reliability Analysis – I (Radial
configuration)
Basic Techniques – Radial networks – Evaluation of Basic reliability
indices, performance indices - load point and system reliability indices –
customer oriented, loss and energy oriented indices – Examples

UNIT-VII: Distribution System Reliability Analysis – II (Parallel

configuration)
Basic techniques – inclusion of bus bar failures, scheduled maintenance
– temporary and transient failures – weather effects – common mode
failures – Evaluation of various indices – Examples

UNIT-VIII: Substations and Switching Stations:

Effects of short-circuits - breaker operation – Open and Short-circuit
failures – Active and Passive failures – switching after faults – circuit
breaker model – preventive maintenance – exponential maintenance
times.

Text Books:

1. Roy Billinton and Ronald N. Allan, “Reliability Evaluation of

Power Systems”, 2nd edition, Springer, New York and London,
1996.
2. J. Endrenyi, John Wiley and Sons, “Reliability Modeling in
Electric Power Systems”, 1st edition, 1978.

***
 26
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

POWER SYSTEMS LAB

Course Code: 10EE2109 L P C

- 0 2

1.Fault Analysis of 3-phase Alternator

2.Determination of Xd and Xq of 3-phase Salient Pole Synchronous

Motor

3. IDMT (Inverse Definite Minimum Time) Relay Characteristics

4. Determination of breakdown strength of oil by variable distance

electrodes.

5. Determination of Transmission Line Parameters.

6. Fault Analysis (LL, LG, LLL) of Transmission Lines.

7. Determination of Earth Resistance under various conditions.

8. Milli Volt Drop Test (Calibration of Tongtester).

9. Breakdown Characteristic of Sphere Air Gap.

10. Breakdown Characteristic of Plane Rod Gap.

***

27
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

POWER SYSTEM CONTROL AND STABILITY

Course Code: 10EE2110 L P C

4 0 4

UNIT-I: The Elementary Mathematical Model

A Classical model of one machine connected to an infinite bus –
Classical model of multimachine system –Problems – Effect of the
excitation system on Transient stability.

UNIT-II: System Response to Small Disturbances

The unregulated synchronous Machine – Effect of small changes of
speed – modes of oscillation of an unregulated Multimachine system –
regulated synchronous machine – voltage regulator with one time lag –
Governor with one time lag – Problems.

UNIT-III: Dynamic Stability

Concept of Dynamic stability – effect of excitation on Dynamic stability
– examination of dynamic stability by Routh’s criterion

UNIT-IV: Power System Stabilizers

Introduction to supplementary stabilizing signals- Block diagram of the
linear system- Approximate model of the complete exciter – generator
system – Lead compensation.

UNIT-V: Excitation systems

Excitation system response – Non-continuously regulated systems –
continuously regulated systems – Excitation system compensation –
state space description of the excitation system- simplified linear model
– effect of excitation on generator power limits.
28
UNIT-VI: Types of Excitation systems
Type –2 system: rotating rectifier system, Type-3 system: Static with
terminal potential and current supplies - Typex–4 system: non –
continuous acting - Block diagram representation – state space modeling
equations of these types.

UNIT-VII: Stability Analysis using direct method of Lyapunov

Review of Lyapunov’s stability theorems of non-liner systems using
energy concept – Method based on first concept – Method based on first
integrals – Quadratic forms – Variable gradient method – Zubov’s
method – Popov’s method, Lyapunov function for single machine
connected to infinite bus.
UNIT-VIII: Introduction to Voltage Stability
What is voltage stability –Factors affecting voltage instability and
collapse – Comparison of Angle and voltage stability – Analysis of
voltage instability and collapse – Integrated analysis of voltage and
Angle stability – Control of voltage instability

Text Book:

1. P.M. Anderson, A.A. Fouad, “Power System Control and

Stability”, 2ndEdition ,IOWA State University Press, Galgotia
Publications, 2002.

Reference Books:

1. M.A. Pai, “Power System Stability – Analysis by the direct method

of Lyapunov”, North Holland Publishing Company, Newyork,
1981.
2. K.R. Padiyar, “Power System Dynamics (Stability & Control)”,
2nd edition, B.S.Publications, 2002.

***

29
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Course Code: 10EE2111 L P C

4 0 4
UNIT-I
FACTS Concepts:
Transmission interconnections power flow in an AC system, loading
capability limits, Dynamic stability considerations, importance of
controllable parameters basic types of FACTS controllers, benefits from
FACT Scontrollers.

UNIT-II
Voltage Source Converters:
Single phase, three phase full wave bridge converters, transformer
connections for 12 pulse, 24 and 48 pulse operation.

UNIT-III
Three level voltage source converter, pulse width modulation converter,
basic concept of current source Converters, and comparison of current
source converters with voltage source converters.

UNIT-IV
Static Shunt Compensation:
Objectives of shunt compensation, mid pointvoltage regulation voltage
Instability prevention, improvement of transient stability, Power
oscillation damping,

UNIT-V
Methods of controllable var generation, variable impedance type static
var generators switching converter type var generators hybrid var
generators.

30
UNIT- VI
SVC and STATCOM:
The regulation and slope transfer function and dynamic performance,
transient stability enhancement and power oscillation damping operating
point control and summary of compensator control.

UNIT-VII
Static Series Compensators:
concept of series capacitive compensation, improvement of transient
stabillity, power oscillation damping.

UNIT-VIII
Functional requirements. GTO thyristor controlled series Capacitor
(GSC), thyristor switched series capacitor (TSSC), and thrystor
controlled series capacitor (TCSC) control schemes for GSC TSSC and
TCSC.

Text Book :

1. N.G. Hingorani and L. Guygi,“Understanding FACTS Devices”,

IEEE Press Publications 2000.

***

31
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION

Course Code: 10EE2112 L P C
4 0 4
UNIT-I
E.H.V. A.C. Transmission Line Trends and Preliminary Aspects:
Standard transmission voltages – Power handling capacities and line
losses – Mechanical aspects.
UNIT-II
Calculation of Line Resistance and Inductances:
Resistance of conductors, Temperature rise of conductor and current
carrying capacity. Properties of bundled conductors and geometric
mean radius of bundle, Inductance of two conductor lines and multi –
conductor lines, Maxwell’s coefficient matrix.

UNIT-III
Line Capacitance Calculation:
Capacitance of two conductor line, and capacitance of multi conductor
lines, potential coefficients for bundled conductor lines, sequence
inductances and capacitances and diagonalization.

UNIT-IV
Calculation of electro static field traveling waves due to corona –
Audible Noise due to corona, its generation, characteristics and limits,
measurement of audible Noise.

UNIT-V
Surface Voltage Gradient on conductors:
Surface gradient on 2 conductor bundle and Cosine Law, Maximum
surface voltage gradient of bundle with more than 3 sub-conductors,
Mangoldt formula.

32
UNIT-VI
Corona:
Corona in EHV lines – Corona loss formulae – Attenuation of traveling
waves due to corona – Audible Noise due to corona, its generation,
characteristics and limits, Measurement of Audible Noise.

UNIT-VII
Power Frequency Voltage Control:
Problems at power frequency, Generalized Constants, No load voltage
conditions and charging currents, Voltage Control using synchronous
condenser, Cascade connection of components : Shunt and Series
compensation, Sub Synchronous Resonance in series – capacitor
compensated lines.

UNIT-VIII
Static Reactive Compensation Systems:
Introduction, SVC Schemes, Harmonics injected into network by TCR,
Design of Filters for suppressing harmonics injected into the system.

Text Book:

1. Rakosh Das Begamudre, “Extra High Voltage AC Transmission

Engineering –Wiley Eastern ltd., New Delhi – 1987.

Reference Book:

1.Turan Gonen, “ Electric Power Transmission System

Engineering”, John Wiley, 1998
2.EHV Transmission line reference book – Edison Electric Institute
(GEC) 1986
3.Turan Gonen, “ Electric Power Transmission System Engineering:
Analysis and Design” CRC Press, 2009

***

33
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

NEURAL AND FUZZY SYSTEMS

L P C
Course Code: 10EE2113 4 0 4

UNIT–I:Introduction to Neural Networks

Introduction, Humans and Computers, Organization of the Brain,
Biological Neuron, Biological and Artificial Neuron Models, Hodgkin-
Huxley Neuron Model, Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Model, Spiking
Neuron Model, Characteristics of ANN, McCulloch-Pitts Model,
Historical Developments, Potential Applications of ANN.

UNIT-II: Essentials of Artificial Neural Networks:

Artificial Neuron Model, Operations of Artificial Neuron, Types of
Neuron Activation Functions, ANN Architectures, Classification
Taxonomy of ANN – Connectivity, Neural Dynamics (Activation and
Synaptic), Learning Strategy (Supervised, Unsupervised,
Reinforcement), Learning Rules, Types of Application
UNIT–III: Feed Forward Neural Networks
Introduction, Perceptron Models: Discrete, Continuous and Multi-
Category, Training Algorithms: Discrete and Continuous Perceptron
Networks, Perceptron Convergence theorem, Limitations of the
Perceptron Model, Applications. Multilayer Feed forward Neural
Networks Credit Assignment Problem, Generalized Delta Rule,
Derivation of Backpropagation (BP) Training, Summary of
Backpropagation Algorithm, Kolmogorov Theorem, Learning
Difficulties and Improvements.

UNIT-IV: Associative Memories

Paradigms of Associative Memory, Pattern Mathematics, Hebbian
Learning, General Concepts of Associative Memory (Associative
Matrix, Association Rules, Hamming Distance, The Linear Associator,
Matrix Memories, Content Addressable Memory), Bidirectional
34
Associative Memory (BAM) Architecture, BAM Training Algorithms:
Storage and Recall Algorithm, BAM Energy Function, Proof of BAM
Stability Theorem, Architecture of Hopfield Network: Discrete and
Continuous versions, Storage and Recall Algorithm, Stability Analysis,
Capacity of the Hopfield Network.

UNIT- V: Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) and Adaptive Resonance

Theory (ART)
Introduction, Competitive Learning, Vector Quantization, Self-
Organized Learning Networks, Kohonen Networks, Training
Algorithms, Linear Vector Quantization, Stability-Plasticity Dilemma,
Feed forward competition, Feedback Competition, Instar, Outstar,
ART1, ART2, Applications.

UNIT–VI: Classical & Fuzzy Sets

Introduction to classical sets - properties, Operations and relations;
Fuzzy sets, Membership, Uncertainty, Operations, properties, fuzzy
relations, cardinalities, membership functions.
UNIT-VII: Fuzzy Logic System Components
Fuzzification, Membership value assignment, development of rule base
and decision making system, Defuzzification to crisp sets,
Defuzzification methods.

UNIT- VIII: Applications Neural network applications:

Process identification, Function Approximation, control and Process
Monitoring, fault diagnosis and load forecasting.
Fuzzy logic applications: Fuzzy logic control and Fuzzy classification.

Text Books:
1. Rajasekharan and Rai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy logic, Genetic
algorithms: synthesis and applications”, 1st Edition, PHI Publication,
2008.
2. Jacek M. Zurada, “Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems”, 1 st
Edition, Jaico Publishing House, 2007.
35
Reference Books:
1. N. Yadaiah and S. BapiRaju, “Neural and Fuzzy Systems”:
Foundation, Architectures and Applications, Pearson Education,
2010.
2. James A Freeman and Davis Skapura, “Neural Networks”, 1st edition,
Pearson Education, 2011.
3. Simon Hykins, “Neural Networks”,1st edition, Pearson Education,
2005.
4. C.Eliasmith and CH.Anderson, “Neural Engineering: Computation,
representation and Dynamics in Neurobiological Systems”, 1st edition
PHI, 2004.
5. Bart Kosko, “Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic System”, 1st edition,
PHI Publications, 2007.

***

36
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

REAL TIME CONTROL OF POWER SYSTEMS

Course Code: 10EE2114

L P C
4 0 4
UNIT-I
Power system control-operation, operator activities, control center,
elements of computer control system

UNIT-II
Supervisory and control functions – data acquisition, monitoring and
event processing,control functions

UNIT-III
Time tagged data, disturbance data collection and analysis, reports and
calculations

UNIT-IV
Man-machine communication – operators console, VDU display,
operator dialogs, mimic diagrams, printing facilities

UNIT- V
Real time software – Classification of programs, Structure of real time
programs, construction techniques and tools

UNIT-VI
Programming language requirements for process control

UNIT-VII
Computer control of power systems – Evolution, time scale of system
control, online control,Software for state estimation

37
UNIT-VIII
Generation and load control, security analysis, Software coordination

Text Books:

1. Torsten Cegrell, “Power system Control-Technology”,Prentice Hall.,

1986.
2. S. Bennett and D.A. Linkens,“Real Time Computer Control”, IEE
Series., London Pcregrinus, 1984

***

38
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

OPERATIONS RESEARCH
L P C
Course Code: 10EE2115
4 0 4
UNIT-I
Linear Programming Problem:
Formulation – Graphical method - Simplex method – Artificial variable
techniques – Big-M tune –phase methods
UNIT-II
Duality theorem – Dual simplex method – Sensitivity analysis - effect of
changes in cost coefficients, Constraint constants, Addition/Deletion of
variables & constraints
UNIT-III
Transportation problem:
formulation – Initial basic feasible solution methods – Northwest, Least
cost & Vogel’s methods, MODI optimization - Unbalanced &
degeneracy treatment
UNIT-IV
Assignment problem:
Formulation – Hungarian method – Variants of assignment problems,
Sequencing problems – Flow shop sequencing – n jobs2 machines
sequencing - n jobs3 machines sequencing – Job-shop sequencing – 2
jobsm machines sequencing – Graphical methods.

UNIT-V
Game Theory:
Introduction - Terminology – Saddle point games - with out Saddle
point games - 22 games, analytical method - 2n and m2 games –
graphical method – dominance principle
UNIT-VI
Dynamic programming:
Bellman’s principle of optimality – short route – capital investment –
inventory allocation

UNIT-VII
Non linear optimization:
Single variable optimization problem – Unimodal function - Elimination
methods – Fibinocci & Golden reaction methods - Interpolation
methods - Quadratic & cubic interpotation method. Multi variable
optimization problem – Direct research methods – Univariant method –
Pattern search methods – Powell’s , Hook-Jeaves & Rosen-brock’s
search method.

UNIT-VIII
Geometric programming:
Polynomial – Arithmetic – Seametric inequality – Unconstrained G.P –
Constraint G.P with  type constraint.
Simulation: Definition – Types-steps-Simulation of simple electrical
systems – Advantages and Disadvantages

Text Books:
1. S.S. Rao, “Optimization theory & Applications”, 3 rd edition,
Wiley, 2008.

2. S.D. Sharma, “Operations Research”, 15th edition, Kedarnath and

Ramnath, 2008.

3. Kausur& Kumar, “Operations Research”, Springer

Publishers,2010.

Reference Books:
1. M.C. Joshi & K.M. More Ugalya, “Optimization Techniques:
Theory & Practice”, 1st Edition, Narosa Publications, 2007.
40
2. Beweridze, “Optimization: Theory & Practice”, McGraw Hill,
2009.
3. Law & Kelton,“Simulation Modelling” & Analysis”, 3rd edition,
TMH, 2009.
4. A.D. Belegundu , J.R. Chandrupata, “Optimization Concepts and
Applications in Engineering”, 1 st edition, Pearson Education,
2005.

***

41
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Course Code: 10EE2116
L P C
UNIT-I
4 0 4
Embedded Computing:
Introduction, Complex Systems and Microprocessor, The Embedded
System Design Process, Formalisms for System Design, Design
Examples. (Chapter I from Text Book 1, Wolf)

UNIT-II
The 8051 Architecture:
Introduction, 8051 Micro controller Hardware, Input/Output Ports and
Circuits, External Memory, Counter and Timers, Serial data
Input/Output, Interrupts. (Chapter 3 from Text Book 2, Ayala)

UNIT-III
Basic Assembly Language Programming Concepts:
The Assembly Language Programming Process, Programming Tools
and Techniques, Programming the 8051.Data Transfer and Logical
Instructions. (Chapters 4,5 and 6 from Text Book 2, Ayala)

UNIT-IV
Arithmetic Operations, Decimal Arithmetic. Jump and Call Instructions,
Further Details on Interrupts. (Chapter 7 and 8 from Text Book 2,
Ayala)
UNIT-V
Applications:
Interfacing with Keyboards, Displays, D/A and A/D Conversions,
Multiple Interrupts, Serial Data Communication. (Chapter 10 and 11
from Text Book 2, Ayala)

42
UNIT- VI
Introduction to Real – Time Operating Systems:
Tasks and Task States, Tasks and Data, Semaphores, and Shared Data;
Message Queues, Mailboxes and Pipes, Timer Functions, Events,
Memory Management, Interrupt Routines in an RTOS Environment
(Chapter 6 and 7 from Text Book 3, Simon)
UNIT-VII
Basic Design Using a Real-Time Operating System:
Principles, Semaphores and Queues, Hard Real-Time Scheduling
Considerations, Saving Memory and Power, An example RTOS like
UC-OS (Open Source); Embedded Software Development Tools: Host
and Target machines, Linker/Locators for Embedded Software, Getting
Embedded Software into the Target System; Debugging Techniques:
Testing on Host Machine, Using Laboratory Tools, An Example System.
(Chapter 8,9,10 and 11 from Text Book 3, Simon)
UNIT-VIII
Introduction to advanced architectures:
ARM and SHARC, Processor and memory organization and Instruction
level parallelism; Networked embedded systems: Bus protocols, I 2C bus
and CAN bus; Internet-Enabled Systems, Design Example-Elevator
Controller.(Chapter 8 from Text Book 1, Wolf).

Text Books:
1. Wayne Wolf, “Computers as Components”, Morgan Kaufman,
2010.
2. Kenneth J. Ayala, “The 8051 Microcontroller, Third Edition,
Cenage Learning, 2010.
3. David E. Simon, “An Embedded Software Primer”, Pearson
Education, 2011.

43
Reference Books:
1. Jean. J. Labrosse,“Embedded System building blocks”, 2nd edition,
CMP publishers,1999.
2. Raj Kamal,“Embedded Systems: Architecture, Programming and
Design”, 2ndedition, TMH, 2008.
3. Ajay V Deshmukh, “Micro Controllers: Theory and Applications”,
TMH, 2004.
4. Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, “Embedded System Design”, John
Wiley, 2011.
5. Raj kamal, “Microcontrollers: Architecture, Programming,
Interfacing and System Design”, 2nd edition, Pearson Education,
2011.

***

44
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

POWER QUALITY

Course Code: 10EE2117 L P C

4 0 4
UNIT-I: Introduction:
Introduction of the Power Quality (PQ) problem, Terms used in PQ:
Voltage, Sag, Swell, Surges, Harmonics, over voltages, spikes, Voltage
fluctuations, Transients, Interruption, overview of power quality
phenomenon, Remedies to improve power quality, power quality
monitoring

UNIT-II: Long Interruptions:

Interruptions – Definition – Difference between failure, outage,
Interruptions – causes of Long Interruptions – Origin of Interruptions –
Limits for the Interruption frequency – Limits for the interruption
duration – costs of Interruption – Overview of Reliability evaluation to
power quality, comparison of observations and reliability evaluation.

UNIT-III : Short Interruptions:

Short interruptions – definition, origin of short interruptions, basic
principle, fuse saving, voltage magnitude events due to re-closing,
voltage during the interruption, monitoring of short interruptions,
difference between medium and low voltage systems. Multiple events,
single phase tripping – voltage and current during fault period, voltage
and current at post fault period, stochastic prediction of short
interruptions.

UNIT-IV: Voltage sag – characterization – Single phase:

Voltage sag – definition, causes of voltage sag, voltage sag magnitude,
monitoring, theoretical calculation of voltage sag magnitude, voltage sag
calculation in non-radial systems, meshed systems, voltage sag duration.

45
UNIT-V:Voltage sag – characterization – Three phase:
Three phase faults, phase angle jumps, magnitude and phase angle
jumps for three phase unbalanced sags, load influence on voltage sags.

UNIT- VI: PQ considerations in Industrial Power Systems:

Voltage sag – equipment behaviur of Power electronic loads, induction
motors, synchronous motors, computers, consumer electronics,
adjustable speed AC drives and its operation. Mitigation methods of AC
Drives, adjustable speed DC drives and its operation, mitigation methods
of DC drives.

UNIT- VII: Mitigation of Interruptions and Voltage Sags:

Overview of mitigation methods – from fault to trip, reducing the
number of faults, reducing the fault clearing time, changing the power
system, installing mitigation equipment, improving equipment
immunity, different events and mitigation methods. System equipment
interface – voltage source converter, series voltage controller, shunt
controller, combined shunt and series controller.

UNIT- VIII: Power Quality and EMC Standards:

Introduction to standardization, IEC Electromagnetic compatibility
standards, European voltage characteristics standards, PQ surveys.

Text Book:
1. Math H J. Bollen. “Understanding Power Quality Problems”, First
Indian edition, IEEE Press, 2001.

***

46
GVPCOE AUTONOMOUS 2012-2013

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS SIMULATION LAB

Course Code: 10EE2118 L P C

1. Write program and simulate dynamical system of - 0 2
following models:
a) I/O Model
b) State variable model
Also identify time domain specifications of each.
2. Obtain frequency response of a given system by using various
methods:
(a)General method of finding the frequency domain specifications.
(b) Polar plot
(c) Bode plot
Also obtain the Gain margin and Phase margin.
3. Determine stability of a given dynamical system using following
methods.
a) Root locus
b) Bode plot
c) Nyquist plot
d) Liapunov stability criteria
4. Transform a given dynamical system from I/O model to state
variable model and vice versa.
5. Obtain model matrix of a given system, obtain its diagonalized form
if exists or obtain Jordon Canonical form of system.
6. Write a program and implement linear quadratic regulator
7. Design a compensator for a given system for required specifications.
8. Conduct a power flow study on a given power system.
9. Design a PID controller.
10. Conduct a power flow study on a given power system network
using Guass-Seidel iterative method.

47
11. Develop a program to solve Swing Equation.
12. Develop a Simulink model for a single area load frequency
problem and simulate the same.
13. Develop a Simulink model for a two-area load frequency
problem and simulate the same.
14. Design a PID controller for two-area power system and simulate
the same.
15. PSPICE Simulation of Single phase full converter using
RL&E loads.
16. PSPICE Simulation of Three phase full converter using RL&E
loads.
17. PSPICE Simulation of Single phase AC Voltage controller using
RL load.
18. PSPICE Simulation of Three phase inverter with PWM controller.
19. PSPICE Simulation of Resonant Pulse commutation Circuit.
20. PSPICE Simulation of Impulse Commutation Circuit.

***

48