GROWMORE FACULTY OF DIPLOMA ENGINEERING

Affiliated By Gujarat Technological University

A Project Report On

"Wireless Power Transmission”

SUBMITTED BY

PARMAR PRAGVANSH B. (196840309046)

BHAGORA VISHAL N. (196840309011)
PANDOR JAYESH D. (196840309041)

UNDER GUIDANCE OF
Prof. Ramesh prajapati
Lecturer, GMFDE
In fulfillment for the award of the Diploma of

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

GROW MORE FACULTY OF DIPLOMAENGINEERING,

HIMMATNAGAR
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 Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad

GROW MORE FACULTY OF DIPLOMA ENGINEERING, HIMATNAGAR

Affiliated By Gujarat Technological University

CERTIFICATE
Date: - / /

This Is To Certify That The Project Entitled "Wireless Power

Transmission" Has Been Carried out By PARMAR PRAGVANSH B.
(196840309046), BHAGORA VISHAL N.(196840309011), PANDOR JAYESH
D. (196840309041) Under My Guidance In Fulfillment Of The Diploma In
Electrical Engineering (5th Semester) Of Gujarat Technological University,
Ahmadabad During The Academic Year 2021-22.

Internal Guide: Head Of Department

Prof.Ramesh prajapati Prof. Ramesh Prajapati GMFDE

Date: -

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, we would like to thank our Project Guide Prof. Ramesh Prajapati Lecturer,
Electrical Engineering Department, GMFDE, Himmatnagar who has given valuable
support during the course of our project by clarifying our doubts and guiding us with her
novel ideas.

We would like to thank Prof. Ramesh Prajapati, Head of department, Electrical

engineering, GMFDE, Himmatnagar (Gujarat Technological University) We extend our
sincere thanks to our Department of Electrical engineering for giving us this wonderful
opportunity to work in desired area of interest. We extend our sincere thanks to all
teaching staff of Electrical,those who helped us in completing this project .

Lastly, we also thank the people who directly or indirectly gave us encouragement and
support throughout the project.

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INDEX

NO. CHAPTER PAGE NO.

1. Abstract 05
2. Introduction 07
3. Block Diagram 09
4. Circuit Diagram 11
5. Working 13
6. Component Description 15
7. Advantage & Disadvantage 24
8. Applications 26
9. Future scopes 28
10. Conclusion 31
11. References 33

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Chapter 1 : Abstract

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We cannot imagine the world without electric power. Generally the power is transmitted
through wires. This paper describes an original idea to eradicate the hazardous usage of
electrical wires which involve lot of confusion in particularly organizing them. Imagine a
future in which wireless power transfer is feasible: cell phones, household robots, mp3
players, laptop computers and other portable electronics capable of charging themselves
without ever being plugged in, freeing us from that final, ubiquitous power wire. Some of
these devices might not even need their bulky batteries to operate. This paper includes the
techniques of transmitting power without using wires with an efficiency of about 95%
with non-radioactive methods. Due to which it does not effect the environment
surrounding. These techniques Includes resonating inductive coupling in sustainable
moderate range. The coupling consists of an inductor along with a capacitor with its own
resonating frequency. In any system of coupled resonators there often exists a so-called
“strongly coupled” regime of operation. If one ensures to operate in that regime in a given
system, the energy transfer can be very efficient. Another technique includes transfer of
power through microwaves using rectennas. This is particularly suitable for long range
distances ranging kilometers. With this we can avoid the confusion and danger of having
long, hazardous and tangled wiring. This paper as a whole gives an effective, high
performance techniques which can efficiently transmit the power to the required area
varying in distances.

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Chapter 2 : Introduction

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Unless you are particularly organized and good with tie wrap, you probably have a Few
dusty power cord tangles around your home. You may have even had to follow One
particular cord through the seemingly impossible snarl to the outlet hoping that The plug
you pull will be the right one. This is one of the downfalls of electricity. While it can
make people’s lives easier, it can add a lot of clutter in the process. For these reasons,
scientists have tried to develop methods of wireless power Transmission that could cut
the clutter or lead to clean sources of electricity. Researchers have developed several
techniques for moving electricity over long. Distances without wires. Some exist only as
theories or prototypes, but others are Already in use. This paper provides the techniques
used for wireless power transmission

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Chapter 3 : Block Diagram

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Chapter 4 : Circuit Diagram

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Chapter :-5 Working

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The main concept of this project is to design a device for the concept of wireless power
transfer to eliminate the use conventional copper cables and also current carrying wires.

This project is built upon using a circuit which converts AC 230V 50Hz to AC 12V, High
frequency (HF). The output is fed to a tuned coil shaping as main of an air core
transformer. The minor coil develops a voltage of HF 12volt.

Thus the power transfer can be done by the primary to the secondary that is divided with
3cm distance. So the transfer could be seen as the primary transmits and the secondary
receives the power to run a load.

In addition, this method can be used in several applications, like to charge gadgets like
mobile phone, laptop battery, iPod, propeller clock wirelessly. And also this type of
charging offers a far lower risk of electrical shock as it would be galvanically isolated.

This is an Emerging Technology, and in future, the distance of power transfer can be
improved as the study across the world is still going on.

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Chapter :- 6 Component Description

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1. HF-Transformer
2. Voltage Regulator
3. DC fan
4. IN4007 Diode
5. Coil

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1. HF-Transformer

High frequency (HF) transformers transfer electric power and the physical size are reliant
on the power to be transformed as well as the operating frequency. The emf equation of
universal transformer indicates that at a higher frequency, the core flux density will be
lower for a given voltage. This implies that a core can have a smaller cross-sectional area.

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2. Voltage Regulator

A voltage regulator is an electrical regulator, designed to maintain a constant level

voltage automatically.

Voltage Regulator

 There are three terminals positive voltage regulators are available in many
packages and also with several o/p voltages, making them useful in a wide range
of applications. Output current up to 1A and o/p voltage is 12.
 Thermal overload and short circuit protection
 Output transistor safe operating area protection

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3. Coil

An ideal inductor has inductance, but no resistance or capacitance, and does not dissipate
or radiate energy. However, real inductors have resistance (due to the resistance of the
wire and losses in core material), and parasitic capacitance (due to the electric field
between the turns of wire which are at slightly different potentials). At high frequencies
the capacitance begins to affect the inductor's behavior; at some frequency, real inductors
behave as resonant circuits, becoming self-resonant. At frequencies above this the
capacitive reactance becomes the dominant part of the impedance. Energy is dissipated by
the resistance of the wire, and by any losses in the magnetic core due to hysteresis. At
high currents, iron core inductors also show gradual departure from ideal behavior due to
nonlinearity caused by magnetic saturation. At higher frequencies, resistance and resistive
losses in inductors grow due to skin effect in the inductor's winding wires. Core losses
also contribute to inductor losses at higher frequencies

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Single Layer Coil

A single layer coil, as shown in figure, has two advantages. Firstly, like all air core coils,
it is free from iron losses and the non-linearity mentioned above. Secondly, single layer
coils have the additional advantage of low self-capacitance and thus high self-resonant
frequency.

In the simple case of a single layer solenoidal coil the inductance may be calculated as
follows:

6 L = (d2n 2 ) / (l + 0.45d) [μH]

Where L is the inductance, d is the coil diameter in meters, l is the coil length in meters
and n is the number of turns.

Losses in coil:

At high frequencies, particularly radio frequencies (RF), inductors have higher resistance
and other losses. In addition to causing power loss, in resonant circuits this can reduce the
Q factor of the circuit, broadening the bandwidth. In RF inductors, which are mostly air
core types, specialized construction techniques are used to minimize these losses. The
losses are due to these effects:

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I. Skin effect:

The resistance of a wire to high frequency current is higher than its resistance to direct
current because of skin effect. Radio frequency alternating current does not penetrate far
into the body of a conductor but travels along its surface. Therefore, in a solid wire, most
of the cross sectional area of the wire is not used to conduct the current, which is in a
narrow annulus on the surface. This effect increases the resistance of the wire in the coil,
which may already have a relatively high resistance due to its length and small diameter.

II. Parasitic capacitance:

The capacitance between individual wire turns of the coil, called parasitic capacitance,
does not cause energy losses but can change the behavior of the coil. Each turn of the coil
is at a slightly different potential, so the electric field between neighboring turns stores
charge on the wire. So the coil acts as if it has a capacitor in parallel with it. At a high
enough frequency this capacitance can resonate with the inductance of the coil forming a
tuned circuit, causing the coil to become selfresonant

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4. IN4007 Diode

 This diode is used as full wave bridge rectifier circuit in this project
 Maximum reverse bias voltage capacity of 50V and max forward current capacity
of 1Amp.

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5. DC fan

DC fans are widely regarded as the most efficient type of fans. They consume
significantly less power than AC fans. In fact, DC fans consume up to 70
percent less energy to produce the same output as traditional AC fan types.

This means, that a 25-watt DC-driven yields the same results as 100-watt AC
fan. This is ideal for commercial settings, like restaurants, allowing you to
keep fans running all day without incurring astronomical electric bills.

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Chapter:-7 Advantages &
Disadvantages

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Advantages
 Simple design
 Lower frequency operation
 Low cost
 Practical for short distance
 we don’t have need to stick with wires while using any electric device like mobile,
laptop, camera etc. complete removal of wires is possible by WPT so system
becomes very user friendly and complexity can be reduced. At public places like
Malls and stations, complexity of power system can be reduced by WPT.

Disadvantages
 High power loss
 Non-directionality
 Inefficient for longer distances
 Major disadvantage of wireless power transfer is high power loss for longer
distance. So we can transfer power wirelessly from one point to another very
efficiently if distance is too small but loss rapidly increases with distance.

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Chapter:- 8 Applications

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 Consumer electronics
 Transport
 Heating and ventilation
 Industrial engineering
 Model engineering
 Smart Phones, Portable Media Players, Digital Cameras and Tablets.
 Public Access Charging Terminal.
 Computer Systems
 Miscellaneous: Wireless chargers are finding its way into anything with a battery
inside it. This includes game and TV remotes, cordless power tools, cordless
vacuum cleaners, soap dispensers, hearing aids and even cardiac pacemakers.
Wireless chargers are also capable of charging super capacitors (super caps), or
any device that is traditionally powered by a low-voltage power cable.

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Chapter:- 9 Future Scopes

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Wireless power transfer technology can potentially reduce or eliminate the need for wires
and batteries. Wireless transmission is useful to power electrical devices where
interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous, or are not possible. ... The metal
which are used to make electric wire will extinct in future.

Future work:

To transmit the power to a greater distance, a high power radio frequency amplifier
connected with an oscillator is needed. But the construction of the bulky RF power
amplifier requires much time and patience. High power vacuum tube transistor amplifier
with high current will make the system more efficient. A crystal oscillator circuit might
be a better option for the transmitter circuit since it can produce a very high frequency
A.C. current. Further effort on this same project can yield some real solutions that can
solve the problems of this project. The knowledge of this project will help those who
want to design a wireless charging system

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Chapter:-10 Conclusion

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Wireless power transfer has the potential to change this planet on so many different
levels. ... The most commercially viable application arising to counter the effects of
global warming and the increasing demand for electricity is WPT through microwave
transmission from space.

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Chapter :-11 References

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https://www.watelectronics.com/wireless-power-transfer/

https://www.chinahao.com/product/42659075434/

https://www.elprocus.com/wireless-power-transfer-circuit-and-working/

https://www.google.com/search?q=future+scope+of+wireless+power+transmission&
source=lmns&bih=663&biw=1366&rlz=1C1CHWL_enIN972IN972&hl=en&sa=X&
ved=2ahUKEwiUy_7B3NXzAhXIk9gFHQJoBDsQ_AUoAHoECAEQAA

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