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18 views29 pages03 - Detection of Kick
This document discusses various methods for detecting well kicks during drilling and other well operations, including monitoring changes in rate of penetration, flow rate, pit volume, pump pressure, gas/oil shows, fill amounts, string weight, and more.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
18 views29 pages03 - Detection of Kick
This document discusses various methods for detecting well kicks during drilling and other well operations, including monitoring changes in rate of penetration, flow rate, pit volume, pump pressure, gas/oil shows, fill amounts, string weight, and more.
Uploaded by
mfazaeli40Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture# 03
Detection of Kick
1
2
Detection of Kick
Minimizing amount of influx significantly increase
chances of successful well control operation
3
ROP Change
o Geolograph records real time events for
future use
o Change in rate of penetration
4
Flow Rate Increase
o When pump is running at constant rate, it displace
fixed amount of fluid into well every minute
o Since injection rate of fluid into well is constant, rate of
fluid return should also be constant
o Formation fluid may be feeding in if increase in fluid
volume is seen (more flows out than we pump in)
while pump rate has not changed
5
Volume Gain
o Formation fluid entering well displace or kick fluid out of
hole, resulting in gain in pit volume
o Increase in total pit volume show kick occur
o All circulating tanks should be measured and marked so
additional increase will be promptly noticed
o Pit-volume totalizer systems (PVTs) are required by
regulations and operators
6
Float Type Pit Level
Sensor
7
Flowrate Sensor
8
Flow- Pump Off
o Whenever drilling break or reverse break is
encountered, it is recommended that driller stops
drilling immediately and performs flowcheck
o Flowcheck:
❖ Stop rotation
❖ Pick up pipe to connection height
❖ Shut down mud pumps
❖ Watch for flow from annulus
9
Flow- Pump Off
After allowing for usual drainback:
o If flow cease, then drilling will be resumed
o If flow persist, it must be assumed formation
is kicking and well must be shut-in
o Flowcheck is one early way kick can be detected
10
Flow- Pump Off
Flow from annulus not due to kick which include:
o Charging pumps that did not shut down when rig
pumps were turned off
o U-tubing of heavier fluid in string to annulus
o Flowback of mud due to ballooning
11
Ballooning
o Tendency of some formations
to accept drilling fluid when
circulating, then give it back
when pump is shut down
12
Pit Volume Increase
13
Speed/Pressure
Change
Formation influx decrease density of fluid column
Decrease hydrostatic pressure exerted by fluid column
Mud in string tends to U-tube into annulus
Pump pressure decrease & pump speed increase
14
Change in
Pump Pressure/Speed due to Kick
15
Gas/Oil Shows - Circulating
o Need gas detector to monitor return flow to detect
abnormal pressure trends
o Increase in oil or gas mean feeding in because of
insufficient hydrostatic pressure
o As more gas feed in and expand, hydrostatic pressure
continue to drop until well start to flow
16
Increase in Gas &
Signs of Oil in Pits
17
Improper Fill Amount
o If well is not taking proper amount of fluid to fill we can
assume that formation fluid is invading wellbore
o Tripping out of hole may be one of most common
cause of kicks which include:
❖ Loss of circulating pressures
❖ Swabbing effect of pulling pipe
❖ Improper fill-up that reduce hydrostatic pressure
18
String Wont Pull Dry
o When tripping out, it is possible for formation fluid to
enter well to prevent fluid inside pipe from falling
o If string pull dry at first, but then it begin to pull wet
later, trip should be suspended
o Full opening safety valve should be installed on pipe,
and well conditions evaluated
19
Kicks out of Hole
o Often began during the trip out but were not noticed
o More likely, kick started when hole was not filled
frequently enough toward end of trip or while handling
collars
o Indicator of kick when out of hole is flow from well
o When out of hole, it is good practice to close blind rams
and monitor pressure at choke
20
Kicks while out of Hole
21
Displacement - Trip in
o Pipe run into well, displace fluid out equal to pipe's
displacement if no floats are in use
o If pipe is lowered too fast, fluid may be forced into
formation due to surge pressures
o Result in lowering fluid column and reduction of
hydrostatic pressure
o With influx in hole, more volume is displaced out of hole
than pipe’s displacement due to gas expansion and/or
flowing well
22
Flow Check while Tripping:
o Stop trip
o Set pipe in slips
o Stab full opening safety valve and close
o Observe well carefully
23
String Weight Change
o Increase string weight could be due to influx which
decrease density of fluid surrounding pipe
o As fluid density decrease, ability of fluid to provide
buoyancy is reduced, resulting in increase of weight
o If there is decrease in string weight, decrease could be
due to formation fluids forcing upwards against pipe
o Well should be shut in without delay
24
Kicks while Wirelining
Well kicks occur while logging & during wireline activities
are result of:
o Swabbing action of tools being pulled through tight
section of hole
o Swabbing effect of tools being pulled too fast
o Failing to keep hole full during such activities
25
Wireline Lubricator
o Consideration should always be given
to use of wireline lubricator
o Lubricator long enough to encompass
tools allow string to be pulled from well,
if kick occurs, without having to cut
wireline to shut in well
26
Kicks while
Casing Running
o Similar to kicks while tripping drillstring
o Rig operations are oriented to running casing, not to
detecting well kick or shutting in well!
o Well kick can be detected by observing that flow of
displaced mud does not stop between joints of casing
o If annular preventer is to be closed, closing pressures
should be checked against collapse ratings of casing
27
Kicks while Cementing
o Result of reducing annulus pressure during cement
operation
o Reduction of annulus pressure result from:
❖ Light cement slurries
❖ Lost circulation
❖ Improperly weighted spacer
❖ Mechanics of cement setting up
28
Cementing Unit
29
