Transformasi Digital

S2 PTK
Pascasarjana
Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
2022

Priyanto
[email protected]

Internet of Things
 Priyanto (2022)
• Timeline Internet dalam Revolusi Industri
• Internet of Things
• IoT technologies
• Traditional architecture vs IoT Architectural
• IoT platform
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Internet dalam Timeline Revolousi Industri 3

Zaman Batu Zaman Logam

Pra Revolusi Industri

Abad ke-18 Abad ke-19 Abad ke-20 Abad ke-21

WWW Internet of
(Web) Things
IoT
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Tranformasi Digital
Web (R)Evolution 4

Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0

1996 2006 2016
Read Read-Write Read-Write-Understand
• Semantic
• Intelligent
• Realtime
 Priyanto (2022)

Transformasi Digital
Internet of People (IoP) 5

Mempengaruhi Perilaku

Internet People
Perilaku manusia digunakan
sebagai Algoritma

Model kuantitatif perilaku individu dan sosial manusia:

dari sosiologi, antropologi, psikologi, ekonomi, fisika
Internet of Things
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Internet of Things (IoT) 7

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects or

“things” embedded with
• sensors/actuators
• processors à Computer
• software à OS and application
• network connectivity capability à transmitter+receiver (transceiver)
to enable them to exchange data with the manufacturer of the
device, device operators, and other connected devices.
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Internet of Things (IoT) 8

• The Internet of Things (IoT) is somehow a leading path to a smart

world with ubiquitous computing and networking.
• It aims to make different tasks easier for users and provide other
tasks, such as easy monitoring of different phenomena surrounding
us.
• With ubiquitous computing, computing will be embedded
everywhere and programmed to act automatically with no manual
triggering; it will be omnipresent.
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
IoT Technologies 9

IoT systems seamlessly connect the physical world with the digital
world, which enables real-time monitoring and interaction with
physical objects, as well as information and knowledge extraction from
massive sensor data generated by heterogeneous IoT devices

Device embedded Transceiver Cloud-based

Computer
Software platform
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
The Basic Hardware of an IoT device 10

• sensors/actuators,
• controlling processor (Computer)
• Software (operating syetem + application)
• communication transceiver (Internet+Identity)
• power supply
 Priyanto (2022)
Tranformasi Digital
The identifier in the IoT 11

IP address
IP address

• IP addresses identify nodes in the Internet and serve as locators for

routing
• The term "identifier" is similar to the term "name". A name does
not change with location, in contrast to an "address", which is
intended to be used to refer to the location of a thing.
• IP addresses are used to route packets between end-systems.
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
IoT Devices 12

Embedded in

Object • Person
• Device
• Machine
• Animal
• Tree
• dll
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Tranformasi Digital
IoT 13

• In the IoT, environmental and daily life items, also named “things”,
“objects”, or “machines” are enhanced with computing and
communication technology and join the communication framework.
• Wireless and wired technologies already provide the communication
capabilities and interactions, meeting a variety of services based on:
• person-to-person,
• person-to-machine,
• machine-to- person,
• machine-to-machine interactions and so on.
• These connected machines or objects/things will be new Internet or
network users.
Tranformasi Digital
Priyanto (2022)
14
IoT Environment

Internet
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
15

ITU view
of Ubiquitous
Networking
ITU: International Telecommunication Unit
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Tranformasi Digital
IoT Communication Technologies 16

• Proximity communication (RFID: Radio Frequency Identifier)

• Short-range wireless personal area network (IEEE 802.15.4)
• Wireless local area networks (e.g. WiFi IEEE 802.11
a/b/g/n/ac and low-power WiFi 802.11 ah),
• Low-power wide area network (LPWAN)
• Cellular networks (GPRS, 3G and 4G) and even satellite
communications.
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Radio Frequency Identifier 17

• No need for embedded power

• Tracking inventory
Passive RFID • Unique identification number
• More publicized (Wal-Mart, Metro, Department of Defense, etc.)
• Sensitive to interference (metal, noise, etc.)
Semi-passive • Powers the microchip of the tag
RFID • Less sensitive to interference than passive tag (metal)
• Embedded power: communicate over greater distance – Unique identifier
Active RFID • Other devices (e.g. sensor)
• Better than passive tags in the presence of metal
Semi-active • Power the transmitter part
RFID • Better than passive and semi-passive in a noisy environment
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Traditional M2M Architecture and the IoT Architectural 18

If you compare these, it becomes clear that the only difference at this high level is
the addition of the Internet.
 IoT Platform

19
Tranformasi Digital
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
IoT Platform 20

• Untuk menciptakan nilai dari perangkat IoT yang terhubung, sangat

penting untuk memiliki entitas yang cerdas untuk memfasilitasi dan
mengatur interaksi kunci antara berbagai komponen dalam
tumpukan teknologi IoT serta sistem dan layanan teknologi informasi
lainnya yang digunakan dalam bisnis.
• Platform IoT memainkan peran penting ini, yang merupakan
komponen penting dalam tumpukan teknologi IoT.
• Tujuan utama platform IoT adalah untuk memudahkan pengembang,
penyedia layanan, manajer, dan pengguna untuk mengerjakan solusi
IoT.
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
IoT Platform Functionalities 21

IoT platforms have many functions or subplatforms

running in the back end, such as:
• cloud/edge computing,
• application enablement,
• data management,
• connectivity management,
• device management,
• data analytics and visualization,
• security
Tranformasi Digital
Priyanto (2022)
22

Functionalities
IoT Platform
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Cloud/Edge Computing 23

Cloud/Edge Computing This offers computing and data

storage resources to IoT platforms throug:
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS),
• Software as a Service (SaaS) or
• Platform as a Service (PaaS)
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Application Enablement 24

• This abstracts many common features from the logic of specific

applications and provides application programming interfaces
(APIs), which make it feasible to develop diverse IoT applications
without knowing the intricate underlying hardware and
software layers.
• Example: Google Maps provides an API for programmers who
develop application programs that use the Google Maps
platform, so that users don't have to look at the complexities
involved.
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Tranformasi Digital
Data Management 25

• Aimed not only at orchestrating the data flows from geographically

distributed and different types of sensors,
• this also allows businesses to integrate massive data from machines
and sensors with the existing data from, for example:
• enterprise resource planning systems,
• open government databases
• social media feeds
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Tranformasi Digital
Connectivity Management 26

• This provides connectivity support to all primary IoT communication

networks, covering a wide span of communication ranges and
capacities, and thereby offering greater flexibility, reliability and
scalability in designing IoT solutions.
• The IoT solution will need a multi-network connectivity using
multiple communication technologies.
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Tranformasi Digital
Device Management 27

This monitors devices’ running status and ensures they are all
working properly.
It contains operations such as location updates, firmware
downloads and updates, remote diagnosis, search and discovery
of devices and operational status, reboots, factory resets,
collecting error codes and log messages.
 Priyanto (2022)

Tranformasi Digital
Data Analytics 28

Extracting insights and knowledge from big

data (structured or unstructured data) from
sensors and machines, and external data
sources, data analytics creates value for
business and society.
 Priyanto
[email protected]