IRIBHUVAN LNIVERSIIY Exam.

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks

;qo
Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 3?l
2076 Chaitra Year / Part N/T e 3 hrs.

Subject: - Structural Dynamics (Elective I) (CE 72501)

'/
r'
Candidates are required to give their answers in their ovrn words as far as practicable.
Afiempt All questions.
/ The figures in the margin indicate Full Ma*s.
y' Assume nritable data if necessary.
L a) How to diflerentiate between static and dynamic loading? Describe types of dynamic
loading. Explain D'Alembe('s Principle. l8l
b) A SDOF system consists of the following pa.rameters: lnass, m = 5 kg, k:100 N/m
and damping e=3 N-sec/m. Determine:
(i) the damping factor
(ii) the natural frequency ofthe damped vibration
(iii) logarithmic decremeDt
(iv) No. of cycles after which the original amplitude is reduced to 20%? t8l
2. a) Determine the response of the following system under the given initial conditions.
StilTness 320 kN/cm, weight = 58.86 kN, damping constant = 4, initial displacemenr=
2cm and initial velocity = 7.6 rnlsec. Also plot the response. t8l
b) For a SDOF system is subjected to a rectangular pulse load of amplitude I00KN and
duration 0.4 second. Determine the response of the tower having mass 500kg and
stiffness 200 kN/cm during forced vibration and free vibration phase. Assume
undamped system. i8l
3. a) A steel rigid frame, as sholvn in figure below, supports a rotating machine, which
exerts a horizontal force at the girder level of 50,000 sinl ltN. Assuming 4 percent
critical damping, what is the steady state amplitude of vibration? I"o1un,n: 1500x10-7
mo, E=21 ,l olo N/m2. t6l
m=500
T-
+.1
.L
b) Explain with an example how Holzer's method is canied out to determine the firs(
mode of frequency of shear building. t l0l
4. Find out the frequencies and mode shapes of a building system having multi degree of
freedom as shown in figure below by matrix partition method. tt6l
5. Write short notes on: (Any Four) 14x4)
a) Vibration isolation and its effectiveness
b) Time domain analysis for general dynamic loading
c) Mode superposition method
d) Transverse vibration of beam
e) Axial vibration ofa bar
 \

TRIBHUVAN UN]VERSITY Exam.

, INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Mark 80

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks

2075 Chaitra Year / Parl rv /t Time 3 hrs

Subject: - Structural Dynamics (Elective l) (CE72501)

"/ Candidates are required to give their aaswers in their own words as far as practicable.
J Attempt All questiorls.
/ The fignes in the margin indicate Full Marks.
/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

l. a) A machine vr'eighting 100KN is mounted through springs having a total stiffness i

20KN/m to a simple supported beam in the mid-span. AiStrming l0% of critical
damping and neglecting the weight ofbeam, determine: i
il 0l I
(i) Equivalent mass
(ii) Equivalent stiffness
(iii)Natural frequency
I
(iv)Equivalent damping coeffi cient
D) A sensitive instrument with weight 450N is to be installed at a location where the I
vertical acceleration is 0.lg at a frequency of l0 Hz. This instrument is mounted on a
rubber pad of stiffness 15 KN/m and damping such that the damping ralio of the
system is l0olo. What is the acceleration transmitted to the instrunent? ti0j I

2. a) A delicate instrument weighting l00kg is to be mounted on a rubber pad to lhe floor I

ofa test laboratory where the vertical acceleration is 0.2g at frequency of Fl2 cps. It
has been determined experimentally that ratio of the stiffness k, to the damping
I
coeffrcient c, is equal to 100(l/sec) for the type of rubber pad material used in the
i
isolation. What is the stiffness of the isolation requircd to reduce 1o 0.02g the
acceleration transmitted 10 the instrument? t 101 i
i

b) For a SDOF system is subjected to a triangular pulse load of amplitude Pe and during i

't1' as shown below. Determine the response of the undamped system during forced I

vibration and fiee vibration phase. It0] I

I

P(t) I

I
Po
I

I
I

t1 I

i
I

I
 I

3. a) Delerrnine the natural tequencies and mode shapes of the fwo storied shear building
as shown. AIso sketches the mode shapes and illustrate that modes shape satisfy the
orthogonally conditions.
m1

I 3.0 m

3.0 m
2t 2l

4.0 m

Where m1 = 2400kgl m2 = I700kg

EI = 8,000 KN-mr. If required to solved the problem. [0]
b) Illustrate with example how the Stodola method is used to find the first mode of shear
building. [0]
4. Write short notes with appropriate expressions and description ofnotation (any fwo):
a) Transverse Vibration ofa string [2*10]
b) Frequency domain analysis for support motion
c) Uncoupled equation ofmotion for the structue I

*** I
I

I
I
 064 TRlil,'lljV.,\N'rJNlvllF.-s:l-\' Iixlnr.
]NSTI TUTE O F EN GINEERT N- G l,eyei BE Full Marks
Exanrination Control Division 'i.-Progranrnre BCt Ptss Marks -)
)
2075 Ashrvin i Year/Plrt
.Tinte IV / I J hrs
Subjecl: - Structural Dynarnics (Dleoive I) (C87250t)
/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attempt any Fo r questions.
/ The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
/ Asstrme suitable data ifnecessary.

l. a) A structure is modeled as a damped oscillator with spring constant 100

kN/cm and an undamped natural frequency a = 20 rad./sec. It was forurd
-a
that a fcirce of 80 lN irrbduced relative velocity of 2.0 cnVsec in the
damping element. Find (a) the damping ratio (, (b) the damped period Tp,
(c) the logarithmic decrement 6, and (d) ratio between two consecutive
amplitudes. [10]

b) Determine the response ofSDIr system to the constant force shown in

figl: a, t10l

Po

Fig.1
t
2. (a) Derive the expression for the response ofthe structure to the free
vibration of underdamped slstem. [10]

(b) Amachine of weight of 120 kN is mounted centrally on a simply

supported beam of span 4.0 m producing harrnonic force of magnitude F=
150 kN at frequency d= 70 rad/sec. Neglect the weight of the beam and
assume 15% of critical damping, determine the amplitude of motion of the
machine, transmissibility ratio, force transmifted to the support and
corresponding phase angle. [10]
rate P = z.riros N/rn-', I = 45x106 mma .

3. (a) The figure shown below idealized as two storey shear frame building
i) Determine the natural frequencies, mode shapes and sketch. [20]
ii) Verifu the orthogonality properties.
iii) Normalize each mode so that roof displacement is unity'
iv) Nonaalize each mode so that the modal mass Mn has unit value .
v) Determine the free vibration response olthe structure of atF 0.2
sec, if initial displacement is <0.04 0.08>' and initial velocity is
<0.2 0.4>:t
Wz= :ooo rN

k2:400 kN/cm
Wt=zooo t:v

kr=400 kN/cm

Fig.2
4. a. Find the firndamentalvibration mode shape and frequency for the
structre shown in fig 3 using Stodola or Holzer method. [10]

k:

k,

k1

Fig.3

Wr :Wz = 400 kN; W: = 350 kN;

Kl :400 kr''l/cin; K2= 350 loVcm and K3 = 300 kN/cm
b. Derive the expression for the equation of motion for transverse
vibration of a beam. Il0l
5.
' Write the notes on (any four): [5x4]
a. Uncoupled equation ofmotion
b. Duhamel integral
c. Mode superposition method
d. Time domain analysis for general dynamic loading
e. Lagrange's equation of motion
 i

064 TRIBIJTIVA}I UNryERSITY Exam. Rcsuht' I

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING l-evel BE Full Marks 80 I}

t
Examination Control Division Programrne BCE Pass Marks j 32 ii
2074 Chaitra Year I Parl lv /l Time 3 hrs. N
,|
Subject: - Structural Dynamics (Elective I) (CE72501) i
'l4
/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable
/ AUempt any f;gAl queslions. I
i

/ The /igures in the margin indicate Full Marhs. I

/ Assume suitable data if necessary. I

l. a) A free vibrarion tesl is conducted on an empty elevated wder tank A cable

attaclred tolbe lank epplied a horizontal forceof 20KN and pull tletank I

hbrizonulty by 7 cm. The cable is suddenly cut and Ure resulting free
i
vibradon is recorded at tle end of l0 complete cycle lhe time is 4 sec ard I
*tre amplitude is 2 cm. from the data compute lhe following.
I
a) Damping ratio tl0l
i
b) Natural period of undamped vibration I
I
c) Sufhess coefficient I

d) effective weight
e) Damping coellicienl
f) No. of cycle required for the displacemenl arnplitude to decrease to 0.2
cm.
i
b) For a SDOF syslem is subjected to a triangular pulse load of arnplitude Po
i
and during 'tl' as shown in the figure below. Determine the resporue of
the undamped system during forced vibration and fiee vibration ptrase, t 101
I
I

P0) I

I
I

Po

t
t1
I
2. a) A machine of mass 100 kg is supported on steel springs.tlat deflect 1.2
mm under the weiglrl of the machine. At the operating speed ofthe motor
of 3000 rpnl imbalance causes a maximum disturbing force of 360 ISI-
What is the maximum force transmitted lo &e foundation if dampirrg in the
steel springs is negligible? If the steel springs were replaced by neoprcne
pads having the sarne stiftress bul a damping ratio 0,2; what would bethe
rna\imum tsansmitted force? Il0l

b) 'rvhar is dynamic magnification factor? What are the factors inlluencing

{ynamic magnification factor? Explain with suitable curve plot. u0I

I
 !rI
3. a) Detenrrine the Eigen values and Eigen vecror for the shear building as
li
shown in figure. Dratv the Mode Shapes and rwite down the modal matrix. l4
Ir5]
trr1
{)
kl
l+
I
!
() m2

-+ k2
I

) m3 I

..k1 I
I
-7 I
I

Top story: ml: m= l50kN.sec2/m, kr: k:43750 kN/m I

I
Middle story: mz=2m, k,l= 2k I

Ground story m3-2n! k:=2k

b) Demonstrate numerically that the computed mode shapes satisfr the

orthogonality conditions with respect to stiffness only. I

4. a) Illustrate with an example how Holzer method is carried out to determine

the first mode frequency ofa shear building. [10] I
!

b) Wriie down *re partial differential equation of motion of trarsverse I

vibration of a string and beam. Explain about associated boundary

condition tt0l
I
J Write in brief with necessary relationships: (an1, four)
a Duharnel's integral and its solution- i
b. Logarithmic decrement I

c- Dirac-Delta Frmction and Unit Impulse Response Frequency

d. Mod6^SUperposition M6'ihod.
e. Vibration isolanon and Trarumissibilirv
I

ii

I
 I

i
I

6 A TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam,

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80
Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32
2074 Ashwin Year I P^rl rV/r Time 3 hrs

Subject: - Structural Dynamics (Elective D CE72501)

/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable
,/ Attempt 4l! questions.
/ The frgures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
/ Assume suitable data dnecessary.

1 . a) An SDOF system (m : 20k9, k : 20N/m) is given an initial displacement of l0mm

and initial velocity of 150 mm/sec. Find: t8l
(i) The natural frequency
(ii) The period of vibration
(iii) The amplitude of vibration
(iv) The time at which the fifth maximum peak occurs
b) A vibrating system consisting ofa mass of 2.15 kg and a spring stiffness 17N/cm is
viscously damped such that the ratio ofany two consecutive amplitude is 1.00 and
0.97. Determine (i) the natural frequency of the damped system (ii) the logarithmic
decrement (iii) the damping factor (iv) the damping coefficient t8l
2. a) A centrifugal fan running at a constant speed of 1000 rpm weighs 100 kg and has a
rotating unbalance of 30 kg-cm. When dampers having damping factior | : 0.1 are
used, specify the spring stiffness for mounting such that only 10% of the unbaiance
force is transmitted to the floor. Also determine the magnitude of transmitted force. t8l

b) The equation olmotion of a SDOF system is given by 1000;(t)+ l600DO = f (t) witfr
initial displacement and velocity equal lo zero. The system is subjected to a
rectangular impulse of 20 KN for 0.2 seconds. Determine the response ol the system
at t:0.3 Sec. Units of mass and stiffness are Kg and KN/m respectively. t8l
3. The below figure represents a two storey frame idealised as a shear building. The mass
and the stiffness parameters are indicaled in the same figure. For the given system,
a) Formulate the equation of motions
b) Determine the modal lrequencies
c) Draw the made shapes of the frame
d) Determine the free vibralion response at t:0.4sec if initial displacement
: [0.01 0.08]rm and initial velocrty : [0.2 0. I ]r m/sec. li 6l
mr: 1000 k 2

kr :100 KN/m

m : 2000

I
k2 :1 20 KN/m
4. a) Write down the steps to determine frequencies and mode shapes of a system having
multi degree of freedom by matrix iteration (Stodola) method. t6l
b) Using Improved Rayleigh (R00, R01 and Rl l) method, determine fundamental
frequency ofvibration ofthree storey building frame shown in below figure. ll0l
mr = 5000 Kg

Kr = 150000 N/m

m, = 7500 Kg

K, = 250000 Nh
m3 = 9000 Kg
3

K3 = 350000 N/m

i I
5. Write short notes on: (Any Four) [4x4]
a) Orthogonality conditions for mode shapes
b) Vibration isolation and its effectiveness
c) Traserverse vibration of beam
d) Axial vibration ofrod
e) Response to rectangular impulse
***
 6 A TRIB}IUVAN U\-I\/ERSITY
INSTI TUTE OF EI .,'
GINEERINC
lExim.
lL,evel
@
Bi Full Marks S0 i

Examination Control Division j Prg8ramme , BCE, Pass Marks ,

7073 Chaica ! Year / Part :.lV / i Time :

i hrs

Subject: - Stn:ctural Dynamics @leaive l) (CE72501)

/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
I

J Attempt All questions.

/ lhe fgtres in the margin indicole Full Marks.
/ Assume suilable data i,[necessary.

I . a) Assume that mass and sliffrress of a system are 200 Kg and 5000 N/rr respectively
and it is undamped. If initial displacement is 40 mm and the displacement at t = 1.2
second is also 40 mm, determine displacement al t = 2.4 second. Also determine the
amplitude of free vibration. t8l
b) A single bay concrete frame having rvith fixed support al its base has height 4m.
column size 240 mm x 240 mm, E = 25000 N/mm2 and structue weight 100 KN
lumped at its floor level. If the fiame is subjected to a sinusoidal ground motion vr(t)
= 4sin5t mm, determine i) transmissibility of motion to girder, ii) maximum shear
force and bending moment in support columns ard iii) maximum stress in the
columls. 14+2+21
2. a) Derive the expression for the response of the structure to the harmonic loading of rhe
undamped system. t8]
b) Al electric motor of mass 150 kg is mounted on an isolator block of mass 1200 kg
and the natural frequency of the total assembly is 150 cpm with damping factor ( = l

0.1 5.

Ifthere is an unbalance force ofF -- 80 Sin 3l-4t, delermine amplitude ofthe vibration
oflhe block and transmitted to the floor. t8]
3. The figure shown below represents a t\r'o-storey frame idealized as a shear building. The
mass and the flerural rigidity parameters are indicated in the same figure. For the given
system determine free vibralion response at t = 0.5 sec if initial displacement and velocity
are [0.02 0.01]r m and [0.3
0.21r m/s respectively. tl6]
m, = 1500 Kg

KI = 150 KN/m

mz = 2500 Kg

Kz = 200 KN/m
4. a) Find the fundamental vibration mode shape and frequency for thc struclure shown in
figure below using Stodola or Hcrlzer method. tl0l
MI

Kr

Kz

K:

Mr = 40 kg; lVt2=Y3 = 60 kg;

Kr = 600 N/m; Kz: 800 N/m and K3 = 1000 N/m

b) Derive the expression for the equation of motion for an axial vibration ofa bar. t6l

5. Write short notes with appropriate expressions and description ofnotations. (Any four) Iaxa]
a) Over damped system I

b) Unit impulse response function

c) Mode superposition method l

d) Uncoupled equalions of motion I

e) Complex frequency response function

I
 I

I
i

i
O4A TRIBI]UVAN T,INTVERSITY Eram. Neu' Back (2066 & Later Batch) -
I
INSTITLTTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80 I

Examination Control Division Programme BCE Pass Marks 32

I

2072 Kartik Yezr I Parl N/1 i I tme 3 hrs, I

l-
Sabjecl: - Structural Dynamics @lective I) (CE72501)
r' Caldidates are required to give their aaswers iri their own words as far as practicable. I
/ Attempt t!! questions. i
/ The lgres in the morgi.n indicate Fall Marhs.
/ Assume suitable dala dnecessary.
I
l. a) Define and explain with a simple example structural damping. t4]
b)'A SDOF system consists ofthe following parameten: mass, m :5 Kg, K = 100 N/m and
danping C = 3 N Sec/m. Determine (i) the darnping faaor, (ii) the natural frequenry of
dairped vibration (iii) logarithmic decrement (iv) the ratio of two cons€cutive amplitudes
and (v) the number ofcycles after which the original amplitude is reduc€d to 20 %. tsl
o) A siogle:bay.concrete frame having fixed srpporl at its base has height 3 r\ cofumn size
240 \i\mx)49 pr4. E = 25000 Momz and strudre weigh- 20 KN lumped,'A iti. flooi
level. A rotating nnc ine exerts a horizontal forc€ P(t) = I0 sin2ot'KN ai the girderieveL
Assrming 5 % of critical dampirg, determine (a) Steady state amplitude ofvibratio:n and
.. (b) lvlaxinum dynamic stress io the columns. Assume tbat the girder is rigid. I8l
2. a) Determine the response of the following syslem by the applied force prescribed
belou The system initially at rest condition. t8]

M Po (t)

'rc
m=2
K=72
I

t
x/3

b) Explain with an exarnple how Hozler method is carried out to determine the first
mode offrequency ofa shear building. u2l

I
3. a) Determine the nahral fiequencies and mode shape for the shear building as shown in
figure below. Draw the Mode Shapes and write down the modal matrix. [ 15]

{ , ft1
k1

{ ) m2

{ ) ro3
l*
/7 -7
I

Top story: mr= m= 150kN.sec2/m, k'= k =43750kN/m

Middle story: 2fi1,
mz= kz= 2k

Ground story: m:= 2m, k:= 2k

Heigbt of building (h) = 3m

b) Demonstrate numerically that the computed mode shapes satis$ the olthogonality
conditions with respect to mass only. t5l
4. a) Write down the partial differential equation of motion for transverse vibration of a
string and beam. Explain the associated boundary conditions- tl2l
b) What is dynamic magrification factor? What are the factors inlluencing dynamic
magnification factor? Explain with suitable curve plot- t8l

L]
 06A TR]BHUVANUNIVERS,TY Exa Dl.
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE i rutt uarks i 80
Examination Control Division Programme BCE : Pass Marks 32
2071 Shawan Year / Part IV/I Time 3 hrs

Subjecl: - Structural Dynamics (CE72501) (Elective I)

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable
/ Attempt any Four queslions.
/ The rtgures in the margin indicate Full Mark.
/ Assume suilable data if necessary.

I (a) A system vibrating with a natural frequency of8 cycles per second starts with an initial
a;rplitude-(ve) of3 crns and initisl vclocityof.l0 cnr/sec. r*ind out tl:e fo!!erving:
(i) Natural period, Iand angular frequency, a.r.
(ii) Amplitude of the motion,p.
(iii)Maximum velocity.
(iv) Maximunr acceleration.
(v) Phase angle, 9.
(vi)Static defl ection, v,,. (8)
(b) A vibrating system consists ofa rnass of4 kg and a spring ofstiffness of I50 N/m and a
damper of coefficient of 5 N-s/m. Determine:
(i) Damping factor
(ii) Natural frequency ofdamped vibration
(iii)Logarithmic decrement
(iv)Ratio of trvo suocessive amplitude
(v) Number of cycles after which the initial amplitude is reduc.ed io 25%o. (6)
(c) | Determine the response for a spring-mass system during forced vibration and free
lvibration phase, when it is subjected to a triangular force as shown in the figure given
below. (6)
F(r

F6

t1

2 (a) Define dynamic magnification factor, and response ratio. Describe in brief with a neat
of frequency ratio and damping ratio on dynamic magnification
sketch tfie influence
. factor. (s)

@) A damped SDOF system has a mass of 50 kg, a damping ratio of 0.1, a natural
frequency of l0 radlsec, and is subjected to a harmonic excitation of amplitude 2500 N
and fre4uency of 150 rad/sec. Determine the steady-state amplitude and phase angle of
the response.
(7) ,

(c) A machine of 200 kg mass is supported on four parallel springs of total stiffness 750
N/m has an unbalanced rolating component which results in a disturbing force of350 N
at a.frequency of 2l2l rpm. If the damping ratio is 0.2, determine:
(i) Ampiitude of motion due to unbalance
(ii) Transmissibility
(iii)Transmiued force. (8)
 I

3(a) Determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the Nvo-storied shear frame
shown in the figure given below.. Sketch the mode shapes, and also illustrate that the
modes shapes satisfy the orthogonality conditions.
(12)

2
m1 = 1360 kg;
m2=660kg; - k,
l0'' N/m;
kr = 11.11x
kz= 19.2 x 10r N/m;
I
k,

(b) Write down the uncoupled equations ofmotion for the structure ofNo. 3 (a) above, and
determine the response of the struturtr the force vector:
(8)
1300 sin20t )

4(a) Illustrate with an example how Stodola method is carried out to determine the first
mode frequency ofa shear building. AIso explain how the first mode frequency can be
approximated after the first itemtion. (10)
(b) Derive the e4uation of motion in terms of partial diflerential equation for transverse
vibration of beam, and the boundary conditions. Write down the partial differential
equations of motion for: transverse vibration of a string, and axial vibration of a rod,
with associated boundary conditions- ( l0)
5. Write in briefthe principles and conceprs of (any four only):
(a) Base isolation (4xs)
(b) Duhamel Integral
(c) Response due to periodic loading expressed in Fourier series
I

(d) Natural frequencies and mode shapes fortransverse vibmtion ofa string
I

(e) Response ofa SDOF system subjected to support motion

(f) Mode superposition method.