CHEM

JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA
MAHE
ACADEMIC YEAR:2023-2024
To find the Determination of Contents of Tooth
Powder
NAME: EKTHA P S
CLASS: XII
ROLL NO:
SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
SUBJECT CODE: 043
PROJECT GUIDE: Mrs. VASILA C N
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that candidate EKTHA P S Has

successfully completed the project work entitled “TO
FIND THE DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS IN
TOOTH POWDER” in the subject CHEMISTRY
(043) laid in the regulations of CBSE for the purpose
of AISSCE Practical Examination 2023-2024 to be
held in JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA MAHE.
Signature of In-charge teacher:
Dr.K.O.Rathnakaran
Principal
External Examiner
Signature:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude

to my teacher Mrs. VASILA C N as well as our
principal DR. RATHNAKARAN K.O who give me the
golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on
the topic of TO FIND THE DETERMINATION OF
CONTENTS IN TOOTH POWDER. Secondly I
would also like to thank my parents and friends who
helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the
limited time frame.
AIM
To find the Determination of Contents of Tooth Powder/To test
the acid and basic radicals in the toothpowder
THEORY
Toothpowder is a powder used with hands or with a toothbrush
to clean and maintain the aesthetics and health of teeth.
Toothpowder is used to promote oral hygiene: it can aid in the
removal of dental plaque and food from the teeth, aid in the
elimination and/or masking of halitosis and deliver active
ingredients such as fluoride or xylitol to prevent tooth and gum
disease
While the exact formula of each brand of toothpaste is

proprietary, most toothpowders contain the same basic
ingredients. These include:
Fluoride: Perhaps the most important toothpowders ingredient is
fluoride. Fluoride incorporates itself into tooth enamel making
your teeth more resistant to acids produced by plaque bacteria,
as well as acids found in fruit juices, soda (both regular and diet)
and certain foods. In toothpowders, fluoride is found in the form
of sodium monofluorophosphate, stannous fluoride, or sodium
fluoride.
Abrasives: Abrasives give toothpowders its cleaning power.
They remove stains and plaque, as well as polish teeth.
Common abrasives include calcium phosphates, alumina,
calcium carbonate, and silica. Toothpowders should be abrasive
enough to remove plaque and stains, but not abrasive enough to
damage tooth enamel. Damaged tooth enamel also causes
yellowing as the thinned enamel reveals the yellowish dentin
layer below. Over the years, manufacturers have been quietly
reducing the abrasiveness of their toothpowders.
Preservatives: Preservatives prevent the growth of
microorganisms in toothpowders and eliminate the need to
refrigerate toothpowders. Common preservatives include
sodium benzoate, methyl paraben, and ethyl paraben.
Flavouring Agents: These are added to improve the taste of
toothpowders. You may have noticed that toothpowders have
very strong flavouring. This is necessary to cover up the horrid
taste of most detergents, especially SLS.
Sweeteners: Sweeteners also improve the taste of
toothpowders. Most toothpowder sweeteners are artificial and
contribute very little to cavity formation. Saccharin is a common
toothpowder sweetener
TESTS
TEST FOR ACID RADICAL:
Experiment Observation Inference
Dilute sulphuric acid test Colourless and CO32 – may be

A small amount of salt was odourless gas. Present
treated with 1-2 ml of dilute
sulphuric acid. Brisk effervescence
and evolution of
carbon
dioxide which turns
lime water milky.
[1] To the solution of the salt [1] Brisk effervescence CO3 2–

dilute HCl was added. and evolution of confirmed
[2] To the solution of the salt carbon
magnesium sulphate solution dioxide which turns
was added. lime water milky.
[2] White precipitate
was obtained.
TEST FOR ACID RADICAL:

Dilute sulphuric acid test No Observation CO32 – SO32 –
S2 – NO 2–
A small amount of salt was
are absent
treated with 1-2 ml of dilute
sulphuric acid.
Concentrated sulphuric acid No Observation Cl – Br – I –
test NO3 –
A small amount of salt was CH3COO – are
treated with 1-2 ml of absent
conc.sulphuric acid.
Salt solution + conc.HNO3 , A canary yellow ppt. PO43–

boiled. Then + Ammonium was obtained. confirmed
molybdate solution + boiled.
TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL

Test for ammonium (ZERO No Gas evolved NH4+ is absent.
GROUP)
A little of soda lime was added
to the salt on a watch glass and
rubbed with few drops of water.
To the salt solution dil. HCl was No ppt. was formed Gr-I ( Pb2+) is
added. absent.
To the filtrate of the above No ppt. was formed Gr-II ( Pb2+ ,Cu
solution H2S gas was passed. 2+, As 3+)
absent.
To the filtrate few drops of conc. No ppt. was formed
HNO3 was added and H2S gas Gr-III ( Fe3+)
was boiled off and filtered. To absent
the filtrate NH4Cl and NH4OH
were added.
To the filtrate of the above No ppt. was formed Gr-
solution H2S gas was passed. IV(Mn2+,Zn2+,N
i2+,Co2+)Radical
s absent
[1] First part + Ammonium White ppt. was Ca2+
oxalate solution obtained confirmed
RESULT:
The given Salt contains carbonate (CO32 –) & Phosphate PO43–
as anion & Calcium Ca2+as cation
CONCLUSION
Several of the ingredients in toothpastes are found by some

environmentally damaging or hazardous to the personal health.
These ingredients include:
•Artificial flavouring
• Artificial colours
• Triclosan
• Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)
• Detergents
• Fluoride
• Preservatives such as Methyl paraben and Ethyl paraben
• Pyrophosphate
Homemade tooth powders are made by mixing 3 parts baking
soda (cleanser) thoroughly with 1-part salt (the abrasive). As a
direct result of these concerns, some people have started
making their own tooth paste instead, which -while still not
completely ecologic due to the use of baking soda- still
eliminates much environmentally or health damaging
ingredients. Also, commercial toothpowders are made which
are less or even non-environmentally damaging. Such
preparations are made from herbal resins, propels and myrrh
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Wikipedia
 Comprehensive Practical Chemistry – XII
 www.icbse.com

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JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA

This is to certify that candidate EKTHA P S Has

Signature of In-charge teacher:

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude

While the exact formula of each brand of toothpaste is

Experiment Observation Inference

Dilute sulphuric acid test Colourless and CO32 – may be

[1] To the solution of the salt [1] Brisk effervescence CO3 2–

TEST FOR ACID RADICAL:

Experiment Observation Inference

Salt solution + conc.HNO3 , A canary yellow ppt. PO43–

TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL

Several of the ingredients in toothpastes are found by some

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