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    JavaScript

    Uploaded by

    ravinduashan66

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    JavaScript

    Uploaded by

    ravinduashan66
    17 views9 pages

    Original Title

    2. JavaScript

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views9 pages

    JavaScript

    Uploaded by

    ravinduashan66

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    JavaScript Syntax

    1. Understanding the JavaScript Syntax


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Example of JavaScript Statements</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    let x = 5;
    let y = 10;
    let sum = x + y;
    document.write(sum); // Prints variable value
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    2. Case Sensitivity in JavaScript


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Case Sensitivity</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    let myVar = "Hello World!";
    console.log(myVar);
    console.log(MyVar);
    console.log(myvar);
    </script>
    <p><strong>Note:</strong> Check out the browser console by pressing the f12 key on the keyboard,
    you'll see a line something like this: "Uncaught ReferenceError: MyVar is not defined".</p>
    </body>
    </html>

    3. JavaScript Comments
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Single-line Comment</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // This is my first JavaScript program
    document.write("Hello World!");
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Multi-line Comment</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    /* This is my first program
    in JavaScript */
    document.write("Hello World!");
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    JavaScript Variables
    There are three ways to declare variables in JavaScript:
    1. var,
    2. let
    3. const.

    Naming Conventions for JavaScript Variables

    These are the following rules for naming a JavaScript variable:

    • A variable name must start with a letter, underscore (_), or dollar sign ($).
    • A variable name cannot start with a number.
    • A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters (A-z, 0-9) and
    underscores.
    • A variable name cannot contain spaces.
    • A variable name cannot be a JavaScript keyword or a JavaScript reserved word.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Creating Variables in JavaScript</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Creating variables
    let name = "Peter Parker";
    let age = 21;
    let isMarried = false;

    // Printing variable values


    document.write(name + "<br>");
    document.write(age + "<br>");
    document.write(isMarried);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Declaring Variables in JavaScript</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Declaring Variable
    let userName;

    // Assigning value
    userName = "Clark Kent";

    // Printing variable values


    document.write(userName);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Declaring Constants in JavaScript</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Declaring constant
    const PI = 3.14;

    // Printing constant value


    document.write(PI); // 3.14

    // Trying to reassign
    PI = 10; // error
    </script>
    <p><strong>Note:</strong> Please check out the browser console by pressing the f12 key on the
    keyboard.</p>
    </body>
    </html>

    Declaring Multiple Variables at Once


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Declaring Multiple Variables in JavaScript</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Declaring multiple Variables
    var let = "Peter Parker", age = 21, isMarried = false;

    // Printing variable values


    document.write(name + "<br>");
    document.write(age + "<br>");
    document.write(isMarried);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    JavaScript Data Types
    1. The String Data Type
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript String Data Type</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Creating variables
    let a = 'Hi there!'; // using single quotes
    let b = "Hi there!"; // using double quotes

    // Printing variable values


    document.write(a + "<br>");
    document.write(b);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    2. The Number Data Type


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Number Data Type</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Creating variables
    let a = 25;
    let b = 80.5;
    let c = 4.25e+6;
    let d = 4.25e-6;

    // Printing variable values


    document.write(a + "<br>");
    document.write(b + "<br>");
    document.write(c + "<br>");
    document.write(d);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript NaN</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    document.write("Some text" / 2);
    document.write("<br>");
    document.write("Some text" / 2 + 10);
    document.write("<br>");
    document.write(Math.sqrt(-1));
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Infinity</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    document.write(16 / 0);
    document.write("<br>");
    document.write(-16 / 0);
    document.write("<br>");
    document.write(16 / -0);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    3. The Boolean Data Type


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Boolean Data Type</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Creating variables
    let isReading = true; // yes, I'm reading
    let isSleeping = false; // no, I'm not sleeping

    // Printing variable values


    document.write(isReading + "<br>");
    document.write(isSleeping);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Comparisons</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    let a = 2, b = 5, c = 10;

    document.write(b > a) // Output: true


    document.write("<br>");
    document.write(b > c) // Output: false
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    4. The Undefined Data Type


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Undefined Data Type</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Creating variables
    let a;
    let b = "Hello World!"

    // Printing variable values


    document.write(a + "<br>");
    document.write(b);
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    5. The Null Data Type


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript Null Data Type</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    let a = null;
    document.write(a + "<br>"); // Print: null

    let b = "Hello World!"


    document.write(b + "<br>"); // Print: Hello World!

    b = null;
    document.write(b) // Print: null
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    6. The typeof Operator


    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>JavaScript typeof Operator</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <script>
    // Numbers
    document.write(typeof 15 + "<br>"); // Prints: "number"
    document.write(typeof 42.7 + "<br>"); // Prints: "number"
    document.write(typeof 2.5e-4 + "<br>"); // Prints: "number"
    document.write(typeof Infinity + "<br>"); // Prints: "number"
    document.write(typeof NaN + "<br>"); // Prints: "number". Despite being "Not-A-Number"

    // Strings
    document.write(typeof '' + "<br>"); // Prints: "string"
    document.write(typeof 'hello' + "<br>"); // Prints: "string"
    document.write(typeof '12' + "<br>"); // Prints: "string". Number within quotes is
    document.write(typeof string
    // Booleans
    document.write(typeof true + "<br>"); // Prints: "boolean"
    document.write(typeof false + "<br>"); // Prints: "boolean"

    // Undefined
    document.write(typeof undefined + "<br>"); // Prints: "undefined"
    document.write(typeof undeclaredVariable + "<br>"); // Prints: "undefined"

    // Null
    document.write(typeof Null + "<br>"); // Prints: "object"

    // Objects
    document.write(typeof {name: "John", age: 18} + "<br>"); // Prints: "object"

    // Arrays
    document.write(typeof [1, 2, 4] + "<br>"); // Prints: "object"

    // Functions
    document.write(typeof function(){}); // Prints: "function"
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

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