Project report

On

IT SKILLS LAB 1

For the partial fulfilment of the degree of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINIDTRATION
Affiliated to : Dr. A.P.J Abdul kalam Technical
University
Lucknow

(SESSION:2022-2024)

SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:-

Mr. Vipul Singh Roll No: 2203800700033

Assistant professor MBA – 1ST Sem.

Batch: 2022-2024

MODINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , MODINAGAR

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 CONTENTS

1. Introduction 6

2. Objective of the Study 8

3. Hardware 10

4. Input Device 12

5. Output Device 16

6. Window and user interface 21

7. Word processor 24

8. Working of word processor 26

9. Spread sheet 29

10. Presentation 32

11. Conclusion 34

12. Bibliographie 36

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 DECLARATION

I Neha Tyagi hereby declare that project entitled “ IT SKILL LAB 1 ” is a record of original work

done by me. The findings and conclusions of this project report are based on my study and

experience, and are conducted under the guidance of MR. Vipul Singh.

I also declare that this project is result of my effort and the report is submitted in partial fulfilment

of the requirements of MBA program Modinar institute of technology, Modignar and it is not being

submitted to any other institution for award of a degree or any personal favor. All details stated

above, and analysis provided in the report are and hold the best of my knowledge and belief.

Neha Tyagi

(MBA-Ist SEM.)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to thank Dr. Vipul Singh for giving me the opportunity to work for this project

and I would like to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Vipul Singh who helped, inspired and mentored

me and without their help this project report would not have taken its current shape. Under their

brilliant untiring guidance, I could complete the project being undertaken on the “IT SKILL LAB 1”

successfully in time. Their meticulous attention and invaluable suggestions have helped me in

simplifying the problem involved in the work. I would also like to thank the overwhelming support of

all the people who gave me an opportunity to learn and gain knowledge about the various aspects of

the industry.

I once again express my heartfelt in debtness to all-aforesaid. Any omission or error in

acknowledgment is inadvertent. For such oversights and lapses, I tender unconditional apology.

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INTRODUCTION

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 INTRODUCTION
A computer is an electronic device that can store, process, and retrieve data. It is a powerful
tool that has revolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. Computers come in
various shapes and sizes, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
Here are some of the key components of a typical computer system:

 Central Processing Unit (CPU): This is the "brain" of the computer and is responsible
for processing data.

 Memory (RAM): This is the computer's short-term memory and is used to store data
and programs that are currently in use.

 Storage: This refers to the long-term storage of data and programs on the computer,
which can be either in the form of a hard disk drive or solid-state drive.

 Input devices: These are devices used to input data into the computer, such as a
keyboard, mouse, or touchscreen.

 Output devices: These are devices used to display or output data from the computer,
such as a monitor, printer, or speakers.

 Operating System: This is the software that manages the computer's hardware and
software resources and provides an interface for users to interact with the
computer.

Computers are used in various industries for a wide range of purposes, including
communication, education, entertainment, business, healthcare, and science. With the
advent of the internet, computers have become even more essential, enabling people to
connect with each other from around the world, access vast amounts of information, and
engage in e-commerce and online services.

Overall, computers have had a profound impact on society, changing the way we live and
work in countless ways

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OBJECTIVE OF
THE STUDY

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 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this report on basics of computer can vary depending on the specific scope
and focus of the project, but some general objectives could include:

 To provide an overview of the basic components and functionalities of a computer

system.

 To explain the purpose and functions of different hardware and software

components such as CPU, memory, input/output devices, operating system, and
applications.\

 To describe the basic principles of computer networks, including different types of

networks and network topologies.

 To discuss the history of computers and their impact on society and culture.

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HARDWARE

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 HARDWARE
Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that can be seen and
touched. These components work together to process, store, and communicate
information. Some of the most common hardware components found in a computer system
are:

Central Processing Unit (CPU): This is the "brain" of the computer, responsible for executing
instructions and performing calculations. It is the primary component that determines the
speed and performance of the computer.

Random Access Memory (RAM): RAM is a type of volatile memory that provides temporary
storage for data and program instructions that are currently in use by the CPU. It is a fast-
access storage that allows the CPU to quickly access and manipulate data.

Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD): These are the primary storage devices used
to store data on a computer. An HDD uses rotating disks to store data, while an SSD uses
flash memory chips. SSDs are generally faster and more reliable than HDDs, but they tend to
be more expensive.

Motherboard: The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects all the hardware
components of the computer. It contains slots for expansion cards, such as video cards, and
connectors for peripherals, such as keyboards, mice, and printers.

Power Supply Unit (PSU): The PSU is responsible for providing power to all the hardware
components of the computer. It converts the AC power from the wall outlet into DC power
that can be used by the computer.

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): A GPU is a specialized processor that is designed to handle
graphics-related tasks, such as rendering images and videos. It is commonly used in gaming
and other graphics-intensive applications.

Optical Drive: An optical drive is a device that reads and writes data to optical disks, such as
CDs and DVDs.

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Input Devices: These are the devices used to enter data into the computer, such as
keyboards, mice, and touchpads.

Output Devices: These are the devices used to display or output data from the computer,
such as monitors, printers, and speakers.

Networking Devices: These are the devices used to connect the computer to a network,
such as Ethernet cards, routers, and modems.

There are many other hardware components that can be found in a computer system, such
as sound cards, cooling systems, and expansion cards. The specification was hardware
components in a computer system can vary depending on the intended use and budget of
the user

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 INPUT DEVICE

Keyboard
Keyboard is the most common and very popular input device which helps to input data to
the computer. The layout of the keyboard is like that of traditional typewriter, although
there are some additional keys provided for performing additional functions.

Keyboards are of two sizes 84 keys or 101/102 keys, but now keyboards with 104 keys or
108 keys are also available for Windows and Internet.

Mouse
Mouse is the most popular pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-control device having
a small palm size box with a round ball at its base, which senses the movement of the
mouse and sends corresponding signals to the CPU when the mouse buttons are pressed.
Generally, it has two buttons called the left and the right button and a wheel is present
between the buttons. A mouse can be used to control the position of the cursor on the
screen, but it cannot be used to enter text into the computer.

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Joystick
Joystick is also a pointing device, which is used to move the cursor position on a monitor
screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower and upper ends. The lower
spherical ball moves in a socket. The joystick can be moved in all four directions.

The function of the joystick is similar to that of a mouse. It is mainly used in Computer Aided
Designing (CAD) and playing computer games.

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Light Pen

Light pen is a pointing device similar to a pen. It is used to select a displayed menu item or
draw pictures on the monitor screen. It consists of a photocell and an optical system placed
in a small tube.

When the tip of a light pen is moved over the monitor screen and the pen button is pressed,
its photocell sensing element detects the screen location and sends the corresponding
signal to the CPU.

Track Ball

Track ball is an input device that is mostly used in notebook or laptop computer, instead of a
mouse. This is a ball which is half inserted and by moving fingers on the ball, the pointer can
be moved.

Since the whole device is not moved, a track ball requires less space than a mouse. A track
ball comes in various shapes like a ball, a button, or a square.

Scanner
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Scanner is an input device, which works more like a photocopy machine. It is used when
some information is available on paper and it is to be transferred to the hard disk of the
computer for further manipulation.

Scanner captures images from the source which are then converted into a digital form that
can be stored on the disk. These images can be edited before they are printed.

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 OUTPUT DEVICE

1.Monitors

 The device which displays all the icons, text, images, etc. over a screen is called the
Monitor
 When we ask the computer to perform an action, the result of that action is
displayed on the monitor
 Various types of monitors have also been developed over the years

2. Printer

 A device which makes a copy of the pictorial or textual content, usually over a paper
is called a printer

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For example, an author types the entire book on his/her computer and later gets a print out
of it, which is in the form of paper and is later published
Multiple types of printers are also available in the market, which can serve different
purposes

3. Speakers

 A device through which we can listen to a sound as an outcome of what we

command a computer to do is called a speaker
 Speakers are attached with a computer system and also are a hardware device which
can be attached separately
 With the advancement in technology, speakers are now available which are wireless
and can be connected using BlueTooth or other applications

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4. Projector

 An optical device which presents an image or moving images onto a projection

screen is called a projector
 Most commonly these projectors are used in auditoriums and movie theatres for the
display of the videos or lighting
 If a projector is connected to a computer, then the image/video displayed on the
screen is the same as the one displayed on the computer screen

5. Headphones

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 They perform the same function as a speaker, the only difference is the frequency of
sound
 Using speakers, the sound can be heard over a larger area and using headphones,
the sound is only audible to the person using them
 Also known as earphones or headset

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WINDOWS AND
USER INTERFACE

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 WINDOWS AND USER INTERFACE

The Windows user interface has evolved over the years, from the early days of Windows
1.0, released in 1985, to the latest version of Windows 11. The user interface has become
more intuitive and user-friendly over time, with the introduction of features such as the
Start menu, taskbar, and Control Panel.

The Start menu is a central hub for accessing applications, files, and settings. It provides a
quick and easy way to launch programs, search for files and folders, and access system
settings. The taskbar is located at the bottom of the screen and provides quick access to
commonly used programs and settings. It also displays open windows and allows users to
switch between them.

Windows also includes a range of other features that make it easier to interact with the
operating system and the applications running on it. These include keyboard shortcuts,
mouse gestures, and voice commands. For example, pressing the Windows key on the
keyboard opens the Start menu, and pressing Alt+Tab switches between open windows.

In addition to the standard desktop interface, Windows also includes a range of other
interfaces designed for specific purposes. These include the Windows Explorer interface,
which is used for file management, and the Control Panel, which provides access to system
settings and configuration options.

Overall, the Windows user interface is designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, with a
range of features and tools that make it easy to navigate and interact with the operating
system and the applications running on it.

 Resource Management: The operating system manages the hardware resources of

the computer system, such as the CPU, memory, and storage devices, and allocates
them to different software applications based on their requirements. It also manages
input/output (I/O) devices such as printers, keyboards, and mice.
 Process Management: The operating system manages the execution of software
programs, known as processes. It creates, schedules, and terminates processes and
ensures that they run efficiently and without interfering with each other.
 Memory Management: The operating system manages the allocation and
deallocation of memory to different software applications. It also ensures that

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 memory is used efficiently and that programs do not interfere with each other's
memory usage.
 Security Management: The operating system provides a range of security features to
protect the system from unauthorized access and malicious software. It includes
features such as user authentication, access control, and virus protection
 File Management: The operating system manages the storage and retrieval of files
on the computer system. It creates, deletes, copies, and moves files and provides
access control to ensure that users can only access files that they are authorized to
access.
 User Interface: The operating system provides a user interface (UI) that allows users
to interact with the computer system. The UI may be a command-line interface, a
graphical user interface (GUI), or a combination of both.

Overall, the operating system functions as a bridge between the computer hardware
and the software applications that run on it. It manages the computer's resources,
ensures that programs run efficiently, and provides a range of features to protect the
system and allow users to interact with it.

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 WORD
PROCESSOR

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 WORD PROCESSOR

A word processor is a software application that allows users to create, edit, and
format documents. These documents can range from basic text documents to
complex reports, presentations, and even books. Some of the most popular word
processor software available today include Microsoft Word, Google Docs, Apple
Pages, LibreOffice Writer, and Apache OpenOffice Writer.

Here are some of the features that are typically included in word processor software:

Text editing: Users can type and edit text, and perform operations like copy, paste,
cut, undo, and redo.

Formatting: Users can format text in various ways such as changing font, size, color,
bold, italics, underline, and alignment.

Spell check and grammar: Word processors often include tools to check for spelling
and grammar errors and suggest corrections.

Page layout: Users can adjust margins, paper size, and orientation, as well as add
page numbers, headers, footers, and footnotes.

Tables and charts: Users can create and format tables and charts to present data in a
structured format.

Images and multimedia: Word processors allow users to insert and format images,
videos, and audio files.

Collaboration: Word processors often include collaboration features, allowing

multiple users to edit a document simultaneously and track changes made by
different users.

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Templates: Many word processors come with pre-designed templates for different
types of documents, such as resumes, letters, and newsletters.

Export and import: Word processors allow users to export documents in various
formats, such as PDF or HTML, and import documents from other programs or file
types.

Overall, word processor software is a powerful tool for creating, editing, and
formatting documents, and it is widely used in various industries for its ease of use
and flexibilibilty.

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 WORKING OF WORD PROCESSOR

A word processor is a computer program designed for creating, editing, formatting,

and printing documents. Here are the basic steps involved in the working of a word
processor:

Opening the software: You start by opening the word processing software on your
computer. There are many different word processing programs available, such as
Microsoft Word, Google Docs, and Apple Pages.

Creating a new document: Once the software is open, you can create a new
document by selecting the "New Document" option from the file menu or by clicking
on the "New Document" icon. This will open a blank page where you can start typing
your content.

Entering text: You can start typing your text using your computer keyboard. You can
also copy and paste text from other sources, such as a web page or another
document.

Formatting text: You can format your text using various formatting options, such as
changing the font, font size, and color, adding bold or italic styles, and adjusting the
line spacing. These options are usually available in a toolbar at the top of the screen
or in the formatting menu.

Adding images and other media: You can add images, graphs, charts, and other
media to your document by inserting them from your computer or from an online
source.

Saving the document: Once you have created your document, you need to save it.
You can save your document by selecting the "Save" option from the file menu or by
clicking on the "Save" icon. You can also choose to save your document in different
file formats, such as .doc, .pdf, or .txt.

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Printing the document: Finally, you can print your document by selecting the "Print"
option from the file menu or by clicking on the "Print" icon. You can also preview the
document before printing to make sure it looks the way you want it to.

These are the basic steps involved in the working of a word processor. Word
processors offer many more features, such as spell check, grammar check, and the
ability to collaborate with others on a document.

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SPREAD SHEET

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 SPREAD SHEET

Spreadsheet software is a computer application used to create, manage and analyze

data in a tabular format. The data is arranged in rows and columns, with each
intersection of a row and a column forming a cell. The most popular spreadsheet
software today include Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets, Apple Numbers, and
LibreOffice Calc.

Here are some of the features that are typically included in spreadsheet software:

Data entry: Users can enter data in cells using keyboard, mouse or by copying and
pasting from other sources.

Formatting: Users can format cells and text, including changing font, size, color,
alignment, and adding borders.

Mathematical functions: Spreadsheet software provides a wide range of

mathematical functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
statistical functions like average, median, mode, and standard deviation.

Formulas: Users can create formulas by combining mathematical functions with data
entered in cells. Formulas can be used to perform complex calculations, analyze
data, and make decisions.

Charts and graphs: Users can create charts and graphs to visually represent data and
analyze trends.

Sorting and filtering: Users can sort data in ascending or descending order, and filter
data based on specific criteria.

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Collaboration: Spreadsheet software allows multiple users to work on the same
spreadsheet simultaneously and track changes made by different users.

Import and export: Spreadsheet software allows users to import data from various
sources such as CSV, text files or databases, and export data in various formats such
as PDF, HTML, or CSV.

Macros and automation: Users can automate tasks and create macros to perform
repetitive tasks or to streamline complex processes.

Overall, spreadsheet software is a powerful tool for managing, analyzing and

presenting data, and it is widely used in various industries such as finance,
accounting, and data analysis.

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 WORKING OF SPREADSHEET
A spreadsheet is a computer program designed for organizing, analyzing, and presenting
data in tabular form. Here are the basic steps involved in the working of a spreadsheet:

Opening the software: You start by opening the spreadsheet software on your computer.
There are many different spreadsheet programs available, such as Microsoft Excel, Google
Sheets, and Apple Numbers.

Creating a new spreadsheet: Once the software is open, you can create a new spreadsheet
by selecting the "New Spreadsheet" option from the file menu or by clicking on the "New
Spreadsheet" icon. This will open a blank spreadsheet where you can start entering your
data.
Entering data: You can start entering your data into the cells of the spreadsheet. Cells are
the individual boxes that make up the rows and columns of the spreadsheet. You can enter
text, numbers, dates, and other types of data into the cells.
Formatting data: You can format your data using various formatting options, such as
changing the font, font size, and color, adding borders and shading, and adjusting the
alignment. These options are usually available in a toolbar at the top of the screen or in the
formatting menu.
Creating formulas: You can use formulas to perform calculations on your data. Formulas are
entered into the cells and use the values in other cells to calculate a result. For example, you
can use a formula to calculate the sum of a column of numbers, or to calculate the average
of a range of cells.
Creating charts and graphs: You can use charts and graphs to visualize your data. Charts and
graphs are created by selecting the data you want to include and then choosing the chart or
graph type you want to use. You can then customize the chart or graph by adjusting the
colors, labels, and other options.
Saving the spreadsheet: Once you have entered your data and created your formulas,
charts, and graphs, you need to save your spreadsheet. You can save your spreadsheet by
selecting the "Save" option from the file menu or by clicking on the "Save" icon. You can also
choose to save your spreadsheet in different file formats, such as .xlsx, .csv, or .pdf.
These are the basic steps involved in the working of a spreadsheet. Spreadsheets offer many
more features, such as conditional formatting, data validation, and pivot tables, which allow
you to analyze and manipulate your data in a variety of ways.

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 PRESENTATION
Presentation software is a computer application used to create and deliver visual
presentations in a digital format. These presentations can include text, images, videos, and
other multimedia elements. The most popular presentation software today include
Microsoft PowerPoint, Google Slides, Apple Keynote, and LibreOffice Impress.

Here are some of the features that are typically included in presentation software:
Slide creation: Users can create and edit slides, add text and multimedia elements, and
organize slides into a sequence.
Formatting: Users can format text, images, and other multimedia elements, including
changing font, size, color, alignment, and adding borders.
Transitions and animations: Presentation software provides a range of transitions and
animations to add visual interest and engagement to the presentation.

Collaboration: Users can collaborate with others to edit and review the presentation
simultaneously.

Presenter tools: Presentation software includes presenter tools such as presenter notes, a
timer, and a virtual laser pointer to assist with delivering the presentation.

Themes and templates: Users can choose from a range of pre-designed themes and
templates to create a professional-looking presentation quickly.

Import and export: Presentation software allows users to import content from various
sources such as images, videos, and other presentations, and export the presentation in
various formats such as PDF, HTML, or video.

Interactivity: Advanced presentation software provides interactive features such as

hyperlinks, buttons, and quizzes to engage the audience and create an immersive
experience.

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Overall, presentation software is a powerful tool for creating and delivering visually
engaging presentations. It is widely used in various industries such as education, marketing,
and business for its ability to convey complex ideas in an easy-to-understand format.

CONCLUSION

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 CONCLUSION

The conclusion of a minor project report on basic computer skills and IT skills would depend
on the specific focus and research conducted for the project. However, in general, the
following points could be considered:

Basic computer skills are essential for anyone who wants to participate in today's digital
society. These skills include the ability to use a computer, navigate the internet, and use
basic software such as word processors and spreadsheets.

IT skills go beyond basic computer skills and involve a deeper understanding of how
technology works, how to troubleshoot problems, and how to develop software or other
digital products.

Developing basic computer skills and IT skills can have significant benefits for individuals,
including improved employability and increased productivity.

Educational institutions and training programs can play a crucial role in providing individuals
with the necessary skills to succeed in today's digital world.

Continuous learning and upskilling are essential for keeping up with the rapidly evolving
technology landscape.

Overall, the conclusion of a minor project report on basic computer skills and IT skills should
emphasize the importance of these skills in today's society and the need for individuals to
invest in their education and training to stay competitive in the workforce.

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BIBILIOGRAPHY

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 BIBILIOGRAPHY

https://www.toppr.com/guides/computer-aptitude-and-knowledge/basics-of-computers/history-of-
computers/#:~:text=Early%20History%20of%20Computer,-Since%20the%20evolution&text=One
%20of%20the%20earliest%20and,was%20a%20general%2Dpurpose%20computer.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals/computer_input_devices.htm

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/develop/user-interface?tabs=winui-3

https://www.google.com/sheets/about/

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