SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

An Internship Report

On
“The Comphrensive Analysis and Design
Using STAAD Pro”

Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for

INTERNSHIP REPORT (B20ED0802)

 SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the Internship work entitled “The Comphrensive Analysis and Design
Using STAAD Pro ’’ carried out at PWD Office, KR Circle , Banglore, for the
period of 26/07/2023 to 25/08/2023 byDayananda Doni (R20ED122), a bonafide
student of REVA University during the academic year 2023-24, has submitted the
Internship report in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Technology in Civil
Engineering. The internship report has been approved as it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of the Internship work prescribed for the said degree.

Signature of Class Teacher/Mentor with date Signature of year coordinator with

date

Dr. B Bhavana
Director

External Viva Voce

Name of the Examiner with affiliation Signature with date

1.

2.
INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE
FROM ORGANIZATION
 ABSTRACT

This abstract encapsulates the experiences and insights gained during an internship in
structural engineering within the Public Works Department (PWD). Throughout the
internship, the focus was on acquiring knowledge and practical skills in the analysis and
design of various structural elements, including beams, columns, slabs, footings, and
staircases.

The internship provided a hands-on learning experience, allowing for the application of
theoretical concepts to real-world projects within the PWD. Using industry-standard software
such as STAAD Pro, interns delved into the intricacies of structural analysis and design,
gaining proficiency in optimizing designs for stability, safety, and efficiency.

Through mentorship and project collaboration, interns were exposed to diverse challenges
and scenarios commonly encountered in structural engineering practice. This facilitated a
holistic understanding of structural behavior and the factors influencing design decisions
within the context of public infrastructure projects.

The internship not only fostered technical skills but also cultivated professional growth,
emphasizing effective communication, teamwork, and adaptability in a dynamic work
environment. The culmination of the internship experience is reflected in this report, which
serves as a testament to the knowledge acquired, challenges overcome, and contributions
made to the field of structural engineering within the PWD.
 Table of Contents

1. PWD [Public welfare department]

2. SOFTWARE-“STAAD PRO”.
3. Acknowledgement
4. Outline of the internship.
5. References
 INTRODUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATION.PWD
[PUBLIC WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF STRUCTURAL
ENGINEERING]

The Public Works Department (PWD) plays a pivotal role in the planning, development, and
maintenance of public infrastructure, encompassing a wide range of civil engineering
projects. Within the realm of structural engin

eering, the PWD is entrusted with ensuring the structural integrity and safety of public
buildings, bridges, roads, and other critical infrastructure assets.

The PWD's structural engineering division is tasked with the analysis, design, and supervision
of structural elements essential for the functionality and longevity of public structures. This
division operates at the intersection of engineering expertise, regulatory compliance, and
public safety, with a mandate to uphold rigorous standards and best practices in structural
design and construction.

In the context of an internship within the PWD's structural engineering division, interns are
exposed to a rich learning environment where they engage in hands-on projects and
collaborate with seasoned professionals. This introduction provides an overview of the
internship program's objectives, the scope of work involved, and the overarching goal of
fostering practical skills and knowledge acquisition in structural engineering principles.

Throughout the internship, interns have the opportunity to delve into various facets of
structural analysis and design, gaining insights into the complexities of real-world
engineering projects. By working on projects ranging from residential buildings to public
infrastructure, interns contribute to the department's mission of delivering safe, resilient, and
sustainable structures that serve the needs of the community.

This introduction sets the stage for exploring the internship experience within the PWD's
structural engineering division, highlighting the importance of hands-on learning,
mentorship, and professional development in preparing future engineers for the challenges
and opportunities within the field of civil engineering.
 Beams:
Report Format:

1. Problem Statement:Define the span, support conditions, and loads acting on the beam.
2. Analysis:
• Calculate reactions at supports using equilibrium equations.
• Determine internal forces (bending moment and shear force) along the length of the
beam.
3. Design:
• Determine the required section modulus based on the maximum bending moment.
• Select a suitable beam section from standard tables or databases.
• Check for shear capacity and deflection limits.
4. Detailing:
• Prepare detailed drawings showing beam dimensions, reinforcement layout (if
applicable), and any other necessary details.

STAAD Pro Example: Consider a simply supported beam with a span of 6 meters subjected
to a uniformly distributed load (UDL) of 10 kN/m.

1. Problem Statement:
• Span length (L) = 6 meters
• UDL = 10 kN/m
2. Analysis:
• Reactions at supports:
• 𝑅𝐴=𝑅𝐵=𝑈𝐷𝐿×𝐿2=10×62=30 kNRA=RB=2UDL×L=210×6=30kN
• Internal forces:
• Bending moment at mid-span: 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑈𝐷𝐿×𝐿28=10×628=45 kNmMmax
=8UDL×L2=810×62=45kNm
• Shear force at supports: 𝑉=𝑈𝐷𝐿×𝐿2=10×62=30 kNV=2UDL×L=210×6
=30kN
3. Design:
• Required section modulus: 𝑆𝑟𝑒𝑞=𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤Sreq=σallowMmax
• Select a suitable beam section with a section modulus greater than 𝑆𝑟𝑒𝑞Sreq.

4. Detailing:
 • Prepare detailed drawings showing beam dimensions, reinforcement layout (if
applicable), and any other necessary details.

Columns:
Report Format:

1. Problem Statement: Define the column height, support conditions, and loads acting on the
column.
2. Analysis:
• Determine axial loads and moments transferred to the column.
• Analyze the column for stability against buckling using appropriate methods.
3. Design:
• Select a suitable column section based on axial load and moment capacity.
• Check for slenderness ratio and stability.
• Design reinforcement (if applicable) for axial and bending loads.
4. Detailing:
• Provide detailed drawings showing column dimensions, reinforcement layout, and any
additional reinforcement required for lateral loads.

STAAD Pro Example: Consider a column supporting a roof with a height of 4 meters and
subjected to an axial load of 50 kN and a moment of 10 kNm.

1. Problem Statement:
• Column height (H) = 4 meters
• Axial load (P) = 50 kN
• Moment (M) = 10 kNm
2. Analysis:
• Determine effective length for buckling analysis.
• Calculate critical buckling load using appropriate buckling equations.
3. Design:
• Select a suitable column section based on axial load and moment capacity.
• Check for slenderness ratio and stability.
• Design reinforcement (if applicable) for axial and bending loads.
 4 .Detailing:
• Provide detailed drawings showing column dimensions, reinforcement layout, and any
additional reinforcement required for lateral loads.

Slabs:

Report Format:

1. Problem Statement: Define the slab dimensions, support conditions, and loads acting

on the slab.

2. Analysis:

• Determine loads and analyze for flexure, shear, and deflection using

appropriate methods.
3. Design:

• Select slab thickness and reinforcement layout.

• Design reinforcement for flexural strength, shear resistance, and deflection

control.

4. Detailing:

• Prepare detailed drawings showing slab layout and reinforcement

arrangement.

STAAD Pro Example: Consider a simply supported concrete slab with dimensions of

4m x 6m subjected to dead load (DL) of 15 kN/m² and live load (LL) of 10 kN/m².

1. Problem Statement:

• Slab dimensions: Length (L) = 6m, Width (W) = 4m

• Loads: Dead Load (DL) = 15 kN/m², Live Load (LL) = 10 kN/m²

2. Analysis:

• Calculate total distributed load: 𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙=𝐷𝐿+𝐿𝐿Wtotal=DL+LL

• Determine moments, shears, and deflections using appropriate slab analysis

methods.

3. Design:
 • Select slab thickness based on bending and deflection criteria.

• Design reinforcement for flexural strength and shear resistance.

• Check for deflection limits.

4. Detailing:

• Prepare detailed drawings showing slab layout, reinforcement arrangement,

and any additional details.

Footings:
Report Format:

1. Problem Statement: Define the footing dimensions, support conditions, and loads

acting on the footing.

2. Analysis:

• Determine loads and calculate soil bearing capacity.

3. Design:

• Select suitable footing type and size.

• Design reinforcement (if applicable) based on applied loads and soil bearing
capacity.

4. Detailing:

• Provide detailed drawings showing footing dimensions and reinforcement

layout.

STAAD Pro Example: Consider a square footing with dimensions of 2m x 2m

supporting a column with a load of 100 kN.

1. Problem Statement:

• Footing dimensions: Length (L) = Width (W) = 2m

• Column load: 100 kN

2. Analysis:

• Calculate soil bearing capacity based on soil type and conditions.

• Determine total load and distribute it to the footing.

3. Design:

• Select suitable footing type (e.g., spread footing, mat foundation) based on soil

bearing capacity and load distribution.

• Size the footing dimensions to ensure proper load distribution and stability.

• Design reinforcement (if applicable) based on applied loads and footing

dimensions.

4. Detailing:

• Prepare detailed drawings showing footing dimensions, reinforcement layout,

and any additional details.

Staircases:

Report Format:

1. Problem Statement: Define the stair geometry, support conditions, and loads acting

on the staircase.

2. Analysis:

• Determine stair loads and analyze for stability and structural integrity.

3. Design:

• Select suitable stair configuration and size structural components considering

loads and safety factors.

4. Detailing:

• Prepare detailed drawings showing stair layout and component dimensions.

STAAD Pro Example: Consider a staircase with a total rise of 3 meters and a total run

of 5 meters, supported at both ends.

1. Problem Statement:

• Total rise: 3 meters

• Total run: 5 meters

2. Analysis:
 • Calculate individual riser height and tread depth based on ergonomic

guidelines.
• Determine loads acting on the staircase (e.g., dead load, live load).

3. Design:

• Select suitable stair configuration (e.g., straight flight, L-shaped, spiral).

• Size structural components (stringers, treads, and risers) considering loads and
safety factors.

• Design handrails and guardrails as per applicable codes and standards.

4. Detailing:

• Prepare detailed drawings showing stair layout, riser height, tread depth, and
handrail/guardrail dim

Acknowledgement

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Public Works Department (PWD) for
providing me with the opportunity to complete my internship in structural engineering. This
invaluable experience has significantly contributed to my professional development and
enhanced my understanding of structural analysis and design.

I am grateful to The Supervisor , my supervisor, for their guidance,

support, and mentorship throughout the internship period. Their expertise, patience, and
willingness to share knowledge have been instrumental in shaping my skills and capabilities
in structural engineering.

I would also like to extend my appreciation to the entire team at the PWD for their warm
welcome, cooperation, and collaborative spirit during my time with the department. The
diverse range of projects I was exposed to has broadened my perspective and enriched my
learning experience.
Furthermore, I am thankful to REVA UNIVERSITY, where I am pursuing my academic
studies, for facilitating this internship opportunity and for their continuous support in my
educational journey.

CONCLUSION

My internship at PWD provided me with valuable insights into the importance of

collaboration and teamwork in the field of engineering. Working alongside

experienced professionals and collaborating with multidisciplinary teams exposed

me to diverse perspectives and approaches, fostering a culture of innovation and

problem-solving. I am grateful for the guidance and support I received from my

mentors and colleagues, who generously shared their expertise and insights

throughout my internship journey.

As I reflect on my internship experience, I am confident that the knowledge and skills

acquired will serve as a solid foundation for my future endeavors in the field of

structural engineering. The hands-on experience gained at PWD has not only

deepened my passion for structural engineering but has also equipped me with the

confidence and competence to tackle complex engineering challenges with creativity

and diligence.