Mathematics & Statistics

Academic Year: 2015-2016 Marks: 80

Date & Time: 26th February 2016, 11:00 am
Duration: 3h

Question 1: [12]

Question 1: Select and write the most appropriate answer from the given alternatives
in each of the following sub-questions [6]

Question 1.1.1: The negation of p ∧ (q → r) is ______________. [2]

p ∨ (~q ∨ r)
~p ∧ (q → r)
~p ∧ (~q → ~r)
~p ∨ (q ∧ ~r)
Solution: ~ [P ∧ (q → r)
=~[( P)] ∨ [~ (q → r)] ...(By De Morgan's law)
=~[( P)] ∨ [~ (~q ∨ r )] ...(By Conditional Law)
=~[( P)] ∨ [( q ∧ ~r )] ...(By De Morgan's law)
~ [P ∧ ( q → r )] = ~ P ∨ ( q ∧ ~r )
Question 1.1.2: [2]

Solution: (c)
 Question 1.1.3: The joint equation of the pair of lines passing through (2,3) and parallel
to the coordinate axes is [2]
1. xy -3x - 2y + 6 = 0
2. xy +3x + 2y + 6 = 0
3. xy = 0
4. xy - 3x - 2y - 6 = 0
Solution: (a)
Equation of the coordinate axes are x = 0 and y = 0.
The equations of the lines passing through (2, 3) and parallel to coordinate axes are,
x = 2 and y = 3.
i.e. x - 2 = 0 and y - 3 = 0
The joint equation is given as
(x-2)(y-3)=0
xy-3x-2y+6=0
Question 1.2: Attempt any 3 of the following [6]

Question 1.2.1: [2]

Solution:
Question 1.2.2: Find the vector equation of the plane passing through a point having
position vector and perpendicular to the vector [2]

Solution: We know that the vector equation of a plane passing through a point
Question 1.2.3: If are position vector (P.V.) of points P
and Q, find the position vector of the point R which divides segment PQ internally in the
ratio 2:1 [2]

Solution 1: R is the point which divides the line segment joining the points PQ internally
in the ratio 2:1.

Solution 2:

Position vector of point R in

Question 1.2.4: Find k, if one of the lines given by 6x2 + kxy + y2 = 0 is 2x + y = 0 [2]
Solution: Let m1 be the slope of 2x + y = 0.
∴ m1=-2

Question 1.2.5: [2]

Solution: Given equations of the line are:

Question 2: [14]

Question 2.1 | Attempt any TWO of the following [6]

Question 2.1.1: Examine whether the following logical statement pattern is a tautology,
contradiction, or contingency. [5]
[(p → q) ∧ q] → p
Solution: Consider the statement pattern: [ ( p → q ) ∧ q ] → p
No. of rows = 2n = 2 × 2 = 4
No. of column = m + n = 3 + 2 = 5

Thus the truth table of the given logical statement :

[(p → q) ∧ q] → p
p q p→q (p → q) ∧ q [(p → q) ∧ q] → p
T T T T T
T F F F T
F T T T F
F F T F T

From the above truth table we can say that given logical statement: [(p → q) ∧ q] → p is
contingency.
Question 2.1.2: By vector method prove that the medians of a triangle are concurrent.
[3]

Solution:

Let A, B and C be the vertices of a triangle.

Let D, E and F be the midpoints of the sides BC, AC and AB respectively.

If G is the point whose position vector is , then from the above equation it is clear
that the point G lies on the medians AD, BE, CF
and it divides each of the medians AD, BE, CF internally in the ratio 2:1. Therefore, three
medians are concurrent.
Question 2.1.3: Find the shortest distance between the lines [3]
Solution: Equation of lines are,

Question 2.2 | Attempt any TWO of the following : [8]

Question 2.2.1: [4]

Solution:
Question 2.2.2: [4]

Solution: Consider equations obtained by converting all in equations representing the

constraints.

From the graph we can see that ABC is the feasible region.
Take any one point on the feasible region say P (2, 3) .
Draw initial is cost line z passing through the point (2, 3) .
∴z1=4(2)+5(3)=8+15=23

Since the objective function is of minimization type, from the graph we can see that the
line z3 contains only one point A(3, 1) of the feasible region ABC.
Minimum value of z = 4(3)+ 5(1)= 12 + 5 =17
z is minimum when x = 3 and y = 1.
Question 2.2.3: The cost of 4 dozen pencils, 3 dozen pens and 2 dozen erasers is Rs.
60. The cost of 2 dozen pencils, 4 dozen pens and 6 dozen erasers is Rs. 90 whereas
the cost of 6 dozen pencils, 2 dozen pens and 3 dozen erasers is Rs. 70. Find the cost of
each item per dozen by using matrices. [4]

Solution: Let Rs.’x’, Rs.’y’ and Rs.’z’ be the cost of one dozen pencils, one dozen pens
and one dozen erasers.
Thus, the system of equations are:
∴ Cost of one dozen pencils, one dozen pens and one dozen erasers is Rs. 5, Rs. 8 and
Rs. 8 respectively.
Question 3: [14]

Question 3.1 | Attempt any TWO of the following: [6]

Question 3.1.1: Find the volume of tetrahedron whose coterminous edges are
[3]

Solution:
Question 3.1.2: Without using truth tabic show that ~(p v q)v(~p ∧ q) = ~p [3]
Solution: ~(p v q)v(~p ∧ q)
≡~(p v q)v~(p ∨ ~q) by De Morgan's Law
≡~[(p ∨ q) ∧ (p ∨ ~q)] by De Morgan's Law
≡~{[(p ∨ q) ∧ p] ∨ [(p ∨ q)∧ ~q)]} by Distributive Law
≡ ~{[p] ∨ [(p ∨ q) ∧ ~q]} by Absorption Law
≡ ~{[p] ∨ [(p∧ ~q) ∨ (q ∧ ~q)]} by Distributive Law
≡~{[p] ∨ [(p ∧ ~q) ∨ F]} by Complement Law
≡~{[p] ∨ [(p ∧ ~q)]} by Identity Law
≡~p ∧ (~p ∨ q) by De Morgan's Law
≡ ~p by Absorption Law

Question 3.1.3: Show that every homogeneous equation of degree two in x and y, i.e.,
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 represents a pair of lines passing through origin if h2−ab≥0. [3]
Solution: Consider a homogeneous equation of the second degree in x and y,
Case I: If b = 0 (i.e., a ≠ 0, h ≠ 0), then the equation (1) reduce to ax2+ 2hxy= 0
i.e., x(ax + 2hy) = 0
Case II: If a = 0 and b = 0 (i.e. h ≠ 0), then the equation (1) reduces to 2hxy = 0, i.e., xy = 0
which represents the coordinate axes and they pass through the origin.

The above equation are in the form of y = mx

These lines passing through the origin.
Thus the homogeneous equation (1) represents a pair of lines through the origin, if
h2- ab ≥ 0.
Question 3.2 | Attempt any TWO of the following [8]

Question 3.2.1: If a line drawn from the point A( 1, 2, 1) is perpendicular to the line
joining P(1, 4, 6) and Q(5, 4, 4) then find the co-ordinates of the foot of the
perpendicular. [4]

Solution: Let M be the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point A (1, 2, 1) to
the line joining P (1, 4, 6) and Q (5, 4, 4) .
Equation of a line passing through the points (x1,y1,z1) and (x2,y2,z2) is
Question 3.2.2: Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the points
Hence find the cartesian equation of the plane. [4]
Solution:

The cartesian equation of the plane is 9x + 3y - z = 14.

Question 3.2.3: [4]

Solution:
Question 4: [12]

Question 4.1: Select and write the most appropriate answer from the given alternatives
in each of the following sub-questions : [6]

Question 4.1.1: [2]

Solution: (c)
Question 4.1.2: [2]

Solution: (a)

Question 4.1.3: Given that X ~ B(n= 10, p). If E(X) = 8 then the value of
p is ........... [2]
(a) 0.6
(b) 0.7
(c) 0.8
(d) 0.4
Solution: (c)
Since X ~ B(n = 10, p),
E(x) = np
10p = 8
p = 0.8
Question 4.2 | Attempt any THREE of the following: [6]

Question 4.2.1: [2]

Solution:

Question 4.2.2: The displacement 's' of a moving particle at time 't' is given by s = 5 +
20t — 2t2. Find its acceleration when the velocity is zero. [2]

Solution:

Question 4.2.3: Find the area bounded by the curve y2 = 4ax, x-axis and the lines x = 0
and x = a. [2]

Solution:
Question 4.2.4: The probability distribution of a discrete random variable X is: [2]
X=x 1 2 3 4 5
P(X=x) k 2k 3k 4k 5k

Find P(X≤4)
Solution: Given X is discreate r . v.
∴ P(x) is p.m.f.
p.m.f = ∑ pi = 1
i.e. k + 2k + 3k + 4k + 5k = 1
i.e. 15 k = 1
Question 4.2.5: [2]

Solution:

Question 5: [12]

Question 5.1: Attempt any TWO of the following [6]

Question 5.1.1: If y=f(u) is a differentiable function of u and u = g(x) is a differentiable

function of x then prove that y = f (g(x)) is a differentiable function of x and [3]
Solution: Let δx be a small increment in x.
Let δy and δu be the corresponding increments in y and u respectively
As δx → 0, δy → 0, δu → 0.
As u is differentiable function, it is continuous.

Question 5.1.2: The probability that a person who undergoes kidney operation will
recover is 0.5. Find the probability that of the six patients who undergo similar
operations, [3]
(a) None will recover
(b) Half of them will recover.

Solution: Probability of recovery=P(R) = 0.5

Question 5.1.3: [3]

Solution:
2I=0
I=0
Question 5.2: Attempt any TWO of the following [8]

Question 5.2.1: Discuss the continuity of the following functions. If the function have a
removable discontinuity, redefine the function so as to remove the discontinuity [4]

Solution:
Here lim_(x->0) f(x) exists but not equal to f(0). Hence, the discontinuity at x = 0 is
removable and can be removed by redefining the function as follows :

Question 5.2.2: [4]

Solution:
Question 5.2.3: A body is heated at 110°C and placed in air at 10°C. After 1 hour its
temperature is 60°C. How much additional time is required for it to cool to 35°C? [4]
Solution:
The additional time required for body to cool to 35° C = (2 - 1) = 1 hour

Question 6: [14]

Question 6.1 | Attempt any TWO of the following : [6]

Question 6.1.1: [3]

Solution:
Question 6.1.2: [3]

Solution:
Question 6.1.3: [3]

Solution:

Question 6: [8]

Question 6.2: Attempt any TWO of the following : [4]

Question 6.2.1: Solve the differential equation cos(x +y) dy = dx hence find the
particular solution for x = 0 and y = 0.

Solution: Cos (x + y)dy = dx

Question 6.2.2: A wire of length l is cut into two parts. One part is bent into a circle and
other into a square. Show that the sum of areas of the circle and square is the least, if
the radius of circle is half the side of the square. [4]
Solution: Length of the wire is 'l'.
Let the part bent to make circle is of length 'x',
and the part bent to make square is of length 'l - x'.
Circumference of the circle = 2πr = x

From (1) and (2), we get that the radius of the circle is half the side of the square, for
least sum of areas. (Proved)

Question 6.2.3: The following is the p.d.f. (Probability Density Function) of a continuous
random variable X : [4]
= 0 otherwise
(a) Find the expression for c.d.f. (Cumulative Distribution Function) of X.
(b) Also find its value at x = 0.5 and 9.