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Spring 2024 - MTH304

The document contains solutions to three physics problems involving forces. The first problem involves calculating the horizontal force needed to maintain equilibrium for a ring attached to two fixed points by a string. The second problem involves finding the magnitude and direction of the resultant force of four forces acting on a particle. The third problem involves calculating the angle between two equal forces and finding the magnitude of their resultant force.

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30 views5 pages

Spring 2024 - MTH304

The document contains solutions to three physics problems involving forces. The first problem involves calculating the horizontal force needed to maintain equilibrium for a ring attached to two fixed points by a string. The second problem involves finding the magnitude and direction of the resultant force of four forces acting on a particle. The third problem involves calculating the angle between two equal forces and finding the magnitude of their resultant force.

Uploaded by

almasshahzadi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question no.

1 :
A string of 2.4 m in length is tied to two points A and B in the horizontal plane. A ring of 2 kN weight
which can slide freely along ACB is at C, in equilibrium condition when a horizontal force F is applied at
point C. if the point C is 75 cm below of AB find out the magnitude of F. the length of AC is 1.5 m.
Solution:
To solve this problem, analyze the forces acting on the ring at point C and then apply the
equilibrium conditions. Write the following:

T1: Tension in segment AC


T2: Tension in segment CB
F: Horizontal force applied at point C
W : Weight of the ring (2 kN)

Given data:
Length of the string (AB) = 2.4 m
Length of segment AC = 1.5 m
Vertical distance between AB and C = 0.75 m

First, let's resolve the weight of the ring into its components:
0.75
W vertical ​=W × ​
2.4
Whorizontal =W × √ ❑

0.75
W vertical ​= 2kN × ​=0.625 kN
2.4

W horizontal ​=2 kN × √ ❑

Now, let's apply the equilibrium conditions:

1. Horizontal Equilibrium:
F=T 2 ​

2. Vertical Equilibrium:
T 1 ​+ T 2 ​=W vertical ​

3. Moment Equilibrium about point B:


T 1 ​×1.5=W horizontal ​× 2.4

Now, solve these equations:

From equation 3:
W horizontal ​×2.4 ​ 1.809 kN × 2.4 ​
T 1 ​= = =2.894 kN
1.5 1.5

From equation 2:
T 2 ​=W vertical ​−T 1 ​=0.625 kN −2.894 kN =−2.269 kN
Since T2 comes out to be negative, it means the assumed direction of tension in segment CB is
opposite to the actual direction. So, let's reverse the direction and calculate again:
T 2 ​=∣0.625 kN − 2.894 kN ∣=2.269 kN

Now, from equation 1:


F=T 2 ​=2.269 kN

So, the magnitude of the force F required to maintain equilibrium at point C is approximately ≋2.269kN.

Question no 2:
The following figure shows the four forces which lie in the same plane acting on a particle. The
magnitudes of these forces and their relative directions are shown in the figure. Find the magnitude and
direction of the resultant four forces.
Solution:

Step 1: Resolve Each Force into Components


1. 10 N Force (rightwards)
F x ​=10 cos(0 ∘)=10 N
𝐹𝑦=10 sin ⁡(0 ∘)=0 N
2. 30 N Force (leftwards)
F x ​=30 cos(180 ∘)=−30 N
F y ​=30 sin(180 ∘)=0 N
3. 18 N Force (at 30° to the vertical)
𝐹𝑥=18 sin ⁡(30∘)=18 × 0.5=9 N
F y ​=18 cos(30∘)=18 ×0.866=15.588 N

4. 24 N Force (at 60° to the horizontal)


F x ​=24 cos (60 ∘)=24 ×0.5=12 N
F y ​=24 sin (60 ∘)=24 ×0.866=20.784 N
Now Sum Up Components,
Total Fx (horizontal component):
F x , total ​=10 −30+ 9+ 12=1 N
Total Fy (vertical component):
F y , total ​=0+ 0+15.588+20.784=36.372 N

Step 3, Calculate Resultant Force Magnitude


Using the Pythagorean theorem:
F resultant ​= √ ❑
F resultant ​= √ ❑

Step 4: Resultant Force Direction


Using the tangent function to find the angle θ with respect to the positive x-axis:
F x ,total 136.372
tan(θ)= ​​= ​
Fy , total 1
θ=tan −1(36.372)≈ 88.3 ∘
Thus the Conclusion,The magnitude of the resultant force is approximately 36.4 N, and its
direction is approximately 88.3 degrees north of the east axis.
Question no 3:
Two forces each of magnitudes 12 N act at a point in the direction OA and OB. The angle
between the forces is x . The resultant of two forces has component 14 N in the direction
OA. Find the value of 𝑥 and the magnitude of resultant of the two forces.
Solution:
Use the principles of vector addition and trigonometry, particularly focusing on the cosine
law and projections of vectors.

• Given:
Two forces each with magnitude of 12 N.
Angle between the forces is x.
The resultant force's component along direction OA is 14 N.
- Find the value of x.
- Determine the magnitude of the resultant of the two forces.
・The component of the resultant force in the direction of OA is the
sum of the projections of both forces in that direction. Since the two
forces are equal in magnitude and symmetrically aligned around OA,
the horizontal component (in the direction of OA) for each force is
𝑥
12 cos ⁡( ). Therefore, the total horizontal component is:
2
x​
2 ×12 cos( )=14 N
2
. Solve for (x)
x​
24 cos ( )=14
2
x ​ 14 ​ 7
cos ( )= =
2 24 12
x​ −1 7 ​
=cos ( )
2 12
−1 7​
x = 2cos ( )
12
x ≈2 × 44.42∘=88.84 ∘

・Calculate the Magnitude of the Resultant Force:


Using the Law of Cosines for the resultant vector (R),
R 2=12 2+12 2− 2× 12×12 cos (x)
2
R =144 +144 − 288 cos( 88.84 ∘)
2
R =288 − 288 ×cos (88.84 ∘)
2
R ≈ 288 −288 ×0.0349 ≈ 288 −10.0512
2
R ≈ 277.9488
R ≈ √❑
Thus the solution is The angle x between the forces is approximately 88.84 ∘.
And The magnitude of the resultant force is approximately 16.67N.

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