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Relationships in OOPs

The document discusses relationships in object-oriented programming including inheritance, association, aggregation, composition, and dependency. Inheritance represents an 'is-a' relationship where a subclass extends a superclass. Association represents a 'has-a' relationship and can be weak like aggregation where objects can exist independently, or strong like composition where the lifetimes of associated objects are tied together.

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seantanjunhao11
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153 views16 pages

Relationships in OOPs

The document discusses relationships in object-oriented programming including inheritance, association, aggregation, composition, and dependency. Inheritance represents an 'is-a' relationship where a subclass extends a superclass. Association represents a 'has-a' relationship and can be weak like aggregation where objects can exist independently, or strong like composition where the lifetimes of associated objects are tied together.

Uploaded by

seantanjunhao11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIT Internal

RELATIONSHIPS
IN OOPS
SIT Internal

• Relationships in OOPs
LEARNING • “IS-A”
OUTCOM ES • “HAS-A”
• Dependency
SIT Internal

WHY NEED RELATIONSHIPS?

MODEL REAL WORLD CLASS IS A BASIC UNIT MULTIPLE CLASSES SEVERAL


SCENARIOS AND OBJECTS CONNECTIONS AND
INTERACTIONS
SIT Internal

RELATIONSHIPS IN OOPS

Is-A Has-A
Inheritance Association

Aggregation Composition
SIT Internal

“IS- A” RELATIONSHIP
• Describes inheritance between classes
• Subclass being a specialized version of its superclass

“Subclass IS-A type of superclass”


SIT Internal

INHERITANCE
Person
-
-
name
age
Person
- height
- eat()
- sleep()

Faculty
- staffId
- teachingSubject
Faculty - methodOfLecture()
Student
Student
- studentId

- methodOfStudy()
SIT Internal

Faculty X IS-A Person


Student Y IS-A Person
INHERITANCE • It’s a parent-child relationship
Person
-
-
name
age
Person
- height
- eat()
- sleep()

Faculty
- staffId
- teachingSubject
Faculty - methodOfLecture()
Student
Student
- studentId

- methodOfStudy()
SIT Internal

“HAS- A” RELATIONSHIP
• Describes Association relationship between classes

• One class contains an instance of another class as a member or attribute


SIT Internal

ASSOCIATION

Weak Strong

Aggregation Composition
SIT Internal

AGGREGATION
• Whole-part relationship
• one class (the whole) contains one or more objects of another class (the part)

• They can exist independently and have their own lifetime.


• When the whole object is destroyed, the associated parts are not
necessarily destroyed with it.

Part Whole
SIT Internal

AGGREGATION: EXAMPLE

Employee Department

• Department object will own the Employee class’s objects


• A Department can contain multiple Employee objects
• But they have their own object timeline public class Employee {
• They can exist without each other private String name;
private int employeeId;
private Department department;

}
SIT Internal

COMPOSITION
• Whole-part relationship
• one class (the whole) contains one or more objects of another class (the part)
• The associated objects are exclusive to the whole object and cannot exist
independently.
• When the whole object is destroyed, its parts are also destroyed.

Part Whole
SIT Internal

COMPOSITION: EXAMPLE

Engine Car

• Car object will own the Engine class’s objects


• When the Car is created, it creates an Engine
• Lifetimes for both are the same public class Car {
• When the Car is destroyed, the Engine is also destroyed private String make;
private String model;
private Engine engine;
}
SIT Internal

DEPENDENCY
• One class depends on another
• One class uses functionality or service of the other class
• Can exist between objects while they are associated, aggregated or
composed

Dependency Dependent
Class Class
SIT Internal

public class Calculator {


private MathLibrary mathLib;

public Calculator() {
DEPENDENCY: EXAMPLE // Create an instance of the
MathLibrary to use its functions
this.mathLib = new MathLibrary();
}

Math Calculator
Library Class

• Calculator uses the functions from the "MathLibrary" to perform its mathematical
calculations.
• When the Calculator is created, it creates an instance of Math library as part of its
constructor
SIT Internal

CONCLUSION
• Different relationships in OOPs
• “is-a”: Inheritance
• “has-a”: Association
• Aggregation
• Composition
• Dependency

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