Supplementary appendix 1

This appendix formed part of the original submission and has been peer reviewed.
We post it as supplied by the authors.

Supplement to: NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery. Access to
and quality of elective care: a prospective cohort study using hernia surgery as a
tracer condition in 83 countries. Lancet Glob Health 2024; published online May 23.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(24)00142-6.
Supplement

Access to and quality of elective care: a prospective cohort study using hernia
surgery as a tracer condition in 83 countries

NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery

A full list of collaborating authors is shown in Appendix 1

Corresponding authors:
Dr Maria Picciochi, NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, Institute of
Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
[email protected]

and

Professor Aneel Bhangu, NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, Institute of
Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
[email protected]

Acknowledgments: This study was supported by NIHR Global Health Research Unit Grant
(NIHR133364) and a project research grant from Portuguese Hernia and Abdominal Wall
Society (Sociedade Portuguesa de Hernia e Parede Abdominal). The funders had no role in
study design or writing of this report. The views expressed are those of the authors and not
necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR or the UK Department of Health
and Social Care.

Appendices

Section 1 – List of authors Pages 1-34

Section 2 – Supplementary tables and materials Pages 35-45
Section 1: List of authors
Dissemination Committee (listed by country):
Albania: I Dajti; Algeria: Z Djama; Argentina: M Lucchini, RM Palacios Huatuco; Australia: K Atherton,
AC Dawson, E Lun; Austria: F Aigner; Belgium: F Berrevoet; Benin: I Lawani, S Lawani, C Bokossa;
Bosnia and Herzegovina: S Delibegovic; Bulgaria: M Slavchev; Burkina Faso: AF Sanon, A Sanou;
Burundi: JB Gusa, JC Mbonicura; Cameroon: A Bang, O Gabom, C Nwegbu; Canada: A Brar, J
Martin; Chile: MM Modolo, M Olivos; Colombia: JA Calvache; Croatia: J Mihanovic; Cyprus: N
Gouvas, A Yiallourou; Czech Republic: B East; Dominican Republic: S Batista, R Rivas; Ecuador: EP
Lincango; Egypt: S Emile; Ethiopia: AB Aregawi; France: AP Arnaud; Gabon: N Boumas; Georgia: Z
Demetrashvili; Germany: H Lederhuber, MW Löffler; Ghana: AE Agbeko, NB Sam, S Tabiri, F Agyei,
FE Gyamfi, S Mohammed; Greece: I Katsaros, G Tsoulfas; India: L Bains, J Dhiman, D Ghosh, PD
Haque, A Suroy; Ireland: S Ramjit; Israel: G Marom; Italy: F Pata, G Gallo; Jordan: F Ayasra;
Kazakhstan: I R Fakhradiyev; Kenya: IHS Hamdun; Kyrguzstan: A Iqbal; Liberia: E Mbanzabugabo;
Libya: M Elhadi; Lithuania: A Gulla; Madagascar: L Samison; Malawi: M Nyirenda, R Nyirenda;
Malaysia: AC Roslani; Mali: B Bengaly; Malta: J Psaila; Mexico: L Martinez, A Ramos-De la Medina;
Namibia: PR Nashidengo; New Zealand: M McGuinnes, D Wright; Niger: A Ousseini; Nigeria: A
Adisa, AO Ademuyiwa; North Macedonia: T Risteski; Oman: Z Al Balushi, B Dawud, A AlSharqi, F Ali;
Pakistan: AU Qureshi; Palestine: H Abu-Arish; Paraguay: H Gomez-Fernandez; Philippines: JM
Faylona, MD Sacdalan; Poland: W Krawczyk; Portugal: JG Goncalves-Nobre, M Sampaio-Alves, I
Santos; Romania: I Negoi; Russian Federation: A Butyrskii; Rwanda: JC Allen, F Ntirenganya; Sierra
Leone: I Fortune; Slovenia: J Kosir; South Africa: N Parker, K Chu; Spain: A Minaya Bravo; Sri Lanka:
D Wickramasinghe, U Jayarajah; Sudan: M Elmujtaba; Sweden: M Nikberg; Switzerland: E Gialamas;
Syria: M Alshaar; Tanzania: M Nkoronko; Turkey: A Isik; Uganda: I Mubesi; United States: J Ng-
Kamstra; Venezuela: O Bahsas-Zaky.

Writing group (Study Management Group): M Picciochi, AO Ademuyiwa, A Adisa, AE Agbeko, JA

Calvache, D Chaudhry, R Crawford, AC Dawson, M Elhadi, A Ghaffar, D Ghosh, J Glasbey, PD
Haque, E Harrison, A Isik, I Jakaityte, SK Kamarajah, O Kouli, I Lawani, S Lawani, V Ledda, E Li, J
Martin, A Minaya Bravo, D Morton, D Nepogodiev, F Ntirenganya, O Omar, SZY Ooi, R Oppong, F
Pata, A Ramos-De la Medina, M Sampaio-Alves, JFF Simoes, M Steinruecke, S Tabiri, A Bhangu.

Data handling and management: M Picciochi, R Acharya, D Badran, A Chaudhry, JG Goncalves-

Nobre, RR Gujjuri, B Kadir (statistician), SR Knight, S Lawday, O Omar (senior statistician), KSY Ooi,
R Ooi, C Varghese.

Hospital leads (listed by country and city):

Albania: E Agastra (Korca; Regional Hospital of Korca); I Dajti (Tirana; University hospital Koco
Gliozheni).
Algeria: R Belouz (Algiers; CHU Isaad Hassani); Z Djama (Constantine; University Hospital
Abdelhamid Ben Badis); A Mouffokes (Oran; EHU-1st November 1954).

1
Argentina: ME Muriel (Allende, Cordoba; Sanatorio Allende - Sede Cerro); RM Palacios Huatuco
(Buenos Aires; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires); M Santillan (Buenos Aires; Hospital Universitario
CEMIC); A Duro (Buenos Aires; Hospital municipal de vicente lópez); JI Valenzuela (City of Buenos
Aires; Hospital Velez Sarsfield); DA Pantoja Pachajoa (Cordoba; Clinica Universitaria Reina Fabiola);
G Romero reyna (Cordoba; Sanatorio Allende - Sede Nueva Cordoba); CM Florián Villa (San
Francisco; Clinica Regional del Este).
Aruba: M Gosselink (Oranjestad; Dr. Horacio E Oduber Hospital).
Australia: YH Lam, A Nguyen (Adelaide; Northern Adelaide Local Health Network); JA Duffield
(Adelaide; Royal Adelaide Hospital); A Frankel (Brisbane; Princess Alexandra Hospital); S Bowman
(Brisbane; Queen Elizabeth 2 Jubilee Hospital); D Mitchell (Brisbane; Surgical Treatment and
Rehabilitation Service); H Iswariah (Brisbane; The Prince Charles Hospital (TPCH)); S Abeykoon
(Campbelltown; Campbelltown Hospital); S Gananadha (Canberra; Calvary Hospital); S Gananadha
(Canberra; Canberra Hospital); S Salindera (Coffs Harbour NSW; Coffs Harbour Health Campus); S
Stevens (Colac; Colac Area Health); AC Dawson (Gosford; Gosford Hospital); M Issa (Hamilton;
Hamilton Base Hospital); E Wong (Melbourne; Angliss Hospital); L Bromley (Melbourne; Austin
Hospital); E Wong (Melbourne; Box Hill Hospital); K Jaffry (Melbourne; Casey Hospital); M Bickford
(Melbourne; Knox Private Hospital); E Wong (Melbourne; Maroondah Hospital); R Nataraja
(Melbourne; Monash Childrens Hospital); R Hodgson (Melbourne; Northern Hospital); A Fox
(Melbourne; St Vincent’s Hospital); M Wichmann (Mount Gambier; Mount Gambier and Districts
Health Service); A Davis (Mount Nasura; Armadale Health Service); S Zhang (Newcastle; Calvary
Mater Newcastle); M Ishak (Newcastle; John Hunter Hospital); R Liang (Robina; Robina Hospital); P
Tang (Sale; Sale Hospital / Central Gippsland Health Service); R Liang (Southport; Gold Coast
University Hospital); M Park (Sydney; Royal North Shore Hospital); C Cornwell (Sydney; The Royal
Prince Alfred Hospital); E Page-Taylor (Toowoomba; Toowoomba Hospital); A Hameed (Westmead;
Westmead Hospital); R McGee (Wyong; Wyong Public Hospital).
Austria: I Königsrainer (Feldkirch; Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch); F Aigner (Graz; Barmherzige
Brüder Krankenhaus, Graz); S Mikalauskas (Graz; Medical University of Graz); L Havranek (Linz;
Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen); A Binder (Tulln; Universitätsklinikum Tulln).
Bangladesh: S Islam (Dhaka; Dhaka Medical College Hospital); MP Singh (Dinajpur; Lamb Hospital).
Benin: G Gbessi (Cotonou; Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga); H
Aouagbe Behanzin (Cotonou; Hopital de Menontin); M Agbadebo (Dassa-Zoumè; Hôpital de Zone de
Dassa-Zoumè); E Bara (Kandi; Hôpital de zone de Kandi); AB Yevide (Klouékanme; Hopital de Zone
de Klouékanme); TK Hessou (Natitingou; Centre Hospitalier Départemental de l’Atacora); AM
Hodonou (Parakou; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Borgou Alibori); I Lawani (Porto Novo; Centre
Hospitalier Universitaire et Departemental Oueme Plateau).
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Z Matkovic (Doboj; Genera Hospital ‘Sveti aposto Luka’ Doboj); N Lalovic
(Foča; University Hospital Foča); J Miskovic (Mostar; SKB University Clinical Hospital Mostar); M
Salibašić (Sarajevo; Clinical Center University of Sarajevo); A Cerovac (Tešanj; General Hospital
Tešanj); A Tursunovic (Tuzla; University Clinical Center Tuzla).
Brazil: C Panis (Francisco Beltrão; Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná).

2
Bulgaria: T Ivanov (Pleven; Heart and Brain - Pleven Hospital); M Karamanliev (Pleven; University
Hospital Dr Georgi Stranski, Medical University - Pleven); R Donchev (Plovdiv; MHAT St. Karidad); D
Hadzhiev (Plovdiv; UMHAT Sveti Georgi); T Yotsov (Ruse; University Hospital Medika); E Hristova
(Sofia; Fifth City Hospital Sofia - 5th MBAL).
Burkina Faso: AF Sanon (Ouagadougou; Tengandogo University Hospital).
Burundi: JC Mbonicura (Bujumbura; Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge); N Diomede
(Bujumbura; Kamenge Military Hospital); J Gusa (Bujumbura; Prince Regent Charles Hospital).
Cambodia: S Stock (Battambang; Handa Medical Centre).
Cameroon: O Ndizeye (Bamenda; Nkwen Baptist Hospital).
Canada: R Spence (Halifax; Queen Elizabeth II); S Lee (Port Moody; Eagle Ridge Hospital); S Lee
(Vancouver; Royal Columbian Hospital).
Chile: MM Modolo (Santiago; Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau).
China: W Yang (Guangzhou; The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University).
Colombia: CJ Perez Rivera (Bogota; Fundacion Cardioinfantil-IC); S Sierra (Medellin; Clínica CES);
DS Garcés Palacios (Popayan; Hospital Susana Lopez de Valencia); JA Calvache (Popayán; Hospital
Universitario San José).
Croatia: J Mihanovic (Zadar; Zadar General Hospital); G Augustin (Zagreb; University Hospital Centre
Zagreb).
Cyprus: A Yiallourou (Nicosia; Nicosia General Hospital).
Czech Republic: J Moravik (Decin; Krajská zdravotní as - Hospital Decin); A Al Kaddah (Hradec
Kralove; Charles University Hospital); Z Musilová (Ivančice; Hospital Ivančice); M Schön (Novy Jicin;
Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin); J Roman (Ostrava; University Hospital Ostrava); B East
(Prague; Motol University Hospital).
Dominican Republic: R Rivas (Santo Domingo; CEDIMAT - Centro de Diagnóstico, Medicina
Avanzada, Laboratorio y Telemedicina).
Egypt: G Abouelnagah (Alexandria; Alexandria Main University Hospital); D Attia (Alexandria;
Alexandria Medical Research Institute); G Abouelnagah (Alexandria; Smouha University Hospital); A
Maher (Assiut; Assiut University Children Hospital); A Kedwany (Assiut; Assiut University Hospital); S
Abdelmohsen (Aswan; Aswan University Hospital, Aswan University); R Adel Diab (Cairo; Al Zahraa
University Hospital); A Al-Mallah (Cairo; Al-Azhar University Hospitals); H Taher (Cairo; Cairo
University Children’s Hospitals (CUSPH & CUCH)); H Abozied (Cairo; EL-Hussein University
Hospital, Al-Azhar University, Faculty Of Medicine); ASM Abdelrahman (Cairo; Giza International
Hospital); M ElFiky, N Shehata (Cairo; Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University); B Fahmy
(Giza; The Memorial Soaad Kafafi University Hospital); H Elghadban (Mansoura; Mansoura University
Hospital); E Adel Mahmod Sultan (Menofia; Menofia University Hospital); M Omar (Qena; Qena
University Hospital); EA Ahmed (Sohag; Sohag University Hospital); AM Elkhouly (Tanta; Tanta
University Hospital); A Asla (Zagazig; Al Ahrar Zagazig Teaching Hospital).
Ethiopia: F Terefe (Addis Ababa; Yekatit 12 hospital medical college); A Yeshitila (Deberebirhan;
Hakim Gizaw Hospital); M Taeme (Dessie; Dessie Referral Hospital); A Demessie (Gondar; Gondar
University Comprehensive specialized hospital); AB Aregawi (Hawassa; Hawassa University

3
Comprehensive Specialized Hospital); N S.Bayleyegn (Jimma; Jimma University Medical Center); B
Sime (Yirgalem; Yirgalem Hospital Medical College).
France: A Police (Eaubonne; Hôpital Simone Veil); A Castaldi (Nimes; Hôpital Carèmeau); E Reitano
(Strasbourg; Nouvel Hopital Civil de Strasbourg).
Gabon: N Boumas (Libreville; Centre Hospitalier universitaire mère enfant Fondation Jeanne Ebori).
Georgia: Z Demetrashvili (Tbilisi; N.Kipshidze Central University Clinic).
Germany: C Kamphues (Berlin; Park-Klinik Weissensee); D Hackner (Erlangen; Universitätsklinikum
Erlangen); U Ronellenfitsch (Halle; University Hospital Halle); J Rolinger (Moenchengladbach;
Kliniken Maria Hilf); D Reim (Munich; Klinikum Rechts der Isar TUM School of Medicine); N Börner
(Munich; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich - Großhadern); J Goedeke (Munich; Ludwig
Maximilian University of Munich - Innenstadt); AE Gut (München; Isarklinikum); M Janda (Rostock;
University Hospital Rostock); J De Deken (Saarbruecken; Klinikum Saarbruecken); MW Löffler
(Tuebingen; University Hospital Tuebingen).
Ghana: R Armah (Accra; Greater Accra Regional Hospital); A Bediako Bowan (Accra; Korle-Bu
Teaching Hospital); E Kafui Ayodeji (Accra; Pentecost Hospital); EA Arkoh (Ankaful; Ankaful Leprosy
General Hospital); FE Gyamfi (Berekum; Berekum Holy Family Hospital); A Davor (Bolgatanga; Upper
East Regional Hospital); MT Morna (Cape-Coast; Cape Coast Teaching Hospital); N Agboadoh
(Damongo; St. Anne’s Hospital); EA Nachelleh (Ho; Ho Teaching Hospital); AE Agbeko (Kumasi;
Komfo-Anokye Teaching Hospital); S Mensah (Kumasi; University Hospital, KNUST); P Taah-Amoako
(Nsawkaw; Tain District Hospital); K Collins (Sunyani; Brong-Ahafo Regional Hospital); AS Seidu
(Tamale; Tamale Teaching Hospital); BK Seshie (Tema; Tema General Hospital); G Ansong
(Walewale; Walewale Government Hospital).
Greece: K Kambouri (Alexandroupolis; Alexandroupolis University General Hospital); A Kyriakidis
(Amfissa; General Hospital of Amfissa); D Korkolis (Athens; Agios Savvas Anticancer Hospital); N
Memos (Athens; Aretaieion Hospital); D Kelgiorgi (Athens; Athens Euroclinic); C Chouliaras (Athens;
Athens Medical Center); E Fradelos (Athens; Athens Naval and Veterans Hospital); N Michalopoulos
(Athens; Attikon University General Hospital); N Dimitrokallis (Athens; Evaggelismos General
Hospital); A Paspala (Athens; Evgenideio Hospital); P Christodoulou (Athens; General Hospital
Asklepieio Voulas); EC Tampaki (Athens; KAT Athens General Hospital); D Schizas (Athens; Laiko
University Hospital); K Kontzoglou (Athens; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens); M
Spartalis (Athens; Sotiria General Hospital of Thoracic Diseases); M Billis (Filiates; General Hospital
of Filiates); N Tsakiridis (Florina; Florina General Hospital ‘Eleni Th. Dimitriou’); A Karakosta
(Ioannina; University Hospital of Ioannina); D Panagopoulos (Kyparissia; General Hospital of
Messinia, Hospital Unit of Kyparissia); G Koukoulis (Larissa; General Hospital of Larissa
‘Koutlimpaneio and Triantafylleio’); G Christodoulidis (Larrisa; General University Hospital of Larissa);
K Bouchagier (Patras; General University Hospital of Patras); V Mousafeiris (Patras; Karamandaneio
Prefecture Children Hospital of Patras); A Papadopoulos (Piraeus; General Hospital of Nikaia); L
Katsiaras (Piraeus; Metaxa Cancer Hospital); N Zampitis (Piraeus; Tzaneio General Hospital); O
Ioannidis (Thessaloniki; George Papanikolaou General Hospital of Thessaloniki); M Drogouti

4
(Thessaloniki; O Agios Dimitrios General Hospital); C Kaselas (Thessaloniki; Papageorgiou General
Hospital); D Lytras (Volos; Achillopoyleio General Hospital of Volos).
Guatemala: M Aguilera-Arevalo (Guatemala City; Hospital General San Juan De Dios); L Talé-
Rosales (Guatemala City; Hospital Juan Jose Arevalo Bermejo); ST Torres Rodríguez (Guatemala
City; Hospital de Referencia Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias).
India: N Krishnappa (Bangalore, Karnataka; BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences); S Kumar
Venkatappa (Bangalore; Victoria Hospital); TS Mishra (Bhubaneswar; All India Institute Of Medical
Sciences - Bhubaneswar); Y Sakaray (Chandigarh; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education &
Research, Chandigarh, India); R Kottayasamy Seenivasagam (Coimbatore; PSG Institute of Medical
Sciences and Research); R Sharma (DELHI; St Stephen’s Hospital); R Gupta (Dehradun; Synergy
Institute of Medical Sciences); M Luthra (Delhi; Holy Family Hospital); T Longkumer (Dimapur;
Christian Institute of Health Sciences and Research); A Chhabra (Faridkot; Guru Gobind Singh
Medical College & Hospital (Baba Farid University of Health Sciences)); T Doma Bhutia (Gangtok; Sir
Thutob Namgyal Memorial Hospital Sochakgang); M Pathak (Jodhpur; All India Institute of Medical
Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur); J Rathod (Karamsad; Shree Krishna Hospital); MK Agrawal (Lucknow;
King George’s Medical University); D Jain (Ludhiana; Christian Medical College & Hospital); NK
Chaudhry (Ludhiana; Satguru Partap Singh Hospital); A Mathew (Madhepura; Madhepura Christian
Hospital); P Alexander (Manali; Lady Willingdon Hospital); V Kumar (Manipal; Kasturba Medical
College Hospital, Manipal); RD Sharma (Mumbai; Lilavati Hospital & Research Centre); B Sarang
(Mumbai; Terna Medical College and Hospital); D Singh (Nandurbar; Chinchpada Christian Hospital);
N Gupta (New Delhi; ABVIMS Dr RML Hospital); S Kulkarni (New Delhi; Army Hospital Research &
Referral New Delhi); T Rashid (New Delhi; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research); L
Bains (New Delhi; Maulana Azad Medical College); T Iahmo (Padhar; Padhar Hospital); A Kumar
(Patiala; Government Medical College Patiala); M Kumar (Patna; All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, Patna); R Abhinaya (Pondicherry; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education
and Research); VS Jha (Pune; Command Hospital, Southern Command); D Dugar (Raipur; All India
Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur); S Basu (Rishikesh; All India Institute Of Medical Sciences); K
Singh (SAS Nagar (Mohali) ; BR Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences Mohali); C Mahakalkar
(Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha; Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital); FQ Parray (Srinagar; Sher-i-
Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences); JA Kalyanapu (Tezpur; Baptist Christian Hospital); M Chisthi
(Thiruvananthapuram; Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram); A Kavalakat (Thrissur;
Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute); B Roopavathana. S (Vellore; Christian Medical
College & Hospital).
Iran, Islamic Rep.: N Yousefzadeh Kandevani (Bastak; Farabi hospital); M Pourfridoni (Jiroft; Imam
Khomeini Hospital).
Iraq: R Raheem Attallah Al_obaidy (Anbar; Heet General hospital); Z Alkhuzaie (Najaf; Al Batool
private hospital); MA Al-Juaifari (Najaf; Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Teaching Hospital).
Ireland: S Ramjit (Dublin; St James’s Hospital); R Tummon (Kerry; University Hospital Kerry).
Israel: S Abu Salem (Jerusalem; Hadassah Medical Center).

5
Italy: R Sulce (Arezzo; Ospedale San Donato USL Toscana Sud Est); PM Cicerchia (Ariccia;
Ospedale dei Castelli (N.O.C.)); E Marra (Aversa; San Giuseppe Moscati); M Rottoli (Bologna; IRCCS
Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna); J Andreuccetti (Brescia; ASST Spedali Civili,
Ospedale di Brescia); E Locci (Cagliari; Cagliari University Hospital); F Cappellacci (Cagliari;
Chirurgia Generale e Polispecialistica, Cagliari University Ospital ‘Duilio Casula’); N Cillara (Cagliari;
Santissima Trinità - ATS Sardegna); E Abate (Carate Brianza (MB); Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele III -
Carate Brianza); F Ascari (Carpi; Ramazzini); S Romano (Casarano; Francesco Ferrari Hospital); M
Veroux (Catania; Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria Policlinico San Marco); B Nardo (Cosenza;
Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza); D Sasia (Cuneo; Santa Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo); G Baronio
(Esine; ASST Valcamonica Ospedale di Esine); N Fabbri (Ferrara; Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di
Ferrara); J Martellucci (Firenze; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi); G Canonico (Firenze;
Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio); V Lizzi (Foggia; Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria);
F D’acapito (Forlì; Morgagni-Pierantoni); D Merlini (Garbagnate Milanese; ASST Rhodense -
Ospedale di Garbagnate Milanese); A Barberis (Genoa; E.O. Ospedali Galliera); MF Amisano
(Genoa; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino); A Luzzi (Genoa; Ospedale Villa Scassi); F
Palmieri (Gravedona ed Uniti; Ospedale Moriggia Pelascini); CL Bertoglio (Magenta; Ospedale
‘G.Fornaroli’, ASST-OVEST Milanese); E Baldini (Melzo; Ospedale Santa Maria delle Stelle, ASST
Melegnano Martesana); M Ceolin (Milan; Humanitas Research Hospital); P De Nardi (Milan; IRCCS
San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan); MG Piacentini (Milan; Ospedale Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico);
F Ferrara (Milan; San Carlo Borromeo); F Brucchi (Milan; Sesto San Giovanni Hospital); F Di Marco
(Modica; Ospedale Maggiore); N Tamini (Monza; Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Monza,
Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Milano Bicocca); P Anoldo (Naples; Federico II University
of Naples); R Patrone (Naples; Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione, Pascale IRCCS); F Selvaggi
(Naples; Primo Policlinico di Napoli); G Bellio (Padova; Piove di Sacco Hospital); P Venturelli
(Palermo; Policlinico Universitario Paolo Giaccone); L Conti (Piacenza; G. Da Saliceto); L Morelli
(Pisa; Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana); SMM Basso (Pordenone; Azienda Sanitaria Friuli
Occidentale (AS FO)); F Biolchini (Reggio Emilia; Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio
Emilia); C Marafante (Rivoli; Ospedale degli Infermi di Rivoli); A Antinori (Rome; Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli); M Campanelli (Rome; Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital,
Rome); P Lapolla (Rome; Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome); G Palomba (Salerno;
San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona); L Cardinali (San Benedetto del Tronto; Madonna del
Soccorso Hospital); E Andolfi (Sansepolcro; Valtiberina); L Verre (Siena; Azienda Ospedaliero
Universitaria Senese); G Poillucci (Spoleto (PG); San Matteo degli Infermi); E Pontecorvi (Sulmona;
SS Annunziata); S Novello (Treviso; Ospedale Ca’ Foncello - Università di Padova (DISCOG)); M
Santarelli (Turin; Città della Salute e della Scienza); L Cobellis (Vallo Della Lucania; Casa di Cura
Prof. Dott. Luigi Cobellis); G Ietto (Varese Lombardy; University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e
Fondazione Macchi (Varese)); F Pederiva (Varese; Filippo Del Ponte Hospital, University of Insubria);
A Iacomino (Venezia; Ospedale Civile - Santi Giovanni e Paolo); D Verdi (Venice; Mirano Hospital); A
Broglia (Voghera; Ospedale Civile di Voghera); P Cianci (andria; Lorenzo Bonomo); M Angelucci

6
(rome; policlinico universitario campus bio medico of rome); G Calini (udine; santa maria della
misericordia).
Japan: H Yonekura (Aichi; Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital).
Jordan: S Alananzeh (Ajloun; Al Iman Hospital); A Qasem (Amman; Al-Basheer Hospital); Y Alawneh
(Amman; Ibn Al Haitham Hospital); S Al-Tahayneh (Amman; Islamic Hospital); A Khamees (Amman;
Jordan University Hospital); MEH Albanna (Amman; Marka Specialty Hospital); RKZ Almahadin
(Amman; Prince Hamza hospital); M Mahafdah (Ar Ramtha; King Abdullah University Hospital/ Jordan
University of Science and Technology); O Mansour (As-Salt; Al Hussain New Salt Hospital); M
Mubarak (Irbid; Ar Ramtha Govermental Hospital); A Alrababah (Irbid; Princess Basma Hospital).
Kazakhstan: M Kulimbet (Almaty; City Clinical Hospital No.7, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical
University); I Fakhradiyev (Almaty; JSC ‘Central Clinical Hospital’, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National
Medical University).
Kenya: R Parker (Bomet; Tenwek Hospital).
Lebanon: D Rahme (Beirut; Hopital Libanais Geitaoui); H Hamdar (Jbail ; Maritime Hospital).
Libya: W Ebrahim (Albayda; Albayda Medical Center); M Saleh (Benghazi; Al-jalaa Teaching/Trauma
Hospital); S Alsaeiti (Benghazi; Benghazi Children’s Hospital); R Michael (Benghazi; Benghazi
Medical Center); A Bojazyah (Darna; Al-Wahda Hospital); H Bileid Bakeer (Gharyan; Gharyan Central
Hospital); M Abudabbous, N Albahloul (Misurata; Misurata Central Hospital); A Egdeer (Nalut; Nalut
Central Hospital); H Embarek (Sebha; Al-Majd Clinic); M Abdelkabir (Sebha; Aseel Alghad Clinic); H
Idheiraj (Sebha; Sabha Medical Center); R Salim (Tobruk; Tobruk Medical Center); K Ayad (Tripoli;
Alkhalil hospital); A Alragheai (Tripoli; Metiga Hospital); S Egreara (Tripoli; Sabratha teaching
hospital); S Timmalah (Tripoli; Tripoli Medical Center/ Tripoli University Hospital); N Lahmer (Zawia;
Zawia Teaching Hospital); N Ben Hasan (Zliten; Zliten Teaching Hospital).
Lithuania: D Venskutonis (Kaunas; LUHS Kaunas Hospital); A Dauksa (Kaunas; Lithuanian University
of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics); A Gulla (Vilnius; Vilnius University Hospital).
Madagascar: F Rasoaherinomenjanahary (Antananarivo; Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona
Hospital).
Malaysia: MS Mohd Shah (Kelantan; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia); R Noor (Kota Bharu;
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II); SN Loke (Kuching, Sarawak; Sarawak General Hospital); MA
Yunus (Malacca; Hospital Jasin); H Amin-Tai (Serdang; Hospital Pengajar Universiti Putra Malaysia
(HPUPM)).
Mali: KS Dembele (Ségou; District Hospital of Tominian).
Malta: J Psaila (Msida; Mater Dei Hospital).
Mexico: CM Nuño-Guzmán (Guadalajara; Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara); LA Flores Chávez
(Guadalajara; Clínica de Especialidades más Centro de Cirugía Simplificada); CM Nuño-Guzmán, G
Yanowsky-Reyes (Guadalajara; Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde); A Gonzalez Ojeda (Guadalajara;
Hospital de Especialidades, CMNO-IMSS); G Ambriz González (Guadalajara; UMAE Hospital de
Pediatria Centro Medico Nacional de Occidentes IMSS); EE Lozada Hernandez (León; Hospital
Regional e Alta Especialidad del Bajio); M Trejo-Avila (Mexico City; Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea
González); C Moreno-Licea (Mexico City; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición

7
‘Salvador Zubirán’); A Navarrete-Peón (Pachuca; Sociedad Española de Beneficencia); M Noguez
Castillo (Querétaro; Hospital de especialidades del niño y la mujer); A Ramos-De la Medina
(Veracruz; Hospital Español Veracruz).
Morocco: I Gouazar (Marrakech; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech); A
Ouachhou (Rabat; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina Rabat).
Namibia: PR Nashidengo (Windhoek; Windhoek Central Academic Hospital).
New Zealand: S Rennie (Masterton; Wairarapa Hospital); M Haimona (Wellington; Wellington
Regional Hospital); F Fadzlullah (Whanganui; Whanganui Hospital); L Paterson (Whangarei;
Whangarei Hospital).
Nigeria: A Adeyeye (Ado Ekiti; Afe Babalola University Multi-System Hospital); J Olaogun (Ado-Ekiti;
Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital); N Oloko (Bauchi; Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University
Teaching Hospital Bauchi); P Agbonrofo (Benin City; University of Benin Teaching Hospital); A
Abiodun (Bida; Federal Medical Centre Bida); U Ezomike (Enugu; University of Nigeria Teaching
Hospital); SA Sani (Gwagwalada; University of Abuja Teaching Hospital); TA Lawal (Ibadan;
University College Hospital); AO Lawal (Idi Araba; Lagos University Teaching Hospital); AI Okunlola
(Ido Ekiti; Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti); OM Williams (Ikeja; Lagos State University Teaching
Hospital); A Adisa (Ile-Ife; Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex); T Mohammed
(Ilesa; Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex Wesley Guild Hospital Unit); P
Elemile (Ilishan-Remo; Babcock University Teaching Hospital); II Aremu (Ilorin; General Hospital); L
Abdur-Rahman (Ilorin; University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital); JG Makama (Kaduna; Barau Dikko
Teaching Hospital); IU Garzali (Kano; Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital); TT Ibiyeye (Lokoja; Federal
Teaching Hospital Lokoja); OH Ekwunife (Nnewi; Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital); OH
Ekwunife (Onitsha; Holy Rosary Specialist Hospital); O Ojewuyi (Osogbo; UNIOSUN Teaching
Hospital); I Ogundele (Sagamu; Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital); M Daniyan (Zaria;
Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital).
North Macedonia: T Risteski (Skopje; University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery).
Oman: H Al-Aamri (Ibra; Ibra Hospital); AH ALSharqi (Muscat; Sultan Qaboos University Hospital); M
Al Hinai (Nizwa; Nizwa Hospital).
Pakistan: S Ahmed (Islamabad; Dr Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital); SH Waqar (Islamabad; The
Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences); M Shahid (Karachi; PAF Faisal Hospital); F Ashraf (Karachi;
Patel Hospital); AN Syed (Karachi; The Indus Hospital); AS Ammar (Lahore; Bahria International
Hospital, Bahria Orchard); K Hayat (Lahore; Services Hospital Lahore); N Talat (Lahore; The
Children’s Hospital & The Institute of Child Health Lahore); W Mabood (Peshawar; Mercy Teaching
Hospital); HW Bhatti (Rawalpindi; Benazir Bhutto Hospital); M Usman Malik (Sargodha; District
Headquarter & Teaching Hospital - Sargodha).
Palestine: B Mohamad (Bethlehem, West Bank; Beit Jala Governmental Hospital (Al Hussein)); A
Alwali (Gaza; Al-Shifa Hospital); A AbuNemer (Gaza; Nasser Hospital); S Alijla (Gaza; Palestine Red
Crescent Society - Al-amal Hospital); H Ayesh (Hebron, West Bank; Al-Ahli Hospital); H Abu-Arish
(Hebron, West Bank; Governmental Hebron Hospital-Alia); D Rabaia, A Jaber (Jenin, West Bank; The

8
Martyr Dr. Khalil Sulaiman Hospital (Jenin Governmental Hospital)); M MohammedAli (Nablus, West
Bank; Rafidia Hospital); A Attili (Tulkarm, West Bank; Martyr Thabet Thabet Govermental Hospital).
Paraguay: OM Cuenca Torres (Asuncion; Hospital de Clínicas, II Cátedra de Clínica Quirúrgica,
Universidad Nacional de Asunción).
Peru: V Panduro-Correa (Huánuco; Hospital Regional Hermilio Valdizán Medrano); L Fuentes Rivera
Lau (Lima; British American Hospital); CF Huaroto Landeo (Lima; Clinica Internacional); G Mendiola
(Lima; Hospital Santa Rosa de Lima); Y Carpio Colmenares (Lima; SANNA - Clínica El Golf); C
Shiraishi Zapata (Paita; Hospital I Miguel Cruzado Vera EsSalud); R Díaz-Ruiz (Piura; Jose Cayetano
Heredia III Regional Hospital).
Poland: Ł Nawacki (Kielce; Wojewódzki Szpital Zespolony w Kielcach); M Kisielewski (Krakow; 5th
Military Clinical Hospital); Z Orzeszko (Krakow; Brothers Hospitallers Hospital); M Matyja (Krakow;
Jagiellonian University Medical College); W Krawczyk (Sosnowiec; Wojewódzki Szpiital
Specjalistyczny nr 5 im. Św Barbary); M Walędziak (Warsaw; Military Institute Of Medicine); JK Zajac
(Wroclaw; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw); F Brzeszczyński (Łódź; Copernicus Memorial
Hospital).
Portugal: S Henriques (Almada; Hospital Garcia de Orta); J Frazão (Amadora; Hospital Prof. Doutor
Fernando Fonseca, E.P.E.); S Gaspar Reis (Barreiro; Centro Hospitalar Barreiro Montijo, EPE); AR
Mateus Loureiro (Caldas da Rainha; Hospital das Caldas da Rainha - Centro Hospitalar do Oeste,
E.P.E); M Reia (Elvas; Hospital Santa Luzia Elvas); J Pinho (Figueira da Foz; Hospital Distrital da
Figueira da Foz); DG Alves (Funchal; Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça); R Silva Borges (Horta; Hospital
da Horta, E.P.E.); E Borges (Lisbon; Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte); M Nunes (Matosinhos; Unidade
Local de Saude de Matosinhos - Hospital Pedro Hispano); A Faustino (Ponta Delgada; Hospital do
Divino Espírito Santo); G Fialho (Portalegre; Hospital Doutor José Maria Grande); J Dias-Ferreira
(Porto; Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João); M Santos (Porto; Hospital da Prelada); J
Marques Antunes (Santa Maria da Feira; Centro Hospitalar Entre o Douro e Vouga); H Devesa
(Santarem; Hospital de Santarem); J Ricardo (Santiago do Cacém; Hospital do Litoral Alentejano); R
Branquinho (Tomar; Centro Hospitalar Médio Tejo); J Fernandes (Vila Franca de Xira; Hospital Vila
Franca de Xira); J Pereira-Macedo (Vila Nova de Famalicao; Centro Hospitalar do Medio Ave); B
Vieira (Vila Real; Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, E.P.E.).
Qatar: CE Guldogan (Doha; Turkish Hospital).
Romania: ST Makkai-Popa (Brasov; Regina Maria); F Grama (Bucharest; Coltea Clinical Hospital);
EA Toma (Bucharest; Elias Emergency Hospital); I Negoi (Bucharest; Emergency Clinical Hospital
Bucharest); M Muresan (Cluj-Napoca; Medicover Hospital Cluj).
Russian Federation: V Kakotkin (Kaliningrad; Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Regional
Clinical Hospital); A Bedzhanyan (Moscow; Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery); S
Katorkin (Samara; Hospital Surgery Clinic of Samara State Medical University); A Butyrskii
(Simferopol; Municipal Emegency Hospital No.6); V Ten (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk; Private healthcare
institution ‘RZD-Medicine’).
Rwanda: N Christian (Huye, Gisagara; Butare university teaching hospital (CHUB)); C Mpirimbanyi
(Kigali; Kibagabaga Hospital); A Costas-Chavarri (Kigali; Rwanda Military Hospital).

9
Saudi Arabia: N Alzerwi (Al-Majmaah; King Khalid General Hospital); A Shabkah (Jeddah;
International Medical Center); A Nawawi (Jeddah; King Abdulaziz University Hospital); N Alzerwi
(Riyadh; King Salman Hospital in Riyadh); S Chowdhury (Riyadh; King Saud Medical City); DY
Alalawi (Tabuk; King Salman Armed Forces Hospital); S Awad (Taif City; King Faisal Medical
Complex).
Serbia: A Karamarkovic (Belgrade; Zvezdara University Medical Center).
Slovenia: JA Košir (Ljubljana; University Medical Centre).
South Africa: M Flint (Cape Town; Groote Schuur Hospital); A Victor (Cape Town; Karl Bremer
Hospital); SS Verhage (Cape Town; Khayelitsha District Hospital); F Gool (Cape Town; Mitchell’s
Plain District Hospital); T Mabogoane (Cape Town; Victoria Hospital Wynberg); B Phakathi (Durban;
King Edward VIII Hospital); V Pillay (Durban; Stanger Hospital); R Jayakrishnan (East London; Cecilia
Makiwane Hospital); Y Manickchund (East London; Frere Hospital); O Jolayemi (Empangeni;
Ngwelezana Hospital); H Stark (George; George Hospital); C Molewa (Johannesburg; Edenvale); H
Wain (Pietermaritzburg; Edendale Hospital); D Montwedi (Pretoria; Kalafong Academic Hospital); G
De Wee (Upington; Dr Harry Surtie Hospital); C Dempers (Worcester; Worcester Provincial Hospital).
Spain: H Aguado López (Albacete; Hellín Hospital); MDM Martí-Ejarque (BARCELONA; Hospital
Universitari Sagrat Cor); A Torroella (Barcelona; HM Nou Delfos); O Martin Sole (Barcelona; Hospital
Sant Joan de Deu); A Landaluce-Olavarria (Bizkaia; Hospital Urduliz); V Alonso (Burgos; Hospital
Universitario de Burgos); Á Fernández Camuñas (Ciudad Real; Hospital General Universitario de
Ciudad Real); M Estaire Gómez (Leganés; Severo Ochoa University Hospital); AG Barranquero
(Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova); L Marquez (Madrid; Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja
San Jose y Santa Adela); P Serrano Méndez (Madrid; Hospital Clinico San Carlos); A Vilar (Madrid;
Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias); J Guevara (Madrid; Hospital Universitario la Paz); AM
Minaya Bravo (Madrid; Hospital del Henares); JL Rodicio Miravalles (Oviedo; Hospital Universitario
Central de Asturias (HUCA)); R Díaz Pedrero (Rivas-Vaciamadrid, Madrid; Hospital Universitario HM
Rivas); L Tallon-Aguilar (Sevilla; Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio); A Curado Soriano (Seville;
Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena); Z Balciscueta (Valencia; Hospital Arnau de Vilanova); D
Moro-Valdezate (Valencia; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia); B De Andrés-Asenjo
(Valladolid; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid); A Vazquez Melero (Vitoria-Gasteiz; Hospital
Universitario Araba); J Escartin (Zaragoza; Hospital Royo Villanova); C Gracia-Roche (Zaragoza;
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet).
Sri Lanka: S Srishankar (Anuradhapura; Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura); D Wickramasinghe
(Colombo; National Hospital of Sri Lanka); U Jayarajah (Dehiwala; Colombo South Teaching
Hospital); S Gobishangar (Jaffna; Teaching Hospital, Jaffna); W Wijenayake (Werahera; University
Hospital, Kotelawala Defence University).
Sudan: I Abdalla (Ed Dueim; Ed Dueim Teaching Hospital); S Ibrahim Tour Harakan (El Geneina; El
Geneina teaching Hospital); MM Yassin (Gadarif city; Gadarif teaching hospital); Z Aljalabi (Kassala;
Police hospital); I Adel (Khartoum; Bashair Teaching Hospital); IMG Ahmed (Khartoum; Ibrahim Malik
Teaching Hospital); M Hajalamin (Khartoum; Omdurman Teaching Hospital); EE Abuobaida Banaga

10
Hag El Tayeb (Khartoum; Ribat university hospital); HA Fadlalmola (Khartoum; Soba University
Hospital); E Alkhalifa (Wad Madani; University of Gezira Hospital).
Sweden: H Zaigham (Malmö; Skåne University Hospital); M Nikberg (Vasteras; Västmanlands
Hospital Västerås).
Switzerland: P Probst (Frauenfeld; Spital Thurgau AG); E Gialamas (Geneva; Geneva University
Hospitals); J Gass (Luzern; Luzerner Kantonsspital); A Tampakis (Olten; Kantonsspital Olten); G
Peros (Winterthur; Kantonsspital Winterthur); MA Schneider (Zurich; University Hospital of Zurich).
Syrian Arab Republic: MA Farho (Aleppo; Abd Al Wahab Agha Hospital); AA Kayali (Aleppo; Al-
Shahbaa Private Hospital); M Aloulou (Aleppo; Aleppo Private Hospital); A Ghazal (Aleppo; Aleppo
University Hospital); B Alsaid (Damascus; Al assad university hospital); M Klib (Damascus; Al-
Mouwasat University Hospital); H Dalati (Damascus; Children’s University Hospital); S Jomaa
(Damascus; Damascus Hospital); Y Alhammoud (Homs; Al-Basel Specialized Hospital in Karm El-
Louz); S Abbas (Homs; The Military Hospital); G Hneino (Latakia; Al Saydeh Surgical Hospital); I Ali
(Latakia; National Hospital); G Bashour (Latakia; Othaman Hospital); A Hammed (Latakia; Tishreen
University Hospital).
Thailand: S Techapongsatorn (Bangkok; Vajira hospital).
Togo: F Alassani (Lomé; CHU Sylvanus Olympio).
Tunisia: A Sebai (Tunis; La Rabta Hospital).
Turkey: GC Bulbuloglu (Adana; Adana Seyhan State Hospital); MA Koç (Ankara; Ankara University
Medical School); MY Uzunoglu (Bursa; Bursa City Hospital); B Yigit (Elazig; Elazig Fethi Sekin City
Hospital); AN Sanli (Gaziantep; Abdulkadir Yuksel State Hospital); GK Kurtoglu (Istanbul; Acibadem
Altunizade Hospital); E Tuzuner (Istanbul; Acibadem Maslak Hospital); Y Altinel (Istanbul; Bagcilar
Research And Training Hospital); ÖP Zanbak Mutlu (Istanbul; Bahçelievler State Hospital); RE
Sönmez (Istanbul; Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine); S Bektas (Istanbul; Istanbul
Medipol University Hospital); E Erginöz (Istanbul; Istanbul universty - Cerrahpaşa Medical faculty); A
Özcan (Istanbul; Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital); Y Tosun (Istanbul; Kartal
Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital); İH Özata (Istanbul; Koç University Medical School);
TK Uprak (Istanbul; Marmara University, School of Medicine); E Unal (Istanbul; Sehit Prof.Dr. İlhan
Varank Training and Research Hospital); N Kiziltoprak (Istanbul; Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training
and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences); M Ergenç (Istanbul; Sultanbeyli State
Hospital); MT Demirpolat (Istanbul; University of Health Science Umraniye Education and Research
Hospital); B Citgez (Istanbul; Uskudar University Faculty of Medicine, Memorial Hospital); H Ulman
(Izmir; Bakircay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital); YK Şen (Izmir; University of Health
Sciences Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital); E Colak (Samsun; Samsun University
Samsun Training and Research Hospital); N Kavak (Zonguldak; Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University
School of Medicine Research and Training Hospital); E Kamer (İzmir; University of Health Sciences
Tepecik Training and Research Hospital).
Uganda: I Mubezi (Iganga; Iganga district hospital); H Lule (Kigumba; Kiryandongo Hospital); S
Stonelake (Luwero; Kiwoko Hospital).

11
United Kingdom: CS Ong (Bangor, North Wales; Ysbyty Gwynedd); P Patel (Barrow in Furness;
Furness General Hospital); S Dindyal (Basildon; Basildon University Hospital); F Georgiades
(Bedford; Bedford Hospital); J Abbasy (Birmingham; Heartlands Hospital); M Kaur (Brighton; Royal
Sussex County Hospital); B Martin (Bristol; Bristol Royal Hospital for Children); M Chauhan
(Camberley; Frimley Health NHS FT - Frimley Park); S Ahmed (Chester; Countess of Chester
Hospital); M Tutton (Colchester; Colchester Hospital University); N Chidumije (Coventry; University
Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust); W Al-Khyatt (Derby; Royal Derby Hospital); A
Sukumar (Dudley; Russell’s Hall Hospital); H Kamal (Dundee; Ninewells Hospital); A Nada (Durham;
University Hospital North Durham); A Chaudhary (Exeter; Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital); M
Bogdan (Great Yarmouth; James Paget Univeristy NHS Foundation Trust Hospital); M Peter
(Huddersfield; Huddersfield Royal Infirmary); J Walshaw (Hull; Hull University Teaching Hospitals
NHS Trust); M Ewedah (Ilford; King George Hospital); L Rampersad (Larbert; Forth Valley Royal
Hospital); A Peckham-Cooper, NS Blencowe (Leeds; Leeds Teaching Hospitals); R Lunevicius
(Liverpool; Aintree University Hospital); P Panahi (London; Ealing Hospital); E Baili (London; Guy’s
and St Thomas’ Hospitals); K Theodoropoulou (London; Homerton University Hospital); P
Kapsampelis (London; Kingston); MMH Mohammed (London; Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich);
C Parmar (London; The Whittington Hospital); MMH Mohammed (London; University Hospital
Lewisham); C Smart (Macclesfield; Macclesfield District General Hospital); P Wilson (Manchester;
Wythenshawe Hospital); F Gareb (Margate; Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital Margate); G
Sundaram Venkatesan (Middlesbrough; James Cook University Hospital); C Hidalgo Salinas
(Morecambe; Royal Lancaster Infirmary); S Tingle (North Shields; Northumbria NHS Hospital Trust);
N Marzouqa (Nottingham; Queens Medical Centre); T Theivendrampillai (Oxford; John Radcliffe
Hospital); M Zahed Abdalla (Portsmouth; Queen Alexandra Hospital); A Rahman (Redhill; East Surrey
Hospital); M Abdelkarim (Rhyl; Glan Clwyd Hospital); O Whitehurst (Salford; Salford Royal Hospital);
E Tokidis (Sheffield; Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust); S Bandyopadhyay
(Southampton; Southampton General Hospital); B Al-Sarireh (Swansea; Morriston Hospital
Swansea); A Salam (Walsall; Walsall Manor Hospital).
United States: M Sulciner (Boston; Brigham and Women’s Hospital); G Chang (Chicago, IL; Mount
Sinai Hospital); A Alecci (Chicago, IL; Rush University Medical Centre); HE Rice (Durham, NC; Duke
University Medical Center); D Ridder (Honolulu, Hawaii; The Queen’s Medical Center); K McKenzie
(Jamaica; Jamaica Hospital); A Choudhry (Syracuse; SUNY Upstate University Hospital).
Yemen, Rep.: MY Abdualqader (Hajjah; Kowaydina hospital); B Alshaikh (Sana’a; Al-Thawra Modern
General Hospital).

Collaborators (listed by country and city):

Albania: B Ibi, S Faber (Korca; Regional Hospital of Korca); I Dajti (Tirana; University hospital Koco
Gliozheni).
Algeria: K Bensmain, ZR Benamrouche , IE Boumakhlouf, IE Boudis, H Abdoun , M Benamrouche , M
Saidani (Algiers; CHU Isaad Hassani); Z Djama, A Chied, HA Mimouni (Constantine; university

12
hospital abdelhamid ben badis); AK Awad, B Radja, B Abdennour , MN Bouhafs, MEA Meghaizerou
(Oran; EHU-1st November 1954).
Argentina: P Carmignani, J Mondino, R Figueroa, J Morales, FR Pascual (Allende, Cordoba;
Sanatorio Allende - Sede Cerro); MA Bequis, F Suldrup, C Korzin, J Napoli , N Feijoo, F Mahnic, ME
Duran, L Chantada, C Brandi, JF Viñas, F Lucero, C Samojeden, LJ Caram, S Bertone, F Corvatta
(Buenos Aires; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires); L Garciandia (Buenos Aires; Hospital Universitario
CEMIC); M Rius, S Matthiess, J Paredes, MC Kalaydjian , A Veira (Buenos Aires; Hospital municipal
de vicente lópez); MA Fernández Zurita, JI Valenzuela (City of Buenos Aires; Hospital Velez
Sarsfield); S Gomez, GR Viscido, MA Doniquian (Cordoba; Clinica Universitaria Reina Fabiola); R
Badra, JS García, CI Ferrero, M Garcia, L Granero (Cordoba; Sanatorio Allende - Sede Nueva
Cordoba); M Pagani (San Francisco; Clinica Regional del Este).
Aruba: M Gosselink, J Ringers (Oranjestad; Dr. Horacio E Oduber Hospital).
Australia: M Lie, B Mao, C Stennard, EMA Murphy, JE Do, M Harris, B Fosh (Adelaide; Northern
Adelaide Local Health Network); M Watson, J Petric, M Maclean, XY Po, M Pham, D Patterson, V
Gunasaegaram, E Hopping, P Holt, JA Duffield (Adelaide; Royal Adelaide Hospital); E Schmidt, R
Colbran (Brisbane; Princess Alexandra Hospital); V Liu, E Tan, JST Tefay, R Shen, S Bowman
(Brisbane; Queen Elizabeth 2 Jubilee Hospital); D Mitchell, M Kelly, A Edmundson (Brisbane; Surgical
Treatment and Rehabilitation Service); H Iswariah, R Franz, M Chandrasegaram, P Yuide, SS Hlaing
(Brisbane; The Prince Charles Hospital (TPCH)); S Abeykoon, D Kaushal (Campbelltown;
Campbelltown Hospital); C Leung (Canberra; Calvary Hospital); S Davis, NF Franco (Canberra;
Canberra Hospital); T Rawther, R McClen, W Petrushnko, E Roussos, K Das (Coffs Harbour NSW;
Coffs Harbour Health Campus); S Stevens, F Alnimri, S McClintock, J Maritz (Colac; Colac Area
Health); S Hariharan, S Laura, B Wang, V Ng, J Linker, A Li, I Dong, R Bhatia, S Cai, WKH Lai, AC
Dawson, SYD Chia, M Binks, N Tran, SHM Ng, D Shen, EWY Lun, E Reid, J Cui, M Roussos
(Gosford; Gosford Hospital); M Issa, M Anandan, P Devlin, U Naidoo (Hamilton; Hamilton Base
Hospital); B Balaravi Pillai, D Abeysirigunawardana , T Parker, T Valizadeh Elizeh (Melbourne;
Angliss Hospital); D Liu, S Ng, J Jones, O Ladlow, JV Maida, D Proud, A Vu, N Shulman, L Bromley,
V Muralidharan, K Hall, C Cheong, C Jamieson-Grigg (Melbourne; Austin Hospital); A Hilder, T
Manickam, L Barnard (Melbourne; Box Hill Hospital); K Jaffry, A Gray, A Lim, R Kattini (Melbourne;
Casey Hospital); M Bickford, S Kenworthy (Melbourne; Knox Private Hospital); A Crowe, J Zhu
(Melbourne; Maroondah Hospital); M Pacilli, A Comella, K Taghavi, R Nataraja, SJA Robinson
(Melbourne; Monash Childrens Hospital); D Lowen, A Khan, S Samadi, S Tan, AL Surkitt, S Condron,
E Haege, E Francis, A Boynes, S Gill, B D’Souza, H Xiao, E Fraser, J Wong, S Fennelly, K Mori, M
Muir, Y Huang, R Pajtak (Melbourne; Northern Hospital); J You, C Banal, T Abelman, N Chen, L
Chong, H Jalilehvand, W Santucci, B McKay (Melbourne; St Vincent’s Hospital); I Murshed, D
Makary, L Green, M Wichmann, A Lim, M Kang, EA Dontoh (Mount Gambier; Mount Gambier and
Districts Health Service); P Walker, A Fani, S Sundararajan, E Downes, A Davis, M Bajwa, R Geow,
KK Sim (Mount Nasura; Armadale Health Service); S Smith, L Peters, S Zhang, ACK Cheung, I
Caitens (Newcastle; Calvary Mater Newcastle); M Ishak, E Zhang, KKA Yu, L Beukes, L Kang, , F
Amico (Newcastle; John Hunter Hospital); M Bowles, E Downing, B Williams, G Cox, V Bakshi

13
(Robina; Robina Hospital); N Ensor (Sale; Sale Hospital / Central Gippsland Health Service); J Ng,
CT Petcu, J Hwang (Southport; Gold Coast University Hospital); TJ Hugh, S Quoy, C Knee, D
Siriwardena, C Tung, G Smith (Sydney; Royal North Shore Hospital); O Camilleri, J Vu, J Hong, C
Cornwell (Sydney; The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital); E Chan, C Killoran, J Mackenzie, D Fry
(Toowoomba; Toowoomba Hospital); V Mahendravarman, A Shanmugalingam, C Li, L Allan, P
Shivashankar, H Pleass (Westmead; Westmead Hospital); V Lin, R McGee, B Bereket Araya, CW Un,
Y De Silva, D Maan, J Wang, M Kwon, R Kibuuka, J Chew, J Siu, J Barklimore (Wyong; Wyong
Public Hospital).
Austria: N Klammer, R Schmidt-Branden, P Tschann, P Horvath (Feldkirch; Landeskrankenhaus
Feldkirch); N Koter, G Moitzi, E Wallner, C Allmer, F Aigner (Graz; Barmherzige Brüder Krankenhaus,
Graz); J Kahn, A Belarmino, R Sucher, V Wolfschluckner, G Singer (Graz; Medical University of
Graz); R Függer, M Biebl, A Punzengruber, H Fehrer (Linz; Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen); A
Binder, E Haiden, P Riedl, M Enßlin (Tulln; Universitätsklinikum Tulln).
Bangladesh: K Nahar, T Akter (Dhaka; Dhaka Medical College Hospital); A Oosterkamp (Dinajpur;
Lamb Hospital).
Benin: G Gbessi, J Avakoudjo, M Fiogbe, P Assouto, SP Chigblo (Cotonou; Centre National
Hospitalier et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga); H Aouagbe Behanzin , M Seto, G Mevognon
(Cotonou; Hopital de Menontin); M Agbadebo, A Hada, SFA Houndji (Dassa-Zoumè; Hôpital de Zone
de Dassa-Zoumè); E Bara (Kandi; Hôpital de zone de Kandi); AB Yevide, ZF Tamou, E Hatangimana,
B Cakpo , R Soglonou (Klouékanme; Hopital de Zone de Klouékanme); TK Hessou, SR Tobome, M
Zounon (Natitingou; Centre Hospitalier Départemental de l’Atacora); AM Hodonou, C Bokossa , F
Hounde , R Alinde (Parakou; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Borgou Alibori); F Dossou, R Goudou,
ACS Toi , G Natchagande (Porto Novo; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Departemental Oueme
Plateau).
Bosnia and Herzegovina: M Stjepanovic (Doboj; Genera Hospital ‘Sveti aposto Luka’ Doboj); O
Čančar, M Pejović (Foča; University Hospital Foča); J Miskovic, M Boras, M Kajic, V Dragisic, Z
Brekalo, I Mikulic, N Soldo, M Bevanda, M Faletar (Mostar; SKB University Clinical Hospital Mostar);
M Salibašić, E Hodžić, E Halilović, M Kruščica, E Bičakčić (Sarajevo; Clinical Center University of
Sarajevo); A Cerovac, H Škiljo, E Hodžić, O Bedak, M Kalabić, E Begunić (Tešanj; General Hospital
Tešanj); A Huremovic, E Alić (Tuzla; University Clinical Center Tuzla).
Brazil: RA Tenfen Carneiro (Francisco Beltrão; Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná).
Bulgaria: D Georgiev, I Fidoshev, V Neykov, E Daleva, I Ilieva (Pleven; Heart and Brain - Pleven
Hospital); M Karamanliev, D Dimitrov, A Shanker, P Vladova, MD Shoshkova, A Mehta, M Abdullahi,
V Ratheesh, V Kamalathevan, C Wiesner, S Shittu, M Galasyuk, S Shanker (Pleven; University
Hospital Dr Georgi Stranski, Medical University - Pleven); M Imirski, A Soumpasis (Plovdiv; MHAT St.
Karidad); E Hadzhieva, D Chakarov (Plovdiv; UMHAT Sveti Georgi); T Yotsov, P Kamenova, A
Vricheva, I Yotsov (Ruse; University Hospital Medika); E Hristova, K Spassov (Sofia; Fifth City
Hospital Sofia - 5th MBAL).
Burkina Faso: A Sanou, M Windsouri, R Doamba, IW Bahikoro , AST Sanon (Ouagadougou;
Tengandogo University Hospital).

14
Burundi: N Ildephonse, N Steve , Y Fulgence , GD Nibogora, C Nimbona , B Paul (Bujumbura; Centre
Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge); G Kazobinka, C Rukundo, N Renovat, E Ndizeye , M Dauphin
(Bujumbura; Kamenge Military Hospital); FF Irakiza, L Niyidukunda, G Nkunguzi, N Oscar, N
Theophile, B Révérien (Bujumbura; Prince Regent Charles Hospital).
Cambodia: S Oum, S Eam (Battambang; Handa Medical Centre).
Cameroon: NS Bibila, NN Cabrel, J Dongmo (Bamenda; Nkwen Baptist Hospital).
Canada: R Spence, G Berger, D Hannedige, C Hoogerboord, A Abidali (Halifax; Queen Elizabeth II);
M Mozel, L Monteiro, R Lertnamvongwan, D Konkin, R Kaur (Port Moody; Eagle Ridge Hospital); M
Mozel, R Lertnamvongwan, L Monteiro, S MacKenzie, D Konkin (Vancouver; Royal Columbian
Hospital).
Chile: MM Modolo, E Sepúlveda, Á Molero, M Perez, LV Torres Bavestrello, ÓA Soublett Rivas , C
Carrillo Sarango, L Paredes, P Sornoza, A Pinto, C González (Santiago; Hospital Barros Luco
Trudeau).
China: J Wang (Guangzhou; The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University).
Colombia: L García-Zambrano, PA Cabrera Rivera, N Paez, SV Agudelo Mendoza, MS Mosquera
Paz, A Kadamani Abiyomaa, CF Roman Ortega, F Casas J, B Guerra (Bogota; Fundacion
Cardioinfantil-IC); JD Molina Marin, C Maya, C Vasquez Maya, B Dieck, F Zapata (Medellin; Clínica
CES); VA Ruiz López, MA Ñañez (Popayan; Hospital Susana Lopez de Valencia); DC Cardona
Gomez, A Rojas, DC Patiño García , LI Bolaños, C Pastás, DA Pérez Muñoz (Popayán; Hospital
Universitario San José).
Croatia: J Mihanovic, I Bacic, D Vukosav , V Žufić, O Jurić, E Dijan, N Jović, I Ćoza, I Rakvin, Z
Katusic, T Soric, I Vidić, D Rukavina (Zadar; Zadar General Hospital); I Separovic, R Radojković, J
Mavrek (Zagreb; University Hospital Centre Zagreb).
Cyprus: M Theodoridou, A Pilavas, R Moukarzel, R Andreou, N Gouvas, K Lambri, S Charitonos , IC
Mylona, G Kokkinos, N Dimitriou, MM El Ghoul Miliotou, V Ioannou, NA Ververidis, N Kalampokis, A
Yiallourou, R Sokratous, D Tsiardas , P Evangelou, D Evripidou, C Thrasyvoulou (Nicosia; Nicosia
General Hospital).
Czech Republic: T Reichelt, P Hudáč (Decin; Krajská zdravotní as - Hospital Decin); K Akter, L
Moolla, F Rudisch, A Ibrahim Hassan, O Ahmad, E ELShennawy, M Shalaby, M Khaled, A Akiba, F
Philips, E Bankart, R Elshennawy, A Al Kaddah, H Al Atassi, S Ashry, N Salgadoe (Hradec Kralove;
Charles University Hospital); L Majerčák , P Levíček, A Lukáč, L Pánči (Ivančice; Hospital Ivančice); J
Roman, L Tulinsky, I Mrazkova, P Ostruszka, A Varga, L Martinek (Ostrava; University Hospital
Ostrava); H Novák, J Woleský, P Francúz (Prague; Motol University Hospital).
Dominican Republic: R Rivas, B Calcaño, J Michel, Y Perez, R Ubiñas, P Garcia-Dubus, S Batista, S
Strachan (Santo Domingo; CEDIMAT - Centro de Diagnóstico, Medicina Avanzada, Laboratorio y
Telemedicina).
Egypt: Y Tanas, Y Kerolous, Y El Okazy, M Mokhtar, M Lotfy, M AL Sayed, H Altabbaa, AGMM
Abouelnagah, O Al Shaqran, D M. Awad, A Sabry, G Nagy, E Amer, M Khalil, A El Shamarka, B
Sharaf eldin, AAA Aboshosha, A Farrag, H Sherif Farouk Ahmed Hassan, Y Badr (Alexandria;
Alexandria Main University Hospital); Y Orabi, M Kamal matter, A Alrifaee (Alexandria; Alexandria

15
Medical Research Institute); M Elnour , M Zahran, A Aladl, M Bahnacy, Y Seada, M Kotb, A Ragab, Y
Farag, L Khalifa, M Elmiesiry , D Abdalaziz, I Maharem, O AbouHiekal, O Hany, S Hanna, Y Dean, A
Faisal (Alexandria; Smouha University Hospital); M Mostafa, I Ali, T Sabra, H Ibrahim , A K. Ali, M
Osman , A Eltayeb (Assiut; Assiut University Children Hospital); A Morad, MO Herdan , A Abdelshafi,
M M. Nathan, M Shalkamy, M Hamada Takrouney, R Sayad, FA Monib, A A Elhars, MM Saad, A
Rashad Temerik, AM Abbas, O Mohamed Mokbel, E AbdElBaset, A Barakat, Z Bady, S Arafa, Z
Osama, A Elzanaty , S Salama (Assiut; Assiut University Hospital); MEM Madany (Aswan; Aswan
University Hospital, Aswan University); A Khaity , R Adel Diab, A Ghazal, A Ehab, A Abd Elsattar
(Cairo; Al Zahraa University Hospital); A El-bastwesy (Cairo; Al-Azhar University Hospitals); A Eisa, M
Elesseily, R Radwan, Y Asar, D Waleed, S Tawfik , AF Nixon Fulli , MJI Albert, A Autiak Ayii Chol, AR
AbdelHalim, B Azhar, H Al-derume , M Alqadasi, N Alasbahi (Cairo; Cairo University Children’s
Hospitals (CUSPH & CUCH)); H Abozied, Y Ashour, Y Mohamed , M Abdelmaboud, H Abdelazim,
AES El kady, M Omar, A Haty, M Abd Al-Fattah, I Tagreda , IM Kereet, AG Montaser, M Faisal, M
Masoud , M ElSayed Metwally (Cairo; EL-Hussein University Hospital, Al-Azhar University, Faculty Of
Medicine); ASM Abdelrahman, S Mansour (Cairo; Giza International Hospital); A Nabil, MMA Marei, A
Elmosalamy, L ElGebaly, AM Allam, T Awad, H Taher, K Fayed, M Abdelfattah, DH Khattab, N Ali, A
Saleh, K Nassim, NK Aly, I Abo Elhagag, M Doss, M Elzayat, Y Samer Morsy, M ElFiky (Cairo; Kasr
Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University); M Erfan, M Zaazou , M Reda, M Kouta, M Mohamad
Amin, I Guirguis, H Amir , S Aboseif, M Abdelhafez, O Agha, A Khairy , A Dawoud, M Hamoud
Almahly, S Mostafa Yassin , A El-Sherbiney, A Adel, H Foda, D Ahmed, AS Elkhodary , AA Mansour
(Giza; The Memorial Soaad Kafafi University Hospital); A Elghrieb, M Natey, A Elshazli Mahmoud , A
Khalleefah, H Elfeki, M Shalaby, M Sadek, M Abdelmaksoud, M Mostafa, M Waseem, A Adel, A
Azam, A Sakr, A Sanad, ‫( م عبدالفتاح‬Mansoura; Mansoura University Hospital); H Foad, S Elnoamany, S
Selim, DS Alrokh, A Hassanin (Menofia; Menofia University Hospital); M Alansary (Qena; Qena
University Hospital); A Ragheb, M Fahmy , M Mehanny (Sohag; Sohag University Hospital); AGE
Aboelnasr, KMG Mohammed, M Eissa, S Allam, M Kamar (Tanta; Tanta University Hospital); A Asla
(Zagazig; Al Ahrar Zagazig Teaching Hospital).
Ethiopia: F Terefe, WA Zerefa, E Gallo , A Yingess, T Kebede, M Mesfin, G Alemayehu , SM Djote, T
Girma, DA Muhie (Addis Ababa; Yekatit 12 hospital medical college); E Yeshialem, G Seyfu, F Tsige,
A Yeshitila, N Solomon (Deberebirhan; Hakim Gizaw Hospital); M Worku, S Lakew, Y Melkamu, ST
Workineh, M Beletachew (Dessie; Dessie Referral Hospital); B Mengesha, G Getachew , I Tesfahun,
M Teressa , BG Chiman, AB Aregawi (Hawassa; Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized
Hospital); N S.Bayleyegn, YY Metaferia, TG Moges, D Mengiste, A Teshome Sahilemariam (Jimma;
Jimma University Medical Center); B Sime, T Jemal (Yirgalem; Yirgalem Hospital Medical College).
France: E Volpin, H Braham, C Lionel, R Arena, Y Malki (Eaubonne; Hôpital Simone Veil); M
Bertrand, A Castaldi, L Theuil, A L’Hostis, M Prudhomme (Nimes; Hôpital Carèmeau); P Riva, A
Lapergola, D Mutter, S Perretta (Strasbourg; Nouvel Hopital Civil de Strasbourg).
Gabon: PC Nze Obiang (Libreville; Centre Hospitalier universitaire mère enfant Fondation Jeanne
Ebori).

16
Georgia: Z Demetrashvili, G Devidze, G Pisarevi, L Petashvili, E Ekaladze, N Lekiashvili, I Pipia, A
Tvaladze, G Kenchadze, K Khutsishvili (Tbilisi; N.Kipshidze Central University Clinic).
Germany: LD Lee (Berlin; Park-Klinik Weissensee); J Binder, A Denz, C Krautz, M Brunner, M Maak,
GF Weber, A Stollberg, D Hackner, S Engel, F Krämer, R Grützmann (Erlangen; Universitätsklinikum
Erlangen); M Schüler, J Kleeff, R Rüdrich (Halle; University Hospital Halle); A Kirschniak, J Rolinger,
S Göller, L Van den Hil , J Miller, H Pehlivan (Moenchengladbach; Kliniken Maria Hilf); M Kießler, N
Hüser, D Schippers, M Berlet, M Steffani, M Weber (Munich; Klinikum Rechts der Isar TUM School of
Medicine); N Börner, M Albertsmeier, H Arbogast, M Mattis, S Jarmusch, P Zimmermann, U Wirth
(Munich; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich - Großhadern); F Anzinger (Munich; Ludwig
Maximilian University of Munich - Innenstadt); FG Bader, M Sohn, ML Koschke, M Busch , N
Hielscher (München; Isarklinikum); A Brosin, J Lindert, M Philipp, M Gumsheimer, F Wiese (Rostock;
University Hospital Rostock); L Sahan, GA Stavrou, J De Deken, M Jabal (Saarbruecken; Klinikum
Saarbruecken); MW Löffler, A Königsrainer, M Quante, C Yurttas (Tuebingen; University Hospital
Tuebingen).
Ghana: R Armah, NA Christian, D Daary, S Akuffo, A Twumasi, AD Andani , J Oppong, E Agbowada,
J Daleku, J Ampadu, W Afedo, Z Robertson, A Obbeng, DN Lee, D Ofosuhene (Accra; Greater Accra
Regional Hospital); GD Brown, F Osman, FJ Eshun, C Banka, I Amankwaa, E Ametefe , G Owusu, J
Nyamekye - Baidoo , O Okrah, G Birikorang, P Kumassah, J Dei-Asamoa, J Annan, C Akli-Nartey , D
Alifoe , S Tsatsu, C Ansah Larbi, U Una, K Yalley, A Bediako Bowan (Accra; Korle-Bu Teaching
Hospital); KB Oduro-Boateng , S Anim , H Adjei, S Dognia , A Oppong , C Markin, JL Ahale, NKA
Obuobi (Accra; Pentecost Hospital); S Agana , EB Akakpo, F Galley (Ankaful; Ankaful Leprosy
General Hospital); FE Gyamfi, S Segnitome , S Agordjor , D Adjei, D Kyeremeh, Y Sarpong, F Opoku
Twene, CK Ntow-Boahen, SAA Atupra , V Siepaal , IN Bakaweri, AJ Tabiim , R Agyei Boakye, A
Asare Twumasi (Berekum; Berekum Holy Family Hospital); R Akankoatuesi Apatewen, U Kanyan
Kassim , B Owusu Ansah, F Amoako (Bolgatanga; Upper East Regional Hospital); V Kudoh, K
Boakye-Acheampong , B Boakye, R Kpangkpari, MT Morna, GA Rahman , EO Ofori, L Adagrah
Aniakwo, M Amoako-Boateng , D T. Enti, S Debrah, M Nortey, P Koggoh , P Mensah, MM Agyapong,
T Agyen, V Etwire, Y Adofo-Asamoah , S Yussif, M Yigah (Cape-Coast; Cape Coast Teaching
Hospital); B Maanikuu, F Kuubetersob B. N, D Powell, A Gbeadese , F Tierenye (Damongo; St.
Anne’s Hospital); EA Nachelleh, DYD Agbley , N Jiagge , R Akpaka, D Labadah, N Naabo, R
Guzmán Lambert, FJ Eshun, P Ntem, E Setsoafia, N Affram, BY Hernandez Cervantes, DB Osei, K
Ewool, F Nyarko, MA Ali, MA Oyortey, I Hagbevor, ME Ashong , JN Anyorigiya (Ho; Ho Teaching
Hospital); J Yorke, A Lovi, EO Osei, PA Boateng, R Oppong-Amoah, K Agbedinu, C Dally, SG Brenu,
F Galley, FM Agbemafoh, I Kyei, C Aboah, AY Appiah-Kubi, B Nimako, M Aikins, M Adinku , A
Opoku-Agyapong, J Adjei, R Sagoe (Kumasi; Komfo-Anokye Teaching Hospital); A Gyedu, PK
Boateng, S Mensah, E Frimpong-manso (Kumasi; University Hospital, KNUST); P Taah-Amoako, S
Tabiri (Nsawkaw; Tain District Hospital); F Owusu, P Yeboah Owusu (Sunyani; Brong-Ahafo Regional
Hospital); EMT Yenli, AS Seidu, M Dason , M Amadu, GA Adoro, M Kyereh, I Osman , J Quansah, C
Doku, A Darkwa Boateng, AM Muntaka, MA Dokurugu, R Nesco, M Yahaya, EDF Konlan, A Issaka,
RA Ramirez Calas , M Sheriff, M Dery, V Dassah (Tamale; Tamale Teaching Hospital); BK Seshie, F

17
Caiquo, M Dum, L Ackam, K Yalley, FDA Agbodo, A Baiden Amissah, D Ashitey , LD Bray, J Ofori, M
Ishak (Tema; Tema General Hospital); G Ansong (Walewale; Walewale Government Hospital).
Greece: I Gogoulis, K Bekiaridou, A Mitsala, S Botaitis, C Tsalikidis, M Asimakidou, C Nikolaou, E
Efremidou, C Limas, P Chloropoulou, M Aggelidou, M Pitiakoudis, P Kostoglou, G Pappas Gogos, M
Karanikas (Alexandroupolis; Alexandroupolis University General Hospital); E Kapasakis, M Karakeke,
A Skarpas, C Floros, K Athanassiou, E Karakeke (Amfissa; General Hospital of Amfissa); N Tasis, A
Sarafi, A Plastiras, G Kavalieratos, T Tsirlis (Athens; Agios Savvas Anticancer Hospital); L
Chardalias, N Memos, V Themelidi, I Papaconstantinou, T Theodosopoulos, D Politis, K Iliakopoulos,
K Bramis, P Antonakis, A Skreka, D Kotsaris, N Dafnios, A Vezakis, I Contis, T Petropoulou, KC
Kordeni, T Kozonis, G Fragulidis, D Massaras (Athens; Aretaieion Hospital); E Apostolopoulos, I
Karatsolis, A Mourtzouni, K Avgerinos, D Kelgiorgi, K Polychronopoulos, G Kostoulas, A
Tsechpenakis, A Saridaki (Athens; Athens Euroclinic); A Ioannidis, C Chouliaras, I Tierris, MK
Konstantinidis (Athens; Athens Medical Center); DK Manatakis, D Balalis, N Stamos, N Tasis, V
Kalles (Athens; Athens Naval and Veterans Hospital); T Sidiropoulos, M Papadoliopoulou, N
Arkadopoulos, D Sampanis, P Vassiliu, E Dylja, AI Nikolaou, I Margaris, P Kokoropoulos, V Tsaousis,
S Christodoulou, E Poulios, A Chamzin (Athens; Attikon University General Hospital); S Kapiris, E
Mavrodimitraki, M Sotiropoulou, N Dimitrokallis, N Papadogianni, V Vougas, M Papamichail, K
Rekouna, K Pavlopoulos, N Roukounakis, A Thanasa, P Trakosari, M Christou, E Saitoglou (Athens;
Evaggelismos General Hospital); C Nastos, D Dellaportas, P Lykoudis, N Garmpis, G Kouraklis
(Athens; Evgenideio Hospital); P Christodoulou, G Kapogiannatos, A Nikitaras, SM Tsoti, J Katogiritis
(Athens; General Hospital Asklepieio Voulas); EC Tampaki, C Papazacharias, O Bellou (Athens; KAT
Athens General Hospital); N Machairas, P Dorovinis, C Doudakmanis, D Schizas, A Syllaios, MD
Keramida, P Stamopoulos, S Davakis, M Despotidis, A Panagakis, S Kykalos, F Stavratis, M Vailas, L
Karydakis, N Kydonakis, A Loizou, KS Giannakopoulos, P Sakarellos, A Kozadinos, I Katsaros
(Athens; Laiko University Hospital); C Damaskos, E Antoniou, M Mavri, I Psilopatis, S Vernadakis , I
Bokos, P Paraskeva, D Vardakostas, I Gomatos, A Barlas, A Smyrnis, D Prevezanos, NN
Mathioudakis, I Kozadinos, A Kozadinos, P Kanavidis, N Garmpis (Athens; National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens); E Spartalis, M Spartalis (Athens; Sotiria General Hospital of Thoracic
Diseases); C Stefanou, S Gkogkos, L Fountoulis, I Sougkas, M Billis, A Kontokostopoulos, A Balta, T
Padioti , MA Sotiriou, A Theochari (Filiates; General Hospital of Filiates); N Tsakiridis, I Tsakiridis, E
Synekidou (Florina; Florina General Hospital ‘Eleni Th. Dimitriou’); E Athanasopoulou, C Ntagkas, E
Samara, A Katsiou (Ioannina; University Hospital of Ioannina); D Panagopoulos, A Panagopoulos, L
Katsiaras (Kyparissia; General Hospital of Messinia, Hospital Unit of Kyparissia); C Kolla, L Mansour,
G Koukoulis, S Zourntou, D Papageorgouli, K Bouliaris, LI Fountarlis, M Bei, AA Kalidis, X Vagena, A
Gkouniaroudi, A Migdanis, A Bakalis, E Gavriil (Larissa; General Hospital of Larissa ‘Koutlimpaneio
and Triantafylleio’); K Koumarelas, MN Kouliou (Larrisa; General University Hospital of Larissa); K
Bouchagier, F Mulita, G Verras, G Skroubis, I Maroulis (Patras; General University Hospital of
Patras); V Mousafeiris, A Panagidis (Patras; Karamandaneio Prefecture Children Hospital of Patras);
A Papadopoulos, P Grivas, F Spanos, A Kalogeropoulou , G Zeringa, C Kourouniotis, G Rados, E
Barkolias , K Zakkas, I Demiris, V Nikolaou, K Tata, G Karakaidos (Piraeus; General Hospital of

18
Nikaia); E Kontis, E Papamattheou, A Efstathiou, E Efstathiou, N Kopanakis, K Ntatsis, I Katsaros, P
Manikis, V Tselepidis, M Kyriazi (Piraeus; Metaxa Cancer Hospital); I Siannis, N Kouzakos, V
Georgilaki , N Vlachakos, S Vederaki, A Tsiaka, A Zarafidou, N Zampitis, S Tsatsos, F Stefou, F
Kyramargios, M Merrakos, G Bekakos, A Marinis (Piraeus; Tzaneio General Hospital); O Ioannidis, E
Anestiadou, K Zapsalis, S Simeonidis, S Bitsianis (Thessaloniki; George Papanikolaou General
Hospital of Thessaloniki); M Drogouti, A Gkoutoula, A Sarakatsanos, E Efthymiou, I Chatzis
(Thessaloniki; O Agios Dimitrios General Hospital); I Spyridakis, C Kaselas, M Tsopozidi, M Florou, C
Demiri, V Papadopoulos, D Giakoustidis, A Giakoustidis, D Alexandrou, P Chatzikomnitsa
(Thessaloniki; Papageorgiou General Hospital); SC Liapis, K Perivoliotis, C Chatzinikolaou, N
Tsantikos, ZR Karampotaki , D Lytras (Volos; Achillopoyleio General Hospital of Volos).
Guatemala: M Aguilera-Arevalo, M Rodríguez-Ordoñez, DA Sosa Méndez, M Sebastián-Mendoza,
TA Salazar-Lorenzana, R Herrera, DE Reyes Rodríguez, P Vásquez , S Morales , J Gomez , C
García-Salas, JR Asturias Luna, J Tabora-Zepeda, S Vasquez, JR Hernández , JOM Herrera Batres ,
D Muñoz, E Ayala , O Coyoy-Gaitán (Guatemala City; Hospital General San Juan De Dios); JB
Pellecer Cano, DA Palma Portillo, M Blanco (Guatemala City; Hospital Juan Jose Arevalo Bermejo);
D Herrera, SA Villeda , O Lima Azurdia (Guatemala City; Hospital de Referencia Nacional de
Enfermedades Respiratorias).
India: S Jp, M Bhat, A Raheja, I Shariff, H Anand , B R Budihal, S Kashyap, B Arya, Y M S, N
Krishnappa (Bangalore, Karnataka; BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences); M Manangi, P
Anandan, S Shivashankar chikkanayakanahalli, S Kumar Venkatappa (Bangalore; Victoria Hospital);
TS Mishra, P Kumar, M Gureh, MK Sethi, AA Asharaf (Bhubaneswar; All India Institute Of Medical
Sciences - Bhubaneswar); Y Sakaray, S Irrinki, S Subbiah Nagaraj, S Khare, C Tandup (Chandigarh;
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India); M K B, AB
Muthunayagam, A Prasath S V , P Arunachalam, P John (Coimbatore; PSG Institute of Medical
Sciences and Research); S Raul, R Vakil, R Sinha, E Dvivedi, A Thomas, S Joseph, A Sharma, B
Khan, D Chatterjee (DELHI; St Stephen’s Hospital); R Gupta, A Khanduri, S Singh, DH Tyagi , U
Daspal, N Rawal, R Varshney (Dehradun; Synergy Institute of Medical Sciences); M Luthra, R Handa,
S Basu , P Chadha, R Sethi (Delhi; Holy Family Hospital); T Longkumer, KK Mishra, S
Sundaramurthy, S Kumar, D Phom, J Kaippally, D Ommi, L Imchen, T Alinger (Dimapur; Christian
Institute of Health Sciences and Research); A Chhabra, A Kumar (Faridkot; Guru Gobind Singh
Medical College & Hospital (Baba Farid University of Health Sciences)); B Kharga, M Sarda, K Bhutia
(Gangtok; Sir Thutob Namgyal Memorial Hospital Sochakgang); N Sharma, MS Rodha, N Banerjee, A
Baksi, S Kaur, R Chaudhary, M Lodha, SP Meena, M Badkur, I Singh, A Sinha, KJ Rathod, R
Saxena, J Tk, A Vig, M Pathak, A Sukhdev Jadhav, S Nayak, T Motiwala, K Shreyas (Jodhpur; All
India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur); SR Pathan, J Rathod, C Agarwal, K Sharma, S
Pandya (Karamsad; Shree Krishna Hospital); A Anand, A Kumar, HS Pahwa, AA Sonkar, MK
Agrawal, AK Pal (Lucknow; King George’s Medical University); D Jain, PD Haque, V Michael, W
Bhatti, J Dhiman, DRS Thind, A Bhatt, P Gupta, A Luther, S Khurana, RR Ranadive, A Suroy, H Kaur,
S D A, P Shukla (Ludhiana; Christian Medical College & Hospital); NK Chaudhry, DA Hajela, P Patel,
PK Arya, DD Dhawan, DR Tripathi, KK Luthra, A Kumar, DH Gupta (Ludhiana; Satguru Partap Singh

19
Hospital); A Mathew, C Pun, P Dummala, M Gurung (Madhepura; Madhepura Christian Hospital); P
Alexander, N Aruldas (Manali; Lady Willingdon Hospital); PS Prabhu, S Payyanur Thotan, B L, B Sv
(Manipal; Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal); RD Sharma, R Redkar, R Nathani, S
Karmarkar, A Sharma, S Singh, S Achugatla, A Bangar, DD Kulkarni, K Raghuwanshi, DN Nikam, SN
Mahendra (Mumbai; Lilavati Hospital & Research Centre); B Sarang, D Belekar, K Gaikwad (Mumbai;
Terna Medical College and Hospital); A John, PA Thomas, L Pramod, D Gavit, D Singh (Nandurbar;
Chinchpada Christian Hospital); N Kansakar, N Gupta, N Kapur, N Narain (New Delhi; ABVIMS Dr
RML Hospital); S Kulkarni (New Delhi; Army Hospital Research & Referral New Delhi); T Rashid, M
Husain, F Tauheed, SV Manzoor , S Ohri (New Delhi; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences &
Research); L Bains, P Lal, S Neogi, A Mishra, S Ahuja (New Delhi; Maulana Azad Medical College); T
Iahmo, M George, M Singh , P Waghchoure, A Choudhrie (Padhar; Padhar Hospital); A Kumar, M
Aggarwal, V Kanna D, S Vembar, TP Singh, DS Walia, V Singh, G Kaur, A Jindal, P Dhamija (Patiala;
Government Medical College Patiala); M Kumar, A Sinha, AK Jha, M Sharma, A Bhadani (Patna; All
India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna); R Abhinaya, U Kumbhar, A Jain, S Chilaka , S P
(Pondicherry; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research); VS Jha, A
Jayapalan, Y Vashishth, G Jalal, VV Nair, C Raphael , HK Prabhakar, Z Khan (Pune; Command
Hospital, Southern Command); D Dugar, D Mohanty, TDB Tridip, DR Ramchandani (Raipur; All India
Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur); S Basu, N Kumar, AG Goswami, H Panga, D Mallik, A Gupta, D
Rajput, R Anjum T Siddeek, P Manjunath, S Edem, F Huda, SK Singh, S Karuppusamy Krishnasamy,
S Katragadda, KMR Reddy, I Ahmed, E Yhoshu, L Manoj Joshua, A Das, P Kothari (Rishikesh; All
India Institute Of Medical Sciences); K Singh , SS Malhi, R Kaur, HK Cheema, M Singh, N Saini, M
Gupta, A Bhatti, A Gupta, P Kaur, N Pahuja , H Kaur, S Chopra, B Sehgal, G Singh (SAS Nagar
(Mohali) ; BR Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences Mohali); DS Kshirsagar, M Kaple, G
Saxena, S Dhole, A Bhargava, C Mahakalkar, S Deshpande (Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha; Acharya
Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital); R Wani, RA Dar, AA Malik, N Bhat, ZA Shah, GA Bhat (Srinagar; Sher-
i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences); S Kondpan, A Kutma, JA Kalyanapu (Tezpur; Baptist
Christian Hospital); A Sundaram, K J B, R Krishna raj, G George, M Chisthi, H Jafarkhan, I P s, U
Govindan, MKL K S D, C Narayan, G Pillai, VV Kollengode, D Jabbar (Thiruvananthapuram;
Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram); T Tony V, A Nair, A Kavalakat, A Moncy, A
Johnson, A Joseph, A Appukuttan, A J, AN Oommen, S Francis, S M, N Srinivas, M Narayanan
(Thrissur; Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute); T Devabalan Koil, MR Jesudason, Y
Myla, ASP Dhinakar, A Tirkey, B Roopavathana. S, R Mittal, S Surendran, N Paul Ambrose, D
Joshiba, P Trinity, R Raghunath, NP Paul Sigamony, PY George, R Philip Sridhar, S Chase, SJ
Arthur (Vellore; Christian Medical College & Hospital).
Iran, Islamic Rep.: N Yousefzadeh Kandevani (Bastak; Farabi hospital); M Pourfridoni, H Askarpour,
H Mohammadi sardoo, AA Kheirkhah Vakilabad, M Ali-Hassanzadeh (Jiroft; Imam Khomeini
Hospital).
Iraq: R Raheem Attallah Al_obaidy (Anbar; Heet General hospital); Z Alkhuzaie, S Salim , FRH
Hassooni (Najaf; Al Batool private hospital); Y Zwain , HMA Oneizah, S Razaq, M Razaq, HHZ .zaini
(Najaf; Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Teaching Hospital).

20
Ireland: E Colton, KE Oderoha, A Gill, S Ramjit, F Ghazali, K Griffin, R Ahmed, C Weadick, S Nair, V
Sharma, C Donohoe (Dublin; St James’s Hospital); R Tummon, B Maguire, S Wrenn, R Habib, P
Owens (Kerry; University Hospital Kerry).
Israel: A Shweiki, G Szydlo Shein, G Almogy, Y Mintz, A Pikarsky, R Elazary, O Cohen-Arazi, JA
Demma, H Mahajna, B Helou, Y Fishman, G Marom (Jerusalem; Hadassah Medical Center).
Italy: M De Prizio, K Kröning, R Sulce, LM Fatucchi, F Tofani, V Mariottini, R Malatesti, M Scricciolo,
GA Pellicano’, A D’Ignazio, A Mazzoni, A Biancafarina, M Angelini, V Borgogni (Arezzo; Ospedale
San Donato USL Toscana Sud Est); L Rossi, G Munzi, G Tarantino, M Castrovillari, A Serao , JR
Casella Mariolo, G Del Corpo, A Natili, A Iodice (Ariccia; Ospedale dei Castelli (N.O.C.)); S Gargiulo,
B Esposito, M Pannullo, L Bracciano, E Marra, A Alberico (Aversa; San Giuseppe Moscati); A Gori, S
Cardelli, G Dajti, C Larotonda, IS Russo (Bologna; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di
Bologna); J Andreuccetti, S Molfino, D Alberti, G Pignata, G Emiliani, G Boroni, M Ruffoli, M
Manfredini, L Sequi, G Zanni (Brescia; ASST Spedali Civili, Ospedale di Brescia); E Locci, M Podda,
V Murzi, C Piras , A Carta, A Pisanu, T Pilia, P Marongiu, A Saba, M Pisano, F Campus, E Gessa, E
Silanos, A Lai, F Frongia, F Corronca , S Montisci (Cagliari; Cagliari University Hospital); F
Cappellacci, C Soddu, GL Canu, F Medas, PG Calò, S Puddu, M Biancu, M Abbas, F Casti (Cagliari;
Chirurgia Generale e Polispecialistica, Cagliari University Ospital ‘Duilio Casula’); B Demurtas, A
Deserra, F D’Agostino, C Margiani (Cagliari; Santissima Trinità - ATS Sardegna); L Laface, M Casati,
M Mariani, S Guarriello, A Balconi (Carate Brianza (MB); Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele III - Carate
Brianza); B Scotto, N Laquatra, R Ruccella, G De Angeli (Carpi; Ramazzini); G Gravante, A Chiappini
, R Lopatriello, G Mammolo (Casarano; Francesco Ferrari Hospital); C Distefano, G Riccioli, R
Granata, M Veroux, DC Centonze, S Costa, R Gioco, D Zerbo, A Licciardello, L Stella (Catania;
Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria Policlinico San Marco); L Rende, M Osso, D Paglione, F Pata
(Cosenza; Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza); D Sasia, G Giraudo, D Ribero, S Alberti, V Schirinzi
(Cuneo; Santa Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo); P Belotti, L Taglietti (Esine; ASST Valcamonica
Ospedale di Esine); V Giordano, A Pesce, CV Feo, MC Pignanelli, S Severi (Ferrara; Azienda Unità
Sanitaria Locale di Ferrara); F Cammelli, F Natali, M Scheiterle, G Maltinti, L Fortuna, F Coratti, A
Manetti , J Martellucci, E Monati (Firenze; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi); L Gabellini, R
Fratarcangeli, A Damigella, E Adinolfi, A Anastasi (Firenze; Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio); M
Montagna, A Giuliani, G Procaccini, N Tartaglia, F Vovola, D Merlicco, S Schirone , ST Massa, G
Pavone, M Pacilli, F Maffei, A Gerundo (Foggia; Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria);
D Di Pietrantonio, S Quartarone , L Solaini, G Ercolani, L Ragazzini, V Zucchini (Forlì; Morgagni-
Pierantoni); M Cammelli, D Scotto Di Carlo, FAN Marin (Garbagnate Milanese; ASST Rhodense -
Ospedale di Garbagnate Milanese); A Azzinnaro, A Razzore, A Petrungaro, E Mina, B Sperotto
(Genoa; E.O. Ospedali Galliera); G Carganico, D Pertile, D Soriero (Genoa; IRCCS Ospedale
Policlinico San Martino); R Diaz, A Luzzi, S Carrabetta, C Meola, D Caruso, F Floris, P Grondona, E
Romairone, S Marzorati, F Ré, C Righetti, A Viacava, L Epis (Genoa; Ospedale Villa Scassi); R
Sampietro, D Gobatti, C Zandonella (Gravedona ed Uniti; Ospedale Moriggia Pelascini); VP Dinuzzi,
U Rivolta, S Luciano, GMF Marini, L Scaravilli (Magenta; Ospedale ‘G.Fornaroli’, ASST-OVEST
Milanese); R Magarini, G Saletta, AC Sironi, G Grava, M Mercurio (Melzo; Ospedale Santa Maria

21
delle Stelle, ASST Melegnano Martesana); D Zulian, A Izzo, M Gritti, S Giudici, E Desiato (Milan;
Humanitas Research Hospital); M Molteni, L Ottaviani (Milan; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute,
Milan); G Grande, E Mazzotta (Milan; Ospedale Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico); S Grimaldi (Milan; San
Carlo Borromeo); F Brucchi, F Ferraina, S Lauricella (Milan; Sesto San Giovanni Hospital); E Di
Marco (Modica; Ospedale Maggiore); LC Nespoli, G De Carlo, EA Baccalini, D Palmisano, A Scacchi,
N Tamini, L Ripamonti, M Rennis, C Vitiello, A Davolio, L Degrate, P Masseria, V Brocco, P
Chiacchio, M Ceresoli, E Signaroli, A Finocchio, C Fumagalli, M Binda (Monza; Fondazione IRCCS
San Gerardo dei Tintori Monza, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Milano Bicocca); M Milone,
M Manigrasso, S Vertaldi, A D’Amore, GD De Palma, A Marello, L Fedele, C Sorrentino, D Pignatelli ,
G Luglio, FP Tropeano, M Cricrì, A Miele, G Aprea, G Palomba, M Capuano, R Basile, G Sorrentino
(Naples; Federico II University of Naples); D Rega, A Ottaiano, V Granata, A Belli, F Izzo (Naples;
Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione, Pascale IRCCS); G Pellino, D Massaro, V Mosca, F Selvaggi
(Naples; Primo Policlinico di Napoli); G Bellio, L Rubin, N De Santis, N Schiavon, A Zerbinati, S
Corso, C Cecconi (Padova; Piove di Sacco Hospital); P Venturelli, G Cocorullo, G Carollo, R Tutino, A
Bonelli, G Salamone, MP Proclamà, R Guercio, L Licari, N Finocchiaro, G Graziano, G Orlando, G
Guercio, M Marcianò, G Galatioto, F Vassallo (Palermo; Policlinico Universitario Paolo Giaccone); G
Palmieri, F Banchini (Piacenza; G. Da Saliceto); G Di Franco, F Porcelli, N Furbetta, A Comandatore,
S Guadagni, M Palmeri (Pisa; Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana); P Ubiali, F Maffeis, J
Velkoski (Pordenone; Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale (AS FO)); M Giuffrida, GE Nita (Reggio
Emilia; Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia); C Marafante, M Garino, SL Birolo ,
M Dugo, M Pisano, A Borello, R Barone, LD Bonomo, MV Facchino, M Caccetta, E Moggia, MR
D’Anna, C Mosca, S Mungo, A Masciandaro (Rivoli; Ospedale degli Infermi di Rivoli); F Tirelli, I Neri ,
M Aulicino, C Vacca (Rome; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli); M Campanelli, M
Grande, L Siragusa, G Sica (Rome; Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital, Rome); A Mingoli, G Brachini, B
Cirillo, S Meneghini, S Giovampietro , G Duranti, F Ciccarone, L Simonelli, I Clementi, B Binda, GB
Fonsi, E Spalice , E Cianci, MI Bellini, G Sgarzini, S Sorrenti, E Lori, P Palumbo, D Pironi (Rome;
Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome); A Amendola, C De Martino, E Bisogno (Salerno;
San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona); S Di Saverio, A Morello, L Lely, I Merlini, G Travaglini , S
Sabbatini, M Zambon (San Benedetto del Tronto; Madonna del Soccorso Hospital); D Giulitti, L Barni,
GE Poto (Sansepolcro; Valtiberina); D Fusario, L Resca, L Carbone, A Francia, GE Poto, AL Pesce,
O Carpineto Samorani, F Roviello, A Ongaro, SA Piccioni, M Gambelli, L Catozzi, M Gjoka, A
Bartalini Cinughi de Pazzi, NN Leonelle Lore, G Grassi, F Manasci, V Ricchiuti (Siena; Azienda
Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese); E Basile, A Spaziani (Spoleto (PG); San Matteo degli Infermi); V
Silvestri, M Favoriti, P Favoriti (Sulmona; SS Annunziata); S Novello, M Piccino, R Baldan, U Grossi,
G Zanus, F Scolari, E De Leo, M Brizzolari, A Brun-Peressut, I Hoxhaj, M Scopelliti (Treviso;
Ospedale Ca’ Foncello - Università di Padova (DISCOG)); LB Lo Piccolo, E Montanari, D Cianflocca,
A Marano, S Galati, SL Gamba, F Velluti, A Caltagirone, M Giuliano , E Potenza, B De Zolt Ponte, D
Visconti, VU De Donato, L Capello, S Chaifouroosh Mamagany, C Celano (Turin; Città della Salute e
della Scienza); E Donnarumma, C Saviello, R Scola (Vallo Della Lucania; Casa di Cura Prof. Dott.
Luigi Cobellis); S Megna, M Berselli, N Palamara, L Liepa, E Ferri (Varese Lombardy; University of

22
Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi (Varese)); V Gentilino, M Mogiatti, G Farris, N
Pasqua (Varese; Filippo Del Ponte Hospital, University of Insubria); A Iacomino (Venezia; Ospedale
Civile - Santi Giovanni e Paolo); I Mondi, C Da Lio, F Sulo, E Ciccioli, D Verdi (Venice; Mirano
Hospital); M Martorana, M Filardo, L Schiavone (Voghera; Ospedale Civile di Voghera); I
Conversano, M Cappiello, G Scialandrone, N Petrarota, R Tumolo (andria; Lorenzo Bonomo); M
Angelucci, S Valeri, G Pascarella, A Strumia, R Alloni (rome; policlinico universitario campus bio
medico of rome); D Muschitiello, V Morinelli, L Bonello, SG Intini, S Moschella (udine; santa maria
della misericordia).
Japan: H Kato, A Horiguchi, D Koike, Y Asano (Aichi; Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital).
Jordan: S Alananzeh, S Al Momani, M Tanashat, O Altobaishat, S Alsmadi, N Al RABADI, L Sweidan
(Ajloun; Al Iman Hospital); Z Alnajjar, G Alsheikh, N Mosleh, H Alzuhd, R Alkhatib, H Al-Abdallat, M
Aljarawn, T Aloqaili, I Nadi, A Abdllah, O Al-Fahel, R Khalil, M Said, A Qasem, H Al-Fahel, M Hijazi, R
Rabah, A Alaqtash, DB Badwan (Amman; Al-Basheer Hospital); Y Alawneh (Amman; Ibn Al Haitham
Hospital); B Alrayes, M Salah, M Al-Qannas, H Abu Obead, I Alnimer, Y Alawneh, M Almaletti
(Amman; Islamic Hospital); A Khamees, R Yousef Yassin, A Alsheikh, K Al-Shami, E Abu Siam, O
Sarhan, KA Sawaftah, MAM Sawaftah, MA Sawaftah, M Sabri Massadi, Z Al-sheikh ali, N Raiq, O
Ibrahim, J Al Karmi, M Diab, I Aburumman , AA Altawaiha , M Hasan, A AlZu’bi, L Yasin, B Yacoub
(Amman; Jordan University Hospital); R Abu Salah, M Alqedrh , S Abu khousa, MEH Albanna
(Amman; Marka Specialty Hospital); R Hussam Yacoub Hattar, D Samardali, R Refaie, L Hijazein , S
Hammad, M Barbarawi, S Mamduh, J Al Daradkah, S Samardali , T Alshawabkeh (Amman; Prince
Hamza hospital); M Mahafdah, Q Sabbah, SAM Ba-Shammakh, A Al Hammoud, M Bani hani, M
Tabaza, H Malkawi, H Haj Freej, D Kasasbeh, B Dweik, K Ayyoub, OR Mahafdah (Ar Ramtha; King
Abdullah University Hospital/ Jordan University of Science and Technology); R Hiary, I Shehadeh, L
Dyab, R Daradkeh, R Raddad, R Alzu’bi, T Alhaj Hasan , B Alzoubi, M Alsharayri, M Nofal, S Ellouzy,
M Al-Masri, S Fakhouri, N Absy, R Suleiman, O Mansour, JS Hadidi (As-Salt; Al Hussain New Salt
Hospital); A Al-fandi (Irbid; Ar Ramtha Govermental Hospital); M Al-Fraijat, N Rabai, A Al-Zubeidy, R
Abd Elkareem, S Bani Amer , T Alhusban, S AL-Doghme, R Abd Alkareem, R Damseh, M Alshami , T
Majed, S Al Sharie, M Araydah, R Jaba’Teh, F Haddad, O Almomani, L M Mheidat, R Haddad, S
Bataineh, S Ababneh (Irbid; Princess Basma Hospital).
Kazakhstan: M Kulimbet, N Maulenov, N Lakhanov, M Ramazanov, A Kiyabayev (Almaty; City
Clinical Hospital No.7, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University); D Amangaliyev, A
Shamsutdinova, A Polatbekov (Almaty; JSC ‘Central Clinical Hospital’, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National
Medical University).
Kenya: R Parker, E Irungu, A Fadipe, F Ondago, G Waiyaki (Bomet; Tenwek Hospital).
Lebanon: A Khoneisser, A Kachi, B Abboud (Beirut; Hopital Libanais Geitaoui); M Chaccour, G
Bechara, N Eshak, R Hleyhel, M Barakat (Jbail ; Maritime Hospital).
Libya: N Lindi, BH Hameed, A Abaidalla, N Mosbah, M Saleh khatab (Albayda; Albayda Medical
Center); MAM Elghriani, A Ali, A Fathi, S Qwyder, M Saleh (Benghazi; Al-jalaa Teaching/Trauma
Hospital); M Alshamikh, A Alhammali, A Aldurssi, A Gusibat, M Suleman, S Alashhab, M Denini, F
Alowjaly, MM Almihashhish, F Elkhafeefi , H Altawati (Benghazi; Benghazi Children’s Hospital); S

23
Elfallah, F Benghalbon, R Michael , M Abosedra, A Ahmayda, H Mftah (Benghazi; Benghazi Medical
Center); M Bohlala, M Muragi, S Alneihuom (Darna; Al-Wahda Hospital); A Alkaseek, A Alshiteewi, H
Shames, H Bileid Bakeer (Gharyan; Gharyan Central Hospital); N Albahloul, M Abudabbous, A
Belkhair, A Abdelmalik, M Assalhi, M Altajouri, A Alailesh , A Alshukre (Misurata; Misurata Central
Hospital); B Alazabi, M Alazabi, G Birqeeq, AAY Almugaddami, A Egdeer (Nalut; Nalut Central
Hospital); H Embarek, M Bilfaqirah (Sebha; Al-Majd Clinic); M Abdelkabir, S Abdeewi , A Abdalhadi,
M Benghazi (Sebha; Aseel Alghad Clinic); H Idheiraj, M Yahmad, M Alfaid, M Abdu, E Abdu, M
Khalifa, G Matroud, A Amaigl , H Aldare, E Ali, K Shwail, K Abdulrahman (Sebha; Sabha Medical
Center); A Bouhuwaish, A Emran, A Abdraba (Tobruk; Tobruk Medical Center); AE Elzoubi, A Belaid
(Tripoli; Alkhalil hospital); A Alragheai, D Omar, S Magrhi, H Farhat, S Alsuwiyah , S Abrayik, S
Bensalem, B Algettawi (Tripoli; Metiga Hospital); S Egreara, TMA Abdulmola, I Kandil (Tripoli;
Sabratha teaching hospital); F Alshreef, F Elhabishi , M Alsori, L Shawesh , S Timmalah, M Alnuwayli,
A Alhamadi, K Ahmed Ibrahim, S Abdullateef, R Altayargh, A Essamei, S Altoume, A Haidar, M Khalil,
A Abdulnabi, S Mohammed , A Ghummied (Tripoli; Tripoli Medical Center/ Tripoli University Hospital);
E Younes, S Elfurdag , A Ali, S Ashini, M Edeeb, Z Al-azher El-hamel, M Akkawe , N AlWAER, A
Khair Etareig (Zawia; Zawia Teaching Hospital); B Allbakosh, H Abusnina, A Awidan, L Alokshi, M
Iqreewi , M Almahjoub , H Altounsi, M Almaqrahi (Zliten; Zliten Teaching Hospital).
Lithuania: E Dainius, S Bradulskis, E Margelis, A Mačiulaitytė, A Subocius, A Parseliunas, E Kubiliute,
D Zuikyte, J Kutkevičius, J Vaitekūnas (Kaunas; LUHS Kaunas Hospital); L Venclauskas, K Jasaitis,
M Jokubauskas, Z Dauksa (Kaunas; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics); A
Gulla, E Daukšaitė (Vilnius; Vilnius University Hospital).
Madagascar: MJ Rakotonaivo, CF Rahantasoa Finaritra, JB Razafindrahita, YM Razafimandimby , A
Rakotondrainibe (Antananarivo; Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital).
Malaysia: AD Zakaria, MIS Ismail (Kelantan; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia); R Noor, M Che
yaacob, SF Moh Pauzi, Z Chin (Kota Bharu; Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II); K Voon, JH Fu, JH
Lim, SA Theivendran, NN Ramli (Kuching, Sarawak; Sarawak General Hospital); M Fitri, MA Yunus,
AN Ramly, A Md Yunos, AAA Anuar (Malacca; Hospital Jasin); NS Abd Ghani, AAH Ahmad Zaidi, F
Ashraf, M Mahadi, AA Abdul Rahim (Serdang; Hospital Pengajar Universiti Putra Malaysia (HPUPM)).
Mali: OAA Dicko, A Dembele, H Dolo, D Kone (Ségou; District Hospital of Tominian).
Malta: C Cini, A Sultana, M Farrugia, J Schembri Higgans, S Bowman, J Psaila, P Andrejevic, S
Brincat, K Muscat, M Sammut, R Abela, M Zammit Vincenti, L Casingena, J Galea, M Portelli, M
Sammut, N Spiteri, K Iles, R Cachia, D Hili (Msida; Mater Dei Hospital).
Mexico: TR Ibarra-Hurtado (Guadalajara; Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara); LA Flores Chávez,
JA Flores Prado, K Jasso García, NE López Bernal, EV Romo Ascencio, LM Flores Chávez, MP
Mellado Tellez, SA Ibarra Camargo, G Delgado Hernandez, JA Guzman Barba, LA Rea Bocanegra,
M Tello Jimenez, JA Tavares Ortega, E Gómez Mejía, I Esparza Estrada, AA Salinas Barragan, JA
Jimenez Flores, SJ Vázquez-Sánchez, J Gonzalez Garcia , ZM Correa López, FJ Barbosa Camacho
(Guadalajara; Clínica de Especialidades más Centro de Cirugía Simplificada); CM Nuño-Guzmán, AM
Nava Franco, JF Martinez Martin del Campo , JJ Ulloa Robles , L Bravo, ME Gonzalez-Gonzalez, FD
Romo Rosales, TR Ibarra-Hurtado, LG Peña Balboa, C Yanowsky-Gonzalez, R Santana Ortiz, SA

24
Trujillo Ponce, J Orozco-Perez, MDC Gonzalez, JE Gonzalez Aboytes, J Pizarro Lozano , JE Orozco
Navarro, F Ibañez Ortiz , O Montaño Angeles, M Calderon, F Diaz , M Lazo Ramírez , JA Aguilar
(Guadalajara; Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde); A Gonzalez Ojeda, C Fuentes Orozco, JM
Chejfec-Ciociano, JM Carranza Rosales, MA Sánchez Audelo, CI Lupercio Figueroa, KV Ascencio
Diaz, CE Gutierrez de la Rosa, F Mercado Sanchez, FY González Ponce, R Mares País, C González
Baez, LÁ Pelayo Orozco, NG Barrera Lopez, A Ramírez Beas, MÁ Zaragoza Mendieta, MF Zarate
casas , SL Trejo Ramos, P Salas Núñez, JA Gutiérrez Gómez (Guadalajara; Hospital de
Especialidades, CMNO-IMSS); G Ambriz González, I Cabrera, HB Moya- Ambriz , FJ Silva Rivera,
EM Torres De Anda, A Hernández, FJ León Frutos, VE Armenta Tapia, M Nieto Galvan, JM Alvarez
Hernandez (Guadalajara; UMAE Hospital de Pediatria Centro Medico Nacional de Occidentes IMSS);
AI Sánchez-Terán, N Muñoz Montes, AN Fuertes Muñoz, RL Smolinski kurek (León; Hospital
Regional e Alta Especialidad del Bajio); K Bozada-Gutiérrez , A Nuñez Venzor, A Zubillaga-Mares, I
Serrano (Mexico City; Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González); C Moreno-Licea, S Anaya
Sanchez, A Trigos Díaz, CJ Pérez - Padrón, EY García-Villegas., RH Perez-Soto (Mexico City;
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición ‘Salvador Zubirán’); MJ Rueda Medécigo, A Leon -
del- Angel, HDJ Pérez Baca, C Chavarría Noya , L Castro (Pachuca; Sociedad Española de
Beneficencia); D Herappe , MT Barrio Renteria (Querétaro; Hospital de especialidades del niño y la
mujer); A Ramos-De la Medina, L Martinez, II Durán Sánchez , DS Gonzalez , MJ Martínez
(Veracruz; Hospital Español Veracruz).
Morocco: M Berrakkouch, F Hourri, A Benmansour, R Ait Ben Addi , M Melouane, A Tariq, O Boujidi, I
Zerrouq , M Katif, S Amahmid, S Errami, S Jamil, O Nouhail, H Essalim, A Nidali, N Ouachou
(Marrakech; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech); A Aboumedian , S Kessab,
N Lahnaoui, O Arsalan, S Kassad, A Hrora (Rabat; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina Rabat).
Namibia: JT Abebrese, M Van der Colf, FW Quayson , P Shimbulu, P Nambala (Windhoek; Windhoek
Central Academic Hospital).
New Zealand: S Rennie, A Herewini (Masterton; Wairarapa Hospital); S Kosna, A Olsen, J
Gillingham, R Campbell, A Lin (Wellington; Wellington Regional Hospital); T Uiyapat, S Beavis, D
Bardsley, M Lill (Whanganui; Whanganui Hospital); J McNab-Hand, O Ray, C Harmston (Whangarei;
Whangarei Hospital).
Nigeria: A Adeyeye, A Akinmade, E Afeikhena, AI Okunlola (Ado Ekiti; Afe Babalola University Multi-
System Hospital); D Idowu, J Olorunfunmi, A Olabode (Ado-Ekiti; Ekiti State University Teaching
Hospital); N Oloko, KJ Bwala, A Ningi (Bauchi; Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching
Hospital Bauchi); P Agbonrofo, D Osifo , P Idjerhe , BO Izedomi, O Omoike, O Irowa, S Ideh, J
Enaholo, C Agbonrofo , O Emuze , PV Odigie, M Ediale, RA Eghonghon, M Edena, A Ekpeti , M
Momoh, C Osime, O Osagie, A Arekhandia, M Ibadin (Benin City; University of Benin Teaching
Hospital); T AbdulRahman, R Ediru, J Abutu John, O Owolanke (Bida; Federal Medical Centre Bida);
U Ezomike, N Agugua-Obianyo, J Ede, S Aliozor, EI Nwangwu, C Ilo, C Amah, L Onyebulu, I
Ugwueke , I Obianyo, C Onwuzu, U Dilibe , I Orji, V Enemuo, N Celestine , N Ekwo (Enugu;
University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital); SA Sani, S Olori, I Pius Ogolekwu , O Attawodi , R Hauwa
SANI, P Chimezie Andrew (Gwagwalada; University of Abuja Teaching Hospital); A Ishola, O

25
Ayandipo, N Akinbami, A Fakoya, TA Lawal, V Osoka, H Ogundipe (Ibadan; University College
Hospital); A Ademuyiwa, F Alakaloko, O Oluseye , N Duru, M Ojo, T Olobatoke , AO Lawal, C
Nwanmah , O Alaba, R Eloka, C Bode, O Elebute, J Seyi-Olajide, K Onyekachi, O Balogun, O
Christianah, L Omomeji , F Akinwande, A Damola-Okesiji, J Okei (Idi Araba; Lagos University
Teaching Hospital); H Abiyere, O Fatudimu, B Mustapha, O Babatunde, AI Okunlola (Ido Ekiti;
Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti); OM Williams, O Faboya, C Ónyeka, F Oni, K Shodunke, G Eke,
M Abdulsalam , O Oso, A Ayodele, M Okechukwu (Ikeja; Lagos State University Teaching Hospital);
C Adumah, A Talabi, O Oyinloye, O Olajide , V Agbakwuru, A Aderounmu, A Agbaje, YL Balogun,
MO Ameen, DO Komolafe, O Olasehinde, O Ajiboye, M Fagbayimu, G Aduroja, O Fasoro, A Adisa,
AM Olugbami, H Oyinlola, E Adebunmi (Ile-Ife; Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals
Complex); T Mohammed, A Lawal, F Bello, P Adebayo, O Salako, A Akinkuolie, MA Adetoyi, A
Akeem Aderogba, T Oyeyemi , O Ojo (Ilesa; Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals
Complex Wesley Guild Hospital Unit); E Osaze, H Ekwuazi , I Ogundele, P Elemile, A Ayeni, I Okoro ,
C Onuoha (Ilishan-Remo; Babcock University Teaching Hospital); M Mobolaji-Ojibara , J Mohammad
mohammad (Ilorin; General Hospital); NT Abdulraheem, A Jimoh , A Lawal, OK Fasiku (Ilorin;
University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital); B Aminu , S Kache, G Yohanna Abrak (Kaduna; Barau Dikko
Teaching Hospital); AA Sheshe, L Anyanwu, AB Muhammad, A Abubakar Abdulkarim , TN
Nagwamutse, IU Garzali, S Muhammad, C Nwachukwu, IE Suleiman, M Abdullahi , SA Aji, A Dahiru,
LB Abdullahi, SA Yunusa , A Yahaya, M Bello, I Wasiu, U Mohammed Bello, B Yunusa, N Umar
(Kano; Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital); RE Enejo, N Nwafulume, A Oke, J Taiwo (Lokoja; Federal
Teaching Hospital Lokoja); OH Ekwunife, OA Egwuonwu, OA Okoye, N Nwanne, C Ugwunne, J
Ugwu, U Ezidiegwu, CD Nwosu, K Oluchukwu , V Modekwe, C Uche, EA Obiesie, C Osuigwe (Nnewi;
Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital); OH Ekwunife, J Aseme, U Edith, J Ezeh, J Nnoli, H
Willy-Chidire, D Chimkaomasiri (Onitsha; Holy Rosary Specialist Hospital); A Ojewuyi (Osogbo;
UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital); I Ogundele, A Adekoya, L Amosu, A Oyedele, A Ayoade, BA Ayoade,
A Asekun , A Ajayi, O Popoola, M Yinusa, AAA Oyelekan, O Oluyemi, C Nwosu, M Okudero, M
Agunloye, A Ojo, C Nwokoro, I Babajimi-Joseph , A Williams, S Ogunlade (Sagamu; Olabisi
Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital); M Daniyan, TT Sholadoye, M Bashir, N Oyelowo, SE
Nwabuoku , A Yakubu, O Ogunsua, M Abubakar , MA Tolani, MS Aliyu (Zaria; Ahmadu Bello
University Teaching Hospital).
North Macedonia: T Risteski, V Naunova, L Jovcheski (Skopje; University Clinic for Pediatric
Surgery).
Oman: PW Haque, A Albatanony, A Fajardo, M Omer, DP Talreja, AM Elsayed , H Habiba, H Al-
Aamri (Ibra; Ibra Hospital); F Ali, S Alsibai, B Dawud, J Albalushi , AM Al Balushi, A Alzadjali, T Al
Barhi, A Alkharusi, F Alfarsi, K Al Hinai, H Al Qadhi, R Al Shehhi, H Al Miskry, O Al Hamdani, O Al
Alyani, B Rehmani , D Ghosh, M Al-Attraqchi, Z Al Balushi (Muscat; Sultan Qaboos University
Hospital); M Al Hinai, S Alwardi, L AlRiyami, A ALJamoudi, M Masaaod (Nizwa; Nizwa Hospital).
Pakistan: A Raza, A Hai, S Ahmed, DS Maqsood, S Chaudhary, M Farooq, M Tayyab, Z Qureshi, M
Ali, S Maqbool, U Abdullah, M Aziz, A Irshad, S Said, A Zafar, U Akram, I Sadiq, A Abbas, M Siddique
, I Shahbaz (Islamabad; Dr Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital); SH Waqar, M Raheem, F Akhtar, DM

26
Mehmood, DN Mahmood (Islamabad; The Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences); M Shahid, A Ali, M
Ahmed, M Mansoor Iqbal, Y Lakdawala, S Otho, M Khalid, M Masood, R Kumar, S Jabeen (Karachi;
PAF Faisal Hospital); S Altaf (Karachi; Patel Hospital); M Abdullah, G Shamsi, I Ahmed , N Lodhi, G
Awais, L Rai (Karachi; The Indus Hospital); S Khattak, A Janjua, A Liaquat, M Saleem (Lahore;
Bahria International Hospital, Bahria Orchard); MN Rafique , MM Bin Khalid, H Ahmad, MS Khalid,
MH Sadiq, A Hashmi , HH Shahid, MA Sadiq, MH Chishti, M Usama, M Kashif, AM Choudhary , H
Basharat, K Khalid, MA Haider, MA Bashir, H Sabir, MF Tarar, M Usama (Lahore; Services Hospital
Lahore); MB Mirza, WU Rehman, W Tahir, R Khalid, CE Azmat (Lahore; The Children’s Hospital &
The Institute of Child Health Lahore); H Qayum, H Irfan Khan, A Mustafa (Peshawar; Mercy Teaching
Hospital); HW Bhatti, MR Farooqui, F Rauf, NA Malik (Rawalpindi; Benazir Bhutto Hospital); M
Usman Malik, S Hayat, D Riazhussain (Sargodha; District Headquarter & Teaching Hospital -
Sargodha).
Palestine: J Najajra, N Al-Hroub, M Abu Daoud, R Jubran, M Srour, M Taamreh, A Alsalahat, H
Masalma (Bethlehem, West Bank; Beit Jala Governmental Hospital (Al Hussein)); A Alwali, A Alwali, L
Mohammed, M Al zebda, S Mahdi, A Shaheen, G Alrayyes, L Tafesh, T M. Abubasheer, M Abu
Jayyab, H Jaber, M Abuwarda, B M. J. Alhaj, T Aldirawi, F Mahmoud, M Ali, A Albhaisi, M Obaid,
WJN Almadhoun, A Alroobi (Gaza; Al-Shifa Hospital); M Abo Abdo, A Abuthaher, A AbuNemer, M
Abu Al Amrain, I Nasser, A Awad, A AlAgha, R Madi, D AbuNemer (Gaza; Nasser Hospital); N Kullab,
H Elhallaq, A Abu Tair (Gaza; Palestine Red Crescent Society - Al-amal Hospital); H Ayesh (Hebron,
West Bank; Al-Ahli Hospital); H Abu-Arish, A Zamareh, M Ahmoud, M H. Oweidat, I AlJada, M Anati,
S Halabi, W Alhroub, A Abuhammad, S M. Udwan, H Yaghmour (Hebron, West Bank; Governmental
Hebron Hospital-Alia); D Houmran , NA Awwad, M Abed, I HajMohammed, A Hewari, A Alqerem, E
Zidan, H Abbadi, S Abed (Jenin, West Bank; The Martyr Dr. Khalil Sulaiman Hospital (Jenin
Governmental Hospital)); M Shakhshir, M HajHamad , M Saifi, S Abuzahra, A Khouli, Z Shabello, Z
Khraim , S Ismail, MF Dwikat (Nablus, West Bank; Rafidia Hospital); R Bassam, A Sabbah, A Gharib,
R Alzughayyar , R Issa, A Abuhantash, O Matar, Y A. Omar, O Khalil, A Awwad (Tulkarm, West Bank;
Martyr Thabet Thabet Govermental Hospital).
Paraguay: A Rodriguez Gonzalez, ED Sosa Ferreira, R Ferreira Acosta , MN Martínez Bareiro, JE
Giubi Bobeda, A Franco (Asuncion; Hospital de Clínicas, II Cátedra de Clínica Quirúrgica,
Universidad Nacional de Asunción).
Peru: A Walfor (Huánuco; Hospital Regional Hermilio Valdizán Medrano); L Poggi, L Poggi, L Fuentes
Rivera Lau, MA Moreno Gonzales, F Camacho, O Ibarra, G Arredondo (Lima; British American
Hospital); K Nieto Yrigoin, D Chavez Fernandez, DC Juan Carlos (Lima; Clinica Internacional); G
Mendiola, A Salazar, R Casma Bustamante (Lima; Hospital Santa Rosa de Lima); G Borda-Luque, Y
Carpio Colmenares, MR Li Valencia, F Palomino Escalante, K Quispe de la Roca (Lima; SANNA -
Clínica El Golf); MM Caramantin Obando (Paita; Hospital I Miguel Cruzado Vera EsSalud); R Polo, V
Serna-Alarcon (Piura; Jose Cayetano Heredia III Regional Hospital).
Poland: R Mazurkiewicz, M Kołomańska, PJ Milewski (Kielce; Wojewódzki Szpital Zespolony w
Kielcach); M Kisielewski, T Stefura, K Richter, W Wysocki, N Kłos , W Jabłoński, I Alsoubie, B
Żaczek, T Wojewoda, J Bolanowski (Krakow; 5th Military Clinical Hospital); Z Orzeszko, M Wikar, R

27
Solecki, B Markowska, M Szura, T Gach (Krakow; Brothers Hospitallers Hospital); M Matyja, B
Habrat, W Serednicki (Krakow; Jagiellonian University Medical College); Z Lorenc, M Święch, M
Mietła, W Krawczyk, M Nycz (Sosnowiec; Wojewódzki Szpiital Specjalistyczny nr 5 im. Św Barbary);
K Urbańska, K Komorowska, P Kowalewski, M Walędziak (Warsaw; Military Institute Of Medicine); JK
Zajac, M Zawadzki (Wroclaw; Regional Specialist Hospital in Wroclaw); M Kusiński, M Pryt, F
Brzeszczyński , H Dąbrowski, M Redynk (Łódź; Copernicus Memorial Hospital).
Portugal: J Figueiredo, B Cismasiu, R Souto, S Henriques, AL Preto Barreira, J Vaz, JM Carlos, M
Trindade, L Moreira, M Palas, J Simoes (Almada; Hospital Garcia de Orta); F Ramalho de Almeida, M
Vasconcelos, A Neves, J Ribeiro, F Afonso , A Pita, R Miranda Pera, M Bernardo, C Rio Ferreira, T
Branco, J Fontaínhas, S Pimentel Morais, B Pinto (Amadora; Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando
Fonseca, E.P.E.); S Patrocínio, L Moniz, C Rolo Santos, P Bernardo, F Nazareth (Barreiro; Centro
Hospitalar Barreiro Montijo, EPE); C Silva, L Heeren, AR Mateus Loureiro, B Tinoco, A Abreu (Caldas
da Rainha; Hospital das Caldas da Rainha - Centro Hospitalar do Oeste, E.P.E); DM Gonçalves
Múrias Gomes, C Figueiredo, C Aguero, M Reia, M Guerrero, MA Fernandez Romero, J Dominguez
(Elvas; Hospital Santa Luzia Elvas); I Colaço, M Nunes Luís, S Andrade, S Oliveira, D Pais (Figueira
da Foz; Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz); DG Alves, F Castro, R Ribeiro, I Mogárrio, MDC Gama
Caldeira (Funchal; Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça); B Gama, CS Rodrigues, A Cabral, A Silva (Horta;
Hospital da Horta, E.P.E.); E Borges, J Cassiano Neves, R Bernardino, P David Santos, J Secchi
(Lisbon; Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte); M Nunes, D Tavares, M Cruz , C Quintela, C Cardoso, IM
Lourenço (Matosinhos; Unidade Local de Saude de Matosinhos - Hospital Pedro Hispano); D Vaz
Acosta, P Rego Ponte, R Santos Pereira (Ponta Delgada; Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo); H
Capote, MB Mourato, T Mogne, N Andrade, G Fialho, F Valente Costa Pinto, B Cordeiro, M Brito, G
Santos, D Rosado, C Costa, N Pratas (Portalegre; Hospital Doutor José Maria Grande); J Dias-
Ferreira, AL Carreira-Marques, R Ribeiro Dias, B Carvalho, M Gomes, C Soares-Aquino, F Gomes, S
Barbosa Castelo Branco, C Coutinho, JP Vieira de Sousa, D Atouguia (Porto; Centro Hospitalar e
Universitário de São João); L Cidade Costa (Porto; Hospital da Prelada); D Silva, P Correia, C
Henriques, AM Pinheiro Pereira, J Marques Antunes (Santa Maria da Feira; Centro Hospitalar Entre o
Douro e Vouga); H Devesa, R Barradas, S Fortuna Martins, N Marcos, A Jarimba, B Louro, L
Rodrigues Madeira, AR Lourenço (Santarem; Hospital de Santarem); A Ferreira, A Abreu da Silva, D
Stoian , M Ferreira (Santiago do Cacém; Hospital do Litoral Alentejano); R Branquinho, JC
Domingues, MI Seixo, R Lalanda, C Bôto (Tomar; Centro Hospitalar Médio Tejo); J Fernandes, P
Laranjo , M Reis, I Borges da Costa, C Assis, B Lopes Patrício, NM Freitas Oliveira (Vila Franca de
Xira; Hospital Vila Franca de Xira); M Carvalho, J Mendes, C Macedo Cardoso de Oliveira, B Freire,
R Pinheiro Duque (Vila Nova de Famalicao; Centro Hospitalar do Medio Ave); B Vieira, U Fernandes,
A Dupont, J Ribeiro, R Vaz Pereira (Vila Real; Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro,
E.P.E.).
Qatar: G Sarp, E Soyer Güldoğan (Doha; Turkish Hospital).
Romania: É Gáspár (Brasov; Regina Maria); A Chitul, C Bezede, E Ciofic, D Cristian (Bucharest;
Coltea Clinical Hospital); EA Toma, IM Matache, O Enciu, B Bogdan-Gabriel (Bucharest; Elias
Emergency Hospital); I Negoi, C Ciubotaru, I Tanase, C Dina, VM Negoita, A Perja (Bucharest;

28
Emergency Clinical Hospital Bucharest); R Drasovean, A Trif, D Misca, C Hossu, I Imihteev (Cluj-
Napoca; Medicover Hospital Cluj).
Russian Federation: V Kakotkin, M Agapov, V Budyakova, S Dos Santos Rocha Ferreira, R Senin
(Kaliningrad; Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Regional Clinical Hospital); A Bedzhanyan, A
Sumbaev, K Petrenko, E Bedzhanyan, E Tyurina, R Azimov, P Glushkov, K Shemyatovsky , S
Husanov, A Sidorova (Moscow; Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery); G Yarovenko, E
Shestakov, O Lisin, A Arustamyan, S Katorkin (Samara; Hospital Surgery Clinic of Samara State
Medical University); J Sidorovskaia, K Cholah, I Cholah, D Kurochka (Simferopol; Municipal
Emegency Hospital No.6); V Ten, Y Kudryavcev (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk; Private healthcare institution
‘RZD-Medicine’).
Rwanda: JP Rugambwa, CN Nelly Rosine, N Jeannette, A Dusabimana (Huye, Gisagara; Butare
university teaching hospital (CHUB)); C Seneza , C Uwakunda, L Mukamazera, G Ntwari, I Didier
(Kigali; Kibagabaga Hospital); A Costas-Chavarri, M Eugene, C Nyampinga, R Munyaneza, D
Muyenzi (Kigali; Rwanda Military Hospital).
Saudi Arabia: N Alzerwi, M Rayzah, A Almutairi, A Alsultan, B Ali (Al-Majmaah; King Khalid General
Hospital); A Shabkah, O Ibrahim, H Said, A Alhebshi, A Mohsen, K Anaam, F Alnazawi, F Haddad, A
Basalim, B Albaihani, S Al Athath, A Jowharji, A Aljahdali (Jeddah; International Medical Center); N
Trabulsi, M Alharthi, A Farsi, M Ghunaim, A Nawawi, A Maghrabi (Jeddah; King Abdulaziz University
Hospital); N Alzerwi, Y Aldebasi , F Al Abbood, A Elkhalifa, M Alshanwani , S Alshagrawi (Riyadh;
King Salman Hospital in Riyadh); F Ahmad (Riyadh; King Saud Medical City); A Alayed, R AlQahtani,
R Sugair, O Alruwaili, B Alsharari, H Albalawi, H Al SOHABI, A Alshahrani , S Asiri, M Alshehri, A
Albalawi , R Alatawi , T Khewater, H Adi, J Akiely, N Musawa, F Alahmad, B Alqahtani, M Sersarah, Z
Farraj, DY Alalawi (Tabuk; King Salman Armed Forces Hospital); A Alzahrani , N Al Amri, M
AlThomali, D Elkafrawy (Taif City; King Faisal Medical Complex).
Serbia: J Juloski, V Cuk, V Cijan, L Milic (Belgrade; Zvezdara University Medical Center).
Slovenia: JA Košir, J Grosek, A Tomazic, T Košir Božič (Ljubljana; University Medical Centre).
South Africa: S Gumede, C Kloppers, K Booyse, S Dos Santos, M Flint (Cape Town; Groote Schuur
Hospital); Z Johnson, JJ Jordaan, G Steenkamp (Cape Town; Karl Bremer Hospital); K Nieuwenhuys,
J Uys, SS Verhage, A Goliath, S Gilbert (Cape Town; Khayelitsha District Hospital); M Kariem, N
Karimbocus (Cape Town; Mitchell’s Plain District Hospital); C Lategan, T Mabogoane (Cape Town;
Victoria Hospital Wynberg); S Mewa Kinoo, R Naidoo, N Ntanzi, S Sibiya, S Ebrahim (Durban; King
Edward VIII Hospital); S Govender, E Naidoo, P Moodley, K Maharaj (Durban; Stanger Hospital); H
Le Roux, J Van Niekerk (East London; Cecilia Makiwane Hospital); A Sparke, P Omwansa (East
London; Frere Hospital); CA Baars, S Marawu, K Sevnaran, A Szpytko (Empangeni; Ngwelezana
Hospital); G Charalambous, B Van Zyl, O Pheiffer, F Roodt (George; George Hospital); D Rattray, N
Rasool, M Nkogatse , R Mackay, G Urdang (Johannesburg; Edenvale); V Manchev, D Clarke, S
Naidu, V Govindasamy (Pietermaritzburg; Edendale Hospital); D Montwedi (Pretoria; Kalafong
Academic Hospital); LC Kolongi , C Elliot-Wilson, S Kalenga , I Serfontein, M Goga (Upington; Dr
Harry Surtie Hospital); S Burger, R Duvenage (Worcester; Worcester Provincial Hospital).

29
Spain: H Aguado López, F Ruescas, A García Marín, M Scortechini, M Jurado Román , A Sanchez
Gallego (Albacete; Hellín Hospital); E González Marín, S De la Cruz Ahufinger, M Mateu, MJ Medina,
MDM Martí-Ejarque, R Soliva Domínguez, L Ruiz-Villa, E Montalbán Martínez (BARCELONA;
Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor); A Torroella, C Ginesta, G Cárdenas Rivera, VE Gonzabay, JD
Acevedo Parrales (Barcelona; HM Nou Delfos); M Canals Sin, A Lombardero, B Capdevila Vilaró, M
Carbonell Pradas, ME Muñoz Fernández , RA Hernandez Rodriguez, I De Haro Jorge, M Riba
Martínez, L Tapia Moral, M Coronas Soucheiron, P Palazon Bellver, L Ortega Lechuga, X Tarrado, A
Domenech Plana, J Prat-Ortells, M Bejarano Serrano, M Cuesta Argos, MP Martin Gimenez, SG
Laura, R Ripoll i Palmés (Barcelona; Hospital Sant Joan de Deu); A Sainz Lete, JC Zevallos-Quiroz,
D Gómez, B Estraviz, JM De Francisco Rios, J Barrutia Leonardo, M González de Miguel (Bizkaia;
Hospital Urduliz); RL Ferlini, M Ortega Escudero, Y Galvañ Félix, C Hernandez Diaz, J Montero
García (Burgos; Hospital Universitario de Burgos); Á Fernández Camuñas, EP Garcia Santos, FJ
Redondo Calvo (Ciudad Real; Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real); M Estaire Gómez, RJ
Castro Lara, A Ramos Bonilla, L Rodríguez Gómez, M Marqueta De Salas, A Alvarez Cuiñas, FM
Bujalance Cabrera, MD Cancelas, A García Domínguez, G Chamoso Mialdea, EP Cagigal Ortega, D
Enjuto, I Cervera (Leganés; Severo Ochoa University Hospital); R Villalobos Mori, Y Maestre
González, C Gas, L Codina Corrons, C Semeraro (Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova); J
García-Quijada, TW Jorgensen, L Marquez (Madrid; Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja San Jose y
Santa Adela); MJ Peña Soria, N Tabatabaian , JL Garcia galocha, D Fra Corral, L Sante Serna
(Madrid; Hospital Clinico San Carlos); M Diez Alonso, C Vera Mansilla, L Casalduero, S Soto Schütte,
Y Allaoua (Madrid; Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias); E Gutierrez, C Zapata Syro, F Prieto
La Noire, MDM Olmedo Reinoso, S Salido, N Chavarrias, M Vicario Bravo, L Asensio Gomez, R
Abad, A Gegúndez Simón, PC Arteaga Asensio (Madrid; Hospital Universitario la Paz); AM Minaya
Bravo, E González , A Galvan, C Guijarro Moreno, G De la Peña González, A Sánchez Gollarte, A
Robin Valle de Lersundi, MÁ García Ureña (Madrid; Hospital del Henares); JL Rodicio Miravalles, AA
Suárez Álvarez, DW Silva-Cano, G Martínez Izquierdo, P Del Val Ruiz, M Moreno Gijon, S Amoza
Pais, GP Ibero Casadiego , E López-Negrete Cueto, J Carrizo, S Sanz, R Rodríguez-Uria, A
Cembellin, G García-Santos, A Fraile (Oviedo; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)); D
Córdova García, L Jiménez, J Martin Fernandez, R Alvarado Hurtado, AM Minaya Bravo, R Díaz
Pedrero, N Cobeño Tamayo, V Ongil Rodríguez (Rivas-Vaciamadrid, Madrid; Hospital Universitario
HM Rivas); F Aguilar del Castillo, Á De Jesús Gil, S Borrego Canovaca (Sevilla; Hospital Universitario
Virgen del Rocio); JR Naranjo Fernández, Z Valera Sanchez, R Perez, M Infantes Ormad, M Sánchez
Ramirez (Seville; Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena); C Leal Ferrandis, C Esteo Verdu, S García
López, J Febré, B Cuneo (Valencia; Hospital Arnau de Vilanova); C León-Espinoza, E Martí Cuñat, G
Pou (Valencia; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia); C Jezieniecki, S Alonso Marcos, A
Vazquez Fernandez, J Beltrán de Heredia, B De Andrés-Asenjo, D Baños Méndez, JC Garcia Vera,
M Ruiz Soriano, E Redondo, R Martínez Díaz , T Gómez Sanz, P Artigot, C Infante, C Ferreras
García, LR Cabezudo, G Cabezudo, M Lainez Escribano, M Rodriguez-Lopez, H Nuñez Del Barrio, A
Romero de Diego (Valladolid; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid); A Vazquez Melero, M
Camuera, I Herrero, D Garcia López de Goicoechea, M Sánchez-Rubio (Vitoria-Gasteiz; Hospital

30
Universitario Araba); MDP Cebollero, JL Blas Laina (Zaragoza; Hospital Royo Villanova); V Duque
Mallén, N Sánchez Fuentes, P Sancho Pardo , I Gascon Ferrer, MÁ Dobón Rascón, T Gimenez
Maurel, J Chóliz, S Saudí-Moro, S Paterna -Lopez, A Martinez German, D Aparicio-López, MÁ
Gascón Domínguez, P Royo Dachary (Zaragoza; Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet).
Sri Lanka: S Srishankar, SPB Thalgaspitiya, KJ Senanayake, D Wickramarathna (Anuradhapura;
Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura); D Subasinghe, D Wickramasinghe (Colombo; National Hospital of
Sri Lanka); M Nandasena, K Wijesinghe, H Miyasika, J Senavirathna, Y Chamara (Dehiwala;
Colombo South Teaching Hospital); S Rajendra, SI Thuraisamy Sarma, B Balagobi, V Sutharshan , S
Giridaran (Jaffna; Teaching Hospital, Jaffna); W Wijenayake, MT Ekanayake, S Jayatilleke, S
Jayasekara, M Perera, R Perera, R Ellawala, WDD De Silva (Werahera; University Hospital,
Kotelawala Defence University).
Sudan: S Alqurashi , N Rajab (Ed Dueim; Ed Dueim Teaching Hospital); TA Albushary , FA
Mohammed Daoud , A Younis, MA Suliman, F Tahir Lwdie, S Ibrahim Tour Harakan, M Abdelhadi
Suliman Adam , E Hegab, A Abdalla, T Almahdi , E Alabed (El Geneina; El Geneina teaching
Hospital); M Ahmed, S Eldirdiri, M Salah, OA Eljizoly , A Mohammed, A Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed
(Gadarif city; Gadarif teaching hospital); A Albager, MA Ismael Alamin, M Alsalawi, MA Elgak
(Kassala; Police hospital); EG Nubi Mohamed, A Eltahir, E Adel Hamdoun Aziz, I Adel, O
Emadeldeen, OG Nubi, E Mohamed (Khartoum; Bashair Teaching Hospital); M Hamed, M Tageldin,
E Elsheikh, U Omara, E ADAm, IMG Ahmed, GMG Ahmed, S Imam (Khartoum; Ibrahim Malik
Teaching Hospital); AA Adam, S Amin Omar Alsiddig, A Ahmed, S Abdelrasoul Elnour Ismail, M
Mohamedshafee, Y Mohamed (Khartoum; Omdurman Teaching Hospital); EE Abuobaida Banaga
Hag El Tayeb, H Abuobaida , AS Ahmed (Khartoum; Ribat university hospital); A Elbalal, IMG Ahmed,
GN El Hunjul, GMG Ahmed, A Mustafa, HA Fadlalmola (Khartoum; Soba University Hospital); A
Mohammed, E Yousuf, E Hamed, S Ibrahim, O Morgan, N Omer (Wad Madani; University of Gezira
Hospital).
Sweden: M Zaigham, A Al Mukhtar (Malmö; Skåne University Hospital); M Nikberg (Vasteras;
Västmanlands Hospital Västerås).
Switzerland: D Fenner, D Salinovic (Frauenfeld; Spital Thurgau AG); X Papazarkadas, TV Pham, C
Brasset, A Litchinko, F Ris, C Golliez, M Chevallay (Geneva; Geneva University Hospitals); J Gass, J
Mühlhäusser, J Metzger, A Scheiwiller (Luzern; Luzerner Kantonsspital); A Tampakis, C Riboni, U
Dietz, E Brolese, C Seiler, M Kalisvaart, JN Marx, L Eisner (Olten; Kantonsspital Olten); G Peros, F
Solimene, M Gramellini, A Lareida, M Adamina, E Betz, L Dubs, K Geiger-Timm, L Gantner, N
Seeger, K Richetti, K Hofmann (Winterthur; Kantonsspital Winterthur); MA Schneider, D Gero, K
Lehmann, P Limani, S Hügli, S Gerdes, F Mazzola, A Hiller (Zurich; University Hospital of Zurich).
Syrian Arab Republic: MA Farho, M Mohammad, AY Arnaout, Y Nerabani, Y Maktabi, W Alsado, A
Anadani (Aleppo; Abd Al Wahab Agha Hospital); M Morjan, M Nasani, W Mayo, S Kreid, M Arnaout,
MN Sawas (Aleppo; Al-Shahbaa Private Hospital); M Aloulou, MK Marawy, A Kezze, I Arnaout, A
Kelzia, A Ghazal (Aleppo; Aleppo Private Hospital); A Ghazal, E Dabbagh, R Masri, MH Nabhan, A
Alniemi, A Alhaj, S Ward, Y Haido, N Dadoush, MK Abu albahrain, A Niazi, W Abbas, A Hasan, S
Alshab, S Kamari, R Kalouk, Z Toutounji (Aleppo; Aleppo University Hospital); D Sharl Ajami, B

31
Alsaid, A Alusef, K Abo zaal (Damascus; Al assad university hospital); AR Hammadieh, Z Klib, MR
Mslmani, A Alhaj zain, M Klib, L Shammas, AJ Chekfa, Z Odeh, R Joumaa, H Al-zoubi (Damascus;
Al-Mouwasat University Hospital); Q Mashlah, HO Odah Bashi̇ , H Zwaraa (Damascus; Children’s
University Hospital); I Adham, L Hasan, A Khatib, S Jomaa, A Alfarwan, A Torbey, A Rashid, A
Hawarah, A Ali, M Alhimyar, L Al-Boukhari, MA Al-yusuf, AN Aldirani (Damascus; Damascus
Hospital); Y Alhammoud , Y Al-Junaidi (Homs; Al-Basel Specialized Hospital in Karm El-Louz); M
Daher, Z Asaad, A Abbas, K Khalil (Homs; The Military Hospital); J Khoury, L Hasan, J Jahjah, J Alaji,
S Turkmani, S Mahfoud, A Ahmad, M Derattani, G Massarra , J Skaff, ZA Hannouneh, H Amoudi, ZA
Zaher, G Zaza (Latakia; Al Saydeh Surgical Hospital); A Wassouf, A Alahmad Alismael , S Nofal, A
Mansour, M Mansour, Z Alkhaier, J Suliman, M Sabboh, M Haj Hussein, M Ibrahim, ZA Abo alaros, G
Alhadwah , N Kheyrbek, D Ibrahim, G Hamdan, Y Hasan, A Abo al Shamat, A Roumieh, B Khattab, H
Alkhatib (Latakia; National Hospital); S Hassan, S Abdul Rahman, A Abdul Rahman, F Aliskander, J
Alkharish, G Kafa, I Suleiman, A Bassma, A Alloush , N Ismaiel, J Deeb, M Alrantisi, E Salloum, A Al-
Mouahhed , A Baydoun, H Yunes, S Alkadi, F Ali, D Abdulrahman, I Hussein (Latakia; Othaman
Hospital); A Bakri, H Asaad, T Ashkar, H Daaboul, A Marouf, F Chahrour, B Ranjous, B Ibrahim , A
Sinjab, M Alneasan, N Ali, A Alloush, J Fahed, R Attaf, S Kanaan (Latakia; Tishreen University
Hospital).
Thailand: A Tansawet, W Kasetsermwiriya, I Laopeamthong, P Sukhvibul, T Techapongsatorn, N
Techapongsatorn, P Kasetsermwiriya , P Leungon (Bangkok; Vajira hospital).
Togo: PS Tekam Wadje (Lomé; CHU Sylvanus Olympio).
Tunisia: MJ Kacem, R Elaifia, Y Ouadi, S Megdiche, Y Jedidi (Tunis; La Rabta Hospital).
Turkey: AÇ Bozkurt, H Tümer (Adana; Adana Seyhan State Hospital); MA Koç, A Çakmak, AF
Kocaay, KY Türker, TB Türkmen (Ankara; Ankara University Medical School); O Yalkin, D Yigit
(Bursa; Bursa City Hospital); B Yigit, A Aslan, S Yilmaz (Elazig; Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital); AN
Sanli, Yİ Tandoğan, A Yildiz, A İsler, A Ozkomec (Gaziantep; Abdulkadir Yuksel State Hospital); ME
Seker, E Ay, M Erkaya, YO Koyluoglu, A Develioğlu, GM Kurtoglu, GK Kurtoglu, AF Cetişli, E
Tunçcan, A Aghayeva, Z Durna, B Baca (Istanbul; Acibadem Altunizade Hospital); AE Dönmez, B
Togay, E Ada, IE Yavuz , IA Bilgin, EC Karabulut, AM Uysal, Y Karataş, B Ağca, MK Aktas, F
Demiral, B Duman, K Kabulov, I Hamzaoglu, T Karahasanoğlu, M Tanal, E Tuzuner (Istanbul;
Acibadem Maslak Hospital); S Meriç, M Tokocin, H Yigitbas, A Barcin, G Alici, E Yavuz, OB Gülcicek,
N Bugdayci , K Özdoğan, I Çakir, YE Aktimur, Y Altinel (Istanbul; Bagcilar Research And Training
Hospital); ÖP Zanbak Mutlu (Istanbul; Bahçelievler State Hospital); RE Sönmez, M Şermet, MS
Ozsoy, H Baysal, F Buyuker (Istanbul; Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine); M Oncel, S
Bektas, AE Askin, M Yashar, A İzgi̇ ş (Istanbul; Istanbul Medipol University Hospital); SS Uludağ, MF
Ozcelik, S Yumurtacilar (Istanbul; Istanbul universty - Cerrahpaşa Medical faculty); A Özcan, E
Somuncu, S Yilmaz, A Sapmaz, H Bolukbasi, C Özkan, E Bozdağ, MC Kizilkaya, H Telci, Y Kara, AZ
Kaan, M Acar, EO Yildirim (Istanbul; Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital); G
Akcakoca, C Hacialioğlu, Y Tosun, V Çalik, TE Yilmaz, H Alfakeer (Istanbul; Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar
Training and Research Hospital); MI Ateş, SN Karahan, M Kalender, AE Narin, D Yi̇ ği̇ t, O Agcaoglu,
S Toprak, B Celik, E Ozoran, DS Uymaz, S Yigman, E Bozkurt, A Rencuzogullari, E Balik, S Sucu

32
(Istanbul; Koç University Medical School); A Akmercan, K Oğur, A Hajali, QK Dolatzay (Istanbul;
Marmara University, School of Medicine); E Unal (Istanbul; Sehit Prof.Dr. İlhan Varank Training and
Research Hospital); N Kiziltoprak, MS Genç, B Özcan, Z Şenol, OF Ozkan, M Çuhadar, ED Terzi
(Istanbul; Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences);
T Gülşen (Istanbul; Sultanbeyli State Hospital); MT Demirpolat (Istanbul; University of Health Science
Umraniye Education and Research Hospital); B Citgez, H Ozsahin, C Ersavas (Istanbul; Uskudar
University Faculty of Medicine, Memorial Hospital); C Bi̇ li̇ r, AE Boztaş Demi̇ r, AD Hacioglu, G
Ozyuksel, H Ulman (Izmir; Bakircay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital); AM Öztürk, B
Calik, AC Yaşar (Izmir; University of Health Sciences Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital);
E Colak, MA Avci, E Aybar, M Gün, AB Ciftci, MS Uyanik, ME Kara, C Akgün, AC Sari, Ö Küpçüoğlu,
GO Kucuk, S Polat (Samsun; Samsun University Samsun Training and Research Hospital); N Kavak,
MA Kara, G Karadeniz Cakmak, B Kum (Zonguldak; Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University School of
Medicine Research and Training Hospital); S Öztürk, B Eyduran (İzmir; University of Health Sciences
Tepecik Training and Research Hospital).
Uganda: B Kigwe, M Arafat (Iganga; Iganga district hospital); M Nnabagulanyi (Kigumba; Kiryandongo
Hospital); S Stonelake (Luwero; Kiwoko Hospital).
United Kingdom: ZA Fozo, A Shoker, KR Rahman, MW Saqib, R Faisal, CS Ong, A Pillai, H Unwin, A
Huws, M Maybury, H Ejaz, E Daketsey, AK Lala (Bangor, North Wales; Ysbyty Gwynedd); MAK
Sarker, B Chkir, MR Peris, S Khan , MA Tahir, N Sharma, R Doherty, H Alhusaini, MF Butt, H Afzal, S
Handa, N Maharjan , A Mostafa, G Lee, CK Lim, A Anand, A Krishna, WT Yew, Y Lu, R Hall (Barrow
in Furness; Furness General Hospital); E Mohammed (Basildon; Basildon University Hospital); F
Georgiades, S Karim, K Rajaratnam (Bedford; Bedford Hospital); J Abbasy, A Bibi, S Karandikar, L
Johnstone , N Fazili (Birmingham; Heartlands Hospital); A Singh, A Athanasiou, H Lidbetter, J Siby, M
Kaur, A Fatima (Brighton; Royal Sussex County Hospital); SM Reddy, A Campbell, A Cardoso
Almeida, K Smith, CJ Bradshaw, K Tambudze, H Delacave, I Norman (Bristol; Bristol Royal Hospital
for Children); M San, S Babu, S Midya, H Bradly, S Tontus, H Chauhan, R Jurdon, M Corcos , E Jose
(Camberley; Frimley Health NHS FT - Frimley Park); N Eardley, B Davies, M Ransome, S Ahmed
(Chester; Countess of Chester Hospital); S Suresh, A Bavaharan, R Batir, R Sato (Colchester;
Colchester Hospital University); N Chidumije, M Ahmed, TY Kwan, F Olaniru, I Parwaiz, LP Cheng
(Coventry; University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust); N Gokhare Viswanath, K
Nanayakkara, A Tibude (Derby; Royal Derby Hospital); O Olajumoke, M Shams, D George, A Amin,
M Kausar, S Sellahewa (Dudley; Russell’s Hall Hospital); H Kamal, A Kamal, M Kamal (Dundee;
Ninewells Hospital); O Pryer, H Sagar, B Lulham-Robinson, S Dawo, A Nada (Durham; University
Hospital North Durham); R Bethune, G Chillarge, AM Myintmo, M Horga, L Andreski, E Ruiz-Daum , T
Finlay, I Rakshit (Exeter; Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital); J Bryan, D Joshi, R Marlin, M Battili , YL
Aung, L Zeng, S Mathew, I Njere, S Gopaul, A Abbas (Great Yarmouth; James Paget Univeristy NHS
Foundation Trust Hospital); G Singh, M Asarbakhsh, S Staight (Huddersfield; Huddersfield Royal
Infirmary); R Govindaraju, M Quaunine, S Yassin, A Wilkins, J Walshaw, L Chang, A Mahendran, F
Hammett, D Fairbrass, UA Kalu, E Dexter, T Nadeem, N Karunaratne, T Lo, M Pellen (Hull; Hull
University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust); SH Sarwary, J Otote, D Anbu, H Islam, N Morricone (Ilford;

33
King George Hospital); K Lee, E Gimson, M Wilson, C Chiam (Larbert; Forth Valley Royal Hospital);
M Solkar, M Bautista, NS Blencowe, A Gupta, J Sutcliffe, A Ahmad, A Peckham-Cooper (Leeds;
Leeds Teaching Hospitals); E O’Connell, KE Dey, R Lunevicius, MM Barakat, GR Goodwin, B
Devkaran, IC Nzenwa, A Pilavas (Liverpool; Aintree University Hospital); K Bananis, A Alamin, S
Bennett , MD Barcelona, A Sharp, F Soggiu (London; Ealing Hospital); E Baili, H Ebied, A Botha, M
Haghighat Ghahfarokhi, MMT Youssef (London; Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals); K
Theodoropoulou, A Quddus, R Hegy, M Mahran, A Ghanbari (London; Homerton University Hospital);
P Kapsampelis, T Chouari, J Saunders, C Boven, I Gerogiannis (London; Kingston); N Karthikeyan, C
Karagianni , E Spanoudakis (London; Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich); H Younus, R Ben Hmida,
D Eaton (London; The Whittington Hospital); C Seet, R Bradley, R Roberts (London; University
Hospital Lewisham); FN Amir, M Durrani, S Khan, A Tahir (Macclesfield; Macclesfield District General
Hospital); A Khalil, E O’Neill, S Ingley, V Bill, P Wilson, M Elmousili, E Chin , C Alphonse, P Suresh, L
Devi, C Shelton (Manchester; Wythenshawe Hospital); S Bugren, M Abdelreheem, MMR Azzuz, F
Gareb (Margate; Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital Margate); DJ Dhillon, MF Khan, B
Peter, I Fagiri , T Harris , P Thambi (Middlesbrough; James Cook University Hospital); M Tomlinson,
C Hidalgo Salinas, A Mwanjoka , M Catterall, B Ali (Morecambe; Royal Lancaster Infirmary); S Tingle,
K Waddell, F Peters, T Akharaekpanya, S Robinson (North Shields; Northumbria NHS Hospital
Trust); NA Binti Yusri, A Ashiru, SA Chowdhury , J Reilly, S Malek, S Kumaran, A Doghaim, ABA Al-
Hajjaj, LR Chieng, ZY Wong, R Olatunji (Nottingham; Queens Medical Centre); J Bundred, B Down, A
Ang, KA Shamiyah, G Bond-Smith (Oxford; John Radcliffe Hospital); M Elmesalmi (Portsmouth;
Queen Alexandra Hospital); S Monkhouse , O Mohamed, B Robertson-Jones, P Patel, BZ Hao
(Redhill; East Surrey Hospital); S Ghattas, N Beharry, A Maraqa, N Uttam, S Rafiq, A Abdelhamid, E
Mazumdar, M Dyer, MEEA Abdelsalam, B Johnson, M Abdelkarim, A Murtada, MMS Tora, Z Azhar
(Rhyl; Glan Clwyd Hospital); O Whitehurst, K Bhatti, S Silvestre, LN Bin Aizan, A Patel (Salford;
Salford Royal Hospital); Z Khan, A Maqsood-Shah, O Webster, H Reilly, S Boyes (Sheffield; Sheffield
Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust); S Bandyopadhyay, B McDermott, H Kynaston, B Neall, M
West, G Hart, R Titcombe , H Kaur, A Ekerin, A Demetriou, N Harrison, JJQ Chen (Southampton;
Southampton General Hospital); M Hammoda, L Robine-Durnell, E Mansour, A Evans, E Baker
(Swansea; Morriston Hospital Swansea); I Abdullah, O Osunlusi (Walsall; Walsall Manor Hospital).
United States: S Soelling, R Askari (Boston; Brigham and Women’s Hospital); M Asaad , J Leong, M
Perkins, D Ozal, SS Budhwani (Chicago, IL; Mount Sinai Hospital); A Maxwell, A Shah, S Schimpke
(Chicago, IL; Rush University Medical Centre); D Moris, C Nicholson Jr., HE Rice (Durham, NC; Duke
University Medical Center); D Ridder, M Tsuruta, K Noguchi, D Mikami, R Kitamura, J Ng-Kamstra
(Honolulu, Hawaii; The Queen’s Medical Center); RJ Robitsek, K Fretwell, J Chan, R Laskowski
(Jamaica; Jamaica Hospital); R Zerna Encalada (Syracuse; SUNY Upstate University Hospital).
Yemen, Rep.: R Ghaleb, N Alnamari, A Al-Bahla, B Al soudi (Hajjah; Kowaydina hospital); B Alshaikh,
M Al-Shehari, M Al-Dhaheri, YSSM Ghaleb, MI Issa (Sana’a; Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital).

34
 Section 2: Supplementary materials, tables and figures

Supplementary materials Pages

Development of measurement set 36
Data collection 37
Supplementary table title
Supplementary table 1: Measurement set mapped to WHO’s building blocks attributes 38
Supplementary table 2: Detailed description of key performance measures. 39
Supplementary table 3: Assumptions to calculate sample size. 40
Supplementary table 4: Included elective patients and intra-operative characteristics across
41
income groups.
Supplementary table 5: Included elective, adult patients and intra-operative characteristics
42
across income groups.
Supplementary table 6: Included patients eligible for day case surgery and intra-operative
43
characteristics across income groups.
Supplementary table 7: Hospitals characteristics across income groups. 44
Supplementary table 8: Hospitals characteristics across income groups, based on the
45
number of hospitals
Supplementary table 9: Key performance measures to evaluate access and quality. 46
Supplementary table 10: Additional descriptive measures to evaluate access and quality. 47
Supplementary figure title
Supplementary figure 1: Flowchart of included patients according to income groups and
48
urgency of surgery.
Supplementary figure 2: Global distribution of included patients. 49
References 50

35
Development of measurement set

We formed a diverse Study Management Group with surgeons and anaesthetists with
expertise in both inguinal hernia treatment and health systems research from different
income groups to ensure global representation (Appendix 1, section 1). We predicted that no
single outcome would be able to evaluate performance of whole surgical systems. The aim
of the consensus process therefore was to capture key outcome measures in elective
system performance that would have overall face and construct validity (i.e., measure what
they purport to measure) and content validity, i.e. measured all relevant attributes of the
World Health Organisation’s Health System Building Blocks, namely: (1) Access, (2)
Coverage, (3) Quality and (4) Safety.

To achieve this, the Study Management Group conducted a three-phase consensus process
to identify, prioritise, and refine a measurement set for these attributes. In brief, phase one
included scoping reviews of published literature from PubMed and Google Scholar,
guidelines from hernia societies, and policy documents to create a longlist of candidate
measures. In phase two, the Study Management Group conducted an online consensus
process. The longlist was refined into a shortlist during an online meeting using Zoom®
(Zoom Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The rationale to include and/or exclude each measure
was discussed and consensus reached for each. In phase three, the measurement set and
its definitions were refined into six key performance measures and seven additional
descriptive measures during a face-to-face meeting in Lagos, Nigeria. The final
measurement set was deemed to have face, construct, and content validity by the SMG, and
to be relevant to surgical systems in any context, including all hospital types and income
settings (appendix 1, p 38-39).

36
Data collection

Each team based in each participating hospitals followed the strategy that worked best for
them to collect high quality data, which could either be on paper or electronically. Data was
uploaded in REDCap either by the hospital lead or by the collaborators and all elements
from the same team, including the hospital lead, had access to all data entered by their team
so they could ensure it was high-quality, not duplicated, and valid data.

Some participating hospitals and teams had previous experience with this approach as they
took part in previous cohort studies (GlobalSurg, CovidSurg, SurgWeek). Online training was
provided by the Steering Management Group on data collection strategies, entering data in
REDCap and ensuring data was valid. The Dissemination Committee members were
encouraged and supported to run similar online sessions to hospitals taking part from their
countries. Online materials to support data collection and data validation were available in
the HIPPO webpage (https://www.globalsurgeryunit.org/clinical-trials-holding-page/hippo/)
and in the YouTube page of the study (https://www.youtube.com/@hipporedcap). Members
of the Steering Management Group hosted live meetings open to all collaborators taking part
in the study to clarify any questions, which were recorded and available in the YouTube
page too.

37
Supplementary table 1: Measurement set mapped to WHO’s building blocks
attributes.

Attributes of WHO
Key performance measures Additional descriptive measures
building blocks
Emergency rate Standardised patient pathways

Access and Bowel resection rate Availability of day case surgical unit
coverage Waiting times with its components Waiting list management
Financing methods
Mesh use rate Primary operator
Quality and safety Day case rate Anaesthesia variation
Postoperative complications Surgical approach variation

38
 Supplementary table 2: Detailed description of key performance measures.

Key performance
Rationale Numerator Denominator
measures
ACCESS AND COVERAGE
Indirect measure of access to elective surgery, as patients who cannot receive their care in the elective Patients undergoing
Emergency surgery
pathway, will experience a progression of their disease, increasing the risk of developing complications emergency surgery All patients included
rate
with time and need for emergent surgery instead.1
Patients where
Bowel resection Indirect measure of access to elective surgery, theoretically related with emergency surgery, as patients
bowel resection All patients included
rate are more likely to develop complications from their hernia over time, while waiting for an operation.2
occurred
Direct measure of access to elective surgical systems that is considered relevant to patients. Longer
Waiting times NA* NA*
waiting times imply poorer access.3
QUALITY AND SAFETY
Patients where Adult patients
Direct measure of quality as recommended by International Guidelines,4 applicable to all adults
Mesh use rate mesh was used for (>16y) undergoing
undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair.
hernia repair elective surgery
Patients discharged
Direct measure of quality as recommended by the International Guidelines,4 to adults younger than 90y Adult patients,
as planned, in the
Day case rate and with ASA I-II undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair. Adults with ASA III with stable co-morbidities younger than 90y,
same day as the
is also recommended but this distinction was not possible to be made from our dataset. with ASA I-II
operation
Patients with
Postoperative Direct measure of safety as established by the WHO. Routinely collected to monitor safety of all surgical
Clavien-Dindo All patients included
complications procedures.5
grade I-V

*NA: waiting times to elective surgery is a continuous outcome that was measured in all patients undergoing elective surgery, therefore, the denominator and numerator is not applicable to directly
calculate this measure. References presented in page 50.

39
Supplementary table 3: Assumptions to calculate sample size.

Binary outcomes

Outcome Alpha Estimated proportion Margin of error

Emergency surgery rate 5% 6%1 0.47%

Bowel resection rate 5% 1%2 0.20%

Day case rate 5% 75%4,6 0.85%

Mesh use rate 5% 95%4 0.43%

Post-operative complications 5% 15%4 0.70%

Continuous outcome

Outcome Alpha Standard deviation Width

Waiting time to elective surgery 5% 10 0.39

References presented in page 50.

40
 Supplementary table 4: Included elective patients and intra-operative
characteristics across income groups.
HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Total
(n=9,252) (n=93,098) (n=3,586) (n=818) (n=16,754)
Age, years
Median 63.0 53.0 42.0 45.0 57.0
IQR 50.0 to 73.0 32.0 to 65.0 11.0 to 58.0 20.0 to 60.0 40.0 to 69.0
Age groups*
Infants 107 (1.2%) 211 (6.8%) 330 (9.2%) 64 (7.9%) 712 (4.3%)
Children 228 (2.5%) 310 (10.0%) 614 (17.1%) 116 (14.2%) 1268 (7.6%)
Adults 8916 (96.4%) 2575 (83.2%) 2642 (73.7%) 635 (77.9%) 14768 (88.2%)
(Missing) 1 2 0 4 6
Sex
Female 907 (9.8%) 344 (11.1%) 334 (9.3%) 74 (9.1%) 1659 (9.9%)
Male 8344 (90.2%) 2754 (88.9%) 3252 (90.7%) 741 (90.9%) 15091 (90.1%)
Missing 1 0 0 3 4
ASA grade
ASA I-II 7530 (81.4%) 2852 (92.1%) 3462 (96.5%) 787 (96.6%) 14631 (87.3%)
ASA III-V 1661 (18.0%) 240 (7.7%) 116 (3.2%) 21 (2.6%) 2038 (12.2%)
Not recorded 61 (0.7%) 6 (0.2%) 8 (0.2%) 7 (0.9%) 82 (0.5%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 3 3
Co-morbidities
None 6948 (75.1%) 2479 (80.1%) 3121 (87.0%) 706 (86.3%) 13254 (79.1%)
One 1714 (18.5%) 496 (16.0%) 384 (10.7%) 100 (12.2%) 2694 (16.1%)
Two 456 (4.9%) 93 (3.0%) 73 (2.0%) 9 (1.1%) 631 (3.8%)
Three or more 130 (1.4%) 26 (0.8%) 5 (0.1%) 0 (0.0%) 161 (1.0%)
(Missing) 4 3 3 3 13
Symptoms
Asymptomatic 1312 (14.2%) 520 (16.8%) 974 (27.2%) 117 (14.3%) 2923 (17.4%)
Symptomatic 7940 (85.8%) 2578 (83.2%) 2612 (72.8%) 701 (85.7%) 13831 (82.6%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Hernia size
Limited to inguinal region 7869 (85.1%) 2348 (75.8%) 2247 (62.7%) 583 (71.5%) 13047 (77.9%)
Limited to scrotum 1306 (14.1%) 719 (23.2%) 1291 (36.0%) 224 (27.5%) 3540 (21.1%)
Extend to mid-thigh or beyond 77 (0.8%) 31 (1.0%) 48 (1.3%) 8 (1.0%) 164 (1.0%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 3 3
Contamination
Clean 9194 (99.4%) 2883 (93.1%) 3479 (97.0%) 814 (99.5%) 16370 (97.7%)
Clean-Contaminated 53 (0.6%) 212 (6.8%) 104 (2.9%) 4 (0.5%) 373 (2.2%)
Contaminated 4 (0.0%) 2 (0.1%) 2 (0.1%) 0 (0.0%) 8 (0.0%)
Dirty 1 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.0%)
(Missing) 0 1 0 0 1
Hernia defect size
< 1.5cm 2062 (22.3%) 659 (21.3%) 932 (26.0%) 220 (26.9%) 3873 (23.1%)
1.5cm to 3cm 3689 (39.9%) 1160 (37.4%) 1306 (36.4%) 337 (41.2%) 6492 (38.8%)
>3cm 1806 (19.5%) 871 (28.1%) 1027 (28.6%) 192 (23.5%) 3896 (23.3%)
Not known 1692 (18.3%) 408 (13.2%) 321 (9.0%) 69 (8.4%) 2490 (14.9%)
(Missing) 3 0 0 0 3

Data are n (%) unless stated otherwise. Denominators for each group are presented at the top row.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income country,
ASA: American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System grade.

41
 Supplementary table 5: Included elective, adult patients and intra-operative
characteristics across income groups

HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Total

(n=8,916) (n=2,575) (n=2,642) (n=635) (n=14,768)
Age, years
Median 63.0 57.0 52.0 53.0 60.0
IQR (52.0 to 73.0) (45.0 to 67.0) (37.0 to 63.0) (36.0 to 63.5) (47.0 to 70.0)
Sex
Female 821 (9.2%) 219 (8.5%) 142 (5.4%) 46 (7.2%) 1228 (8.3%)
Male 8094 (90.8%) 2356 (91.5%) 2500 (94.6%) 589 (92.8%) 13539 (91.7%)
(Missing) 1 0 0 0 1
ASA grade
ASA I-II 7211 (80.9%) 2337 (90.8%) 2536 (96.0%) 607 (95.6%) 12691 (85.9%)
ASA III-V 1645 (18.4%) 234 (9.1%) 105 (4.0%) 21 (3.3%) 2005 (13.6%)
Not recorded 60 (0.7%) 4 (0.2%) 1 (0.0%) 7 (1.1%) 72 (0.5%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Co-morbidities
None 6613 (74.2%) 1961 (76.2%) 2195 (83.1%) 526 (82.8%) 11295 (76.5%)
One 1713 (19.2%) 491 (19.1%) 367 (13.9%) 100 (15.7%) 2671 (18.1%)
Two 456 (5.1%) 93 (3.6%) 72 (2.7%) 9 (1.4%) 630 (4.3%)
Three or more 130 (1.5%) 26 (1.0%) 5 (0.2%) 161 (1.1%)
(Missing) 4 3 3 0 10
Symptoms
Asymptomatic 1106 (12.4%) 293 (11.4%) 580 (22.0%) 60 (9.4%) 2039 (13.8%)
Symptomatic 7810 (87.6%) 2282 (88.6%) 2062 (78.0%) 575 (90.6%) 12729 (86.2%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Hernia size
Limited to inguinal region 7576 (85.0%) 1977 (76.8%) 1698 (64.3%) 482 (75.9%) 11733 (79.4%)
Limited to scrotum 1263 (14.2%) 569 (22.1%) 903 (34.2%) 147 (23.1%) 2882 (19.5%)
Extend to mid-thigh or beyond 77 (0.9%) 29 (1.1%) 41 (1.6%) 6 (0.9%) 153 (1.0%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Contamination
Clean 8858 (99.3%) 2383 (92.5%) 2546 (96.4%) 632 (99.5%) 14419 (97.6%)
Clean-Contaminated 53 (0.6%) 190 (7.4%) 93 (3.5%) 3 (0.5%) 339 (2.3%)
Contaminated 4 (0.0%) 2 (0.1%) 2 (0.1%) 0 (0.0%) 8 (0.1%)
Dirty 1 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.0%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Hernia defect size
< 1.5cm 1866 (20.9%) 456 (17.7%) 425 (16.1%) 138 (21.7%) 2885 (19.5%)
1.5cm to 3cm 3654 (41.0%) 1018 (39.5%) 1063 (40.2%) 296 (46.6%) 6031 (40.8%)
>3cm 1804 (20.2%) 820 (31.8%) 920 (34.8%) 175 (27.6%) 3719 (25.2%)
Not known 1590 (17.8%) 281 (10.9%) 234 (8.9%) 26 (4.1%) 2131 (14.4%)
(Missing) 2 0 0 0 2

Data are n (%) unless stated otherwise. Denominators for each group are presented at the top row.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income country,
ASA: American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System grade.

42
 Supplementary table 6: Included patients eligible for day case surgery and
intra-operative characteristics across income groups

HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Total

(n=7,189) (n=2,332) (n=2,532) (n=605) (n=12,658)
Age, years
Median 61.0 56.0 51.0 52.0 58.0
IQR (50.0 to 70.0) (43.0 to 66.0) (36.0 to 62.0) (35.0 to 62.0) (45.0 to 68.0)
Sex
Female 681 (9.5%) 207 (8.9%) 137 (5.4%) 46 (7.6%) 1071 (8.5%)
Male 6507 (90.5%) 2125 (91.1%) 2395 (94.6%) 559 (92.4%) 11586 (91.5%)
(Missing) 1 0 0 0 1
Co-morbidities
None 6037 (84.0%) 1882 (80.7%) 2168 (85.6%) 512 (84.6%) 10599 (83.7%)
One 1011 (14.1%) 384 (16.5%) 315 (12.4%) 85 (14.0%) 1795 (14.2%)
Two 127 (1.8%) 49 (2.1%) 44 (1.7%) 8 (1.3%) 228 (1.8%)
Three or more 10 (0.1%) 14 (0.6%) 2 (0.1%) 0 (0.0%) 26 (0.2%)
(Missing) 4 (0.1%) 2 (0.1%) 3 (0.1%) 9 (0.1%)
Symptoms
Asymptomatic 929 (12.9%) 275 (11.8%) 566 (22.4%) 57 (9.4%) 1827 (14.4%)
Symptomatic 6260 (87.1%) 2057 (88.2%) 1966 (77.6%) 548 (90.6%) 10831 (85.6%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Hernia size
Limited to inguinal region 6274 (87.3%) 1813 (77.7%) 1638 (64.7%) 462 (76.4%) 10187 (80.5%)
Limited to scrotum 872 (12.1%) 494 (21.2%) 862 (34.0%) 138 (22.8%) 2366 (18.7%)
Extend to mid-thigh or beyond 43 (0.6%) 25 (1.1%) 32 (1.3%) 5 (0.8%) 105 (0.8%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Contamination
Clean 7147 (99.4%) 2150 (92.2%) 2442 (96.4%) 603 (99.7%) 12342 (97.5%)
Clean-Contaminated 39 (0.5%) 181 (7.8%) 88 (3.5%) 2 (0.3%) 310 (2.4%)
Contaminated 3 (0.0%) 1 (0.0%) 2 (0.1%) 0 (0.0%) 6 (0.0%)
Dirty 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Hernia defect size
< 1.5cm 1647 (22.9%) 417 (17.9%) 413 (16.3%) 131 (21.7%) 2608 (20.6%)
1.5cm to 3cm 2997 (41.7%) 943 (40.4%) 1019 (40.2%) 286 (47.3%) 5245 (41.4%)
>3cm 1300 (18.1%) 723 (31.0%) 876 (34.6%) 164 (27.1%) 3063 (24.2%)
Not known 1243 (17.3%) 249 (10.7%) 224 (8.8%) 24 (4.0%) 1740 (13.7%)
(Missing) 2 0 0 0 2

Data are n (%) unless stated otherwise. Denominators for each group are presented at the top row.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income
country, ASA: American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System grade.

43
 Supplementary table 7: Hospitals characteristics across income groups

HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Total

(n=9,808) (n=3,366) (n=3,948) (n=936) (n=18,058)
Type of hospital
Primary level 1002 (10.3%) 129 (3.9%) 201 (5.1%) 164 (18.1%) 1496 (8.4%)
Secondary level 3562 (36.6%) 598 (18.1%) 490 (12.4%) 96 (10.6%) 4746 (26.5%)
Tertiary level 5168 (53.1%) 2572 (78.0%) 3257 (82.5%) 648 (71.4%) 11645 (65.1%)
(Missing) 76 67 0 28 171
Hospital funding
Public 8507 (87.4%) 2651 (80.4%) 3023 (76.6%) 839 (92.4%) 15020 (84.0%)
Private 582 (6.0%) 532 (16.1%) 805 (20.4%) 69 (7.6%) 1988 (11.1%)
Public-Private 643 (6.6%) 116 (3.5%) 120 (3.0%) 0 (0.0%) 879 (4.9%)
(Missing) 76 67 0 28 171
Surgical emergency service
Yes - surgery available 24h 8989 (92.4%) 3031 (91.9%) 3756 (95.1%) 667 (73.5%) 16443 (91.9%)
Yes - surgery only during daytime 490 (5.0%) 66 (2.0%) 142 (3.6%) 157 (17.3%) 855 (4.8%)
Yes - for assessment only 184 (1.9%) 140 (4.2%) 50 (1.3%) 12 (1.3%) 386 (2.2%)
No 69 (0.7%) 62 (1.9%) 0 (0.0%) 72 (7.9%) 203 (1.1%)
(Missing) 76 67 0 28 171

Data are n (%) unless stated otherwise. Denominators for each group are presented at the top row.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income country.

44
 Supplementary table 8: Hospitals characteristics across income groups, based
on the number of hospitals.

HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Total

(n=303) (n=145) (n=146) (n=46) (n=640)
Type of hospital
Primary level 32 (10.8%) 12 (8.7%) 17 (11.6%) 10 (22.7%) 71 (11.4%)
Secondary level 115 (38.9%) 48 (34.8%) 27 (18.5%) 8 (18.2%) 198 (31.7%)
Tertiary level 149 (50.3%) 78 (56.5%) 102 (69.9%) 26 (59.1%) 355 (56.9%)
(Missing) 7 7 0 2 16
Hospital funding
Public 255 (86.1%) 103 (74.6%) 103 (70.5%) 39 (88.6%) 500 (80.1%)
Private 22 (7.4%) 29 (21.0%) 37 (25.3%) 5 (11.4%) 93 (14.9%)
Public-Private 19 (6.4%) 6 (4.3%) 6 (4.1%) 0 (0.0%) 31 (5.0%)
(Missing) 7 7 0 2 16
Surgical emergency service
Yes – surgery available 24 h 270 (91.2%) 121 (87.7%) 138 (94.5%) 36 (81.8%) 565 (90.5%)
Yes - surgery only during daytime 18 (6.1%) 9 (6.5%) 6 (4.1%) 4 (9.1%) 37 (5.9%)
Yes - assessment only 3 (1.0%) 3 (2.2%) 2 (1.4%) 2 (4.5%) 10 (1.6%)
No 5 (1.7%) 5 (3.6%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (4.5%) 12 (1.9%)
(Missing) 7 7 0 2 16

Data are n (%) unless stated otherwise. Denominators for each group are presented at the top row.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income country.

45
 Supplementary table 9: Key performance measures to evaluate access and
quality.
HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Total
ACCESS AND COVERAGE
Total n=9,808 n=3,366 n=3,948 n=936 n=18,058
Emergency surgery
Yes 545 (5.6%) 268 (8.0%) 360 (9.1%) 114 (12.2%) 1287 (7.1%)
No 9252 (94.4%) 3098 (92.0%) 3586 (90.9%) 818 (87.8%) 16754 (92.9%)
(Missing) 11 0 2 4 17
Bowel resection
Yes 105 (1.1%) 49 (1.5%) 106 (2.7%) 36 (3.9%) 296 (1.6%)
No 9693 (98.9%) 3316 (98.5%) 3839 (97.3%) 896 (96.1%) 17744 (98.3%)
(Missing) 10 1 3 4 18
Total n=9,252 n=3,098 n=35,86 n=818 n=16,754
Waiting time to elective surgery
Median 9.8 months 7.0 months 6.0 months 7.0 months 8.0 months
(IQR) (4.5 to 20.7) (3.0 to 18.7) (2.2 to 17.2) (2.0 to 17.9) (3.3 to 20.0)
(Missing) 16 3 2 3 24
Waiting time before diagnosis
Median 4.0 months 4.0 months 4.0 months 5.0 months 4.0 months
(IQR) (1.4 to 11.1) (1.3 to 11.8) (1.2 to 12.0) (1.6 to 11.9) (1.4 to 11.7)
(Missing) 1 0 0 0 1
Waiting time after diagnosis
Median 4.5 months 2.5 months 2.0 months 0.9 months 3.2 months
(IQR) (2.0 to 9.8) (1.0 to 6.5) (0.5 to 5.8) (0.3 to 3.8) (1.2 to 8.4)
(Missing) 5 2 2 3 12
Waiting time after decision for
surgery
Median 2.7 months 1.0 months 0.5 months 0.2 months 1.6 months
(IQR) (1.2 to 5.6) (0.3 to 2.1) (0.1 to 1.7) (0.1 to 0.7) (0.5 to 3.9)
(Missing) 3 0 0 3 6
QUALITY AND SAFETY
Total n=8,916 n=2,575 n=2,642 n=635 n=14,768
Mesh use
Yes 8842 (99.2%) 2465 (95.7%) 2231 (84.4%) 457 (72.0%) 13995 (94.8%)
No 74 (0.8%) 110 (4.3%) 411 (15.6%) 178 (28.0%) 773 (5.2%)
(Missing) 0 0 0 0 0
Total n=7,198 n=2,332 n=2,532 n=605 n=12,658
Day case adoption
Yes 4464 (62.2%) 1064 (45.7%) 844 (33.3%) 368 (60.8%) 6740 (53.3%)
No 2709 (37.8%) 1264 (54.3%) 1688 (66.7%) 237 (39.2%) 5898 (46.7%)
(Missing) 16 4 0 0 20
Total n=9,808 n=3,366 n=3,948 n=936 n=18,058
Postoperative complications
Yes 1187 (12.1%) 446 (13.3%) 634 (16.1%) 148 (15.9%) 2415 (13.4%)
Clavien-Dindo I 885 (9.1%) 316 (9.4%) 493 (12.5%) 114 (12.2%) 1808 (10.0%)
Clavien-Dindo II 208 (2.1%) 83 (2.5%) 110 (2.8%) 26 (2.8%) 427 (2.4%)
Clavien-Dindo III 84 (0.9%) 40 (1.2%) 24 (0.6%) 4 (0.4%) 152 (0.8%)
Clavien-Dindo IV 7 (0.1%) 3 (0.1%) 2 (0.1%) 0 (0.0%) 12 (0.1%)
Clavien-Dindo V 3 (0.0%) 4 (0.1%) 5 (0.1%) 4 (0.4%) 16 (0.1%)
No 8592 (87.9%) 2917 (86.7%) 3311 (83.9%) 783 (84.1%) 15603 (86.6%)
(Missing) 29 3 3 5 40

The table shows the number of patients experiencing each outcome, part of the key performance measures, except for waiting
times. The rates presented are unadjusted rates. Waiting times are presented with median and interquartile range.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income country.

46
 Supplementary table 10: Additional descriptive measures to evaluate access
and quality.

HIC UMIC LMIC LIC Total

(n=9,808) (n=3,366) (n=3,948) (n=936) (n=18,058)
ACCESS
Standardised patient pathways
Yes 8054 (82.8%) 2045 (62.0%) 2035 (51.5%) 653 (71.9%) 12787 (71.5%)
No 1678 (17.2%) 1254 (38.0%) 1913 (48.5%) 255 (28.1%) 5100 (28.5%)
(Missing) 76 67 0 28 171
Waiting list management
Yes 9079 (93.3%) 2977 (90.2%) 3218 (81.5%) 856 (94.3%) 16130 (90.2%)
No 653 (6.7%) 322 (9.8%) 730 (18.5%) 52 (5.7%) 1757 (9.8%)
(Missing) 76 67 0 28 171
Availability of day case surgical unit
Yes 9055 (93.0%) 2637 (79.9%) 2984 (75.6%) 760 (83.7%) 15436 (86.3%)
No 677 (7.0%) 662 (20.1%) 964 (24.4%) 148 (16.3%) 2451 (13.7%)
(Missing) 76 67 0 28 171
Financing methods
Insurance by the government 8818 (90.6%) 2420 (73.4%) 2411 (61.1%) 648 (71.4%) 14297 (79.9%)
1
Other insurance 605 (6.2%) 594 (18.0%) 169 (4.3%) 5 (0.6%) 1373 (7.7%)
Out of pocket 97 (1.0%) 120 (3.6%) 1081 (27.4%) 189 (20.8%) 1487 (8.3%)
2
Other 212 (2.2%) 165 (5.0%) 287 (7.3%) 66 (7.3%) 730 (4.1%)
(Missing) 76 67 0 28 171
QUALITY
Primary operator
Senior surgeon 7181 (73.3%) 2469 (73.4%) 2530 (64.1%) 572 (61.4%) 12752 (70.7%)
Trainee surgeon 2605 (26.6%) 847 (25.2%) 1372 (34.8%) 349 (37.4%) 5173 (28.7%)
Non surgeon,
12 (0.1%) 50 (1.5%) 44 (1.1%) 11 (1.2%) 117 (0.6%)
medical practitioners
(Missing) 10 0 2 4 16
Anaesthesia variation
General 5867 (59.9%) 1920 (57.0%) 1551 (39.3%) 320 (34.3%) 9658 (53.5%)
Spinal 2633 (26.9%) 1228 (36.5%) 1890 (47.9%) 548 (58.8%) 6299 (34.9%)
Loco-regional 239 (2.4%) 83 (2.5%) 68 (1.7%) 21 (2.3%) 411 (2.3%)
Local 1059 (10.8%) 135 (4.0%) 433 (11.0%) 43 (4.6%) 1670 (9.3%)
(Missing) 10 0 4 4 18
Surgical approach variation
Open 7075 (72.2%) 2606 (77.4%) 3513 (89.0%) 923 (99.0%) 14117 (78.2%)
MIS / MIS converted 2723 (27.8%) 759 (22.6%) 433 (11.0%) 9 (1.0%) 3924 (21.8%)
(Missing) 10 1 2 4 17

Data are n (%) unless stated otherwise. Denominators for each group are presented at the top row.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income country,
1 Other insurance included insurance provided by the employer, insurance that the patients has privately arranged and paid for

and insurance but unknown how it was arranged.

2 Other included external funds or grants awarded by charities and non-governmental organisations and other methods of payment

not mentioned elsewhere.

47
Supplementary figure 1: Flowchart of included patients according to income
groups and urgency of surgery.

*invalid data included records with incomplete dates, invalid age or inconsistent data that were identified and excluded
during data cleaning.
HIC: high-income country, UMIC: upper-middle-income country, LMIC: lower-middle-income country, LIC: low-income
country.

48
Supplementary figure 2: Global distribution of included patients

49
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1. Samuel JC, Tyson AF, Mabedi C, et al. Development of a ratio of emergent to total hernia
repairs as a surgical capacity metric. Int J Surg. 2014;12(9):906-11. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.07.019

2. Kockerling F, Heine T, Adolf D, et al. Trends in Emergent Groin Hernia Repair-An Analysis
From the Herniamed Registry. Front Surg. 2021;8:655755. doi:10.3389/fsurg.2021.655755

3. van Ginneken E, Reed S, Siciliani L, et al. Addressing backlogs and managing waiting lists
during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. 2022. European Observatory Policy Briefs.

4. HerniaSurge Group. International guidelines for groin hernia management. Hernia. Feb
2018;22(1):1-165. doi:10.1007/s10029-017-1668-x

5. World Health Organization. Patient S. WHO guidelines for safe surgery 2009 : safe surgery
saves lives. World Health Organization, Patient Safety; 2009.

6. Bailey CR, Ahuja M, Bartholomew K, et al. Guidelines for day-case surgery 2019: Guidelines
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50