John Carlo R.
Tabije, CE
Instructor I
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
ON CRACKED – ELASTIC STRESSES
STAGE
• If Ma Mcr , (fa fr)
Uncracked
Icr = Ig
• If Ma Mcr , (fa fr)
Icr ≠ Ig Cracked
• When the bending moment is sufficiently large to cause the tensile
stress in the extreme fibers to be greater than the modulus of
rupture, it is assumed that all of the concrete on the tensile side of
the beam is cracked and must be neglected in the flexure calculations.
fc
fs
• Singly Reinforced Beam under Cracked Stage
b
fc
x
d N.A
h d-x
As n As fs /n
b [a] Transformed section [b] Stress Diagram
• The ratio of the steel modulus to the concrete modulus
𝐸𝑠
𝑛=
𝐸𝑐
• Es = 200,000 Mpa
• Ec = 4700 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 (normal-weight)
• Modular ratio is used to convert the area of steel with an equivalent
area of concrete
• Doubly Reinforced Beam under Cracked Stage
(2n – 1) As b
fc
x f ’s/2n
d As’
h N.A
d-x
As n As fs /n
b [a] Transformed section [b] Stress Diagram
𝐼 = 𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 + Ʃ 𝐴𝑑2 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙
𝑀𝑦 𝑓𝑠 𝑀 𝑦 𝑓 ′𝑠 𝑀 𝑦
𝑓𝑐 = = =
𝐼 𝑛 𝐼 2𝑛 𝐼
[a] Concrete [b] Tension Steel [c] Compression Steel
1. Transform the Steel Section.
2. Locate the neutral axis.
3. Compute the moment of inertia.
4. Compute for the stresses.
• Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam under cracked stage
1. [a] Calculate the bending stresses in the beam
shown by using the transformed area method . f ’c
= 21 Mpa, n = 9 and M = 94.93 kN.m ; [b]
Determine the allowable resisting moment of the
beam if the allowable stresses are fc = 9.30 MPa
and fs = 138 MPa.
• Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam under cracked stage
2. Compute the bending stresses in the beam shown
by using the transformed-area method; n = 8 and
M = 149.17 kN.m.
• Singly Reinforced T-Beam under cracked stage
3. Calculate the bending stresses in the
concrete and the reinforcing steel,
using the transformed area method;
f ’c = 21 MPa, normal-weight
concrete, n = 9, M = 340 kN.m.
• Doubly Reinforced Beam under cracked stage
1. Determine the following:
a. Cracking moment (kN.m)
b. Compressive stress felt by
concrete
c. Tension stress felt by the tension
bars
d. Compression stress felt by the
compression bars
e. Moment of inertia under critical
condition
Get in Touch
With Us
Send us a message or
visit us
City of Batac, Ilocos Norte,
Philippines
(63) 77-600-0459
[email protected] Follow us for updates
facebook.com/MMSUofficial
www.mmsu.edu.ph
