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Chapter ll

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Foreign Literature

According to Durga et al., (2023) A library is a place where a collection of books

is available which can access by the users. It enhances the various parts of knowledge

and civilization among the students. It guides students to promote their views. It always

needs human support to do any activities in a traditional library. The details of books are

scribbled on the paper for reference. To examine any data, they have to refer to the

notebooks. They have to align books on the shelves and mark them. Missing or theft the

book will be a serious confusion disaster for librarians. Therefore, it causes monotonous

among the staff. Consequently, it builds headaches among the students due to the slow

process of staff. In order to counter measure this they bring a the llibrary into a

techinological way , that reduce the word burden,organize , manage and etc. They

presented a process called the Librarymanagement system.

A library management system is a technology that can be used by any

institution's library that is currently managed in a traditional or conventional manner to

improve productivity and reduce workload. The time-consuming, manual process of

finding a book and giving it to the student is a hindrance to producing reports quickly.

This software offers a centralized database that is maintained for every important

record book transactions, book borrowing histories, and library activities. Any institution

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or organization, including engineering, law, medicine, schools, colleges, corporations,

research centers, and many more, can benefit from this system. (Singh et al., 2020)

The importance of integrated systems, Since libraries throughout the world have

understood the necessity of transitioning from their manual procedures to integrated

systems, the significance of integrated systems in library activities such as cataloging,

circulation, acquisition, serials administration, etc., is no longer in question. The work

that was done in libraries was done manually and separately before it was computerized.

Users manually checked out books by writing their names on cue cards that were then

kept at the circulation desk. Selectors placed material orders using ordering slips, and

librarians manually cataloged and indexed items using the card catalog system (which

kept all bibliographic data on a single index card). Academic libraries in Nigeria are

transforming from their formerly isolated past into integrated systems and networked

operations thanks to the invention of computers.

Application of ICT to almost all spheres of life is no longer a new

phenomenon Academic libraries in Nigeria are making every effort to catch up with their

counterparts in the developed world, as Khalid (2000) notes, "networked and integrated

functions draw on the experiences of the evolution of libraries in developed countries."

Omeluzor, Adara, Ezinwayi, Bamidele: A librarian must use current software to manage

normal library tasks and adapt to the changing environment and the use of current

software to manage library routine activities. (Uzomba et al., 2015)

Barcode is an automatic identification technology component that stores real-

time data. By measuring the intensity of the reflected barcode light, a reader may simply

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recover and decode the numbers and letters encoded in the vertical rows of bars. In

almost all industries, barcode technology has replaced keyboard data entry because it is

quicker and more precise. Point-of-sale systems are frequently created using barcode

technology (Obsanga and Enierga, 2021)

The assignment of distinct ISBN numbers for each title and a corresponding

barcode symbol on the back cover are requirements for selling physical books through

booksellers, wholesalers, and distributors. ISBN identification is a global standard to

specifically identify individual titles and formats. Processing payments and supply

chains efficiently benefits from proper identification. An ISBN agency has been

established in each nation to manage tasks and follow standards. Physical books

(paperback, hardback, etc.) need barcode development for the ISBN assignment to

enable the book to be tracked through the supply chain and point-of-sale. Publisher

Services is an authorized agent of the US ISBN agency. It must be converted into a

scannable barcode in order for bookstores to automatically record it. With the help of

ISBN technology, Because it allows for the encoding of ISBNs, the Bookland EAN symbol

is the preferred barcode in the book industry globally. Larger book stores and many book

wholesalers require that the books they handle be marked with the Bookland EAN

barcode. When a book has this machine-readable code on it, a retailer can scan the

symbol and quickly and electronically identify the book by its ISBN (”Publisher Services”,

2014).

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Local Literature

According to Santos (2020), Putting in place a digital library system will aid the

librarian in guiding students through the literature at Baliwag Polytechnic College.

Screening the library's materials so he can review them early would be beneficial. Every

conversation that the staff has needs to be positively documented. Recordings are one

of the most effective methods of observation because inaccurate instrument analysis

could compromise the accuracy of the information found in books. Since the library

fills a dynamic source of knowledge of each understudy. It would be an

incredible assistance for them if the time he/she isbeing consumed is the time of

consideration in only a tick. Having the framework might let the analyst track down the

best book he/she wants.

An SMS notification system integrated with a web-based library management

system aids in the efficient management of library service delivery. It will be used to

construct a library system for Fortunato F. Halili National Agricultural School while

planning and carrying out library automation projects.Time and effort are saved by

eliminating the manual process and simplifying the book-issuing process. The

availability of a particular book can also be checked online by students. As a result, the

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library will operate more effectively. With the help of a decent library management

system, librarians should be able to manage library resources more efficiently and so

spend less time and effort doing so.(Cañete & Itchon, 2016)

An automated library system simply replaced the Quezon City Public Library. The

researchers initially determined what issues they would be attempting to resolve. The

project's success led to the creation of a computerized library system that is safe, easy

to use, accurate, and accessible.(Tampipi,2020)

According to Eden (2011), In light of having a more improved and modernized

framework for their library, most libraries are forced to operate with fewer staff

members. According to the review, the Barry organization needs to emphasize to its

staff that the association has a personal stake in providing them with the tools and

training they need to assist the association in the new datacommercial center. Web

crawlers, flow frameworks, and browsing online literature are a few examples of these.

Angway, Timothy Jue, Lictao, Reivuhrn Andrie, Magmoyao, Arlene, Tacdoy,

Revelation (2019) conducted a study about the library management system of Baguio

City National Science High School. The librarian at Baguio City National Science High

School uses the automated library management system, which is a very effective part of

the software. Since the Baguio City National Science School library needs a library

management system. For the librarian, students, and teachers, the researchers aim to

develop a library management system. The following criteria will be implemented by the

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researchers to assess the functionality, acceptability, and security of the library

management system. The results of the research imply that the library management

system is only barely useful for running the school's library. The study's findings

indicated that the security and GUI levels of efficiency had reached the qualified level,

which corresponds to the third and fourth levels of their respective Likert scales,

indicating that the system was only marginally effective. Given that some of the

system's functionalities are experiencing failures, it is also only marginally functional.

The researchers advise further development and expansion of the library management

system so that it can operate at its maximum capacity and be useful for managing the

school's library.

Foreign Studies

Anant Madhav Kulkarni, Muthumari Pandiyan, Gauri Prabhas Patankar (2023)

from Alagappa University in Karaikudi, India conducted a study about Smart Usage of

Koha in an Open Source Library Management System. In order to maintain their

competitiveness in the new knowledge society and fulfill international standards,

academic libraries are turning to Koha and other readily available automation

technologies. Koha, the first open-source library management system, is used by more

than 15,000 libraries globally.

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Enhancing user participation, engagement, and cooperation in libraries is one of

the largest difficulties facing information professionals, despite the importance of

automating the management of library resources. his study utilizes a productive way

that can enhance a library's environment to identify factors or techniques that affect

Koha's SMART usage. Koha aids in the collaboration between library personnel and

patrons as well as the development of ICT skills in library professionals. Such a

collaborative educational technology platform promotes and efficiently facilitates

knowledge transfer.

The article also covers how to add Koha plugins, configure Koha, and use Koha

to access social media, all of which will make any library TECHNO SMARTER. The Koha

ILS (Integrated Library System) SMART use is crucial since it enables libraries to more

efficiently manage their resources and give their customers better services. To handle

the library's holdings of books, periodicals, and other materials, Koha offers a

consolidated database.

This facilitates the library's inventory management. It makes certain that

materials are appropriately cataloged, categorized, and shelved. It offers a user-friendly

interface that makes finding and using library materials simple for users. To give

consumers a smooth experience, the system also interfaces with other systems, such

as digital collections and online catalogs. Koha automates a lot of the repetitive

activities relating to the management of libraries, including fines, check-ins, and check-

outs.

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This lessens the need for manual labor reduce errors and boost productivity.

Koha offers a plethora of information that may be utilized to support decision-making

and assess how well library programs and services work. Reports and data analytics

produced by the system can be used to determine trends, usage statistics, and the

effects of library initiatives are all tracked. Koha is an open-source product, so libraries

can use it compared to proprietary systems, can reduce licensing costs. Koha ILS's

SMART implementation offers libraries a number of advantages, including better

resource management, improved user experience, increased productivity, better data

analytics, and cost savings. The system can also be modified to meet the unique needs

of considerably reducing costs, each library's requirements.

According to Zainal et al.,(2019), Libraries are considered as the core of

research at educational institutions like as colleges and universities. The library contains

the books and scientific materials that are needed by the Academics, students, and all

those interested in learning from across the world. These libraries need should be

handled, which is referred to as library management, which is the management of the

library's resources resources and utilizing library workers to avoid any errors from

occurring During the publication and re-publication of the works.

Depending on the definition of library management and exploitation of

technological developments, Especially computer technology Some systems have been

developed to facilitate the management of library resources.to avoid repeating the

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mistakes of the past in library work. You need to safeguard the library, These systems

are known as library management systems, and they protect resources from damage or

loss.These systems are known as library management systems.A lot of technologies

have been used to build library management systems, such as RFID, cloud computing, IR,

and robots, etc.

The purpose of this Library management systems are to serve support both

librarians and users. the people who will be using the library's materials to improve the

way they work decrease errors that happen when providing library services, such as

borrowing, Returning and reserving books, as well as protecting the library's materials

from theft In addition to maintaining an archive for the library's books, which are lost,

delayed, or abused.

According to a study from the Rizvi College of Engineering at the University of

Mumbai in India, modern organizations are programmed, and every task carried out by a

computer is done in accordance with the instructions provided to it. As a result,

coordination between people and computers is therefore crucial. The Covid-19

pandemic made attending libraries difficult, aggravating other people's educational and

exploratory endeavors. It was assumed that electronic media gatherings would be the

solution to the problems addressed by the traditional libraries.

Libraries in developed countries have already shifted to SMS communication to

communicate with their patrons, providing them the appropriate cautions and warnings

Everyone from students to educators to administrators will benefit from an automated

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foundation for a library. a platform that is capable of carrying out any task that a typical

library would. Everyone will profit from using this program, which is about the digitization

of traditional library processes, including staff, professors, and students. Through this

application, a librarian will be able to respond to their association for the daily library

assignments they receive from anywhere.

Additionally, when going to a library, employees, teachers, and students can save

a great lot of time in a variety of situations. E-content can be incorporated into the

library's structure to let patrons study easily and attend lectures at their convenience (in

terms of time and speed). There is still so much room for development and

improvement, and it addresses a lot of the topics covered by the conventional libraries. K.

Veeranjaneyulu (2012) has described the collection development process inArcharya N.

G. Ranga Agricultural University Library, Hyderabad.

Similarly,Rubinandhini (2012) has conducted a survey on collection development

inPeriyar University Library, Tamil Nadu. Her findings have revealed that theiruniversity

library provides many printed and e-resource facilities to its users. The university library

is a key player in the innovations of discovering novel ideas to benefit society as a whole.

Additionally, K. For libraries in Puducherry, Palanivel (2012) has programmed a

cooperative collection development model. Using the projected Puducherry Library

Network (PUDULIBNET) and the National Knowledge Network/National Mission on

Education through Information and Communication Technology, its primary goal was to

disseminate information by networking and exchanging resources.

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The user would be able to access resources from Puducherry's libraries.

He also spoke on the e-resources available at the Pondicherry University Library in

Pondicherry. The main reason for incorporating an SMS-based content alarm into the

library system is to save time and money while still being useful to the bookkeeper and

supporters. As a result, it was intended for the system to notify the supporters via ready

SMS of the due date for returning the book as well as the availability of the book kept.

Additionally, the Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) framework and the electronic

framework with SMS warning were coordinated to increase the capability of library

administrations.

Fatima and Ansari, (2017) on their study mentioned that the department of

library and information science of Aligarh Muslim University is the first department

which introduced Barcode technology in its library. The authors have tried to assess the

impact of Barcode technology in seminar library and also point out that the users of the

seminar library have been benefitted with the application of Barcode technology. The

interview method was applied to seek opinions from students, research scholars and

faculty members of the department regarding the utility of Barcode in seminar library.

Rahaman (2016) on his article mentioned that Barcode, QR code and RFID are becoming

very useful technology not only to serve the users‘ but for library security also. The

overall technology, its uses, benefits, challenges of using these technologies were also

conferred here. At the end, a case study has been done on Central Library, NIT, Rourkela

about implement and uses of these technologies and proficient their users‘ satisfaction.

Islam and Shuva (2010) on their study explored the usage and applications of Barcode

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technologies. A survey has been carried out in eight libraries in Dhaka City of Bangladesh.

The survey included the following: Inception year, software used to Barcode, areas in

which Barcodes are being used in libraries, training of library staff, and gratification of

users and information specialists and also the merits and demerits of Barcode

technologies in the library.

Local Studies

Ulep D., Uy M. A.,Dalida L., Castro I., Encarnation J. M., & Pornasdoro R. (2020)

According to their study that is aimed to developing a Library Management System for

Novaliches High School. Benefitting not only the user but also the librarian with the

features provided. This features were efficiency in logging in and out of users, safety of

records and allowing the librarian to recieve feedbacks from users.

The system's purpose is to efficiently monitor and track users with overdue books. Also

Improving on how the system approach users by assisting and helping them on their

necessities. The people involved used Visual Studio and My SQL database upon

developing the system. Focusing on the important function of managing books to be

able to avoid loss of resources.

Claudiok, Rafael Dino A., Esguerra, Karlo Ray L., Valdez, Kristine M. (2011)

conducted a study that aimed to create a computerized user monitoring and report

system for Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba's College Library. Barcode scanners

were used in the system's design to make it simple and quick for patrons to log in and

out, to track and recognize past patrons, and to produce the appropriate reports. The

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system's features were organized patron information, record security, and receiving

server comments and messages for open transactions.

The Library Services Department staff was questioned as part of the system's

need assessment. The information acquired was utilized to determine the current

method of keeping tabs on patrons and publishing reports. From these, the system's

design was conceptualized and created; the next phase was testing, during which the

selected respondents assessed the system to see if it met the criteria they were looking

for by responding to the questionnaires that were provided; and finally, frequency and

percentage were used to present the evaluation's findings in tables. The research results

indicated that the respondents strongly approved with the software's competence. The

system worked well because it made it easier to keep track of and generate the

necessary reports about library patrons.

According to Clamor, Macarilay, Sonajo, Taborada, Yamamoto et al., (2010),This

Research is about developing an automated library system for Navotas City

Library,developing an automated library system would benefit the following: library

customers, particularly students. They may simply discover the books they need using

an automated library system rather than the traditional method of searching for library

materials. Convenience is more obvious since it takes less time, resulting in a greater

quantity of completed works. Librarian(s) and library staff members.

The automated library system would increase the monitoring capabilities of

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individuals who manage the library. It would be easier to detect whether a certain book is

on-shelf or not. Furthermore, they can quickly determine when the borrowed material will

be returned and whether a borrower has failed to return the book on its due date.

Furthermore, the library staff would be greatly instructed towards identifying new

inventory books, allowing them to arrange it quickly and properly. It's the library. The

automated system would be beneficial to the library as a whole since it would attract a

large number of customers due to its technological environment.

The researchers of this study would obtain knowledge and expertise in

creating an automated library system for Navotas City Library as a result of this

investigation. the field of education, where learners and educators are active, they are

now accessing knowledge through the Internet. They do not, however, overlook the core

of a library: a collection of books and non-books for study and retrieval purposes.

Furthermore, the library is currently keeping up with modern technology, which involves

developing an automated library system to facilitate library operations.

In accordance with this, the proposed research investigates how an automated

library system will benefit the Library. An effective method include planning the data flow,

current and potential systems, and, most importantly, constructing an actual system

using Microsoft Access. According to the plan, it would save a significant amount of

time and work in documenting logged members, borrowed and returned books. It would

also eliminate mistakes in book filing and, most importantly, it would lower the expenses

of holding bulky information because the suggested research covers all of the main

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duties of a library.

The main library collection was combined with the core collection of the school

of management (SOM) Library at the Stanfilco Bldg, Ladislawa Avenue, Buhangin, Davao

City, when UP in Mindanao accepted its first batch of students in 1996, according to

Lopez (2010). The Filipiniana and general reference were housed together with the

collage of arts and science (CAS) collection of room 2 of the Philippines Coconut

Authority. The CAS Library relocated to its main campus in Bago Oshiro during the

second semester of Academic Year 1996-1997. After the Board of Regents (BOR)

recognized UP in Mindanao as a constituent unit (CU) of the UP system, CAS was

divided into two colleges: the College of Humanities and the College of Social Sciences.

Throughout the entire chapter's examination, numerous prior studies for library

management systems were examined, along with their advantages for library patrons,

such as tracking of the books and sorting or arranging library books. Even so, a number

of obstacles or issues must be resolved before the library management system may be

used to its full potential. These days, people can definitely benefit from it.

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