Rainfall is a precipitation

Hail big size

rain bearing
small size Weather phenomenon
black/dark grey coloured Nimbus Sleet
Frozen & refozen drops Lowest layer of the atmosphere
opaque to sunlight Low level Rainfall
occurs when surface of Earth Poles - 8 km
layered clouds Stratus Convectional Height
is heated up by the Sun
Equator - 18 km
flat base, cotton wool shaped
Clouds Orographic rainfall caused due to mountain
4000-7000 m Cumulus Tropopause divide Troposphere & Stratosphere
Cyclonic due to cyclone
does not rain generally decreases with altitude
High level
High altitude Troposphere Temperature
Lapse Rate
165m - 1 degree C
Feathery appearance Cirrus 1km - 6.5 degree C

does not cause rain

(78%) Nitrogen, (21%) Oxygen, (0.9%) Argon,
water vapour present in atmosphere Composition of gases
(0.036%) Carbon dioxide, Helium

actual amount of water vapour present in Tropospheric Ozone is bad for our environment
Absolute Humidity
atmosphere
Conduction - layer that’s near to Earth will
% of moisture present in atmosphere heat through conduction (also vertical)
compared to its full capacity
Relative Humidity Humidity
Convection - Vertically transfer of heat after
temperature at which saturation occurs Dew Point Atmosphere heats up due to
conduction

moisture that forms as a result of Advection - Horizontal transfer of heat

Dew
condensation eg: loo is a result of advection
Stratosphere
Big particles Fog Condensation
no solid surface needed, water vapour
condenses around hygroscopic particles Water
Small particles Mist Ozone layer is seen here which protects from

deposition of white crystals Frost (97.2%) Saline water

Atmosphere harmful UV rays

Coldest layer atmosphere Ozone layer seen b/w 30-35 km

Ice gaps/glaciers (2%)
68.7% of total fresh water Mesosphere Meteorites end here Temperature increases with altitude/moving
upwards
Ground water (0.68%) Temperature decrease with altitude
30.1% of total fresh water Jet planes fly in this layer

Lakes (0.4%) (2.8%) Fresh wate Ozone day - 16th Sept. 1987
Hottest layer
Atmosphere Stratopause divides Stratosphere & Mesosphere
Temperature increases with altitude
Rivers
known as Ionosphere layer (presence of Ions)
Thermosphere its Reflects Radiowaves
water (liquid) - water vapour (gas) Evaporation

boundary b/w the Earth’s atmosphere and

water vapour (gas) - water (liquid) Condensation Water Cycle Karman line
Exosphere (100km)
weather condition where something falling
Precipitation lines connecting the points having same
from sky (like - rain, snow, hail ) Isotherm
temperature