FINAL Exam Spring 2017

MATH 250 Elements of Statistics

Multiple Choice. Due to alternate methods of computation, there may be slight differences in answers. C
the problem number. Please do not add the "dot" (for example just type A instead of A. ). Also please do
to the right of the question as needed. Hypothesis testing templates are provided on the next worksheet.

D 1. Which one of the following describes a quantitative, discrete variable?

A. Eye color
B. Weights of new-born babies
C. License plate numbers
D. Number of vehicles on the Kansas Turnpike

C 2. A recent poll of 700 drivers on the Kansas Turnpike was conducted by selecting every 50 th vehicl

A. Convenience sampling
B. Stratified sampling
C. Systematic sampling
D. Random sampling

Problems 3 and 4 refer to the following data:

The following are speeds (miles per hour) of cars measured with a radar gun on the Kansas Turnpike.

70 78 76 74 79

B 3. Find the mean and median to the nearest tenth for this sample data.

A. Mean = 77, Median = 76.5

C. Mean = 77, Median = 79.0

B 4. Which of the following gives the sample standard deviation and the range of the data?
 A. SD = 3.2 B. SD = 2.8
Range = 11 Range = 9

A 5. A researcher obtains data by examining police records for the last ten years on violent crimes dur

A. Observational and Retrospective

B. Observational and Prospective
C. Experimental and Cross-sectional
D. Experimental and Retrospective

C 6. The following frequency distribution summarizes credit rating scores for 20 randomly chosen subj
credit rating scores.

Credit rating scores Frequency

500 – 549 1
550 – 599 1
600 – 649 1
650 – 699 4
700 – 749 5
750 – 799 5
800 – 849 3

A. Mean = 674.5 B. Mean = 699.0

Problems 7 and 8 refer to the following histogram, which represents test scores on a recent statistics tes
A 7. Identify the percent of scores that are less than or equal to 70.

A. 41.7% B. 58.3% C. 70.0%

D 8. Within which test score group would the first quartile (Q1) fall?

A. 11-20 B. 21-30 C. 41-50 D. 51-60

Problems 9 and 10 refer to the following box-and-whisker plots that compare the pulse rates of males an

Male pulse rate

49 55 …….60 …………..79

Female pulse rate

52 ...66 …… .75 84 98

C 9. Which distribution shape best describes the boxplot Female pulse rate?

A. Skewed right C. Uniform

B. Skewed left D. Normal
B 10. Which of the following statements is false concerning the box-and-whisker plots?

A. Male pulse rate has a larger interquartile range (IQR) than the IQR of female pulse rate
B. Male pulse rate has a larger median than female pulse rate
C. Male pulse rate has a larger maximum than female pulse rate
D. Male pulse rate has a smaller Q3 than female pulse rate

C 11. Out of 40 randomly chosen patients age 65 or older, at most 20% were diagnosed to be obese. W

A. Eight or fewer patients are obese.

B. Fewer than eight patients are obese.
C. More than eight patients are obese.
D. None of the above.

A 12. If P ( A)  0.07 , which one of the following statements is false?

A. The probability of the complement of A is 0.03

B. The probability of event A happening twice in a row (with replacement) is 0.0049.
C. A is not an “unusual” event
D. A is not a certain event.

Problems 13 and 14 refer to the following table:

A marketing survey was conducted in order to determine the probability distribution for iPhon
has been created based on the results from 7 randomly chosen students from the FHSU campu
represents the numbers of students who use an iPhone 6.

Number of People (x) 0

Probability 0.121

C 13. Determine the probability that all 7 students use iPhone 6 so that this data set represents a legitim

A. 0.065 B. 0.055 C. 0.045

B 14. Determine the expected number (mean) of students who use iPhone 6.

A. 3.858 B. 2.934 C. 4.812

B 15. One card is randomly chosen from a standard deck of 52 cards. If the cards are drawn without r
one King and an Ace card are chosen in either order?
A. 4
 52
4 
51

C. 2 4
52
4
51 
B. 2 4  52
4
51  D.
 4 52  4 51

D 16. Based on a poll, 60% of adults believe in the Devil. What is the probability of randomly selectin

A. 0.26 B. 0.0026 C. 2.6

B 17. Assume that random guesses are made for 10 multiple choice questions on an ACT test and that th
probability of success 0.35. Find the probability that the number of correct answers is at most 4 (This pr
binomial situation.)

A. 0.514 B. 0.751 C. 0.942

Problems 18 – 24 refer to the following distribution:

The heights of adult males are normally distributed with a mean of 75 inches and a standard deviation of

C 18. What is the z-score that corresponds to a height of 72 inches?

A. -2.5 B. 2.5 C. -0.86

A 19. What symmetric interval about the mean will contain approximately 68% of the heights?

A. 71.5 to 78.5 B. 65.5 to 73.5 C. 68 to 82

A 20. What is the probability of randomly selecting 1 male whose average height is at least 6’1” tall?

A. 0.7161 B. 0.6914 C. 0.9431

A 21. Which height is at the 60th percentile (rounded to the nearest whole number)?

A. 76 B. 70 C. 72

B 22. What percentage of heights are between 66 inches and 74 inches?

A. 15% B. 38% C. 19%

D 23. Suppose random samples of 16 male heights are selected repeatedly from the population. What is t
distribution of sample means?

A. Mean = 75, SD = 3.5 C.

B. Mean = 72, SD = 4 D.

A 24. What is the probability of randomly selecting 16 males whose average height is at most 72 inches

A. 0.0003 B. 0.9995 C. 0.8043

Problems 25 – 27 refer to the following situation:

Suppose you want to determine the average home run percentage for the Royals baseball team
randomly select 50 players from Royals history and determine that the mean number of home
100 times at bat is 7.64.

A 25. Compute a 95% confidence interval for the mean home run percentage, given that the sample stan

A. 7.64 ± 1.48 B. 7.64 ± 2.17 C. 7.64 ± 4.17

A 26. Assume the population standard deviation is estimated to be

 How large a sample, n, should be used to obtain a margin of error of 2 with 95% confidence?

A. 31 B. 45 C. 205

D 27. Consider the situation given in Problem #26. Which of the following would produce a confidence

A. Using a confidence level of 90% C. Using a larger sample size

B. Using a smaller estimate for σ D. All of the above A-C

B 28. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The Central Limit Theorem states that a sampling distribution will not have the same shap
B. The Central Limit Theorem states that the mean of a sampling distribution of means will h
C. The Central Limit Theorem states that the standard deviation of a sampling distribution of
will have a larger standard deviation than the population distribution from which it is take
D. None of A-C is true.

D 29. If your population is normally distributed, which of the following statements regarding confidenc

A. When  is known, we use the critical value z.

B. When n  30, we use the critical value z.
C. When n  30,we use the critical value t.
D. None of A-C is always false.

C 30. POPT Popcorn is trying to determine the probability that the kernels of popcorn will pop. A margi
meet this requirement at the 99% confidence level if no preliminary estimate of is known?

A. 1537 B. 39 C. 4145

A 31. In a marketing survey, a random sample of 850 shoppers revealed that 688 remained loyal to their f
for the percentage of people who will remain loyal to their supermarket.

A. B. .84  p  .91 C.
C 32. The US census reported that it takes workers an average of 28 minutes to drive home from work. C
average, more than 28 minutes to drive home from work. Which of the following gives the proper altern
workers in LA to drive home from work is greater than 28 minutes?

A.   28 B.   28 C.

D 33. According to Facebook.com, the mean number of community pages, groups, and events that users
mean of 86 connections to community pages, groups, and events. Assume
  48 Compute the test sta
 H1 :   80 

A. 7.98 B. -0.63 C. -1.25

B 34. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism reported that 45.6% of eighth-graders had
them had used alcohol. Is there evidence that the population proportion of eighth-graders has changed?

A. 0.5440 B. 0.3557 C. 0.1779

B 35. Suppose for a particular hypothesis test, a = 0.04 and the P value = 0.05. Which of the following

A. We reject the null hypothesis.

B. We fail to reject the null hypothesis.
C. The observed result is “unusual”.
D. The computed test statistic, z, does fall in the shaded critical region of the tail in the normal cur

A 36. The amounts of sugar (grams of sugar per gram of cereal) and calories (per gram of cereal) were re
coefficient is and ther regression
 0.765 equation is , where amounts of sugar. The
calorie counts is 3.76. What is the best predicted calorie count for a cereal with a measured sugar amoun

A. 3.86 calories B. 3.76 calories C. 4.23 calories

D 37. A correlation coefficient of 0.057 between two quantitative variables A and B indicates that

A. As A increases, B tends to increase.

B. Changes in A cause changes in B.
C. As A increases, B tends to decrease.
D. There is a very weak association between A and B, and change in A will not affect B.

C 38. Of the scatterplot graphs below, which one represents the strongest, negative linear correlation?

A. C.

B. D.

Problems 39 and 40 refer to the following table:

The paired values represent the systolic blood pressure in the right and left arm of a patient.

Right 102 101 94 79

Left 175 169 182 146

B 39. Compute the least squares regression line for the predicted systolic blood pressure in the left arm

A. yˆ  0.0579 x  2.3315 C.

B. yˆ  1.3147 x  43.565 D.
C 40. Calculate the correlation coefficient between the two variables.

A. 0.7518 C. 0.8671

B. -0.7518 D. -0.8671
 NAME:

y be slight differences in answers. Choose the letter of the best answer, and type it in the blank to the left of
pe A instead of A. ). Also please do not change the spacing by inserting new row. Work should be shown out
re provided on the next worksheet.

ducted by selecting every 50 th vehicle. Identify the type of sampling method used.

dar gun on the Kansas Turnpike.

79 74 78 77 75

B. Mean = 76, Median = 76.5 Mean = 76

Median = 76.5
D. Mean = 76, Median = 79.0

nd the range of the data?

 C. SD = 3.2 D. SD = 2.8 SD = 2.8284271
Range = 9 Range = 11 Range = 9

last ten years on violent crimes during Spring Breaks. Identify the types of study for this description.

scores for 20 randomly chosen subjects. Estimate the mean credit rating score by using class midpoints for

Midpoint Probability
524.5 0.05
574.5 0.05 Mean = 719.5
624.5 0.05
674.5 0.2
724.5 0.25
774.5 0.25
824.5 0.15

C. Mean = 719.5 D. Mean = 749.5

test scores on a recent statistics test.

 Values which are less than or to 70 =
C. 70.0% D. 38.7% Total number of values =
Probability =

D. 51-60 Total number of values = 36

Ordered observation corresponding to Q1 = 9
As the 9th observation falls within "51-60" so that is the required interval.

compare the pulse rates of males and females.

101

C. Uniform
D. Normal
ox-and-whisker plots?

han the IQR of female pulse rate

20% were diagnosed to be obese. What is the complement of this description?

ents is false?

P(A complement) = 0.93

with replacement) is 0.0049. P(Twice A) = 0.0049
Not unusual as the probability is not less than 0.05
Not certain event as the probability is not 1

he probability distribution for iPhone 6 use at FHSU. A table

osen students from the FHSU campus. The random variable x

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.215 0.139 0.150 0.086 0.132 0.112 ?

that this data set represents a legitimate probability distribution.

C. 0.045 D. 0.035 Probability 0.045

 C. 4.812 D. 5.146 Mean = 2.934

ds. If the cards are drawn without replacement, what is the probability that

P(One king and one AcP(1st king, 2nd Ace) + P(1st Ace, 2nd Ki
4/52*4/51+4/52*4/51
2(4/52*4/51)

the probability of randomly selecting 4 people and none of them believe in the Devil?

C. 2.6 D. 0.026 Probability 0.0256

questions on an ACT test and that there are 5 choices for each question with
orrect answers is at most 4 (This problem meets all the requirements of a

C. 0.942 D. 0.579 Probability 0.7514955

5 inches and a standard deviation of 3.5 inches.

C. -0.86 D. 0.86 Z-score = -0.857143

mately 68% of the heights?

Using empirical rule the interval is,
C. 68 to 82 D. 64.5 to 85.5 71.5 to 78.5
verage height is at least 6’1” tall?

C. 0.9431 D. 0.2838 Probability 0.7161454

whole number)?

D. 68 60th percentile = 75.886715

C. 19% D. 12% Probability 0.3824845

tedly from the population. What is the mean and standard deviation for the sampling

Mean = 72, SD = 16 Mean = 75

Mean = 75, SD = 0.875 SD = 0.875

average height is at most 72 inches?

C. 0.8043 D. 0.1957 Probability 0.0003034

centage for the Royals baseball team. You

mine that the mean number of home runs per

ercentage, given that the sample standard deviation was

C. 7.64 ± 4.17 D. 7.64 ± 2.09 Confidence interval =

6.1593344 to 9.1206656
r of 2 with 95% confidence?   5.61

C. 205 D. 257 n= 31

lowing would produce a confidence interval with a smaller margin of error?

ing a larger sample size

l of the above A-C

ibution will not have the same shape as the population distribution from which it is taken.
ampling distribution of means will have the same mean as the population distribution from which it is taken.
viation of a sampling distribution of means (with n  1) n  1)
on distribution from which it is taken.

wing statements regarding confidence intervals of population means is always FALSE?

ernels of popcorn will pop. A margin of error of at most 2% is desired. How many kernels must be sampled to
stimate of is known? p̂

C. 4145 D. 3851 n= 4147

ed that 688 remained loyal to their favorite supermarkets during the past year. Find a 90% confidence interval
ket.

C. .87  p  .98 D. .77  p  .85

Confidence interval =
 0.7872508 to 0.8315728

minutes to drive home from work. City officials in Los Angles believe that it takes workers in their city, on
he following gives the proper alternative hypothesis to test the claim that the average length of time for

C.   28 D.   28

pages, groups, and events that users are connected to is 80. A random sample of 64 Facebook users showed a
sume Compute the test statistic for this test

C. -1.25 D. 1.00

ed that 45.6% of eighth-graders had used alcohol. A random sample of 100 eighth-graders showed that 41 of
  0.05
tion of eighth-graders has changed? Use Compute the P value for this test.

C. 0.1779 D. 0.4100

lue = 0.05. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

P-value > alpha so fail to reject null

region of the tail in the normal curve.

calories (per gram of cereal) were recorded for a sample of 16 different cereals. The linear correlation
, where amounts of sugar. x The mean of x the 16 amounts of sugar is 0.295 grams and the mean of the 16
cereal with a measured
 sugar amount of 0.40 g?
y  3.46  1.01x

C. 4.23 calories D. 0.295 calories Predicted value = 3.864

riables A and B indicates that

ange in A will not affect B.

ngest, negative linear correlation?

d left arm of a patient.

79
144

stolic blood pressure in the left arm

yˆ  1.3147 x  43.565 Intercept = 43.565

Slope = 1.315
yˆ  0.0579 x  2.3315 Thus the regression equation is,
y = 43.565 + 1.315*x
Correlation0.8670873
 15
36
0.4166667

the required interval.

2nd Ace) + P(1st Ace, 2nd King)
+4/52*4/51

e interval is,
Two-tailed Mean (sigma known)
significance level (alpha) 0.01
x-bar = 86
mu, μ = 80
sigma, σ = 48
n= 64

critical values are: 2.5758293 and -2.575829

test statistic = 1
p-value = 0.3173105

Two-tailed Proportion
significance level (alpha) 0.05
p= 0.456
x= 41
n= 100

q= 0.544
p-hat = 0.41

critical values are: 1.959964 and -1.959964

test statistic = -0.923583
p-value = 0.3557034
Templates for Hypothesis Testing

You will want to highlight the one you need, copy it to where you are working, and then input the value
calculate for you. However, you must recognize what each value represents and draw proper conclusi

Single Sample Proportion Test:

Two-tailed Proportion
significance level (alpha) 0.05
p= 0.2
x= 1000
n= 4860

q= 0.8
p-hat = 0.20576131687

critical values are: 1.95996398454 and -1.95996398454

test statistic = 1.00410679346
p-value = 0.31532714129

Single Sample Mean Test

Two-tailed Mean (sigma known)
significance level (alpha) 0.01
x-bar = 172.5
mu, μ = 200
sigma, σ = 119.5
n= 40

critical values are: 2.57582930355 and -2.57582930355

test statistic = -1.45544160091
p-value = 0.14554704654

Two-tailed Mean (sigma unknown)

significance level (alpha) 0.05
x-bar = 4.25
mu, μ = 5
s= 2.5
n= 81

critical values are: 1.99006342125 and -1.99006342125

test statistic = -2.7
p-value = 0.00845916648
Inferences About 2 Proportions

Two-tailed Test
Given info: From Sample #1 From Sample #2
x= 56 27
n= 843 703

alpha, α = 0.05

p-bar = 0.05368693402
q-bar = 0.94631306598
critical values are: -1.95996398454 and 1.95996398454
test statistic = 2.43412721122
p-value = 0.01492774773

Inferences about 2 Means: Independent Samples

Two-tailed Test
Given info: From Sample #1 From Sample #2
x-bar = 4.2 1.71
n= 22 22
s= 2.2 0.72

alpha, α = 0.05

critical values are: 2.07961384473 and -2.07961384473

test statistic = 5.04537118349
p-value = 5.3852255E-05
 ng, and then input the values related to the labels in red. The other values will automatically
nts and draw proper conclusions based upon the resulting values.

One-tailed Proportion
significance level (alpha) 0.01
p= 0.62
x= 1500
n= 2500

q= 0.38
p-hat = 0.6
Rt. Tailed Left Tailed
critical value is: 2.326347874041 or -2.32634787404
test statistic = -2.06021410858
p-value = 0.019689038367

One-tailed Mean (sigma known)

significance level (alpha) 0.1
x-bar = 182.9
mu, μ = 200
sigma, σ = 121.8
n= 54
Rt. Tailed Left Tailed
critical value is: 1.281551565545 or -1.28155156554
test statistic = -1.03168164043
p-value = 0.151110640453

One-tailed Mean (sigma unknown)

significance level (alpha) 0.05
x-bar = 120
mu, μ = 118
s= 12
n= 20
Rt. Tailed Left Tailed
critical value is: 1.729132811521 or -1.72913281152
test statistic = 0.7453559925
p-value = 0.232588980043
One-tailed Test
Given info: From Sample #1 From Sample #2
x= 50 16
n= 290 123

alpha, α = 0.05

p-bar = 0.1598062954
q-bar = 0.8401937046
critical value is: -1.64485362695 or 1.64485362695
test statistic = 1.073652434714
p-value = 0.141489243631

One-tailed Test
Given info: From Sample #1 From Sample #2
x-bar = 0.94 1.65
n= 21 8
s= 0.31 0.16

alpha, α = 0.05

critical value is: 1.89457860509 or -1.89457860509

test statistic = -8.05146489507
p-value = 4.37452283E-05