INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI

MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

Complex numbers ch-4

1. The Need of the Complex Number: We know that the square of a real number is always
non-negative. That is there is no real number which is square root of a negative number e.i,
there is no k∈ R such that x 2=k , k < 0
So, we need to extend the real number system so as to include square roots of negative real
numbers in such a manner that the operations addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
holds good. The new system is called system of complex number.
Euler was first mathematician to introduce the symbol i(iota)to denote the square root of -1

√−1 = i
2.Integral powers of i :
Positive integral power of i

(a) i = √ −1
2
( b ) i =−1
( c ) i3 =−1× i=−i
( d ) i 4=i 2 ×i 2=−1 ×−1=1 ⟹ if n ¿ 4 ,i n =i 4 m+r =i 4 m . i r=i r since i 4 m =1
Negative integral power of i:
4
1 i
(a) i−1= = =i 3=−i
i i
4
−2 1 i 2
(b) i = 2 = 2 =i =−1
i i
4
−3 1 i
(c) i = 3 = 3 =i
i i
4
−4 1 i 1
(d) i = 4
= 4
= =1
i i 1
Note : i 0=1
3.Imaginary number: The square root of a negative real number is called an imaginary
number.
For example, √−2 , √−4 ,
√
−16
25
are imaginary numbers.
4. Complex Number: Any number of the form a+ ib is a complex number, where a and b are
Real.
Real and Imaginary Part of a complex number: If z = a+ ib is a complex number,
then a is called real part of z denoted as Re(z)= a’ and b is called imaginary part of z
denoted as
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

ℑ (z) = b, example, if z = 2 +5 i then , Re(z) = 2 and Im(z)= 5

5. Equality of two complex numbers: let z 1=a 1+i b1∧z 2=a2 +ib 2be two complex numbers.
If z 1=¿ z 2 then a 1=a2 and b 1=b2
Example 1: Find x and y if 2x +iy=4 +5 i
Solution: 2 x+i y = 4 + 5 i ⟹ 2 x =4∧ y=5 or x = 2 and y = 5
6. Algebra of complex numbers
(i ) Addition of two complex numbers:
let z 1=a 1+i b1∧z 2=a2 +ib 2be two complex numbers then
z 1+ ¿ z 2= ( a 1+ a2 ) +i(b 1+ b2)

Example let z 1=5−7i∧¿ z 2=2+3 i then z 1+ ¿ z 2= ( 5 +2 ) +i (−7 +3 ) =7 – 4i.

(ii) Subtraction of two complex numbers;
let z 1=a 1+i b1∧z 2=a2 +ib 2be two complex numbers then
z 1−¿ z 2= ( a 1−a2 ) +i(b1−b 2)

(iii) Multiplication of two complex numbers:

let z 1=a 1+i b1∧z 2=a2 +ib 2be two complex numbers then
z 1 ∙ z 2= ( a 1 ∙ a2 ) −b1 ∙b 2 ¿+i(a1 ∙ b 2+ b1 ∙ a2 )

z 1=5−7i∧¿ z 2=2+3 i then z 1 ∙ z 2= 5 ×2−(−7 ) ( 3 ) +i [ 5 ×3+(−7)×2 ]

Or z 1 ∙ z 2=10+21+i = 31 +i
(iv) Division of a complex number:
let z 1=a 1+i b1∧z 2=a2 +ib 2be two complex numbers then

z1 a1 +i b1 ( a1 +i b1 ) . ( a2−i b2 ) ( a1 +i b1 ) . ( a2−i b2 )
= = =
z2 a2 +i b2 ( a2 +i b2 ) . ( a2−i b2 ) ¿¿

Properties of addition of complex numbers:

(i) Addition is commutative : z 1+ ¿ z 2 = z 2+ z 1
(ii)Addition is associative : If z 1 , z 2and z 3be three complex numbers
then ¿+ z 2 ¿ + z 3=z 1 +¿ z 2+ z 3)
(iii)Additive identity : There exist a complex number 0+ 0i such that for every
complex number z, z +(0+ 0i ¿= 0+ 0i ¿ + z = z
(iv) Additive inverse : For every complex number z = ¿ a+ib there exist a complex number
(- z) = −a−ib such that ( a+ ib ) + (−a−ib )=¿ (−a−ib ) + ( a+ib )=0+0 i
∴(- z) = (−a−ib ) is called the additive inverse of complex number z
Properties of multiplication of complex numbers:
(i) Commutativity: z 1 ∙ z 2=¿ z 2 ∙ z 1
(ii) Associativity: Let z 1 , z 2∧¿ z 3 be three complex numbers then
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

(z ¿ ¿ 1× z 2). z 3 ¿ = z 1 ( z ¿ ¿ 2× z3 )¿
(iii) Multiplicative identity: There exists a complex number 1+0 i for every complex
number z = a+ ib such that ( 1+0 i ) . (a+ ib ) = (a+ ib ¿ . ( 1+ 0 i ) =(a+ib)
(iv) Inverse : For every non zero complex number z = ¿ a+ib ≠ 0+0 i there exist a
a−ib
complex number z−1 = 2 2 such that z . z−1 = 1+0 i
a +b
Distributive property: Let z 1 , z 2∧¿ z 3 be three complex numbers
then z 1 ¿ z 2+ ¿ z 3 ¿ = z 1 . z 2+ z 1 . z 3
Thus we see that the complex numbers obey the fundamental laws of algebra of real
numbers and their algebra is identical in form, but not in meaning with algebra of real
numbers.
MODULUS CONGUGATE AND ARGUMENT OF A Complex Number Z
The modulus of a complex number z = (a+ ib ¿ is denoted by |z|is defined as |z|=√ a2 +b2
Clearly |z|≥ 0.i . e ,|z| is a non - negative real number
Properties of Modulus.
2
(i) Z. Z = |Z| = a 2+ b2
(ii) |z 1 . z 2|=| z1|.|z 2| , this can be extended further, If z 1 . z 2 . z 3 . … z n are n complex numbers
then |z 1 . z 2 . z 3 .… z n| = |z 1|.| z2|.|z 3|… …|z n|

(iii) ||z 1 |z 1|
=
z 2 |z 2|
where z 2 ≠ 0

(iv) |z n|=|z|n
(v) |z|=|z|= √ a2 +b 2
(vi) |z 1 +¿ z 2|≤| z1|+| z2|
(vii) |z 1 −¿ z 2|≥| z1|−|z 2|
2 2 2
(viii) |z 1 +¿ z 2| =|z 1| +|z 2| +2 ℜ¿
2 2 2
(ix) |z 1 −¿ z 2| =| z1| +|z 2| −2 ℜ¿
|z 1 +¿ z 2| +|z 1 −¿ z 2| = 2(|z 1| +|z 2| )
2 2 2 2
(x)
Conjugate of a complex number z = a+ ib is denoted as z=a−ib
For example z=7+ 5i then z=7−5 i
Important properties of conjugate of complex number:

( )
z1 z
(i )( ź )=z (ii) z 1+ z2 = z 1+ z2 (iii) z 1−z 2= z 1−z 2 (iv) z 1 . z 2 = z 1 . z 2 (v) = 1 z 2 ,≠ 0
z2 z2
(vi) z + z = 2Re (z) (vii) z−z = 2 Im(z)I (viii) z + z =0 ; ⇒ z is purely imaginary
(ix) z=z ⇒ z is purely real
Example 1 If 4x + i (3x – y) = 3 + i (– 6), where x and y are real numbers,
then find the values of x and y.
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

Solution We have 4x + i (3x – y) = 3 + i (–6) ... (1)

Equating the real and the imaginary parts of (1), we get

4x = 3, 3x – y = – 6,

3
which, on solving simultaneously, give x= ∧ y=6+ 3
4 4 ()
3 33
=
4
Example 2 Express the following in the form of a+ bi:

( )
1
(i ) (−5 i) i
8

(ii) (−i)(2i) (
8 )
3
−1
i

Solution (i ) (−5 i) ( i )=
1 −5 2 −5 5 5
i= (−1)= = + i0
8 8 8 8 8

(ii) (−i)(2i) ( i ) =2×

3
−1 1 5 1 ( )
2 2 1
×i = i i= i.
8 8 × 8× 8 256 256
Example 3 Express ¿ in the form a+ ib.
Solution We have, ¿

¿ 125−225i−135+27 i=−10−198i .

Example 4 Express (−√ 3+ √ −2)(2 √ 3−i) in the form of a+ ib

Solution We have

(−√ 3+ √−2 ) ( 2 √3−i )= (−√ 3+ √ 2 i)(2 √ 3−i)

¿−6+ √ 3 i+ 2 √ 6 i−√ 2 i
2

= (−6+ √ 2)+ √ 3(1+2 √ 2)i

Example 5 Find the multiplicative inverse of 2−3 i .

Solution Let z=2−3i
Then ź=2+3 i and ¿ z ¿ 2=22 +¿
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of 2−3 i is given by

−1 ź 2+3 i 2 3
z = = = + i
¿ z¿
2
13 13 13

The above working can be reproduced in the following manner also,

−1 1 2+3 i
z = =
2−3 i (2−3 i)(2+3 i)
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

2+3 i
= 2
2 −¿ ¿

Example 6 Express the following in the form a+ ib

5+ √ 2i
(i ) (ii) i−35
1−√ 2i
Solution
5+ √ 2i 5+ √ 2i 1+ √ 2 i 5+5 √ 2i+ √ 2 i−2
(i ) We have, = × =
1−√ 2i 1−√ 2i 1+ √ 2 i 1−¿ ¿

3+6 √ 2i 3(1+2 √ 2 i)
¿ = =1+2 √ 2i
1+2 3

−35 1 1 1 i i
(ii) i = = 2 17 = × = 2 =i
( i ) i −i i −i
35
i

NCERT

EXERCISE 4.1

Express each of the complex numbers given in Exercises 1 to 10 in the form a+ ib :

1 ( −35 i).
(5 i)

Sol. (5i) (
5 )
i =(5) (
5 )
−3 −3
i =−3 (−1)=3 [ ∵ i =−1 ]
2 2

2 i 9 +i 19 ¿ 3+i 0.
Sol.
9 19
i +i ¿
−39
3 i
1 1 1
= 36 3 = 4 9 3 ¿ 1
−39
Sol. i = 39
i i ⋅i ( i ) ⋅i ¿¿
Rationalising

1 i i i
× = 2 = [ ∵ i =−1 ]
2
¿
−i i −i 1

¿ i=0+i

4 3(7 +i7)+i(7+i 7)
Sol. 3(7 +i 7)+i (7+i 7)=21+21 i+7 i +7 i 2
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

¿ 21+28 i−7 [ ∵ i =−1 ]

2

¿ 14+ 28i
5 (1−i)−(−1+i6)
Sol. (1−i)−(−1+i6)=1−i+ 1−6 i=2−7 i.

6 ( 15 + i 25 )−(4 +i 52 )
Sol. ( + i )−(4 +i )= + i−4− i
1 2 5 1 2 5
5 5 2 5 5 2

¿ ( −4 )+( − ) i ¿
1 2 5 1−20 4−25 19 21
+ i ¿− − i
5 5 2 5 10 5 10

7 [( ) ( )] ( )
1 7
+ i + 4 +i
3 3
1
3
−
−4
3
+i

Sol. [( ) ( )] ( ) (
1 7
+ i + 4 +i
3 3
1
3)−
−4
3
1 7 1 4
+i ¿ + i+4 + i + −i
3 3 3 3

[( ) ( ) ] ( ) ( ) ( )
¿
1
3
7 1 4
+ 4 + + i + −i ¿
3 3 3
13 8 4
+ i + −i=
3 3 3
13 4 8
+ + −1 i
3 3 3

17 5
¿ + i
3 3

8 ¿
Sol. ¿
¿¿ ¿−4=−4+0 i .

( )
3
1
9 + 3i
3

( ) ()
3 3
1 1
Sol. + 3i = +¿
3 3
¿

¿
1
27
1
( )
+ 27 i3 +3 i +3 i [ ∵ i 3=−i ]
3

1
−27 i+i+ 9i [ ∵ i =−1 ]
2 2
¿
27

1
¿ −26 i−9
27
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

¿ ( 271 −9)−26 i= 1−243

27
−26=
−242
27
−26 i

( )
3
1
10 −2− i
3

[ 3] 3
3

Sol. (−2− i ) = −(2+ i ) =−(2+ i )

3 3
1 1 1
3

[ ( ) ( )]
3
3 1 1 1
¿− 2 + i +3 ⋅2⋅ i 2+ i ¿
3 3 3

¿− 8+
[ ( )]
1 3
27
1
i +2 i 2+ i
3

¿− 8+
[ ( )] [
1 3
27
1
i +2 i 2+ i
3
∵ i 3=−i ]

¿− 8−
[ 1
27
2
i+ 4 i+ i 2
3 ] [ ∵ i2=−1 ]

= − 8− [( ) ( ) ]
2
3
+ 4−
1
27
i

¿− ( 223 + 107
27
i )=
−22 107
3
−
27
i

Find the multiplicative inverse of each of the complex numbers given in the Exercises 11 to 13.
11. 4−3 i
Sol. Multiplicative inverse of z=4−3i is

−1 1 1 1 4+3 i 4 +3 i
z = = = × =
z 4−3 i 4−3 i 4+3 i 42−¿ ¿

4 +3 i 4 +3 i 4 +3 i 4 3
¿ = = ¿ + i
16−9i 16 +9 25
2
25 25

Second Solution Multiplicative inverse of z=4−3i is

−1 ź 4 +3 i
z = =
¿ z¿
2 ¿¿

[ ∵ If z=x +iy , then ź=x−iy and ¿ z∨¿ √ x 2+ y 2 and hence ¿ z ¿ 2=x 2+ y 2 ]

12. √ 5+3 i
Sol. Multiplicative inverse of z=√ 5+3 i is
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

×√
1 1 1 5−3 i
z−1= = =
z √ 5+3 i √ 5+3 i √ 5−3 i

5−3 i ¿ √ 5−3 i = √ 5 − 3 i
¿√
¿¿ 14 14 14

Second Solution Multiplicative inverse of z=√ 5+3 i is

=√ ¿¿
ź 5−3 i
z−1=¿ 2
¿ z¿

13. −i
Sol. Multiplicative inverse of z=−i is

−1 1 1 1 i i i
z = = = × = 2= =i=0+i .
z −i −i i −i −(−1)

Second Solution
Multiplicative inverse of z=−i=0−i is

−1 ź 0+i
z = =
¿ z¿
2 ¿¿

14 Express the following expression in the form a+ ib :

(3+i √ 5)(3−i √ 5)
( √ 3+ √ 2 i)−( √ 3−i √ 2)

(3+i √ 5)(3−i √ 5)
Sol.
( √ 3+ √ 2 i)−( √ 3−i √ 2)
Using (a+ b)(a−b)=a2−b 2
−7 √ 2 i −7 √ 2 i
=0− √ i.
7 2
¿ 3 −¿ ¿ ¿ =
2
2
−2 i 2 2
Argand Plane and Polar Representation.

We already know that corresponding to each ordered

pair of real numbers (x, y), we get a unique point in
the XY-plane and vice-versa with reference to a set of
mutually perpendicular lines known as the x-axis and
the y-axis. The complex number x +iy which
corresponds to the ordered pair (x, y) can be
represented geometrically as the unique point P(x, y)
in the XY-plane and vice-versa. Some complex
numbers such as 2+ 4 i, – 2 + 3i, 0+1 i, 2 + 0i,
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

– 5 –2i and 1 – 2i which correspond to the ordered pairs (2, 4), ( – 2, 3), (0, 1), (2, 0), ( –5, –
2), and (1, – 2), respectively, have been represented geometrically by the points A, B, C, D,
E, and F, respectively in the Fig 5.1.
The plane having a complex number assigned to each of its point is called the complex
plane or the Argand plane.

Let P(x, y) be the point representing the complex number z = x +iy in the
Argand plane, O is the origin and length OP is the modulus of complex
number z = x +iy and |z|=√ x 2 + y 2 the angle φ which OP makes
with positive direction of x axis is known as argument or amplitude of
y
complex number z from the figure tan φ =
x
Principal argument or Principal amplitude : The unique value of φ such that
−π <φ ≤ π is called the principal argument or amplitude.
Properties of Argument:

(i) Arg ( z 1 . z 2) = arg( z 1) + arg( z 2) ( )

(ii)arg
z1
z2
=arg ( z 1 )−arg ( z 2 ) , (iii) arg( z n ¿= n. arg(z)

Polar form of complex number:

Let the point P represent the non- zero complex number
z = x +iy . Let the directed line segment OP be of length r
and θ be the angle which OP makes with the positive
direction of x-axis (Fig 5.4). We may note that the point P
is uniquely determined by the ordered pair of real
numbers (r, θ), called the polar coordinates of the point P.
We consider the origin as the pole and the positive
direction of the x axis as the initial line.
We have, x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ and therefore,
z=r (cosθ+isinθ ). Thus,

Polar form of complex number z = x +iy = r (cos θ+iSin θ) where

r = |z|=√ x 2 + y 2 and θ=arg ⁡(z )

Steps for finding Argument of a complex number Z:

||y
1.Find tanα = where α is an acute angle .
x
2.Look at the quadrant where P (x , y) belongs.
(i) if the points belong to first quadrant , then θ = arg(z) = α
(ii) if the points belong to second quadrant , then arg(z)= θ = π−¿ α
(iii) if the points belong to third quadrant , then arg(z) =θ = α −π or α + π
(iv) if the points belong to fourth quadrant , then arg(z) =θ = −α ,∨2 π −¿ α
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

Note:
 If the complex number is real and positive arg(z) = 0
 If the complex number is real and negative arg(z) = π
π
 If the complex number is purely imaginary and positive arg(z) =
2
−π
 If the complex number is purely imaginary and negative arg(z) =
2
 The argument of a complex number 0 is not defined.

EXERCISE 4 .2

Find the modulus and the arguments of each of the complex numbers in Exercises 1 to 2.
1. z=−1−i √ 3

Sol. z=−1−i √ 3=x +iy

is represented by the point P(−1 ,− 3) which lies in III

√
quadrant.
z=−1−i √ 3=r (cos ⁡θ+ isin ⁡θ)

√ 2
r = (−1 ) + (− √ 3 ) =√ 1+3=2
2

−√ 3 π
tanα= =√ 3=tan
−1 3
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

π 4π
Argument (z) = θ=π + =
3 3

Second Method.

r =¿ z∨¿ √ x 2 + y 2= √ ¿ ¿ )
Because P(x , y)=(−1 ,− √ 3) lies in third quadrant,

therefore, arg ⁡z is to be of the form θ−π

y −√3 π
⇒ tan θ= = = √3=tan ⁡
x −1 3

¿ tan ⁡ ( π3 −π )=tan ⁡(−23 π )

−2 π
⇒ θ=
3

−2 π
∴|z|=r =2 and arg ⁡( z)=θ=
3

2 z=− √ 3+i
Sol. z=− √ 3+i=x +iy is represented by the point P (−√ 3 ,1 ) which lies in second quadrant.
Let z=− √ 3+i
¿ r ( cos θ+isin θ )Then, x=rcos θ=−√ 3
P (−√ 3 ,1 ) and y=rsinθ=1
Squaring and adding both, we get
r 2 ( cos 2 θ+sin 2 θ ) =3+1⇒ r 2=4 ∴ r=2 ¿
r
¿ √ 3+1= √ 4=2 )
Because P(x , y)=(−√ 3 , 1) lies in second quadrant,
therefore arg ⁡z is to be of the form π−θ
y −1 π
tanθ= = =−tan
x √3 6

(
= tan π−
π
6)=tan
5π
6
5π
⇒ θ=
6

5π
∴|z|=r =2 and arg ⁡( z)=θ=
6

Miscellaneous Examples
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

(3−2i)(2+3 i)
Example 7 Find the conjugate of .
(1+2 i)(2−i)
(3−2i)(2+3 i)
Solution We have,
(1+2 i)(2−i)

6+9 i−4 i+ 6 12+5 i 4−3i

¿ = ×
2−i+ 4 i+ 2 4 +3 i 4−3i

48−36 i+20 i+15 63−16 i 63 16

¿ = = − i
16+9 25 25 25

(3−2i)(2+3 i) 63 16
Therefore, conjugate of is + i
(1+2 i)(2−i) 25 25

Example 8 Find the modulus and argument of the complex numbers:

1+i 1
(i ) , (ii)
1−i 1+ i
Solution.

1+i 1+i 1+ i 1−1+2 i

(i ) We have, = × = =i=0+i
1−i 1−i 1+ i 1+1
Now, let us put 0=r cos ⁡θ , 1=r sin ⁡θ
Squaring and adding, r 2=1 i.e., r =1 so that

cos ⁡θ=0 , sin ⁡θ=1

π
Therefore, θ=
2
1+i π
Hence, the modulus of is 1 and the argument is .
1−i 2

1 1−i 1−i 1 i
(ii) We have = = = −
1+ i (1+i)(1−i) 1+1 2 2
1 1
Let =r cos ⁡θ ,− =r sin ⁡θ
2 2
Proceeding as in part (i) above, we get

1 1 −1
r= ; cos ⁡θ= , sin ⁡θ=
√2 √2 √2
−π
Therefore, θ=
4

1 1 −π
Hence, the modulus of is , argument is .
1+ i √2 4
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

a+ib
Example 9 If x +iy= , prove that x 2+ y 2=1.
a−ib
Solution We have,

(a+ib )(a+ib ) a2−b 2+ 2 abi a2 −b2 2 ab 2

a −b
2
2 ab
x +iy= = = 2 2 + 2 2 iSo that, x−iy= 2 2 − 2 2 i
(a−ib)(a+ ib) 2
a +b
2
a +b a +b a +b a + b
Therefore,
2 2
2 2 ( a2−b 2 ) 4 a2 b2 ( a2 +b2 )
x + y =(x +iy)(x−iy)= 2 2 2 + 2 2 2 = 2 2 2 =1
( a +b ) ( a + b ) ( a +b )
MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE ON CHAPTER 4

[ ( )]
25 3
118
1 Evaluate: i + .
i
4
Solution.i 18=i 16 i 2=( i 4 ) i2
¿¿

( ) = i1 = i 1⋅i = ( i 1) ⋅i = 1i = 1i × ii
25
1
25 24 4 6
i

i i
=−i=0−i… ( ii ) [ ∵ ( i ) =1 =1 ]
4 6 6
¿ 2=
i −1

[ ( ) ] =¿ From ( i )∧( ii )
25 3
18 1
i +
i

¿−¿=[ 13 +i 3+ 3⋅ 1⋅i(1+i) ] ¿

¿−( 1−i+3 i+ 3i 2 ) [∵ i3 =−i¿

= −¿) [∵ i2 =−1¿
¿−(−2+2 i)=2−2 i

2 For any two complex numbers z 1 and z 2, prove that

ℜ ⁡( z 1 z 2) =ℜ ⁡( z 1 ) ℜ ⁡( z 2 )−ℑ ⁡( z 1 ) ℑ ⁡( z 2 )

Solution. Let z 1=x 1+ i y 1 and z 2=x 2+ i y 2.

Then ℜ ⁡( z 1 ) =x1 , ℑ ⁡( z 1 )= y 1 ; ℜ ⁡( z 2 ) =x2 , ℑ ⁡( z 2 ) = y 2
2
Now z 1 z 2=( x 1 +i y 1 ) ( x 2 +i y 2 ) =x1 x 2+i x 1 y 2 +i y 1 x 2+i y 1 y 2
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

= ( x 1 x 2− y 1 y 2 ) +i ( x 1 y 2+ y 1 x 2 )

= x 1 x 2− y 1 y 2 = ℜ ⁡( z 1 ) ℜ ⁡( z 2 )−ℑ ⁡( z 1 ) ℑ ⁡( z 2 )

∴ ℜ ⁡( z 1 z 2 )=x 1 x2 − y 1 y 2

3 ( 1−41 i − 1+i2 )( 3−4

Reduce
5+ i )
i
to the standard form.

Solution. (
1−4 i 1+i )( 5+ i )
1 2 3−4 i
−

¿
[ (1−4 i)( 1+ i) ]( 5+i )
(1+i)−2(1−4 i) 3−4 i

¿
( 1+i−4 i−4 i )( 5+i )
1+i−2+8 i 3−4 i
2

¿ ( 1−3i+ 4 )( 5+i )
−1+ 9i 3−4 i

(−1+9 i)(3−4 i) −3+ 4 i+ 27 i−36 i 2

¿ =
(5−3 i)(5+ i) 25+ 5i−15 i−3 i
2

−3+31i+36 33+ 31i 28+10 i

¿ = ×
25−10 i+ 3 28−10 i 28+10 i
2
924+ 868i+330 i+310 i [Rationalising ]
¿
¿¿
924+1198i−310
¿= 2
784−100 i

614+1198i 2(307+599 i)
¿ =
784 +100 884

307+599 i 307 599i

¿ = +
442 442 442

√
2 2
a−ib 2 2 a +b
, prove that ( x + y ) = 2 2
2
4. If x−iy=
c−id c +d

Solution:
Given, x−iy=
a−ib
c−id √
Squaring both sides, we get
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

Taking modulus on both sides,

⇒¿

⇒∨x−iy ¿ 2=¿ a−ib∨ ¿ ¿

[ 2 z | z1|
¿ c−id∨¿ ∵|z |=¿ z ¿ and 1 =
2
|| ]
z 2 |z 2|
¿

⇒ ( √ x2 + y2 ) = √
a2 +b 2
[ ∵∨x +iy∨¿ √ x 2 + y 2 ]
2

√c +d 2 2

⇒ x 2 + y 2= √
a2 +b2
√ c 2+ d 2
Squaring both sides, we get
2 2
( x 2 + y 2 ) = a2 +b 2
2

c +d

Second Solution
Given, x−iy=
a−ib
c−id √
Squaring both sides, we get

¿ … (i)

Taking conjugates on both sides of (i), (i.e. changing i to −i in (i)

¿ … (ii)

Multiplying Equations ( i ), and (ii), we have,

or ¿
2 2
a +b 2
or ( x −i y ) = 2 2
2 2 2

c +d
2 2
a +b
2
or ( x + y ) = 2 2
2 2

c +d
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

5.If z 1=2−i , z 2=1+ i, find | z 1+ z2 +1

z 1−z 2+1 |.

Solution. | z 1+ z2 +1
||
=
(2−i)+(1+i)+ 1
z 1−z 2+1 (2−i)−(1+ i)+1 |
¿|2−24 i|=|1−i2 |
¿ ¿ 2∨ ¿ ¿
¿ 1−i∨¿=¿ 2+i 0∨ ¿ ¿¿
¿ 1−i∨¿ ∵
[|| ] z 1 |z 1|
=
z 2 |z 2|
¿

¿√
4+ 0 2
= =√ 2.
√1+1 √ 2
2
2 2 ( x 2+1 )
6. If a+ ib=¿ ¿, prove that a + b = 2 .
( 2 x2 +1 )
Solution. Given, a+ ib=¿ ¿
Taking modulus on both sides,
⇒∨a+ ib∨¿ ¿
⇒ √ a 2+ b2=¿ ¿
2
¿ x +i ¿
¿ 2
2 x +1
[ ∵|z 2|=¿ z ¿2 and 2 x 2+1 is a positive real number ¿
2
( √ x2 +1 )
¿
2 x 2+ 1
2
x +1
⇒√a +b = 2
2 2

2 x +1
2
2 2 ( x 2+1 )
Squaring both sides, we get a +b = 2
( 2 x2 +1 )
Second Solution
Given, a+ ib=¿ ¿ …(i)
Taking conjugates on both sides of (i) (i.e. changing i to −i in (i)

a−ib=¿ ¿ … (ii)

Multiplying Eqns. (i) and (ii), we have

(a+ ib)(a−ib) = ¿ ¿
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman
2 2 2
or a −i b =¿ ¿
2
2 ( x 2−i2)
2
or a + b = 2
( 2 x2 +1 )
2
2 2 ( x 2+1 )
or a + b = 2
( 2 x2 +1 )
7.. Let z 1=2−i , z 2=−2+i. Find:

(i ) Re ( )
z1 z2
ź 1
(ii) ℑ ⁡ ( )
1
z 1 ź 1
.

Solution.

z1 z 2 (2−i)(−2+ i)
(i ) =
ź 1 (2−i)
2
−4 +2i+2 i−i −4+ 4 i+ 1
¿ =
2+i 2+i
−3+4 i
¿ (Rationalising)
2+i
−3+4 i 2−i −6+3 i+ 8 i−4 i 2 −6+11i+4 −2+ 11i 2 11
¿ × ¿ ¿ = ¿− + i .
2+i 2−i 4−i
2
4+1 5 5 5

∴ Re ( ) (
z1 z2
ź 1
=Re
−2 11
5
+ i = .
5 )
−2
5
1 1 1
(ii) = =
z1 ź 1 (2−i)(2+i) 4−i 2

¿
1 1 1
= = + 0 i∴ ℑ ⁡
4+ 1 5 5
1
( ) ( )
z 1 ź1
1
=ℑ ⁡ +0 i =0.
5

8. Find the real numbers x and y if (x−iy)(3+ 5i) is the conjugate of −6−24 i .
Solution. Given, (x−iy)(3+ 5i)=−6−24 i

Solution. Given, (x−iy)(3+ 5i)=−6−24 i

¿−6+24 i

−6+24 i
⇒ x−iy=
3+5 i

−6+24 i 3−5 i
¿ ×
3+5 i 3−5 i
2
−18+30 i+72 i−120 i
¿ 2
(Rationalising)
9−25 i
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

−18+102i+120
¿
9+ 25

102+ 102i 34 (3+3 i)

¿ =
34 34

⇒ x−iy=3+3 i

equating the real and imaginary parts on both sides, we have

x=3 and − y=3

Or x=3 and y=−3

1+i 1−i
9. Find the modulus of − .
1−i 1+i
1+i 1−i
Solution. Let z= −
1−i 1+ i
Taking L.C.M.,
¿¿¿
1−1+2 i−(1−1−2 i)
¿
1+1
2i+2 i 4 i
¿ = =2 i=0+ 2i
2 2
∴∨z∨¿ √0+ 4=2.
u v
+ =4 ( x − y )
2 2
10. If ¿, then show that
x y
Solution.

Given,u+iv=¿
3 2
¿ x + 3 x ⋅iy+3 x ⋅ ¿ [∵ ¿
3 2 2 2 3 3
¿ x + 3i x y +3 i x y +i y
3 2
¿ x + 3i x y−3 x y −i y
2 3
[ ∵ i2 =−1 ,i3=−i ]
Equating real and imaginary parts on both sides, we have
3 2 2 3
⇒ u=x −3 x y and v=3 x y− y

⇒u=x ( x 2−3 y 2 ) and v= y ( 3 x 2− y 2 )

u 2 2 v 2 2
⇒ =x −3 y and =3 x − y
x y
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

11.If α and β are different complex numbers with |β|=1, then find |1−β−αά β|.
Solution. |β|=1 (given) ... (i )
∴∨β ¿2=1 or β β́ =1 … (ii) [ ∵∨z ¿ =z ź for every complex number z . ]
2

∴ | β−α
1−ά β
= ||β−α
β β́− ά β |
[Putting 1=β β́ from (ii)]

¿
| β−α
β ( β́−ά ) ∣||
=
β−α
β ( β−α ) |[ ∵ ź 1− ź 1=z 1−z 2 ]

¿ ¿ β−α ∨ ¿
¿ β∨∣ β−α ¿
∣
[|| ∵
z 1 | z1|
= ∧| z z |=|z 1||z 2|
z 2 | z2| 1 2 ]
1
= =1 by ( i )
|β|

12. Find the number of non-zero integral solutions of the equation ¿ 1−i ¿ x =2x .
Solution. Given, ¿ 1−i ¿ x =2x
⇒ The given equation has no non-zero integral solution.
∴ The number of non-zero integral solutions is 0 .
13. If (a+ ib)(c +id )(e +if )(g+ih)=A +iB , then show that
Solution. Given: (a+ ib)(c +id)(e +if )(g+ih)=A +i B
Taking modulus on both sides,
⇒∨(a+ib)(c+ id )(e+if )(g +ih)∨¿∨ A+i B∨¿
⇒∨a+ ib∨¿ c+ id∨¿ e+if ∨¿ g+ih∨¿∨A +i B∨¿

[ ∵|z 1 z 2 … z n|=|z 1||z 2|…|z n|]

⇒ √ a 2+ b2 ⋅ √ c 2 +d 2 ⋅ √ e2 + f 2 ⋅ √ g2 +h2 =√ A 2+ B2
Squaring both sides, we get

( a 2+ b2 ) ( c 2 +d 2 ) ( e 2+ f 2 ) ( g2 +h2 )= A 2+ B 2 . .

Second Solution.
Given : (a+ ib)(c +id )(e +if )(g+ih)=A +i B …(i)
Taking conjugates on both sides of (i),
(a−ib)(c−id )(e−if )(g−ih)= A−i B … (ii)
i
Multiplying Eqns. ( ) and (ii) we have,

(a+ ib)(a−ib)(c+ id)(c−id)(e +if )(e−if )(g+ ih)(g−ih)

¿( A +i B)( A−i B)
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

⇒ ( a2−i 2 b2 ) ( c 2−i 2 d 2 ) ( e 2−i 2 f 2 ) ( g2−i 2 h2 )= A 2−i 2 B2

( )
m
1+i
⇒ ( a2 +b2 ) ( c 2 +d 2 ) ( e 2+ f 2 ) ( g2 +h2 ) =A 2 + B214. . If =1, then find the least positive
1−i
integral value of m .

( )
m
1+i
Solution. =1
1−i

( )
m
1+ i 1+i
⇒ × =1
1−i 1+i

( )
2 m
1+i +2 i
⇒ 2
=1
1−i

( )
m
1−1+2i
⇒ =1
1+1

( )
m
2i
⇒ =1, ⇒ i m=1
2

The least positive integral value of m satisfying this equation is 4 ( ∵ i 4=1 )

1+2i
13. Find the modulus and argument of the complex number .
1−3 i
1+2i 1+2 i 1+3 i
Solution. = ×
1−3 i 1−3 i 1+3 i
2
1+ 3i+2 i+ 6 i
¿ 2
1−9i
1+ 5i−6 −5+5i
¿ =
1+ 9 10

1 1
¿− + i⋅=x +iy is represented by the point
2 2
P(x , y)=P
−1 1
,
2 2 ( )
which lies in second quadrant.
1+2 i −1 1
Let z= = + i
1−3 i 2 2

¿ r (cos θ+i sinθ) … (i)

 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

−1 1
Then, r cos ⁡θ= =x and r sin ⁡θ= = y
2 2
Squaring and adding both, we get

1 1
r ( cos ⁡θ+ sin ⁡θ )= +
2 2 2
4 4

2 1 1
⇒ r = ∴r =
2 √2

( or r=¿ z∨¿ √ x 2+ y 2=
√( 2)()
−1 2 1 2
+
2 √
1 1 2 1 1
= + = = = ¿
4 4 4 2 √2 √ √
Because P( −12 , 12 ) lies in second quadrant, therefore arg ⁡z is to be of the form π−θ.
tan ⁡θ= =−1=−tan ⁡ =tan ⁡( π − )=tan ⁡ ⇒ θ= Hence, ¿ z∨¿ r =
y π π 3π 3π 1
and
x 4 4 4 4 √2
3π
arg ⁡z=θ= .
4

Worksheet Section A

(A) State True or False for the statement:

1 Multiplication of a non-zero complex number by l rotates it through a right angle in the anti-
clockwise direction.
2 The complex number cos ⁡θ+isin ⁡θ can be zero for some θ .
3 If a complex number coincides with its conjugate, then the number must lie on imaginary axis.
7π
4 The argument of the complex number z=(1+i √ 3)(1+i)(cos ⁡θ+i sin ⁡θ) is +θ
12
5 The points representing the complex number z for which ¿ z +1∨¿∨z−1∨¿ lies in the interior
of a circle.
6 If three complex numbers z 1 , z 2 and z 3 are in A . ., then they lie on a circle in the complex
plane.
7 If n is a positive integer, then the value of i n +¿ is 0 .
8 The order relation is defined on the set of complex numbers.
9 Multiplication of a non-zero complex number by −i rotates the point about origin through a
right angle in the anti-clockwise direction.
10 For any complex number z the minimum value of ¿ z∨+¿ z−1∨¿ is 1 .
11 The locus represented by ¿ z−1∨¿∨z−i∨¿ is a line perpendicular to the join of ¿, 0 ¿
and (0 , 1).
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

12 If z is a complex number such that z ≠ 0 and ℜ ⁡(z)=0, then ℑ ⁡( z 2) =0.

13 The inequality ¿ z−4∨¿∨z−2∨¿ represents the region given by x >3.
14 Let z 1 and z 2 be two complex numbers such that |z 1 + z 2|=|z 1|+|z 2|, then arg
( z 1−z 2 )=0
15 2 is not a complex number.
Section B: Choose the correct answer (MCQ)
1. The rea] value of ' a ' for which 3 i 3−2 i2 + ( 1−a ) i+5 is real is....
(A) 1 (B) −1 (C) 2 (D) −2
π
2. If |z|=2 and arg ( z )= , then z=…
4

( π
(A) 2 cos −isin
4
π
4 ) π
(
(B) 2 cos +isin
4
π
4 )
( π
(C) 2 sin +icos
4
π
4 ) π
(
(D) 2 sin −icos
4
π
4 )
π
3. The locus of z satisfying arg g ( z )= is...
3
(A) y= √ 3 x (B) √ 3 x+ y =0 (C) x=√ 3 y (D) x=− √ 3 y
4. The value of ¿, where n ∈ N , is...
3 −3
(A) i (B) −i (C) (D)
1 1
1−1
5. The conjugate of the complex number is...
1+1
( A)1+ i (B) 1−i (C) i (D) 2−1
6. If complex number lies in third quadrant, then its conjugate lies in the ..
(A) First Quadrant (B) Second Quadrant
(C) Third quadrant (D) Fourth Quadrant
7. If (2+i)(2+2i)(2+3 i) …(2+¿)=x+iy , then 5.8 .13 … ( 4 +n2 ) =¿
(A) x 2+ y 2. (B) x 2− y 2 (C) 4 x 2+ y 2 (D) x 2+ n2 y 2
8. Match the statement in column A with Column B
Match the statement in column A and B
Column A Column B
(a) The value of 1 ÷i 2 +i 4 +i 6 +…+i 0 is.. (i) purely imaginary complex
number

(b) The value of i−1997 Is.. . (ii) purely real complex number

(c) Conjugate of 1 ÷l lies in... (iii) second quadrant

1+ 2i (iv) fourth quadrant

(d) lies in … ..
1−i
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

(e) If a 1 b , c ∈ R and b 2−4 ac< 0, then the roots. (v) may not occur in conjugate pairs
of the equation ...
2
a x +bx +c=0 are non real. (complex) and
(f) If a , b , c ∈ R and b 2−4 ac> 0, and (vi) may occur in conjugate pairs
2
b −4 ac pairs is a perfect square, then the roots ...
of the equation a x 2 +bx +c=0 is

(A) a-vi, b-i, c-v,d-ii,e-iv, f-iii (B) a-v, b-i, c-vi, d-iii, e-iv, f-ii
(C) a-ii, b-i, c-v, d-iii, e-iv, f-vi (D) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii, e-vi, f-v
4
i k +1−i+1
9 What is the value of ?
2
(A) 0 (B) – i (C) -1 (D) i
10 What is the smallest positive integer n, for which ¿ ?
(A) -1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2
11 What is the reciprocal of 3+ √ 7 i ?
(A) 3−√ 7 i (B)
1 1
(C) +i
1
(D)
3
−i ⋅
√7
3−√ 7 3 √7 16 16
Z1
12 If z 1=√ 3+i √ 3 and z 2=√ 3+i, then the quadrant in which ( ¿lie
Z2
(A) First (B) Second (C) Third (D) Fourth

13 The conjugate of
√ 5+12i+ √ 5−12 l is?
√5+ 12i−√ 5−12l
3 1 3
(A) 3+2 i (B) 3−2i (C) 0− i (D) + i
2 2 2
14 If 1−i and 1+i are two roots of the equation x 2+ ax +b=0, where a , b ∈ R ,then the values of a
and b is
(A) 2 ,−2 (B)−2 , 2 (C)0 , 2 (D) −2 , 1
15.1+i 2+ i 4 +i 6+ …+i 2 n is …
(A) positive (B) negative (C) 0 (D) cannot be evaluated.
16. If the complex number z=x +iy satisfies the condition |z +1|=1, then the Z lies on
(A) x-axis (B) Circle with center (1,0) and radius 1
(C) Circle with center (−1,0) and radius 1 (D) y-axis.
17. The Area of the triangle on the complex plane formed by the complex numbers
z ,−izand z +iz is
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman
2
2 2 |z|
(A) |z| (B) |z| (C) (D) None of these.
2
18. The equation |z +1−i|=|z−1+i|representsa …
(A) Straight line (B) Circle. (C) Parabola (D) hyperbola.
2
19. The number of solution of equation z 2+|z| =0 is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C)3 (D) infinitely many.

20.For any two complex numbers z 1 , z 2 and any real numbers
2 2
a , b ,|a z 1−b z 2| +¿ |b z 1 +a z 2| =…

(A) ( a + b ) (| z1| +|z 2| ) (B) ( a + b ) (| z1| −|z 2| )

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

(C) ( a −b ) (|z 1| +|z 2| ) (D) ( a −b ) (|z 1| −|z 2| )

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

21. The value of √ −25 × √ −9 is...

(A) 15 (B) -15 (C) 15 i (D) −15 i
22. The number ¿ ¿ is equal to...
(A) 2 (B) -2 (C) 1+i (D) 1−i
23. The sum of the series i+i 2+i 3 +… upto 1000 terms is...
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) -1 (D) 1+i
24. Multiplicative inverse of 1+i is...
1 1
(A) 1+i (B) 1−i (C) (1+i) (D) (1−i)
2 2
25. If z 1 and z 2 are complex numbers such that z 1+ z2 is a real number, then z 2=…
(A) 0 (B) −z 1 (C) z 1 (D) i z 1
26. If ¿ z +4∨≤ 3, then the greatest and least values of ¿ z +1∨¿ are ... and .....
(A) 3 and 0 (B) 4 and 0 (C) 5 and 0 (D) 6 and 0

27. If | z−2
z +2 | 6
π
= , then the locus of z is...
(A) straight line (B) circle (C) parabola (D) ellipse
28. the roots of the quadratic equation x 2+ 8=0
(A) √ 2i (B) ± √ 2i (C) 2 √ 2i (D) ± 2 √ 2 i
2−i
29. What is the conjugate of ?
¿¿
−2 1 2 1 −2 11 2 1
(A) − i (B) − i (C) − i (D) − i
24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25
INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

30. If |z 1|=| z2|, is it necessary that z 1=z 2 ?

(A) Yes (B) No (C) May be (D)Incomplete Data
2
31. If
( a2 +1 ) 2 2
=x +iy , what is the value of x + y ?
2 a−i
2 2 4 4
( a2 +1 ) ( a2 +1 ) ( a2 +1 ) ( a2 +1 )
(A) 2
(B) 2
(C) 2
(D) 2
2 a +1 2 a −1 4 a +1 4 a −1

|
32. Find (1+i)
(2+i)
(3+i)|.
1 1
(A) 1 (B) √ 2 (C) (D)
4 2

33. Where does z lie, if | z−5

z +5 i |
i
=1.
(A) First Quadrant (B) Third Quadrant (C) Real Axis (D)Imaginary Axis
34. sin ⁡x +i cos ⁡2 x and cos ⁡x−isin ⁡2 x are conjugate to each other for..
(A) x=nπ (B) x= n+ ( )
1 π
2 2
(C) x=0 (D) No value of x
1−isin ⁡α
35. The real value of α for which the expression is purely real is...
1+ 2i sin ⁡α
π π
(A) (n+1) (B) (2 n+1)
2 2
(C) nπ (D) None of these, where n ∈ N
ź
36. If z=x +iy lies in the third quadrant, then also lies in the third quadrant if.,
z
(A) x > y >0 (B) x < y <0 (C) y < x <0 (D) y > x >0
37. The value of (z +3)( ź+ 3) is equivalent to...
(A) ¿ z +3 ¿2 (B) ¿ z−3∨¿ (C) z 2+ 3 (D) None of these

( )
x
1+i
38. If =1, then...
1−i
(A) x=2 n+1 (B) x=4 n (C) x=2 n (D) x=4 n+1, where n ∈ N

39. A real value of x satisfies the equation ( 3+4 i, x )

3−4 ix
=α−iβ (a , β ∈ R), if α + β =¿...
2 2

(A) 1 (B) -1 (C) 2 (D) -2

40. Which of the following is correct for any two complex numbers z 1 and z 2 ?
(A) |¿ z 1 z 2∨¿|z 1||z 2| (B) arg ⁡( z 1 z 2 ) =arg ⁡( z 1 ) ⋅ arg ⁡( z 2)

(C) |z 1 + z 2|=|z 1|+|z 2| (D) |z 1 + z 2|≥|z 1|−| z2|

INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

41. The point represented by the complex number 2−i is rotated about origin through an
π
angle in the clockwise direction, the new position of point is...
2
(A) 1+2 i (B) −1−2 i (C) 2+i (D) −1+2 i
42. Let x , y ∈ R , then x +iy is a non real complex if...
(A) x= 0 (B) y = 0 (C) x ≠ 0 (D) y ≠ 0
43. If a+ ib=c +id , then....
(A) a 2+ c2 =0 (B) b 2+ c2 =0
(C) b 2+ d 2=0 (D) a 2+ b2=c 2 +d 2
i+ z
44. The complex number z which satisfies the condition- ¿ ∨¿=1 lies on
i−z
(A) Circle x 2+ y 2=1 (B) the x-axis. (C)the y-axis (D) the line x + y = 1

45. If z is a complex number, then...

(A) |z 2|>¿ z ¿2 (B) |z 2|=¿ z ¿2
(C) |z 2|<¿ z ¿2 (D) |z 2|≥∨z
46. |z 1 + z 2|=|z 1|+|z 2| is possible if..
1
(A) z 2= z˙1 (B) z 2=
x2
(C) arg ⁡( z 1 )=arg ⁡( z 2) (D) |z 1|=| z2|
1+ lcos ⁡θ
47. The real value of θ for which the expression is a real number is...
1−2 lcos ⁡θ
π
(A) nπ + (B) nπ +¿
4
π
(C) 2 nπ ± (D) none of these
2
48. The value of arg. (x ) when x <0 is...
π
(A) 0 (B) (C) π (D) none of these
2
7− y
49. If f (z)= 2 where z=1+2 i , then ∣ f (z ) is...
1−2
¿
(A) ¿ z∨ 2 ¿ (B) ¿ z∨¿ (c) 2∨z ∨¿ (D) none of these

50. Multiplicative inverse of √ 5+3 i is...

−√ 5 3 √5 − 3 i (C) −√5 + 3 i √5 + 3 i
(A) − i (B) (D)
14 14 14 14 44 14 14 14
51. Solution(s) of √ 3 x2 −√ 2 x +3 √ 3=0 is(are)...
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

(A)
−√ 2 √ 34
± i (B)
√2 ± √ 34 i (C) √2 + √ 34 i (D)
2 2 √3 √ 3 2 √3 2 √ 3
√2 ± √ 3+ ¿ i ¿
2 √3 2 √ 3
5+ √ 2i
52. Expression of in the form a+ ib is
1−√ 2i
(A) 1+2 √ 2 i (B) 12 √ 2 i (C) 2 √ 2+i . ( D ) 2 √ 2−i
1+ i
53. Modulus of is...
i−i
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) √ 2 (D) 2
54. Expression of ¿ in the form a+ ib is a
(A) 0−4 i (B) 0+ 4 i (c) −4+0 i (D) 4 +0 i
55. Solution of √ 5 x2 + x + √ 5=0 over complex number are....
2 √ 19 1 √ 19
±√ i
2 19
(A) + i (B) + i (C) (D)
√5 √5 √5 √5 2 √5 2 √5
±√ i
1 19
2 √5 2 √5
(3+2)(2+3)
56. The complex number in a+ ib form is...
(1+2 i)(2−i)
39 52 39 52 52 39 52 39
(A) + i (B) − i (C) + i (D) − i
25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
57. Expression of i 9 +i 19 in the form a+ ib is...
(A) −1+0 i (B) 0+ 0i (C) 1+0 i (D) 0+i
1
58. The conjugate of is ..
3÷ 4 i
3 4 3 4 4 3 4 3
(A) + i (B) − i (C) + i(D) − i
25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
a+ ib
59. If x +iy= then x 2+ y z =¿
a+ ib
(A) 0 . (B) a+ i (C) – bi (D) 1

60. If x−iy=
√
a−ib
c−id
, then x 2+ y 2=¿

√ √
2 2 2 2 2 2
a +b a2−b 2 a +b a −b
(A) 2 2 (B) 2 2 (C) 2 2 (D) 2 2
c +d c −a c +d c −d

C Assertion & Reasoning Questions:

Q: In the following question a statement of Assertion ( A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Pick the correct option:
a) Both A and R are tue and R is the correct explanation of A .
b) Both A and R are tue but R is not the correct explanation of A .
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true.
e) Both A and R are false.
1 A: Value of √ −16 × √ −25=−20
3 2
2 A: Multiplicative Inverse of 3+2 i is −i
5 5
3 A: For a complex number z ,∨z−1∨¿∨z +1∨¿, then ℜ ⁡(z)=0
R: Modulus of a+ ib is √ a2 +b 2, and Two complex numbers are equal if and only if their real
and imaginary parts are equal.
4 A: Modulus of 3+i 4 is 3−i4
R : If a complex number coincides with its conjugate, then the number must lie on real axis.
Sec Ans. Sec Ans. Sec Ans. Sec Ans. Sec Ans.
A-1 T A-2 F A-3 F A-4 T A-5 F
A-6 F A-7 T A-8 F A-9 F A-10 T
A-11 T A-12 T A-13 T A-14 F A-15 F
B- D B-2 B B-3 A B-4 A B-5 C
B-6 B B-7 A B-8 D B-9 D B-10 D
B-11 D B-12 A B-13 C B-14 B B-15 D
B-16 C B-17 C B-18 A B-19 D B-20 A
B-21 B B-22 B B-23 A B-24 D B-25 C
B-26 D B-27 B B-28 D B-29 C B-30 B
B-31 C B-32 A B-33 C B-34 D B-35 C
B-36 B B-37 A B-38 B B-39 A B-40 A
B-41 B B-42 D B-43 D B-44 B B-45 B
B-46 C B-47 C B-48 C B-49 A B-50 B
B-51 D B-52 A B-53 B B-54 C B-55 D
B-56 A B-57 B B-58 A B-59 D B-60 A
C-1 b C-2 c C-3 a C-4 d

Case study questions on complex numbers

Case study -1

(i) The value of z 61 + ź 31=¿

(a) −4 i−10 (b) −2−10 i (c) 2−10i (d) −2+10 i
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

Hint ¿

∴¿
3
[ ( 12 +i2 +2i ) ] + ¿ =¿
3
8 i +(−2−2i )=−8 i−2−2i=−10i−2 on −2−10i Answer: (c)
−1
(ii) Value of z 1 where z 1=1+i

1 i 1 i 3 3 i
(a) − (b) + (c) −i (d) + Answer: (a)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

z2
(iii) Conjugate of is where z 1=1+i and z 2=2−i
z1
1 3i 3 5i 1 3i 3 5i
(a) − (b) + (c) + (d) − answer (c)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(iv) The value of z 1 . z 2 is
(a) 1−3 i (b) 2−3 i (c) 2+3 i (d) 1+3 i
2
1+i¿ ⋅(2+i)=2+i+ 2i+i =2+3 i−1=1+3 i Answer (d)

z1
(v) The quadrant in which lies:
z2

(a) 1st (b) 2 nd (c) 3rd (d) 4th

Answer: (a)
Case study 2

1 Which complex numbers are represented by the points A

and B ?
(A) 4 +i5 , 2+7 i
(B) 5+i 4 , 7+2 i
(C) 4−i 5 , 2−7 i
(D) 5−i4 ,7−2 i Ans. (B)

2 Lengths representing modulus of the points A and B resp.

are ...
(A) AP, BL
(B) OP ,OQ
(C) OA , OB
(D) OM, OL Ans. (C )
 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Class XI
MANGAF (KUWAIT) Solutions of complex number Ch4

Abdullah. M. Rahman

3Conjugates of the complex numbers at the points A and B

are resp. represented by the points....
(A) C, D
(B) E, F
(C) G, H
(D) D, C Ans. (A)
4 Multiplicative Inverse of the complex number at A is
where A= 5+ 4 i
5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4
(A) + i (B) −i (C) + i (D) + i
41 41 41 41 9 9 9 9
Answer (B)

5 Product of the complex numbers at A and B is...

(A) 43+ i38 (B) 27+i 38 (C) 43−i18 (D) 27 - i18
Answer (B)