DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF SINDH

JAMSHORO

RESEARCH REPORT - TOPIC: DIVORCE

Group Leader:

 Afshan Shaikh (2K19-PSYN-3)

Other Group Members:

 Aisha Rajput (2K19-PSYN-4)  Aqsa Siddiqui (2K19-PSYN-8)

 Areesha Qazi (2K19-PSYN-9)  Jamila Raees (2K19-PSYN-31)

 Jaweriya Ilyas (2K19-PSYN-33)  Mahnoor Sohail (2K19-PSYN-38)

 Mariyam Amir (2K19-PSYN-43)  Matthew Jass (2K19-PSYN-44)

 Momina Shaikh (2K19-PSYN-45)  Muniba Farooq (2K19-PSYN-50)

 Om-e-Kulsoom (2K19-PSYN-52)  Qurat ul Ain Rajput (2K19-PSYN-54)

 Ramsha Aslam (2K19-PSYN-57)  Tahzeeb Khatoon (2K19-PSYN-70)

 Tanzila Zakir (2K19-PSYN-71)  Warda Ashfaque (2K19-PSYN-75)

 Sunaina Mumtaz (2K19-PSYN-79)

In the Name of ALLAH

The Most Gracious

The Most Merciful

Who’s Help

We Solicit
GROUP MAIN TOPIC: DIVORCE
INTRODUCTION TO DIVORCE

Divorce is one of the most serious social problem in the modern world. It has become very common

teaser and it affects all level of society.

In past, divorce was quite rare. But today a majority of marriages breakup their family lives in the

first few years.

Definition:

1. The legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body.

2. Separate or dissociate (something) from something else, typically with an undesirable effect.

Causes:

1. Doubt

2. The Feeling of being unloved from the Partner.

3. Unappreciated.

4. Too Much Miscommunication.

5. No More Trust or Trust Issues.

6. Incompatible.

7. Drinking or Drug Abuse.

8. Money Problem.
Consequences of Divorce:

Women:

It is difficult for a divorced women to find someone to marry. May also suffer from financial

problems or from not being able to see her children.

Men:

After divorce they also suffer from financial problems as a result of their divorce in addition they

may have problem dealing with their children.

Common Problems/Psychological Problems:

1. Anxiety

2. Fear

3. Angry

4. Loneliness

Effects of Divorce on Children:

1. Sleep Problem

2. Poor Concentration

3. Trouble at School

4. Self injury

5. Eating disorder
6. Frequent angry or violent outbursts

7. Withdrawal from loved ones

Habits of Parents after Divorce:

1. Increased drinking

2. Over eating

3. Smoking

4. Sleeplessness

5. Nervousness

Think before Divorce:

1. Should be thought again

2. Think about the children future

3. Discuss again with each other

4. Should think about his/her future

5. Speak with counselor

6. Think about religious concern

Statistical View:

What is the Divorce Rate in Pakistan?

According to police reports in the first quarter of 2020 alone, 3800 divorce cases were filed in

Karachi. Most recently between January to November 2021, the district judiciary Rawalpindi also

reported 10312 cases of divorce.

How Many Divorce are there Per Year in Pakistan?

Similar to global trends divorce rate is increasing gradually in Pakistan too. In Punjab (Pakistan)

in 2014 divorce cases registered were16942 that rose to 18901 cases in 2016.

Which Country is Number 1 in Divorce?

 Luxembourg

And right now it’s also the top country with the highest divorce rate in the world.

Which Country has the highest Divorce Rate 2022?

The country with the highest yearly divorce rate is the Maldives.
TYPES OF DIVORCE

Types of Divorce are as Under:

1. Uncontested divorce

2. Contested divorce

3. Collaborative divorce

4. Simple divorce

5. No – Fault divorce

6. Default Divorce

1. Uncontested Divorce: In an uncontested divorce, both parties have come to terms with the

marriage ending. No one is faulting the other party, and everything is amicably sorted out.

This type of divorce is best for couples who do not share any financial assets.

2. Contested Divorce: In a contested divorce, as the name implies, the former couple cannot

come to an agreement on anything. Both parties refused to accept the other person’s terms,

and things can become heated very quickly.

3. Collaborative Divorce: In a collaborative divorce, both parties will sign and agreement

before any negotiating begins. The agreement essentially states that the exes will work

together to read an agreement that works for both of them.

4. Simple Divorce: A simple divorce is for those couples who do not have children, do not

have much income, or have not be married for a long time. People who were married for

over five years cannot file for a simple divorce.

5. No – Fault Divorce: In this type of divorce, neither party has to prove that the other person

did something wrong. Essentially, both people agree that they played a part in the marriage

ending. This option is excellent for people who do not see fights occurring and want things

to proceed peacefully.

6. Default Divorce: A default divorce is rare, but it does happens. This type of divorce occurs

when one party cannot be reached or found. Thus, the judge essentially counts there

absence as approval of the agreement.

CAUSES OF DIVORCE

What are the Causes of Divorce:

Cultural shifts in attitude and behavior over the past 75 years has helped to redefine the meaning

of marriage. In turn these shifting beliefs have also normalize and largely eliminated the stigma

that once shrouded divorce. The idea of marriage as a lifelong commitment has changed

significantly, and gradually evolved to an emphasis on individual fulfillment and satisfaction.

Over time, The United States has transitioned from a country wherein the idea of divorce was

unheard of and building a successful marriage was considered a top priority, to a place with one

of the highest divorce rates in the world. In spite of the increased prevalence of marital education,

marriage counseling, and family therapists divorce is an ever constant reality in society.

Even as the overall divorce rate is decreasing among adults ages 16-65%, approximately 45% of

marriages still and in divorce in the US.

What are the Most Common Causes of Divorce:

According to various studies, the three most common causes of divorce are conflict, arguing,

irretrievable breakdown in the relationship, lack of commitment, infidelity and lack of physical

intimacy. The least common reasons are lack of shared interests and incompatibility between

partners.
The 13 Most Common Reasons for Divorce:

The top 13 reasons sourced from our analysis of surveys that reported 20% or more of respondents

citing the following reasons.

1. Conflict, arguing, irretrievable breakdown in the relationship

2. Lack of commitment

3. Infedility/extramarital affairs

4. Distance in the relationship/lack of physical intimacy

5. Communication problems between partners

6. Domestic violence, verbal, physical or emotional abuse by a partner

7. Realization that one’s spouse has different values/morals

8. Substance abuse/alcohol addiction

9. Absence of romantic intimacy/love

10. One partner not carrying their weight in the marriage

11. Financial problems/debt

12. Marrying too young

13. Lack of shared interests/incompatibility between partners

Other could be health issues, sexual dysfunctions etc.

Luckily in spite of the challenges that married couples are face during the course of relationship,

the likelihood divorce declines as the length of marriage increases.

In addition, resources like marriage counseling, relationship education and family law therapists

assist couples in resolving conflict and building healthy marriages before divorce becomes

inevitable. If marriage partners are able to approach their relationship with open minds in order to

avoid the disappointment of unrealistic, unmet expectations, they will remain flexible throughout

their marriage to overcome challenges the encounter.

CONSEQUENCES OF DIVORCE

Numerous studies have found that parental separation and divorce is associated with a range of

negative outcomes for younger children and adolescents across various domains Parental

separation/divorce is associated with academic difficulties, including lower grades and

prematurely dropping out of school, and greater disruptive behaviors (e.g., being oppositional with

authority figures, getting into fights, stealing, and using and abusing alcohol and illegal drugs).

Children and adolescents who experience the divorce of their parents also have higher rates of

depressed mood, lower self-esteem, and emotional distress.

Children of divorce are more likely to experience poverty, educational failure, early and risky

sexual activity, non-marital childbirth, earlier marriage, cohabitation, marital discord and divorce.

In fact, emotional problems associated with divorce actually increase during young adulthood.

1. Grief:

Divorce is a death of a union, and therefore the death of a dream, a promise, a life, and a family

unit. Everyone involved even a perpetrator will feel grief and loss during a divorce. If there are

children involved, they will experience severe grief over the loss of being with both parents

together, living under the same roof. Grief hits every part of a family during a divorce.
2. Trauma:

Divorce marks a pivotal moment in a person’s life, especially for children; life as they know it

changes forever and they become different versions of themselves, adapting to new routines and

new versions of their parents (who have also changed). They might move to a new home, new

school, or be a part of a new step-family. Often, children take responsibility for their parents’

divorce, internalizing guilt and regret over the break-up.

3. Emotional Problems:

Following a divorce, parents and children often experience emotional problems that can last for

years, even for the rest of their lives. Anxiety, depression, fear of abandonment, distrust, insecurity,

lack of intimacy, confusion over sexuality and/or gender, guilt, avoidance of conflict, faithlessness,

control, loneliness, bitterness, and rebellion manifest themselves in children who have lived

through a parents’ divorce.

4. Losing Friends:

Most divorced people, while they remain single, eventually find new single friends. At some point,

they begin to feel awkward in their previous married friends’ circles.

DIVORCE RATE IN PAKISTAN/RATIO OF DIVORCE

The divorce rate in Pakistan has reached an all-time high, according to a 2019 Survey carried out

by Gallup and Gilani Pakistan. The Survey says, 58% of Pakistanis believe that divorce rates in

Pakistan have increased in the country. 2 out of every 5 Pakistanis believe that the in-laws are

responsible for most of these cases, it added. Covid-19 pandemic is also to be blamed among the

reasons for the rising divorce cases in Pakistan, especially in 2020 and 2021.

According to police reports, in the first quarter of 2020 alone, 3800 divorce cases were filed in

Karachi. Most recently between January to November 2021, the District Judiciary of Rawalpindi

also reported 10,312 cases of divorce, khula, guardianship and maintenance. Also, 13,000 more

cases are awaiting adjudication in the family courts of Rawalpindi district.

Forced marriages are another main factor apart from many others that has added to the reasons

why the divorce rate is increasing in Pakistan. Criminal and family lawyer Advocate Hamid Rashid

Gondal reveals that divorce cases in the rural regions of Pakistan have especially escalated. It is

mainly because forced marriages in the pressure of family honor are still significantly high.

A nationally representative sample of men and women from across the country were asked “Some

People believe that divorce rate has increase in the past 10 years whereas others believe there has

been no change. What is your view point?”

Forty eight percent (48%) believe the divorce rate in Pakistan has increased, 19% believe it has

decreased, whereas 32% claimed that there has been no significant difference in divorce rate in the

past 10 years. The remaining 1% gave no response.

It is seen that a proportionately higher percentage of urbanites (55%) as compared to their rural.
Counterparts (44%) are of the opinion that over the past few years the rate of divorce has increased.

Increase of Divorce Rates in Pakistan:

April 29, 2021 M.Nauman Hanif

Description:

The increase in divorce rates in Pakistan is alarming. Pakistan is considered one of those countries

where marital relations deal sacredly but unfortunately, due to changing trends and social issues,

the ratio of divorces is increasing in Pakistan, continuously.

Introduction and Background:

There was a time in Pakistan when the word “Divorce” was taboo. Marital relationships are taken

as a sacred affair in Pakistan; as Pakistan is an Islamic state. But unfortunately, it has been seen

that in past years divorce ratio is increasing. This word is no longer taboo in Pakistan society. It

has been seen that when women come to court they come with their parents which indicates that

their parents are supporting them for this action. It has been recorded that from 2005 to 2011,

112,641 divorced cases have been filed and 40,410 separation ratings did occur last decade in

Pakistan.

According to psychologists, socialists, and analyzers, there are several reasons for the breakup.

Some say the big issue is over expectations of spouses after love marriage. That’s why it is proper

to say that 80% of love marriages decline. But on the other hand, some people suggest there is

more divorce rate in arranged marriages of the middle working class because couples fall prey to

misunderstanding, financial problems, lack of trust, etc. But overall the picture describes a lack of

understanding and expectation causes to end the relationship. According to psychologists,

increasing the educational rate in females also is a factor in increasing the divorce rate. Because

education makes a woman financially as well as mentally independent so she less opts to

compromise; she needs freedom instead of saving her home-so what she does.

Compromise and manage certain things in particular scenarios. There are several precautions and

suggestions that have been advised by the psychologist and socialist to help with the working on

relationships for couples.

First you have to breakdown this mirror which suggests to you that you are perfect and spend a

more wonderful life separately. You should respond to your spouse with respect and honor. And,

you must make your spouse realize that there is no one but only you who can care for him/her

better than others. You should spend time with each other, at least once in a fortnight step out of

the house and have dinner. You should negotiate on matters which disturb you. These are the fine

and easy tactics to handle relationships successfully.

DIVORCE CASE

Aliza accuses Feroze Khan of physical and psychological abuse, actor issues statement Sultan, in

a social media post, shared she had to ‘endure infidelity, blackmail and degradation.

After months of speculation and rumors, actor Feroze Khan has confirmed that he and his wife of

four years, Syeda Aliza Sultan have parted ways. The actor, while announcing the news on social

media, shared that the divorce was finalized by a family court earlier this month.

Aliza opens up about ‘abusive marriage; Our marriage of four years was an utter chaos,” Aliza

said in a statement. “In addition to continuous physical and psychological violence during this

period, I had to endure infidelity, blackmail and degradation at my husband’s hands.” She added

that after careful consideration, she has “reached the sad conclusion that I cannot spend my whole

life in this horrific manner.”

Aliza went on to comment, “The welfare and wellbeing of my children have played a significant

role in this decision. I do not want them to grow up in a toxic, unhealthy and violent household. I

am afraid that their mental development and approach to life would be negatively impacted by

exposure to a such hostile environment.

Further elaborating, she shared, “No kid should ever have to grow up feeling violence to be a

normal part of relationships. I would rather teach them that no wounds are too deep to be healed,

no scars too shameful to be concealed at the cost of one’s safety.”

Feroze Khan Issues Statement:

Taking to social media, the Habs star shared his own two cents on the matter. “As a law-abiding

citizen of Pakistan, I have full confidence in the justice of the court,” Feroze wrote. “Our divorce

was finalised on September 3, 2022, after which I filed a family law case asking custody of and

visitation rights pertaining to my children Sultan and Fatima in the eighth family judge district,

East Karachi on September 19, 2022.”

Today, on September 21, 2022, the Court heard both parties and allowed me to spend time with

my children Sultan and Fatima for half an hour in his [the judge’s] presence. The Court then

adjourned the matter till October 1, 2022, on which date it will resume further proceedings related

to visitation rights whereby I can continue to meet my children.”

Feroze, while addressing his ex-wife, shared that he will extend his support and respect as the

mother of his children. “As concerns my ex-wife, I shall extend her my respect and support as she

is the mother of my children. I am afraid I am not in a position to further discuss this matter as the

case is pending before the Court,” the Aye Musht-e-Khaak actor concluded.

In February this year, the former couple welcomed a baby girl. Feroze announced the news on his

social media accounts and revealed the name of his daughter as well. The couple has named their

newborn Fatima Khan. In 2019, Feroze and Aliza became parents to a baby boy, Mohammad

Sultan Khan.

The actor had then shared the news on Twitter and wrote, “Alhamdulillah, this blessed Friday I’ve

been gifted a son. Literal Jummah Mubarak.” The former couple had kept a low public profile for

the last few years. The rumours regarding their separation began in 2020.
DIVORCE LAWS

Divorce Under Family Law in Pakistan:

When husband and wife cannot live happily together within the limits prescribed by Almighty

Allah then they can dissolve their marriage through divorce or khula. The husband can pronounce

divorce and wife can file a suit for dissolution of marriage and can also pronounce Talaq, if such

right has been conferred upon her. Every divorce or khula case has its own facts, circumstances,

drawbacks, challenges and solutions.

Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act 1939

Judicial khula may also be granted without the husband's consent if the wife is willing to forgo her

financial rights.

The Quran permits divorce partly because of some countenance to the customs and partly to enable

men get rid of an odious union. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) restrained the power of divorce and

gave to the women the right of obtaining the separation on reasonable grounds.

Grounds for Judicial Divorce:

Grounds on which a woman may seek khula include:

 Desertion by husband for four years,

 Failure to maintain for two years

 Husband contracting a polygamous marriage in contravention of established legal

procedures,

 Husband's imprisonment for seven years,

 Husband's failure to perform marital obligations for three years,

 Husband's continued impotence from the time of the marriage

 Husband's insanity for two years or his serious illness

 Wife's exercise of her option of puberty if she was contracted into marriage by any guardian

before the age of 16 and repudiates the marriage before the age of 18 (as long as the

marriage was not consummated),

 Husband's cruelty (including physical or other mistreatment, unequal treatment of co-

wives),

 Any other ground recognised as valid for the dissolution of marriage under Muslim law
HUSBAND’S RIGHT OF DIVORCE OR TALAQ AND THE LEGAL

PROCEDURE

A husband has the unilateral right of Divorce or talaq and he cannot be alienated from this right

but can be restricted through the marriage contract also known as nikkahnama. As per Muslim

Personal Law and under section 7 of the Muslim Family Law Ordinance the husband can

pronounces talaq orally as well as by way of Deed of Divorce.

Husband is duty bound to send written notice by registered post to the Union Council or concerned

government office in charge for issuance of divorce certificates. In the said notice the husband

must mention the address of his ex- wife, thereby enabling the government office to issue notices

to her by registered post and it shall constitutes arbitration Council within 30 days of receipt of

notice for the purpose of reconciliation and settlement if possible.

This legislation was introduced to protect women from an instant and unrecorded divorce. Earlier

cases were recorded where woman who was not properly divorced and who later remarried could

be punished for bigamy and sentenced up to 7 years (or up to 10 years if she concealed the previous

marriage) and only on the complaint of her first husband as there was no proof of dissolution of

marriage. Therefore, this legislation was enacted to protect a woman who re-marries from a

frivolous criminal case and sentencing. Hence it is vital for a woman to be absolutely clear about

her marital status and to have documentary proof that she is properly divorced.

Notice of talaq can be served on a wife with permission of concerned government office through

her father, mother, adult brother or sister – but no other relatives. If this is not possible because her

whereabouts are not known and notice cannot be served on her through her immediate family, the

husband can still serve notice through a newspaper approved by the concerned government office.
It is important to receive a notice from the concerned union council, whereas it has been reported

that in some cases families have refused to receive notices, fearing that it is a notice of talaq and

hence talaq will not become effective. This practice could lead to unfavorable results as service of

notice can be done by way of publication in the newspaper hence refusal to receive notice of talaq

is merely an attempt to act like an ostrich.

Once the iddat period which is 90 days from the date the concerned government office receives

the talaq notice is over, the office will issue a certificate of Talaq being effective to the husband

and wife. Please note that talaq is not effective until the expiry of iddat period and failure to abide

by law will cause a simple imprisonment for up to one year and/or a fine of up to Rs. 5000/-, hence

the Importance of Registered notice of Talaq.

A verbal talaq is not recognised by law and the husband’s failure to send written notice to the

government office is treated as no divorce in law. However it is also important to note that as per

Islamic scholars, divorce once pronounced by the husband and khula once obtained from the court

of law is effective and binding.

WIFE’S RIGHT OF DIVORCE OR TALAQ

A Muslim marriage is an agreement and can be dissolved like any other agreement. In Islam both

wife and husband have legal and religious rights to dissolve a marriage. A husband has the

unilateral right of Talaq, which can never be taken away but can be restricted through the

nikahnama.

A wife can dissolve her marriage unilaterally only if the right of divorce has been unconditionally

delegated to her by the husband in the marriage Contract or the nikahnama. If such right of divorce

is not delegated then in Such circumstances wife candissolve her marriage by apply for Khula from

The Family Courts of Law, which is also known as dissolution of marriage by Way of judicial

divorce. Therefore if the wife is not delegated the right of Divorce in her nikahnama then she

would need to apply for Khula. Khula, which literally means ‘untying the knot’, is the dissolution

of marriage initiated by the wife and is granted by the court. To apply for Khula the wife would

need to file a suit for Khula in the Family Court under the West Pakistan Family Courts Ordinance,

on the grounds that she feels she can no long live with her husband “within the limits prescribed

by Allah’ and such a statement on oath made in her suit would be sufficient to establish her case

for Khula.
Commonly Right of Divorce is Deleted in Nikkahnama:

Clause 18 and 19 – The Right to Divorce. This is one of the most important clauses in the Nikkah

Nama, which guarantees the bride a right to divorce. Unfortunately, in many cases in Pakistan

these sections are cut off at the time of the Nikkah without consultation from the bride.

DIVORCE SETTLEMENTS

A divorce settlement is an arrangement, adjustment, or other understanding reached, as in financial

or business proceedings, between two adults who have chosen to divorce. It serves as the final

legal agreement between these adults for documenting the terms of their divorce.

A divorce settlement agreement is a document that sets out all the agreements between divorcing

spouses in connection with a divorce action. The agreement will start by indicating the parties

involved, the date of their marriage, the date of their separation, and the date when divorce papers

were filed and answered. If the parties have children, it will include the children’s names (or

initials) and ages. It will also set forth the reason why the parties are divorcing and their intention

to settle their divorce. It will then specify the parties’ agreements in all relevant categories. Parties

will benefit from being as specific as possible. Finally, the agreement will be signed and dated by

both parties.
CHILD CUSTODY AFTER DIVORCE

Divorce is the name of the crack in the family and children are the one who suffers most. When

the custody case is filed in the court after the divorce the court decides whether the child will go

with the mother or father by checking who can take more care of the children.

If the child is underage the custody will be give to the mother because mother can take ore care of

the infant then the father, but the mother’s right is over on the son when he reaches the age of

seven the son will decide himself whether to go with father or live with his mother, but the law is

different for the girl she will have this right when she reaches her puberty. The man can have the

custody of the children if he marries any other women, but the women will losses the girl child

custody if she marries any other man because of the religious point of view. The father will afford

the expenses in both the cases while having the custody or not according to the laws of the court.

During the custody cases the children suffers the most from mental stress, anxieties and depression

due to losing his or her one parent because the child seeks for the both parents in the life for

developing the healthy personality.

One important aspect of this law is that the conduct of the mother is of great importance, and if

that is found 'objectionable', she may not be given custody rights. The father has the right to

custody after the mother's term ends by the court of law.

REPORTED CASES REGARDING THE CHILD CUSTODY

Custody Row: French Mother Handed Pakistani Daughter

Lahore:

The Lahore High Court on Friday hand over an 11-year-old girl to her French mother after

recovering her from the Pakistani father’s illegal custody. The girl was recovered from a

hospital at the time she was visiting her father who had recently suffered a heart attack.

The matter had been before the court since 2009, when Amina Tarar’s father, Abdul Razzaq Tarar,

had filed a petition seeking her custody.

During Friday’s proceedings, Justice Manzoor Ahmad Malik ruled that the law did not allow the

father the child’s custody at this age. Overruling the girl’s plea for being allowed to live with her

father, the judge observed that the court had to act in line with the law irrespective of the child’s

sentiments.

The petitioner’s counsel, Advocate Bushra Qamar, said her client and his daughter were Muslims,

while the respondent, Ingrid Brandon Burger, was a Christian. She argued that a Muslim child

could not be given a non-Muslim’s custody. She claimed that the father had been taking proper

care of the child. She said the girl too did not want to be sent to live with the mother.

Respondent’s counsel Chaudhry Zulfiqar Ali told the court that the father had been holding the

girl in defiance of orders of a French custody court as well as a Pakistan court that had both granted

custody to the mother. He alleged that the petitioner was trying to mislead the court by hiding

facts.
Earlier, the petitioner had told the court that he had married Burger in France in 1999. After the

birth of their daughter, the relationship between him and his wife had deteriorated and he had

brought the girl to Pakistan with his former wife’s consent. He had requested the court to grant

him custody of the daughter.

Burger said the petitioner had “secretly” brought the girl to Pakistan in 2005 after she had been

granted the child’s custody by a French court. She said she had then filed another custody case in

a family court in Pakistan, where again she was granted the custody. Razzaq’s appeal against the

order was dismissed in 2008, but he still did not let go and in 2009 filed a petition before the LHC

seeking court directions in his favour.

On her application, three days ago, the girl was recovered from Razzaq’s custody and brought

before the court in the absence of her father and was handed over to the mother.

Another Case Reported From Paris:

This is the second case of international parental child custody involving a French citizen in three

years, where LHC awarded custody to the mother. In 2009, a high profile case of a French mother,

Peggy Collin, emerged in media. Collin campaigned for the recovery of her minor son from the

father. With the support of rights activists, Collin, launched a campaign through media.

She now lives in Paris with her son and has been helping Burger in the search for her daughter in

Pakistan, also with the help of the French Embassy. Once the case got public attention, the Punjab

government intervened to help the recovery of Collin’s son.

International Flight Turns Back to United States Because of Custody Battle:

The fastest way that parents can put their own custody rights in jeopardy is to attempt to kidnap

the child, and unfortunately, it happens more than most people might think. CBS News reports that

a flight to China was already underway when the pilots reversed course. Passengers on board were

confused, and the pilot told them that there was a mechanical problem. However, the real reason

behind the change was that the FBI contacted the pilot and told him that a passenger on board was

trying to flee the country with her son to avoid a custody battle with her soon-to-be ex-husband.

Now, the woman faces kidnapping charges and may not gain any custody rights.

Judge Sends Mother to Jail for Behavior in Courtroom:

During any courtroom appearance, it pays to remember that the judge is ultimately in charge of

how events will unfold. As such, it is wise to pay judges the respect they deserve. One mother

found that out the hard way last week.

WNCN News reports that two parents were in court to discuss their custody agreement. The father

accused the mother of withholding their son from him, despite a temporary order allowing him to

share custody.

The mother denied the accusations, and the two argued in the courtroom. The judge chastised the

couple for not acting in the child’s best interests. While he was speaking, the mother interrupted

him to continue the argument. After several warnings, the judge ordered her to spend 48 hours in

jail. During her arrest, the judge sent her mother and a friend to jail also for interfering with the

mother’s arrest.
EFFECTS OF DIVORCE ON CHILDREN’S BEHAVIOR & PERSONALITY

Divorce Can Effect a Child in 3 Ways Which Include:

1. Physically:

Divorce effects a child’s education due to the distraction in their family, which causes them to not

finish their school work. Their grades will begin to suffer, which can result in them to drop out.

2. Mentally:

They will have a harder time trusting and relating to others.

3. Emotionally:

Children will feel emotional due to the stress their parents put them through. They will feel lost,

angry, confused. They also feel guilty due to thinking that divorce was their fault.

Effect of Divorce on Children’s Behavior:

 Behavior at School:

Poor performance at academics, interruption in daily focus of the children, distraction.

 Health Problems:

Higher perceptibility to sickness, sleeping problems, depression.

 Ability to Handle Conflicts:

Irritating or modeling a parent’s behavior. Parental divorce during adolescence frequently leads to

more violent partnerships in adolescence and adulthood. In their own marriages, children of

divorced parents are more likely to be unhappy, to escalate conflict, to communicate less, to argue
frequently, and to shout or to physically assault their spouse when arguing. Thus the likelihood of

divorce is transmitted across generations.

 Aggressive Behavior:

Divorce of parents during childhood leads aggressive behavior in children during their adolescent.

 Crime:

Parental divorce contributes a big part of crime in children’s such as: weapon carrying, fighting,

robbery, substance abuse, and binge drinking.

 Drug and Alcohol:

Men who experienced their parents’ divorce as children (between ages seven and 16) are more

likely to smoke as adults. Males who have experienced parental divorce are also more likely to use

alcohol and drugs).

 Suicide:

Child suicide is often triggered by thoughts that his divorced parents reject him or have lost interest

in him. The fact the suicide rate has risen along with the divorce rate is no coincidence.
Effects of Divorce on Children’s Personality:

Emotionally Sensitive:

Divorce can bring several types of emotions to the forefront for family. Divorce can leave children

feeling overwhelmed and emotionally sensitive. Children need an outlet for their emotions.

 Someone to talk to,

 Someone who will listen,

 Children may feel effects of divorce through how they process their emotions.

Anger Irritability:

In some cases where children do not know how to respond to the affects they feel during divorce

they may become angry or irritable.

Feelings of Guilt:

Children often wonder why a divorce is happening in their family. They will look for reasons

wondering if their parents no longer love each other or if they have done something wrong. Guilt

can lead to:

 Depression

 Stress

 Feeling responsible of everything.

Separation Anxiety:

Younger children may show signs of separation anxiety such as increased crying or clinginess.
They go through Depression:

While a child may initially feel low or sad about the divorce studies report that children of divorce

are at risk of developing clinical depression. Even more concerning a few are also at higher risk of

suicide threats or attempts.

Abandonment:

 Lot of fear

 Insecure

 Triangulate with one parent against other

 Divided loyalties

Loss of Faith in Marriage and Family Unit:

 Keep thinking of their parent relation

 Fear of making new relationships

 Divorce in their own relationships

WHO SUFFERS THE MOST FROM DIVORCE

As is common knowledge, a stressed or unhealthily pregnant mother will negatively affect her

unborn child's physical and mental development. It has been noted that when a mother has a

divorce and is under constant stress, the child's development is harmed, having an adverse and

permanent effect. Additionally, studies have indicated that the short-term effects of divorce on

kids' academic performance, psychological adjustment, social and emotional adjustment, and self-

concept are all detrimental because when deciding whether to divorce, children are not considered.

They are the divorce's unwitting bystanders who are forced to participate actively in an adult crisis.

Amato (2005) found that parental disagreements had a direct impact on children's connection and

emotional insecurity. Children who grow up in these conflictual circumstances typically exhibit

higher emotional problems. No one factor of a model, according to Pryor and Rodgers (2001), can

account for the variety of consequences on children of divorce. Even though they are exposed to

the same risk factors, many divorced children experience varying levels of success. Parental death,

early childhood separation, the quantity of contact with nonresidential parents, maternal or paternal

loss, and the results both before and after separation are a few of these risk factors. Children may

have long-term impacts from these risk factors. When a child's father or mother is divorced after

the child has been in frequent touch with him or her for the first few years of life, it can have a

significant negative effect on the child's emotional health. Age of the child at the time of divorce,

gender, race, socioeconomic level, rivalry between the parents, and demographic shifts are a few

of these.
WHAT HAPPENS AFTER DIVORCE?

Going through a divorce, even an amicable divorce, can be a difficult experience. Once the divorce

is final, you probably do not want to think about anything else related to legal matters or ending

your marriage. However, there are some very important steps that you need to take to protect

yourself now and in the future.

Step One: Change Your Estate Documents

Following your divorce, it is essential to review your estate plan documents. It is crucial for you

to revise your estate documents because your former spouse may make a claim as a beneficiary

under an insurance policy or under a will or trust.

Also, do not forget to review and change the beneficiaries of insurance policies, annuities,

retirement accounts, bank accounts, and other financial accounts.

Step Two: Close Joint Accounts and Remove Access from Other Accounts

Unless the court ordered a joint account to remain open, you should close joint accounts, including

credit cards, bank accounts, and other financial accounts. For all other accounts, review who has

access to each of these accounts. You should remove your ex-spouse as an authorized person on

all financial accounts. You do not want your ex-spouse to have access to, or authority regarding,

any of your accounts.

Step Three: Use of Maiden Name

If the judge granted your request to resume the use of your maiden name, you need to get a new

driver’s license and Social Security card. You should also change your name on all financial

accounts, including credits cards and bank accounts. Remember, you may need a certified copy of

your divorce judgment to prove you have the right to change your name on government documents.

Step Four: Transfer Titles to Property

If the divorce judgment regarding property division requires either spouse to transfer title to real

estate or vehicles, you need to do this as quickly as possible. Failing to take this step could cause

problems in the future if you wish to sell the property or refinance a mortgage.
Step Five: Protect Your Data

Remember, your ex-spouse knows your email address, birth date, maiden name, the name of your

first pet, where you went to high school, your favorite movie, the names of your parents &

grandparents, and other information you would use for security questions, logins, and passwords

for accounts.

To protect your accounts and your data, you must change all passwords and security questions. In

the future, make sure that you do not use any information that your spouse would have access to

or know about to secure accounts.

Step Six: Accounting Matters

Keeping detailed records of all financial transactions and property division matters with your ex-

spouse could resolve future disputes. Therefore, make detailed notes about all transactions,

including if any transaction deviates from the court order. Also, if you are receiving domestic

support (i.e. child support or alimony), you need to speak with your tax preparer or accountant to

discuss any potential tax consequences. In addition, you should discuss whether to change

withholding information or make other changes to avoid a huge tax debt in the future.

Step Seven: Contacting Your Attorney

If you receive any documents from the court or your ex-spouse requesting modifications or

amendments to your divorce judgment, custody, support, property division, or any other matter,

contact your divorce attorney immediately. Failing to respond to these documents can result in a

default judgment from the court.

SOLUTIONS TO DIVORCE OR AVOID DIVORCE

There are numerous causes and effects of divorce, According to divorce statistics org, 40-50

percent of all first time marriages will end in divorce. Although the reason for divorce vary, some

of the top reason for divorce include poor communication, financial strain, intimacy issues, built

up resentment, deep- rooted, feelings of incompatibility and not being able to forgive, increased

stress in a married and the inability of couples to work through their problems makes it very

difficult for them to find ways to prevent divorce.

1. Honour to Respect Your Partner:

People inevitably change over time. Understanding, appreciating, and adapting to those changes

is critical for any relationship. Start by making a list of your partner's best qualities to remind

yourself of the wonderful person you married. This exercise will help you remember why you fell

in love with them in the first place.

It also helps to vocalize how much you appreciate your partner's quirks and eccentricities.

Let your partner know every day - through compliments or thank-you - that you appreciate all that

they do.

These little expressions are like deposits in the bank. You don't want to make withdrawals from

your marriage without ever making any deposits. So, be sure you are doing things that honour your

partner for who he or she is.

 2. Spend More Quality Time Together:

There are a lot of couples who are not happy in their marriage simply because they don’t feel like

they relate to one another anymore. This can happen when things like financial pressures, hectic

schedules and their children’s needs take precedence over spending time with one another. Even

though this might be that going on dates, taking vacations, making sex a priority in your

marriage are not “luxuries”. In order for a marriage to be healthy so that it can last, these

are necessities. It’s absolutely imperative that you and your spouse spend quality time with one

another and if need be seek out solutions to divorce.

3. Give Each Other Space:

One of the hardest things to balance in a marriage is the right amount of time to spend together.

Too much can feel like smothering while too little can be interpreted as inattentive. When your

partner needs space or a night out with friends, offer to watch the kids or run the errands to ensure

they can get that time. On the other hand, you also want to make time to spend with your partner.

If babysitting issues or financial constraints make that difficult, plan a fun, cost-effective date

night at home. The key is that you both make a concerted effort to spend quality time together

while also allowing each other the space to have an outside community.

4. Forgive Quickly:

Marriages often begin to fall apart when one person is holding a grudge. Research has shown that

feeling contempt toward your partner almost always festers and can lead to divorce if it's never

resolved. Try to forgive your partner as quickly as possible. Remember that forgiveness is just as

much a gift you give yourself. Holding a grudge takes up mental and emotional space and almost

always impacts your health and stress levels.

Opt for a forgiving spirit and you will reap the positive benefits, be it better sleep or stress relief.

If you have wronged your partner, sincerely apologize and ask for their forgiveness. Really listen

to what they have to say and try to understand why they are upset. Let them know you will work

on how to do things differently in the future.

5. Focus on the Positives:

Every marriage has good things about it and not so good things. In many marriages, people focus

more on what’s wrong rather than on what’s right. That’s wrong. It leads to contempt,

defensiveness and distance. Even if you’re unhappy, the best way to get your spouse to be more

responsive to your needs is to compliment him or her when she/he is hitting the mark rather than

criticizing when things aren’t going well. Remember, what you focus on, expands.

6. Pay Attention to How You Handle Conflict:

Every great relationship has conflict, but it’s the way people engage each other in the midst of it

that matters. If the win for either of you is to get the last word or to be right, your relationship

loses. The goal with conflict is to actually increase intimacy in your relationship, not create

disconnect between the two of you.

7. Listen to Your Partner:

Open and honest communication is crucial for a good marriage. Listen patiently when your

partner comes to you with problems or concerns about your relationship. Being attentive in

conversation will help you understand what makes them unhappy and give you a chance to take

action. If you have questions about what you can do to make your partner happier and more

satisfied, you should feel free to ask them.

Expect your partner to listen to you with an equal amount of respect.

If your partner is verbally abusive, belittling, or refuses to engage in conversation, let them know

how their behavior makes you feel – hopeless, alone, and dejected.

8. Be Flexible:

Don’t demand that everything be done your way. Marriage is a cooperative partnership. Neither

of you will get your way all the time. If you and your partner have different goals and ideas -

whether it’s about where to move or where to dine - hear each other out. Have conversations, not

monologues. Listen to your partner and expect that he or she will listen to you.

Let certain things go. Imagine that you wanted chicken but she made soup, or you wanted to see a

play but he insists on going to the ball game. In either case, and with either decision, life goes on.

Pick your battles and let the trivial stuff go.

Being flexible doesn’t mean your spouse should walk all over you. There are times when the

decision not to make concessions is the right one.

9. Practice Healthy Communication:

Only speak to your partner when you are in a mood and state appropriate to do so. Do not yell at

your spouse. If you feel anger building on your side or your spouse’s, suggest that you both take

some time out to cool off and resume the conversation later. Avoid trigger topics, the issues and

problems which lead you and your spouse to bicker. Communicate only while sober and rested.
 10. Stay Loyal to Your Spouse:

It might seem tempting to have a brief fling or an extended affair with someone who gives you

the attention and affection that your spouse won’t. But remember, your spouse, not your fling, is

your family. Violating the bond of marriage can propel you toward divorce and leave you feeling

guilty. Identify situations or individuals you know may lead you to infidelity and avoid them

wherever possible.

11. Focus on Your Partner’s Good Qualities:

Think back to when you first met and fell in love with your spouse. Reminiscing about these good

times will help you see their good side more clearly in the present. If you’re constantly on the

lookout for your partner’s flaws, instead of their positive qualities, you will see them in abundance.

12. Accept Yourself:

Often, our judgmental attitude of other comes from a feeling of disappointment with

ourselves. Search your feelings as to why you have such high expectations of your spouse, or why

you demand so much of them. Is it because you are not completely content with yourself personally

or professionally? If so, it will be difficult for you to accept others as well.

Lower your expectations of yourself to a realistic level and recognize that you and your spouse are

both flawed in your own ways.

Do not expect your spouse alone to provide feelings of fulfilment.

 13. Let Go of the Past:

Talk with your partner about occasions when they hurt or upset you. If you wish, write the list

down. This should not be a complete list, but it should include the most painful memories or

experiences that you and your partner have held onto, and which have inspired mutual resentment.

You and your partner will likely have different lists. Talk about each incident in turn. Each of you

should acknowledge how you contributed to the misunderstanding and apologize. Practice

forgiveness even if your partner will not.

14. Talk About Your Needs:

If one or both of you have problems communicating with one another, that’s just one more reason

why it’s such a good idea to see a marriage counselor. But if you do feel like both of you are able

to talk and listen pretty well, don’t hesitate to share your needs. Sometimes couples end up

resenting each other simply because they feel like their needs are being ignored or they are going

unmet. Just because you and your spouse share the same house, that doesn’t mean that you can

read one another’s minds. Whatever you’re expecting from the relationship, it’s important that you

share it. Only through sharing can you ultimately find appropriate solution to divorce.

15. Accept that Your Spouse is Human — Just Like You:

On the surface, you know that your husband or wife is human. But here’s the thing: When you

think about all of the things that frustrate you, there’s a pretty good chance that it’s about them not

being who you want and/or expect them to be. Humans are flawed and they make mistakes. But

the more than you accept that as a reality, the more open you’ll be to not being upset with your

spouse when they disappoint you; the more willing you will be to give them what you want in

return when you fall short: patience, forgiveness, understanding, encouragement and love. The
more willing you are to give what you want in your marriage, the more of a chance it has not only

to find solutions to divorce but also avoid divorce.

16. Communicate Regularly:

In the age of smartphones, Netflix, and work-from-home lifestyles, it's easy to get distracted. You

might find that you often go days without having a real conversation with your spouse.

Communicating openly about your life, interests, dreams, frustrations, and feelings is an important

way to foster intimacy in a relationship. It's also crucial that you also listen to your partner voice

their thoughts. It can be helpful to set aside 30 minutes each day—free from interruptions or

distractions—where you can talk.

17. Have Date Nights:

Another way to keep the flame burning in a marriage is to continue courting your spouse. Try to

make time for a date night every week—even if it's just to get ice-cream or cook a new recipe

together. If money is a concern, consider trading babysitting with another couple looking to have

a date night. You can also just put the baby in a stroller and take a walk around the mall or go to

the park.

Continue doing the things you did when you were dating. Many couples report that small,

thoughtful gestures help them feel like newlyweds. Try leaving your partner little love notes where

they will find them, make them coffee in the morning, or buy their favourite snack at the grocery

store.
 18. Go For Counseling:

Out of all of the ways in how to avoid divorce. Unfortunately, there are a lot of couples who will

wait until they feel totally hopeless within their relationship before even considering seeing a

professional marriage counselor, but the reality is that it’s healthy for all couples to go at least a

couple of times per year. That way, they can get tips and tools to either get viable remedies for the

problems they are having or to make their marriage even stronger. Marriage counselling is proven

to improve physical and emotional intimacy, increase communication and establish an overall

better connection between spouses which enables you to find solutions to divorce.

Here are Two Simple Suggestions that will bring joy into your Relationship:

1. Play With Each Other Like Children:

Have water gun fights in the summer and snowball fights in the winter.

2. Surprise Your Partner:

Plan a picnic in your living room, bedroom or backyard.

CASES OF DIVORCE
DIVORCE CASE 1

Divorce is very common in Pakistan and all over the world. Today there are many cases of divorce

in every tenth house in Pakistan. This incident is from Karachi. This incident is of cousin marriage.

In the beginning of the marriage, everything was fine, but after a few months of marriage, the wife

started doubting on her husband because of his flirty behavior and the divorce took place due to

the suspicion on the husband. She always complains to her husband that he is involved in affairs

with other women. During these suspicion first child was born, but her husband’s habits of being

involving with other woman is not changed and because of this his wife’s habit of doubting did

not decrease, and day by day her suspicion increased and there were fights between the husbands

and wives, then the wife went to her home. Then after some time the husband came to celebrate

and took the wife to his home. Then everything went well for a few months and the second child

was born. But the husband kept repeating the same actions like talking to other girls. And then

again the wife started doubting and she started doubting more than before. The children grew up.

And everyone told the wife to stop doubting and stay together. But due to all these actions of the

husband, the suspicion of the wife increased and then the fights also increased and one day they

got divorced and custody of their children took by their mother.

Causes of Divorce:

1. Husband talking to other girls in the presence of wife.

2. Suspicious nature of wife.

3. The wife always suspected her husband even if the husband had not done any thing.
Consequences of Divorce:

1. The children faced separation from the father.

2. Children lose their father’s love and affection.

3. The relationship between two houses was broken.

4. After divorce both husband and wife faces decreased levels of happiness, change in

economic status, and emotional problems.

5. Children faces feelings of loss, anger and academically, kids face a higher dropout rate.

6. Children of divorce are more likely to experience for poverty, educational failure, early

and risky sexual activity, deep fear of abundant, sense of loss of control, and lower self-

esteem.
DIVORCE CASE 2

As Hyderabad known as the city of majorly middle class and non-financially fit families, out of

numbers of divorce cases the most highlighted one was a boy belongs to a family from Hyderabad

Kotri Behar Colony; that boy get involved with a girl belongs to Karachi defence area. It was a

love marriage as girl associate from elite class but due to less attention from family get involved

with Hyderabad's boy who is not financially suitable. After passing 4 happy months of marriage

when they both expect their first baby and get into practical life their love change from love to

desires. As the girl was habitual of wearing branded clothes, surround with open mind people and

classy taste her husband wasn't able to fulfill all her desires and doesn't even that much financially

stable to complete her basic requirements. There was large space and difference between both

families life style as well the girl was not ready to left lifestyle and adjust with in laws. The girl

demand for better job and all alone apartment where she follow her own life style but the boy

wasn't move as he is the only son of his parents.

The arguments gradually increased day by day the girl involve her family as well in her personal

issues as her family financially supported her they treat the other one unethically. After deliver a

baby boy the girl file a divorce against her husband the boy intentionally doesn't want these

circumstances as he try very hard to fulfill all her wife's demand and make her happy but

unfortunately the girl filled the space between two with desires instead of Love. They got separated

through court and custody of baby boy took by her mother.

Causes of Divorce:

 Life style difference

 Both belongs to different class of families

 Blind Love which doesn't work practically

 Family involvement in private matters

 No sharing in responsibilities (All major burden on boy)

Consequences of Divorce:

 Boy was depressed,

 Because of nonsupport from her own wife the boy doesn't work effectively,

 The baby boy lost his father's love and affection,

 The girl may fulfill all her desires from money but she lost the value of true relation,

 The boy entire family missed the happiness and shade of boy,

 Society pressurized the families by negative comments.

DIVORCE CASE 3

Case of Marvi Syed (February 2021)

1. Marvi syed is the elder sister of two brothers and 2 sisters.

2. Her mother was died when she was just 6yr old. And father died when she was 11.

3. After the death of her Parents, Marvi did not get any attention from her family and Marvi

became self-absorbed and gave up her studies.

4. Marvi’s family suffer financial issues, so the responsibility of Marvi's family was taken

over by her grandfather and uncle.

5. Her grandfather wanted to fulfill his duty in his lifetime, that's why on 23 September 2018,

he hastily married Marvi at the age of 17 to his distant relative who was 19 years older than

Marvi.

6. A few months after the marriage, Marvi complained about her husband that Faraz drinks

and beats her and the behavior of the in-laws is also not good, but Marvi's grandfather,

uncle and brothers talked to each other and sent Marvi back to her in-laws.

7. After a year of marriage, Marvi had a daughter. After some time Marvi once again

complained to her grandfather that Faraz had divorced her in a drunken state and now she
 also wants a legal divorce. On which Marvi's uncle, grandfather and in-laws got very angry

and resolved the matter by saying that we are Syed, here women do not demand divorce.

8. But Faraz's behavior was still unbearable and now he was oppressing not only his wife but

also his daughter.

9. After 3 painful years, Marvi's husband Faraz beat his wife in a drunken state and tried to

kill her daughter.

10. On November 2020, Faraz beat his wife and daughter a lot in a state of intoxication, then

forcibly took Marvi and daughter outside on the road, asking them to take her for a walk,

and tried to kill her by pushing her on the road and gathered the public and verbally

assaulted her divorced.

11. Marvi reached the small town of Sindh (Dadu) alone with her daughter at night and then

with the help of her family, she filed a case of khula in the court and after a lot of struggle,

Marvi got a legal divorce in February 2021.

DIVORCE CASE 4

Name: NIMRA KHAN

Born: 26 June 1991 (Age 31); Karachi, Pakistan

Profession: ACTRESS

Citizenship: Pakistani

Spouse: Divorced

Case of Nimra Khan:

She got married on 19 April 2020 in Karachi and her husband was a police officer in London. But

it’s rumoured that they parted their ways however Nimra Khan didn’t mention publicly about their

marriage status. Her husband announced in August 2021 that they were divorced

Causes of Divorce:

Divorced has gone viral on YouTube. He states on the live clip that he may be heard saying, "We

are divorced." And in a rather derogatory manner, he goes on to announce that he "got rid of her"

because"she was a headache." "I am old enough, I got rid of her, she was a headache, she was a

proper headache," Azam can be seen smoking in this video, which has also led netizens to inquire

if he was drunk too, given his mannerism Lately, actress Nausheen Shah taking to her Instagram

account reacted to Nimra Khan's ex-husband's latest statement. Nausheen Shah mentioned in her

story that Nimra Khan's ex-husband was abusive, impulsive, disrespectful, and has a drinking

problem."Nimra Khan has gone through a lot in her life and tried her level best to make her

marriage work. I'm glad she took a stand for herself. Her marriage was extremely toxic”.
DIVORCE CASE 5

Victim's Name: Masooma Sara Khan

Oppressors: Father, Mother, Husband and Brother in Law.

City: Peshawar

Date: 02-03-2022

Case Status: Still in Pending

Masooma Sara khan, a girl from Peshawar was sold by her parents in $250 to a boy to get her

married. Her marriage came into an unsuccessful end after 11 years. According to her statement

“My marriage was neither arranged, nor a love marriage, I was sold to my husband like a toy,

every woman dreams about her wedding ceremony but mine just came in passing”.

She finally filed for divorce last year, after 11 years of marriage - because, she said, her husband's

older brother sexually harassed her. “How can I live in the same house with him again? I'm worried

about my honor”, She said.

Although the case is still in pending, her life has become very difficult. “My parents didn't want

me in their house when I left my husband. I tried to rent a house but nobody wants to rent a house

to a woman who lives alone”, Masooma Khan said. “Now I live with a friend and her family, but

there are so many restrictions there”. It's made bringing up her two children difficult.

In conservative Pashtun society, it's unacceptable for women to ask for a divorce - while men have

a much less difficult time if they choose to file for one.

Consequences of Divorce:

 After divorce, the couple often experience effects including, decreased level of happiness,

change in economic status, and emotional problems.

 Life after divorce is filed with overwhelming emotions. Many women fell a combination

of anger, fear, resentment and confusion.

DIVORCE CASE 6

A Case of divorce which shows how divorce impacts the Child's whole life.

Victim Name: Rubina Umrani

Victim’s Age: 46 Years

Cause of Divorce: She was not homely

Year of Divorce: 2020

Description of Case:

Rubina Umrani, a 46-year-old woman, has gone through three divorces. I'll talk about her most

recent divorce, which her third husband granted since she wasn't hygienic and didn't regularly

clean the house. Her daughter was born. After the divorce, her brother rented the house and

provided funds for the grocery. She spent the entire sum on hotel cuisine. Her daughter struggles

due to a lack of clean surroundings and wholesome nourishment. Rubina takes her third divorce,

traumatizing which affected her daughter the most. Her daughter experienced severe physical

effects. Her daughter is suffering from malnutrition. As a result of the neurological abnormality,

she cannot walk properly.

DIVORCE CASE 7

Women Seeking Divorce Allowed to Live With Parents (Published in Dawn 7th January,

2022).

KARACHI: The Sindh High Court on Thursday allowed a woman to go with her parents after she

informed a two-judge bench that her marriage had taken place without her consent and that she

was seeking a divorce.

The bench headed by Justice Mohammad Iqbal Kalhoro directed her parents to furnish a surety

bond to keep her secure and well, and also asked the SHO concerned to depute a policewoman to

visit her house every third day to ascertain her well-being.

Petitioner Ms. Aneela had submitted in court that her husband, Zubair Ahmed, had contracted a

forced marriage with her in June 2021 at her native village in Naushahro Feroze district but

Rukhsati had not taken place and, as such, she had been residing with her parents.

In November, she left her parental house and came to Karachi and lived with her relatives in

Gulshan-i-Iqbal as her parents were trying to arrange for Rukhsati but she was not ready to go to

her husband, the petitioner stated.

Thereafter, she said, Mr. Ahmed got a case registered at the Kandiaro police station in Naushahro

Feroze against two persons accusing them of having abducted her. She stated that the allegation

was false and fabricated as she had not been abducted.

The petitioner stated that she had already filed a suit in a family court in Karachi for the dissolution

of the marriage by way of Khula.

She submitted that the police and Mr. Ahmed were harassing her. She also stated that they were

subjecting the nominated persons and their families to pressure and threats. She pleaded to quash

the FIR and provide protection to her and her family members.

The bench was informed that the investigation officer (IO) of the case had recorded statement of

the petitioner and she met her parents and husband on the premises of the high court.

However, the bench said that regarding her current whereabouts, she had not been able to give any

satisfactory reply, yet, she agreed to live with her parents and at the same time requested protection.

Her parents also undertook not to cause any harm to her. It directed the SHO to depute a

policewoman to visit her house every third day and talk to her on the phone every day till her suit

for the dissolution of marriage was decided and she would being a position to decide about her

future life. Disposing of the petition, the bench directed the IO to submit a report to dispose of the

case under C (cancellation) class.

Published in Dawn, January 7th, 2022.

Reference:

 https://www.dawn.com/news/1668002
DIVORCE CASE 8

Women Seeking Divorce Killed (Published 14 May, 2010).

LARKANA, May 13: A woman who sought divorce a week ago was killed by her relatives on

Wednesday in Baitulmal Colony, on the outskirts of Larkana.

Saira Mangi of 20 was married to Imtiaz Ali Mangi two years ago in Lahori mohalla and remained

issueless.

Family members developed differences and she sought divorce, said Niaz Mangi, brother of the

victim.

Published in Dawn May 14, 2010

Reference:

 https://www.dawn.com/news/887288/woman-seeking-divorce-killed
DIVORCE CASE 9

Women Seeking Divorce humiliated in Public (Published in Dawn, December 21, 2021).

UMERKOT: A woman was attacked by her husband and seven of his accomplices, who pulled

her hair and dragged her on road when she was returning from a local court before police came to

her rescue on Monday.

Tejhan Bheel, 40, told reporters that she had moved the civil court to seek dissolution of marriage

with Herchand Bheel, resident of Vehro Sharif, as she could no more tolerate domestic violence.

Today, she was attacked by eight persons, including her spouse, when she was returning home

after attending hearing of the case. They dragged her on the road by pulling by the hair and

humiliated her before people, she said.

She said that they were trying to kidnap her but fled when she raised hue and cry, which brought

police to her rescue. Police, however, managed to arrest one of the attackers identified as Hemo

Bheel.

Published in Dawn December 21, 2021

Reference:

 https://www.dawn.com/news/1664952
DIVORCE CASE 10

Women Seeking Divorce Murdered by Husband (Published May 29, 2018).

KARACHI: A mother of two children seeking Khula (divorce) was allegedly murdered by her

husband in Shah Latif Town on Monday, police said.

They added that the suspect, Mohammad Raheel, 35, stabbed his wife, Aneesa, 28, to death inside

their home in the Khuldabad area off the National Highway. The victim was mother of a son and

a daughter.

The police arrested the suspect with a knife. He was also injured in the incident.

Area SHO Abdul Ghaffar Shah said that they married in 2010 in Shikarpur district. In 2016, the

woman approached the court for Khula over some domestic issue, but the elders of the couple

persuaded them to reconcile in 2017.

But a dispute between the couple over domestic affairs continued and a month ago the woman

again app-roached the court for Khula.

Published in Dawn, May 29th, 2018

Reference:

 https://www.dawn.com/news/1410569
DIVORCE CASE 11

Manshehra Man Kills Wife For Demanding Divorce at Jirga (Published November 1st, 2021).

MANSEHRA: A man killed his wife after she demanded divorce from him at a jirga held in Munda

Chucha area of Siren valley, police said here on Sunday.

“We have arrested a man after he killed his wife who wanted to marry with another man after

getting divorce from him,” SHO Shinkiari Mohammad Yasir told reporters.

“As the couple were cousins their families’ elders called an internal jirga to settle the issue, but the

woman, mother of one, again raised the demand at the jirga, which forced her husband to fire at

her. She died on the spot,” Mr. Yasir said.

He said the police arrested the accused.

The SHO said the body was handed over to family on completion of medico-legal formalities at

the Shinkiari Civil Hospital.

In another incident, a four-year-old boy, Shahzain, was killed and his grandmother injured when

assailants opened fire on them in Matsarian area on Sunday.

The victims were on way home after attending a marriage function.

The locals shifted them to Pulrah Civil Hospital, where the boy succumbed to injuries. The woman

was later referred to Ayub Medical Complex Hospital, Abbottabad.

Published in Dawn, November 1st , 2021.

Reference: https://www.dawn.com/news/1655236
DIVORCE CASE 12

Women Kills Husband for Refusing to Divorce her (Published in Dawn, February 21, 2022).

VEHARI: A woman allegedly shot her husband dead in connivance with her young daughter for

refusing to divorce her at Chak 44/ WB, in Thingi police limits, some 25km from here on Sunday.

As per the police, Kulsoom Bibi (35), wife of a labourer, Muhammad Hussain (40), had a clash

with her husband a couple of days back.

On Sunday, when Hussain was at his home, Kulsoom opened fire on him with his pistol, leaving

him dead on the spot and fled away, the police said.

Thingi Station House Officer (SHO) Ashraf Gill said quoting relatives of the deceased that

Kulsoom wanted to get divorce from her husband who had been refusing to do so and she planned

his murder with the help of her daughter Shumayla (18).

The SHO said the police arrested the suspect and her daughter after registering a case against them

under section 302 of the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC) on the complaint of Muhammad Yar, a cousin

of the deceased, and started investigations.

The body of Hussain was handed over to his family after an autopsy conducted at the district

headquarters hospital.

Published in Dawn, February 21st, 2022

Reference:

 https://www.dawn.com/news/1676140
DIVORCE CASE 13

Lahore Divorce Cases (2019):

The number of divorces reported in Lahore has increased in recent years. Official record shows a

marked increase in divorces in all tehsils of the provincial capital since 2019. According to research

report, a notable increase in the divorce rate was witnessed from January 1, 2019, to February 28

this year due to covid-19 and other problems.

As many as 24,157 cases of divorce were reported in the city during the period, of which 13, 540

men divorced their wives and 9, 827 women approached courts in order to part ways with their

husbands.

Major reasons for separation between couples include social and emotional issues along with

external interferences.

Women demanding separation from their husbands mostly cite lack of education, economic and

social problems and disputes with their mother-in-law as reasons.

Most of women seeking dissolution of marriage also accused their husbands of violence, drug

addiction and lack of loyalty.

Child marriages were also causing an increase in the ratio of divorce.

Not allowing women to pursue a career or forcing them to do excessive work at home also results

in the separation of many couples.

Reference:

 https://tribune.com.pk/story/2374037/lahore-sees-uptick-in-divorce-cases
RESEARCH SURVEY 1

Love Hurts as 500 Divorce Cases Filed in 10 Days in Lahore Courts.

As many as 500 divorce cases had been filed in the civil family courts of Lahore during the last 10

days by the women the majority of whom had earlier married the men of their choice but now want

to get rid of them over rising domestic disputes due to unemployment pf their husband.

It has been learnt that the woman, who against the will of their parents married the men of their

choice In the name of so called love have reportedly started leaving their husbands

In their divorce petitions the women Stated that they had married as per their will, ignoring the

advice of their parents but they regretted later.

“The husband is unemployed He doesn’t get a job. If I ask for household expenses he resorts to

violence. In laws kept me as a maid “maintained most of the women in their divorce petitions.

The duty judges issued notice to the husbands to appear before the courts on September one after

court vacations.

Reference:

 https://thefrontierpost.com/love-hurts-as-500-divorce-cases-filed-in-10-days-in-

lahorecourts/#:~:text=LAHOR%3A%20As%20many%20as%20500,to%20unemploymen

t%20of%20their%20husbands.
RESEARCH SURVEY 2

Cases of Women Seeking Khula Jumped by Over 700pc in 2020.

According to a report recently published in this paper, 722pc more women from all over Sindh

moved court seeking separation from their husbands in 2020 compared to the previous year. In

2019, a total of 632 family suits were filed in family courts. However, in 2020 — a year of

pandemic-induced lockdowns and layoffs — this number rose to 5,198 cases, out of which 4,050

were from Karachi. The steep increase reflects how the many problems women face on the

domestic front in our patriarchal society were compounded by circumstances arising from the

pandemic. In fact, 2020 was a particularly difficult year for women around the world, as cases of

domestic violence rose sharply in the wake of economic and social adversity triggered by Covid-

19 lockdowns in a number of countries, including in the West. In the US, for instance, distress

calls by women increased by as much as 30pc during the initial lockdowns. Given that Pakistan

was ranked the sixth most dangerous country in the world for women in a 2018 survey, the indirect

effect of lockdowns would undoubtedly be felt far more acutely by Pakistani women, who are

already marginalized and prevented from making autonomous choices about their health, safety

and personal lives. According to rights groups, women from low-income households who are part

of the informal workforce were most affected by domestic violence. It is unfortunate, then, that

while the wellbeing of families is discussed in connection with economic hardship and mental

health during the pandemic, the emotional, physical and economical plight of women is seldom

taken into account. It is imperative that the authorities demonstrate commitment to upholding laws

such as the Sindh Domestic Violence Act, 2013, and the Punjab Protection of Women Against

Violence Act, 2016, and ensuring that all women have access to shelter and rehabilitative services

should they seek support. Several crisis helplines were launched last year; these initiatives can
only be effective if the legal aid they provide is synergized with the government’s own criminal

justice system.

Reference:

 https://www.dawn.com/news/1600179
RESEARCH SURVEY 3

Survey Says Divorce Rate Hits All-Time High in Pakistan (2019-2020):

According to a 2019 survey carried out by Gallup and Gilani Pakistan. The survey says, 58% of

Pakistanis believe that divorce rates in Pakistan have increased in the country. 2 out of every 5

Pakistanis believe that the in-laws are responsible for most of these cases.

Covid-19 pandemic is also to be blamed among the reasons for the rising divorce cases in Pakistan,

especially in 2020 and 2021.

Forced marriages are another main factor apart from many others that has added to the reasons

why the divorce rate is increasing in Pakistan.

According to police reports, in the first quarter of 2020 alone, 3,800 divorce cases were filled in

Karachi. More recently, between January to November 2021, the district Judiciary of Rawalpindi

reported 10, 312 cases cornering divorce, khula, guardianship and maintenance.

Criminal and family lawyer Advocate Hamid Rashid Gondal reveals that divorce cases in the rural

regions of Pakistan have especially escalated. He says the higher incidence of divorce cases is

mainly because forced marriages in the pressure of so-called ‘family honor’ and the Covid-19

pandemic has caused such marriages to fall apart at increased rates.

References:

 https://dailytimes.com.pk/849318/survey-says-divorce-rate-hits-all-time-high-in-

pakistan/amp/

 https://www-thenews-com-

pk.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.thenews.com.pk/amp/913017-why-could-divorce-cases-

be-increasing-in-

pakistan?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQKKAFQArABIIACAw%3D%3D

#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16651230935443&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Ffanyv88.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fww

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