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    Class Examples 7, Open Channel

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    sinikiwe2004
    This document contains examples and questions related to open channel flow and hydraulics. It includes calculations of normal depth, velocity, critical depth and other hydraulic parameters for channels of different cross-sections carrying various discharges. Questions involve the determination of flow rates, depths, velocities, energy levels and flow classification in pipes and channels.

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    Class Examples 7, Open Channel

    Uploaded by

    sinikiwe2004
    7 views4 pages
    This document contains examples and questions related to open channel flow and hydraulics. It includes calculations of normal depth, velocity, critical depth and other hydraulic parameters for channels of different cross-sections carrying various discharges. Questions involve the determination of flow rates, depths, velocities, energy levels and flow classification in pipes and channels.

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    This document contains examples and questions related to open channel flow and hydraulics. It includes calculations of normal depth, velocity, critical depth and other hydraulic parameters for channels of different cross-sections carrying various discharges. Questions involve the determination of flow rates, depths, velocities, energy levels and flow classification in pipes and channels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views4 pages

    Class Examples 7, Open Channel

    Uploaded by

    sinikiwe2004
    This document contains examples and questions related to open channel flow and hydraulics. It includes calculations of normal depth, velocity, critical depth and other hydraulic parameters for channels of different cross-sections carrying various discharges. Questions involve the determination of flow rates, depths, velocities, energy levels and flow classification in pipes and channels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    School of Civil Engineering & the Built Environment

    Department of Civil Engineering Technology


    Doornfontein Campus

    HYDRAULICS 2A
    (HYDCIA2)

    CLASS EXAMPLES 7:
    OPEN CHANNEL FLOW
    (May 2024)

    QUESTION 1

    An irrigation channel in the form of a trapezoidal shape (Fig. 1.1) below is constructed and lined
    with concrete. The channel is laid on a longitudinal bed slope that falls 1.0 m per 1km of length.
    If the channel is designed to carry a discharge of 954.0 m3/min, calculate the following:

    a) Normal depth of the channel. [1.225 m]


    b) Velocity in the channel. [2.18 m/s]
    c) Critical depth. [0.95 m]

    2
    2
    1
    1

    Fig. 1.1

    Property of Civil Engineering Technology Prepared by Dr G.K. Nkhonjera


    QUESTION 2

    On a particular flood protection dam, a rectangular channel 12.5 m wide forms part of that dam’s
    spillway. The discharge over this spillway is 38.2 m3/s. At the foot of the spillway, the channel is
    almost horizontal forming a hydraulic jump as a result of the sudden change in slope. If, after the
    jump, the depth of water is found to be 2.05 m, compute the following:

    a) The water depth before the hydraulic jump occurred. [0.38 m]


    b) Height of the hydraulic jump. [1.67 m]
    c) Length of the jump. [11.89 m]
    d) The energy loss at the jump. [1.49 m]
    e) Critical velocity. [3.13 m/s]

    QUESTION 3

    Fig. 3.2 shows a rectangular channel that is used to carry a volume of 330 m3 of water every
    minute from one process tank to another within a wastewater treatment works. With this flow, the
    channel flows with a depth of (y = 0.5 m) over a channel width of (b = 2.0 m). For the channel
    lined with unfinished concrete (n = 0.017), complete the following design tasks:

    a) Calculate the critical depth. [0.92m]


    b) Calculate the minimum specific energy in the channel. [1.38m]
    c) State whether the flow in the channel is critical, subcritical or supercritical. [Tell me]
    d) For the flow depth, y = 0.50 m, determine the specific energy and the alternate depth for
    this energy. [2.04m; 1.53m]
    e) Determine the Froude number for each depth in (d). [2.48; 0.46]

    Fig. 3.2

    Property of Civil Engineering Technology Prepared by Dr G.K. Nkhonjera


    QUESTION 4

    4.1 A trapezoidal channel with a bed width of 12.5 m is constructed to transport a 24.6 m3/s
    flow of water to a nearby commercial farm. The side slopes on both banks of the
    channel is 1:1. For a critical flow condition in this channel, compute the following:

    a) Actual flow depth. [0.719 m]


    b) Hydraulic depth for the critical condition. [0.682 m]
    c) Critical velocity. [2.589 m/s]

    4.2 Water flows in a rectangular irrigation channel 4.0 m wide at a depth of 1.7 m. For a
    discharge of 15.0 m3/s,

    a) Determine whether the flow is subcritical, critical or supercritical. [Tell me!]


    b) Calculate the alternate depth of flow that could occur in the channel at the same
    discharge. [ y1 = 0.703m ]
    c) Determine the critical slope of the channel assuming that it is lined with concrete
    (n = 0.012). [ S = 0.0025 ]

    QUESTION 5

    A sewer pipe of diameter, d0 = 1200 mm, and made of concrete (n = 0.013), is designed to flow
    both full and partially full depending on the quantity of flow flowing at a time. However, when
    the sewer is flowing full, the velocity in the pipe is 2.56 m/s. With all other information as shown
    in Fig. 5.3 below, answer the following questions:

    a) Determine the flow rate when the pipe is flowing full. [2.90 m3/s]
    b) Assuming that the pipe is laid on a slope of 0.0062, calculate the flow depth when the pipe is
    discharging 2.15 m3/s. [0.74 m]
    c) For the condition in (b),
    (i) Calculate the critical depth in the pipe. [0.84 m]
    (ii) Determine whether the flow is supercritical or subcritical. [Tell me]

    Property of Civil Engineering Technology Prepared by Dr G.K. Nkhonjera


    Sewer pipe

    Wastewater

    Fig. 5.3

    QUESTION 6

    Textbook, Q14.8, Q14.9, Q14.14,


    [R8 = 0.284 m; R9 = 0.91 m; Q14a = 0.83 m3/s, Q14b = 37.97 m3/s]

    QUESTION 7

    Textbook, Q14.15
    [Qr = 3.632 m3/s, Qf = 4.445 m3/s]

    QUESTION 8

    Textbook, Q14.19
    [Q = 15.892 m3/s, NF = 0.629, yc = 1.013 m]

    QUESTION 9

    Textbook, Q14.42 (All units in SI)

    a) [0.039 m]; b) [0.058 m]; c) [Show me]; d) [E = 0.15 m, y2 = 0.148 m]; e) [V1 = 1.626 m/s,
    NF1 = 4.267 and V2 = 0.149 m/s, NF2 = 0.123]; f) [S1 = 0.125, S2 = 6.46 x 10-5]

    ALL THE BEST TO YOU ALL!!!

    Property of Civil Engineering Technology Prepared by Dr G.K. Nkhonjera

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