Scribd
Upload
30 views4 pages

Binary Numbers Representation

The document discusses different ways to represent binary numbers, including unsigned, signed, sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement representations. Unsigned numbers only contain magnitude and are always positive. Signed numbers contain both sign and magnitude, with the most significant bit used as the sign bit. The document provides examples of representing positive and negative numbers in sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement forms.

Uploaded by

roykousik2020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
30 views4 pages

Binary Numbers Representation

The document discusses different ways to represent binary numbers, including unsigned, signed, sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement representations. Unsigned numbers only contain magnitude and are always positive. Signed numbers contain both sign and magnitude, with the most significant bit used as the sign bit. The document provides examples of representing positive and negative numbers in sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement forms.

Uploaded by

roykousik2020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Binary Numbers Representation

We can make the binary numbers into the following two groups − Unsigned numbers and Signed
numbers.

Unsigned Numbers

Unsigned numbers contain only magnitude of the number. They don’t have any sign. That means
all unsigned binary numbers are positive. As in decimal number system, the placing of positive
sign in front of the number is optional for representing positive numbers. Therefore, all positive
numbers including zero can be treated as unsigned numbers if positive sign is not assigned in
front of the number.

Signed Numbers

Signed numbers contain both sign and magnitude of the number. Generally, the sign is placed in
front of number. So, we have to consider the positive sign for positive numbers and negative sign
for negative numbers. Therefore, all numbers can be treated as signed numbers if the
corresponding sign is assigned in front of the number.

If sign bit is zero, which indicates the binary number is positive. Similarly, if sign bit is one, which
indicates the binary number is negative.

Representation of Un-Signed Binary Numbers


The bits present in the un-signed binary number holds the magnitude of a number. That means, if
the un-signed binary number contains ‘N’ bits, then all N bits represent the magnitude of the
number, since it doesn’t have any sign bit.

Example

Consider the decimal number 108. The binary equivalent of this number is 1101100. This is the
representation of unsigned binary number.

108 10 = 11011002

It is having 7 bits. These 7 bits represent the magnitude of the number 108.

Representation of Signed Binary Numbers


The Most Significant Bit M SB of signed binary numbers is used to indicate the sign of the
numbers. Hence, it is also called as sign bit. The positive sign is represented by placing ‘0’ in the
sign bit. Similarly, the negative sign is represented by placing ‘1’ in the sign bit.

If the signed binary number contains ‘N’ bits, then N − 1 bits only represent the magnitude of
the number since one bit M SB is reserved for representing sign of the number.

There are three types of representations for signed binary numbers

Sign-Magnitude form
1’s complement form

2’s complement form

Representation of a positive number in all these 3 forms is same. But, only the representation of
negative number will differ in each form.

Example

Consider the positive decimal number +108. The binary equivalent of magnitude of this number
is 1101100. These 7 bits represent the magnitude of the number 108. Since it is positive number,
consider the sign bit as zero, which is placed on left most side of magnitude.

+108 10 = 011011002

Therefore, the signed binary representation of positive decimal number +108 is 𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟎. So, the
same representation is valid in sign-magnitude form, 1’s complement form and 2’s complement
form for positive decimal number +108.

Sign-Magnitude form

In sign-magnitude form, the MSB is used for representing sign of the number and the remaining
bits represent the magnitude of the number. So, just include sign bit at the left most side of
unsigned binary number. This representation is similar to the signed decimal numbers
representation.

Example

Consider the negative decimal number -108. The magnitude of this number is 108. We know the
unsigned binary representation of 108 is 1101100. It is having 7 bits. All these bits represent the
magnitude.

Since the given number is negative, consider the sign bit as one, which is placed on left most side
of magnitude.
−108 10 = 111011002

Therefore, the sign-magnitude representation of -108 is 11101100.

1’s complement form

The 1’s complement of a number is obtained by complementing all the bits of signed binary
number. So, 1’s complement of positive number gives a negative number. Similarly, 1’s
complement of negative number gives a positive number.

That means, if you perform two times 1’s complement of a binary number including sign bit, then
you will get the original signed binary number.

Example

Consider the negative decimal number -108. The magnitude of this number is 108. We know the
signed binary representation of 108 is 01101100.

It is having 8 bits. The MSB of this number is zero, which indicates positive number. Complement
of zero is one and vice-versa. So, replace zeros by ones and ones by zeros in order to get the
negative number.

−108 10 = 100100112

Therefore, the 1’s complement of 10810 is 100100112.

2’s complement form

The 2’s complement of a binary number is obtained by adding one to the 1’s complement of
signed binary number. So, 2’s complement of positive number gives a negative number. Similarly,
2’s complement of negative number gives a positive number.

That means, if you perform two times 2’s complement of a binary number including sign bit, then
you will get the original signed binary number.

Example

Consider the negative decimal number -108.

We know the 1’s complement of (108)10 is (10010011)2

2’s compliment of 10810 = 1’s compliment of 10810 + 1.

= 10010011 + 1

= 10010100
Therefore, the 2’s complement of 10810 is 100101002.

You might also like