Unit 1
Unit 1
1/18/2022
by
Mr. Ajay Kumar Badhan
Assistant Professor
M.TECH[CST], B.TECH [CSE]
Email: [email protected]
Personal Blog: https://ajaykumarbadhan.wordpress.com/
Virtualization Technology
Types of Virtualization
Concepts of VLAN
Concepts of SLAN
Concepts of VSAN
OS Assisted
Hardware Assisted
Parameters Full Virtualization Virtualization/Paravirtualizat
Virtualization
Virtualization ion
ion
Binary
Binary Translation
Translation && Exit
Exittoto Root Mode
Root Mode on on
Technique
Technique Hypercalls
Hypercalls
Direct Execution privileged instructions
Direct Execution privileged instructions
Guest Guest OS codified to issue
Unmodified Guest OS Unmodified Guest OS Guest OSso codified to Native
issue
Modification/Co Hypercalls it can’t run on
Guest Unmodified Guest
Excellent Compatibility Excellent Compatibility
mpatibility Unmodified Guest OS Hardware or
Hypercalls soother Hypervisor
it can’t run on
Modification/C OS Excellent
Performance Good Excellent Compatibility
Fair NativeBetter
Hardware or other
in Certain Cases
ompatibility Compatibility
Hypervisor
VMware, Microsoft, VMware, Microsoft,
Used by VMware, Xen
Performance Good
Parallels Fair Xen
Parallels, Better in Certain Cases
Guest OS Xen Linux runs only in Xen
VMware, Microsoft, VMware, Microsoft,
Hypervisor
Used by Yes Yes Hypervisor
VMware, Xen
Independent? Parallels Parallels, Xen VMI-Linux is Hypervisor agnostic
The storage virtualization software aggregates and manages storage in various storage arrays and
serves it to applications whenever needed.
The centralized virtual storage increases flexibility and availability of resources needed. This data
virtualization and centralization is easily manageable from a central console. It allows users to
manage and access multiple arrays as a single storage unit.
@Mr. Ajay Kumar Badhan
21 PART - I: VIRTUALIZATION
VIRTUALIZATION TYPES Conti…
Network Virtualization (NetV)
It helps to control the available bandwidth by splitting
it into independent channels that can be assigned to
specific resources.
Example: the simplest form of network virtualization
is the Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN), which
creates a logical segregation of a physical network.
Network virtualization helps network optimization for
data transfer rates, flexibility, reliability, security, and
scalability.
It improves the overall network’s productivity and
efficiency.
It becomes easier for administrators to allocate and
distribute resources conveniently and ensure high and
stable network performance.
6 Collision Domains
3 Broadcast Domains
It is observed that all the ports on a hub or a switch are in the same broadcast domain and all the ports
on the router are in a different broadcast domain.
@Mr. Ajay Kumar Badhan
35 PART - I: VIRTUALIZATION
CONCEPTS OF VLAN, VSAN, & VSAN
ISSUES
As the number of devices in the Broadcast Domain increases, the number of Broadcasts also increases and
the quality of the network will come down because of the following reasons:
Decrease in available Bandwidth: A large number of Broadcasts will reduce the available bandwidth
of network links for normal traffic because the broadcast traffic is forwarded to all the ports in a
switch.
Decrease in processing power of computers: Since the computers need to process all the broadcast
packets it receives, a portion of the computer CPU power is spent on processing the broadcast packets.
by
Mr. Ajay Kumar Badhan
Assistant Professor
M.TECH[CST], B.TECH [CSE]
Email: [email protected]
Personal Blog: https://ajaykumarbadhan.wordpress.com/
Parallel Computing
Distributed Systems
Each computer has a memory processing It shows the relationship of the software
unit and the computers are connected by a components that run on each of the computers and
communication network. use the local operating system and network
protocol stack for functioning.
The distributed software is also termed as “middleware”
A distributed execution is the execution of the process across the distributed system to
collaboratively achieve a common goal.
An execution is also termed as a “computation” or “run”
@Mr. Ajay Kumar Badhan
6 PART -II: PARALLEL & DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
RELATION TO COMPUTER SYSTEM COMPONENT
The distributed system is presented as:
Various primitives and calls to functions defined in various libraries of the middleware layer are
embedded in the user program code
Utility Computing
It is based on a pay-per-use model.
It offers computational resources on-
demand as a metered service.
Cloud computing, Grid computing and
managed IT services are based on the
concept of utility computing.