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Lect 07

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9 views17 pages

Lect 07

Uploaded by

Arnold
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Thought for the Day

No one travels so high as he who knows not


where he is going.
– Oliver Cromwell
Section 2
Advanced Data Structures
Vectors and Lists
Stacks and Queues
Trees and Graphs
Dictionaries and Hash Tables
Chapter 4: Vectors and Lists
• Objectives
– To consider simple lists of information

– To study the implementation of simple lists:


• using arrays
• using linked lists

– To see how polymorphism and generics can be


used with ADTs in Java
Lists
• Many problems involve the use of lists
– Lists of courses
– Lists of students
– Lists of marks
– Lists of guests
– Lists of groceries A list of lists!
Lists
• In this chapter we consider:

– A list of integers, using an array

– A list of integers, using a linked list


Values
– A generic list, using polymorphism

– A generic list, using Java generics


Operations on Lists
• Basic set of operations:
– Creating an empty list
– Adding an element
– Accessing an element
– Removing an element
– Finding an element
– Finding the number of elements
– Displaying all the elements
The IntegerVector Class
• Vector
– Technical/mathematical term for a list

• Class diagram (incomplete):


IntegerVector
data, numElements
add, get, set, position,
remove, length
The IntegerVector Class
public class IntegerVector
{ private int[] data;
private int numElements;
...
} // class IntegerVector

• Data members are all private


– A very common pattern for ADTs
– Data is accessed (and protected) by public
methods
IntegerVector: Constructors
public IntegerVector (int initSize)
{ if (initSize <= 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(…);
numElements = 0;
data = new int[initSize];
} // constructor

public IntegerVector ()
{ this(100);
} // constructor
Default size

Call overloaded constructor


Client View: Creating Vectors
IntegerVector v1 = new IntegerVector();
IntegerVector v2 = new IntegerVector(20);
Adding Items to a Vector
public void add (int item)
// Place the new item at the end of an
// IntegerVector
{ if (numElements+1 > data.length)
throw new NoSpaceAvailableException(…);

data[numElements++] = item;
} // add

Equivalent to:
data[numElements] = item;
numElements = numElements + 1;
Adding Items (cont.)
• Adding items at an arbitrary position
public void add (int item, int pos)
{ ...
if (pos >= numElements) // Add at end
data[numElements++] = item; // As before
else
{ int k;
for (k = numElements-1; k >= pos; k--)
data[k+1] = data[k]; // Move elem’s
data[pos] = item; // Put item in place
numElements++;
}
} // add
Client View: Adding Elements
v1.add(3);
v1.add(-8);
v1.add(22, 1);
...
v2.add(39);
...

v1 3 22 -8

v2 39
Displaying Vectors
• We could write an “output” method

public void output ()


{ for (int k = 0; k < numElements; k++)
System.out.print(data[k] + " ");
System.out.println();
} // output

But this limits clients to using System.out


A Better Solution
• Override the toString method
public String toString ()
{ StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer("[");
int k;
for (k = 0; k < numElements; k++)
{ s.append(data[k]);
if (k < numElements-1)
s.append(", ");
}
s.append("]");
return s.toString();
} // toString
Client View: Displaying Vectors

System.out.println(”My vector = ” + v1);


...
System.out.println(v2);
...
textBox.setText(”v1 = ” + v1);

My vector = [3, 22, -8]


[39]

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