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Flanged Bolt Couplings and Spring

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JRovick M.
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189 views14 pages

Flanged Bolt Couplings and Spring

Uploaded by

JRovick M.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Flanged Bolt Couplings

In shaft connection called flanged bolt couplings, the


torque is transmitted by the shearing force P created in the bolts
that is assumed to be uniformly distributed. For any number of
bolts n, the torque capacity of the coupling is
Flanged Bolt Couplings
 Single Row of Bolts

 Two Concentric Row of Bolts


Flanged Bolt Couplings
For rigid flanges, the shear deformations in the bolts are proportional
to their radial distances from the shaft axis. The shearing strains are related by

Using Hooke’s law for shear, G = τ / γ, we have

If the bolts on the two circles have the same area, A1 = A2, and if the bolts
are made of the same material, G1 = G2, the relation between P1 and P2
reduces to
Problem No. 1
 A flanged bolt coupling consists of ten steel ½ -in.-
diameter bolts spaced evenly around a bolt circle
14 in. in diameter. Determine the torque capacity of
the coupling if the allowable shearing stress in the
bolts is 6000 psi.
Problem No. 2
 A flanged bolt coupling consists of eight 10-mmdiameter
steel bolts on a bolt circle 400 mm in diameter, and six
10-mmdiameter steel bolts on a concentric bolt circle 300
mm in diameter as shown. What torque can be applied
without exceeding a shearing stress of 60 MPa in the
bolts?
Helical Springs
The spring is composed of a wire or round rod of
diameter d wound into a helix of mean radius R. The helix angle
is small, so that any coil of the spring may be considered as lying
approximately in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spring.
Helical Springs
Maximum Shearing Stress, τ

This formula neglects the curvature of the spring. This is used


for light spring where the ratio d/4R is small.

For heavy springs and considering the curvature of the spring,


a more precise formula is given by:

Wahl’s Formula

where m is called the spring index and is equal to 2R/d or D/d


and (4m – 1) / (4m – 4) is the Wahl Factor.
Helical Springs
Spring Deflection/Elongation, δ

When the deformations caused by direct shear were


neglected, spring deflection may be computed by:
Helical Springs
Spring Constant, k

Notice that the deformation δ is directly proportional to the


applied load P. The ratio of P to δ is called the spring constant k
and is equal to:
Helical Springs
Spring Constant, k
SPRINGS IN SERIES
For two or more springs with spring laid in series, the
resulting spring constant k is given by:

….

SPRINGS IN PARALLEL

….
Problem No. 1
 Determine the maximum shearing stress and
elongation in a helical steel spring composed of 20
turns of 20-mm-diameter wire on a mean radius of
90 mm when the spring is supporting a load of 1.5
kN. Use Wahl’s Formula and G = 83 GPa.
Problem No. 2
 A helical spring is fabricated by wrapping wire ¾
in. in diameter around a forming cylinder 8 in. in
diameter. Compute the number of turns required to
permit an elongation of 4 in. without exceeding a
shearing stress of 18 ksi. Use the formula for light
spring and psi.
Problem No. 3
 Two steel springs arranged in series as shown supports a load P. The upper
spring has 12 turns of 25-mm diameter wire on a mean radius of 100 mm.
The lower spring consists of 10 turns of 20-mm diameter wire on a mean
radius of 75 mm. If the maximum shearing stress in either spring must not
exceed 200 MPa, compute the maximum value of P and the total
elongation of the assembly. Use Wahl’s Formula and G = 83 GPa.
Compute the equivalent spring constant by dividing the load by the total
elongation.
Problem No. 4
 A rigid bar, hinged at one end, is supported by two identical
springs as shown. Each spring consists of 20 turns of 10-mm
wire having a mean diameter of 150 mm. Compute the
maximum shearing stress in the springs, using the formula for
light springs. Neglect the mass of the rigid bar.

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