AS5040 8-bit Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder

AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145-I10(-I12) AS5040-AB-v2.0
Adapterboard
Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder
OPERATION MANUAL
1 General Description
The AS5x40/AS5x45 series are contactless magnetic rotary Furthermore, a user-programmable incremental output is
encoders for accurate angular measurement over a full turn available, making the chip suitable for replacement of various
of 360°. They are system-on-chip, combining integrated Hall optical encoders.
elements, analog front end and digital signal processing in a The AS5145 is also available as 10bit or 12bit pre-
single device. programmed version AS5145-I10(-I12).
To measure the angle, only a simple two-pole magnet, An internal voltage regulator allows the AS5x40/AS5x45 to
rotating over the center of the chip, is required. The magnet operate at either 3.3 V or 5 V supplies.
may be placed above or below the IC.
The absolute angle measurement provides instant indication
of the magnet’s angular position with a resolution of
0.35° = 1024 (AS5x40 – 10bit ) or 0.0879° = 4096 (AS5x45 –
12bit) positions per revolution. This digital data is available as
a serial bit stream and as a PWM signal.

2 The AS5040 Adapter board

2.1 Board description

The AS5040 adapter board is a simple circuit allowing test and evaluation of the AS5040/AS5045/AS5140/AS5145/AS5145-
I10/AS5145-I12 rotary encoder quickly without building a test fixture or PCB.
The PCB can be used as standalone unit or attached to a microcontroller. The standalone operation requires a 5V power supply
only; the magnet’s angle can be read on the PWM or analog output.

J1 connector
(Prg, power supply,
AS5x40/AS5x45 serial interface)
encoder
J2 connector
(PWM, incremental and
status outputs)

4 x 2.6mm mounting
holes

Figure 1: AS5040 Adapterboard

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2.2 Mounting the AS5040 adapter board

Bearing
M2~M2.5 Screw + nut
Casing

Rotating shaft and magnet holder

Not ferromagnetic (plastic, brass, copper, Spacer
stainless steel, aluminum…)

AS5040-AB PCB

Figure 2: AS5040 adapter board mounting and dimension

A diametric magnet must be placed over on under the AS5x40/AS5x45 encoder, and should be centered on the middle of the
package with a tolerance of 0.5mm.
The airgap between the magnet and the encoder casing should be maintained in the range 0.5mm~2mm.
The magnet holder must not be ferromagnetic. Materials as brass, copper, aluminum, stainless steel are the best choices to make
this part.

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3 AS5x40/AS5x45 and adapter board pinout

J2
MagINCn 1 16 VDD5V
MagDECn 2 15 VDD3V3
J1

A_LSB_U 3 14 NC
B_Dir_V 4 13 NC
NC 5 12 PWM_LSB
Index_W 6 11 CSn
VSS 7 10 CLK
Prog 8 9 DO

Figure 3: AS5040 adapter board connectors and encoder pinout

Pin# Pin# Symbol

Type Description
Board AS5040 Board

JP1 - 1 7 GND S Supply ground

JP1 - 2 9 DO DO_T Data Output of Synchronous Serial Interface
JP1 - 3 10 CLK DI_ST Clock Input of Synchronous Serial Interface; Schmitt-Trigger input
Chip Select, active low; Schmitt-Trigger input, internal pull-up resistor (~50kΩ) connect to VSS
JP1 - 4 11 CSn DI_PU_ST
in incremental mode
JP1 - 5 15 3V3 S 3V-Regulator Output
JP1 - 6 16 5V S 5V Supply
OTP Programming Input and Data Input for Daisy Chain mode. Internal pull-down resistor
JP1 - 7 8 Prg DI_PD (~74kΩ).
May be connected to VSS if programming is not used
JP2 - 1 7 GND S Supply ground
Magnet Field Magnitude INCrease; active low, indicates a distance reduction between the
JP2 - 2 1 MagINC DO_OD
magnet and the device surface.
Magnet Field Magnitude DECrease; active low, indicates a distance increase between the
JP2 - 3 2 MagDEC DO_OD
device and the magnet
AS5040 – AS5140 – AS5145 (programmed) only

JP2 - 4 3 A DO Mode1.x: Quadrature A channel

Mode2.x: Least Significant Bit
Mode3.x: U signal (phase1)
AS5040 – AS5140 – AS5145 (programmed) only

JP2 - 5 4 B DO Mode1.x: Quadrature B channel quarter period shift to channel A.

Mode2.x: Direction of Rotation
Mode3.x: V signal (phase2)
AS5040 – AS5140 – AS5145 (programmed) only
Mode1.x and Mode2.x : Index signal indicates the absolute zero position
Mode3.x: W signal (phase3)
JP2 - 6 6 Ind DO
AS5045 – AS5145 (unprogrammed)
Mode input, connect to VDD5 (Fast mode) or GND (Slow mode); do not change during
operation
JP2 - 7 12 PWM DO Pulse Width Modulation of approx. 1kHz; LSB in Mode3.x
Table 1: Pin description

Pin types: DO_OD digital output open drain S supply pin

DO digital output DI digital input
DI_PD digital input pull-down DO_T digital output / tri-state
DI_PU digital input pull-up ST Schmitt-Trigger input

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4 Operation use cases

4.1 Standalone SSI output mode 4.2 Standalone PWM output mode

Figure 4: Using the analog output with the adapter board Figure 5: Using the PWM output with the adapter board

The AS5040 provides a pulse width modulated output

The most complete and accurate solution for a MCU to (PWM), whose duty cycle is proportional to the measured
read the angle of a magnet is the serial interface. angle. The PWM signal (J2 pin #7) with a period of
The serial word contains 16 bits for AS5x40 or 18 bits for 1025us (1us step) and 5V pulse voltage can be
AS5x45 and consists of 10 bit (AS5x40) or 12 bit connected to the capture/timer input of a microcontroller
(AS5x45) angle value and some other indicator bits like in order to decode the angle value.
MagINC, MagDEC, which can be read at the same time.
Angle PW MIN

0 deg
(Pos 0)

1µs 102 5µs

PW M AX
359.65 deg
(Pos 1023)

102 4µ s

Figure 6: PWM duty cycle depending on magnet position

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4.3 Standalone incremental output

Figure 7: Using the Incremental output with the adapter board

Three different incremental output modes are possible with quadrature A/B being the default mode (two-channel quadrature,
step / direction incremental signal (LSB) and the direction bit in clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) direction.
The pre-programmed version AS5145-I10 provides a 10bit and AS5145-I12 a 12bit incremental output.

The AS5045 do not offer an incremental output (see chapter 6).

For further information, please refer to datasheet.

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Adapterboard Operation Manual

4.4 Daisy chain mode

Figure 8: Using Daisy-Chain mode with the adapter board

By using more than one adapter board, a setup in daisy chain mode is possible.
In this mode capacitor C3 (refer to Fig.10) must be disconnected when using the 1nF capacitor shown in Fig.8. or
directly replaced by this capacitor.

The serial data of all connected devices is read from the DO pin of the first device in the chain. The Prog pin of the last
device in the chain should be connected to VSS. The length of the serial bit stream increases with every connected device
(board) by n * (16+1) bits.
Due to R = 100R and C = 1nF, the CLK is limited the maximum 1MHz.

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5 Programming the AS5040

Figure 9: Programming the AS5040

After power-on, programming the AS5040 is enabled with the rising edge of CSn with Prog = high and CLK = low. 16 bit
configuration data must be serially shifted into the OTP register via the Prog-pin. The first “CCW” bit is followed by the zero
position data (MSB first / 10 bit for AS5x40 and 12 bit for AS5x45) and some mode settings (please refer to datasheet). Data
must be valid at the rising edge of CLK.

After writing data into the OTP register it can be permanently programmed by rising the Prog pin to the programming voltage
VPROG of 7.3-7.5V. 16 CLK pulses must be applied to program the fuses.
For exiting the programming mode, the chip must be reset by a power-on-reset. The programmed data is available after the
next power-up.

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6 AS5040 Differences to AS5045

Building Block AS5045 AS5040
Resolution 12bits, 0.088°/step. 10bit, 0.35°/step
Data length read: 18bits read: 16bits
(12bits data + 6 bits status) (10bits data + 6 bits status)
OTP write: 18 bits OTP write: 16 bits
(12bits zero position + 6 bits mode selection) (10bits zero position + 6 bits mode
selection)
incremental encoder Not used quadrature, step/direction and BLDC
Pin 3: not used motor commutation modes
Pin 4:not used Pin 3:incremental output A_LSB_U
Pin 4:incremental output B_DIR_V
Pins 1 and 2 MagINCn, MagDECn: same feature as AS5040, MagINCn, MagDECn indicate in-range or
additional OTP option for red-yellow-green out-of-range magnetic field plus
magnetic range movement of magnet in z-axis
Pin 6 MODE pin, switch between fast and slow mode Pin 6:Index output
Pin 12 PWM output: frequency selectable by OTP: PWM output:
1µs / step, 4096 steps per revolution, f=244Hz 1µs / step, 1024 steps per revolution,
2µs/ step, 4096 steps per revolution, f=122Hz 976Hz PWM frequency
sampling frequency selectable by MODE input pin: fixed at 10kHz @10bit resolution
2.5kHz, 10kHz
Propagation delay 384µs (slow mode) 48µs
96µs (fast mode)
Transition noise 0.03 degrees max. (slow mode) 0.12 degrees
(rms; 1sigma) 0.06 degrees max. (fast mode)
OTP programming zero position, rotational direction, PWM disable, 2 zero position, rotational direction,
options Magnetic Field indicator modes, 2 PWM incremental modes, index bit width
frequencies

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7 AS5040 adapter board hardware

7.1 AS5040-AB-2.0 schematics

Figure 10: AS5040-AB-2.0 adapterboard schematics

7.2 AS5040-AB-2.0 PCB layout

Figure 11: AS5040-AB-2.0 adapter board layout

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Adapterboard Operation Manual

Table of contents
1 General Description........................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 The AS5040 Adapter board............................................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 Board description...................................................................................................................................................... 1
2.2 Mounting the AS5040 adapter board........................................................................................................................ 2
3 AS5x40/AS5x45 and adapter board pinout ....................................................................................................................... 3
4 Operation use cases.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.1 Standalone SSI output mode.................................................................................................................................... 4
4.2 Standalone PWM output mode................................................................................................................................. 4
4.3 Standalone incremental output ................................................................................................................................. 5
Figure 7: Using the Incremental output with the adapter board ............................................................................................. 5
4.4 Daisy chain mode ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
5 Programming the AS5040 ................................................................................................................................................. 7
6 AS5040 Differences to AS5045......................................................................................................................................... 8
7 AS5040 adapter board hardware ...................................................................................................................................... 9
7.1 AS5040-AB-2.0 schematics...................................................................................................................................... 9
7.2 AS5040-AB-2.0 PCB layout...................................................................................................................................... 9
Table of contents...................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Copyrights ................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
Disclaimer................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Contact Information .................................................................................................................................................................. 11

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