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IICT Chapter 04 - Input and Output

A simplified and intricately extracted overview of chapter 4 of "Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow, Comprehensive-Cengage Learning by Deborah Morley, Charles S. Parker - (2016)" in .pdf slides format.

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mujaddadahmed93
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
21 views13 pages

IICT Chapter 04 - Input and Output

A simplified and intricately extracted overview of chapter 4 of "Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow, Comprehensive-Cengage Learning by Deborah Morley, Charles S. Parker - (2016)" in .pdf slides format.

Uploaded by

mujaddadahmed93
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

16/02/2023

Learning Objectives

1. Explain the purpose of a computer keyboard and the types


of keyboards widely used today.
2. List several different pointing devices and describe their
functions.
3. Describe the purposes of scanners and readers and list
some types of scanners and readers in use today.
Chapter 04 - Input and Output 4. Explain what digital cameras are and how they are used
today.
GE-161 Introduction to Information and Communication 5. Understand the devices that can be used for audio input.
Technologies 6. Describe the characteristics of a display device and explain
some of the technologies used to display images.
Department of Information Technology 7. List several types of printers and explain their function.
University of the Punjab, Lahore 8. Identify the hardware devices typically used for audio
output.
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1 2

Overview Keyboards

• This chapter covers: • Keyboard: An input device used to enter characters at


– Different types of keyboards and pointing devices the location marked by the insertion point or cursor
– Types of scanners, readers, and digital cameras – Can be wired or wireless
– Audio input devices • Most computers today are designed to be used with a
keyboard
– Types of display devices and how they work
– Types of printers and how they work • Typically contains:
– Audio output – Standard alphanumeric keys
– Numeric keypad
– Function keys
– Delete and Backspace keys
– Control and Alternate keys
– Arrow directional keys and special keys
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16/02/2023

Keyboards Keyboards

• Portable computers and mobile devices often use:


– Built in or slide-out keyboard
– Pen or touch input (on-screen keyboard)
– Voice
input

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5 6

Pointing Devices Mice

• Pointing devices: Used to select and manipulate objects • Mouse: A common pointing device that
the user slides along a flat surface to
– Used to input data move a pointer around the screen and
– Used to issue commands to the computer clicks its buttons to make selections
• Common types of pointing devices: – Older mechanical mice use a ball
– Mouse – Optical or laser mice track with light
– Pen/stylus – 3D mice
– Touch screen – Can be
wireless

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7 8

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16/02/2023

Pens/Styluses Handwriting Recognition

• Stylus: Pen-like device used to draw or write • Digital form: Used to


electronically on the screen input handwritten
• Also called digital pen, electronic pen, tablet pen data into the
• Commonly used with pen-based computers computer and then
– Used to issue commands and input data convert it to editable
– If handwriting recognition is used, written text can be text
converted to editable typed text

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9 10

Pens/Styluses Touch Screens

• Other uses for pens/styluses: • Touch screen: Display device that is touched with the
– Digital writing systems finger to select commands or otherwise provide input to
the computer
– Graphics tablets
• Used with:
– Signature capture devices
– Desktop and portable computers
– Mobile phones and mobile devices
– Surface computing
– Consumer kiosks
• Can be multi-touch

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16/02/2023

Touch Screens Other Pointing Devices

• Other pointing
devices:
– Joysticks,
gamepads, and
other gaming
devices
– Trackballs
– Buttons and
wheels
– Touch pads

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13 14

Quick Quiz Scanners, Readers, and Digital Cameras

1. An optical mouse is ____________. • Source documents: Documents containing data that


a. the same as a wireless mouse already exists in physical form (order form, photograph,
b. a mouse that tracks movements with light instead invoice, check, or price label)
of a ball • Source data automation: Capturing data directly from a
c. a mouse that contains a scroll wheel on the top source document
2. True or False: With handwriting recognition, text is – Saves time
input as a graphical image so the text cannot later be – Increases accuracy
edited as text. – Scanning or reading
3. An input device that looks like an upside-down devices
mouse with the ball on top is a(n) ____________.
Answers:
1) b; 2) False; 3) trackball
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16/02/2023

Scanners Scanners

• Scanner (optical scanner): Input device that captures an


image of an object and transfers them to a computer in
digital form
– Can scan photos, documents, drawings, (flat objects)
– Data is typically input as a single image
– If optical character recognition (OCR) is used, text is
input as individual text characters
• Types of scanners
– Flatbed
– Portable
– 3D
– Integrated (ATMs, etc.)
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17 18

Scanners Barcode Readers

• Optical resolution: Quality of • Barcode readers: Input devices


scanned images that read barcodes
– Measured in number of dots per • Barcode: Machine-readable code
inch (dpi) that represents data as
– Can often be specified when a set of bars
image is scanned – Common types
– Can be changed when scanned • Universal Product Code
image is edited (UPC)
– Varies with scanner used • ISBN
– Higher resolution = better • Code 39
quality but larger file size • Intelligent mail code
• 2D (QR) – hold more data
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16/02/2023

Radio Frequency
Barcode Readers
Identification (RFID) Readers
• Radio frequency identification (RFID): Technology used
to store and transmit data located in RFID tags
• RFID tag: Contains tiny chips and radio antennas
– Attached to objects for identification purposes
– Read by RFID readers
– Tags only need to be within range of the reader, rather
than in the line of sight
• Applications
– Tracking inventory and assets
– Electronic tolls
– Tracking patients in hospitals
– Ticketing applications
– Security: Speeding up ID process
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21 22

Radio Frequency Optical Mark Readers (OMRs) and Optical


Identification Readers Character Recognition (OCR) Devices

• Optical mark readers (OMRs): Input data from special


forms to score or tally exams, questionnaires, ballots
• Optical character recognition (OCR): The ability of a
computer to recognize scanned text characters and
convert them to electronic form as text, not images
– OCR readers can recognize many typed fonts
– Used to process turnaround
documents like monthly
bills

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23 24

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16/02/2023

Magnetic Ink Character


Recognition (MICR) Readers Biometric Readers

• Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) readers: • Biometric data: Based on unique physiological
Read MICR characters characteristics or personal trait
– Used primarily for banking – Fingerprint
– MICR readers read the special – Hand or face geometry
magnetic characters and – Iris of the eye
sort/process checks
– Voice or signature
– Can be used for remote
• Biometric readers: Used to input biometric data
deposit
– Can be stand-alone or built into another piece of
hardware
– Used to allow access only by authorized individuals
– Most often used for access control and to verify
transactions
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25 26

Biometric Readers Digital Cameras

• Digital cameras: Record images on digital storage


medium rather than film
– Can either be still cameras or video cameras
– Integrated into many portable computers and mobile
phones.
• Digital still cameras
– Available in a wide variety of sizes and capabilities
– Primary appeal is images immediately available
– Camera quality is measured in megapixels
– Typically use flash memory for storage
– Camera phones can be used to read barcodes, for
mobile deposit, etc.
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16/02/2023

Digital Still Cameras Digital Cameras

• Digital video cameras


– Digital camcorders
– PC video cameras (PC cams, Web cam)
– Store images on digital media (flash memory, DVDs,
hard drives, etc.)
• Applications:
– Surveillance video
cameras
– Video conferences
and Webinars
– Face recognition
systems
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29 30

Audio Input Voice Input Systems

• Audio input: The process of entering audio data into


the computer
• Voice input: Inputting spoken words and converting
them to digital form
– Via microphone or headset
– Recorded for narrations, podcasts, etc.
– VoIP (Voice over IP systems) applications
– To provide spoken instructions to computer
(speech recognition systems)
• Music input systems are used to input music
– Microphones, keyboard controllers, etc.

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16/02/2023

Quick Quiz Display Devices

1. Which of the following is used in conjunction with • Display device: Presents output visually
Scantron test forms, voting ballots, and other
– Monitor: Display device for a desktop computer
documents in which the selection is bubbled in?
– Display screen: Screen built into a variety of devices
a. OCR
• Notebook and other portable computers
b. MICR
• Mobile phones and mobile devices
c. OMR
• Handheld gaming devices, home entertainment
2. True or False: Flatbed scanners can be used to scan devices, kitchen appliances
photos, as well as documents on conventional paper.
• Digital photo frames, e-book readers
3. A voice input system requires software and a(n)
• Digital signage systems, digital billboards
_______________________ in order to input voice
data or commands into a computer.
Answers:
1) c; 2) True; 3) microphone
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33 34

Display Devices Display Device Characteristics

• Color vs. monochrome


• CRT vs. flat-panel displays
• Size and aspect ratio
• Screen resolution
• Video adapters, interfaces,
and ports
• Wired vs. wireless displays
• 2D vs. 3D
• Touch and gesture capabilities

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35 36

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16/02/2023

Video Adapters Flat-Panel Display Technologies

• Liquid crystal displays (LCDs): Use charged liquid


crystals between sheets of glass or plastic
– Requires backlighting
• LED (Light emitting diode): Used in displays as well as a
variety of consumer products
• OLED (Organic Light emitting diode) – Uses layers of
organic material
– Emit visible light when current is applied
– FOLED (Flexible OLED)
– TOLED (Transparent OLED)
– PHOLED (Phosphorescent OLED)

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37 38

Flat-Panel Display Technologies Flat-Panel Display Technologies

• Interferometric modulator displays (IMOD): Essentially a


complex mirror that uses external light to display images
– Designed initially for mobile phones and portable
devices
– Images are bright and clear, even in sunlight
• Plasma displays: Use layers of gas to display images
– Most often used on large displays
• Surface-conduction electron-emitter displays (SED):
Millions of tiny electron guns, similar to CRT
– Thin, bright, less flicker than LCD or plasma

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16/02/2023

Data and Multimedia Projectors Printers

• Data projector: Display device that projects all computer • Printers: Produce hard copy
output to a wall or projection screen • Printer characteristics
– Found in classrooms, conference rooms – Printing technology used
– Can be wireless or integrated into devices • Impact vs. nonimpact
– Integrated – tiny projectors built into mobile phones, – Color vs. black and white
portable – Personal vs. network printers
devices – Print resolution (measured in dpi)
– Hologram – Print speed (measured in pages per
projectors minute (PPM))
used to
display – Connection (USB, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, etc.)
3D images – Multifunction capabilities

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41 42

Laser Printers Laser Printers

• Laser printer: Uses toner powder and technology similar


to that of a photocopier to produce images on paper
– The standard for business documents
– Print one entire page at a time
– Generally faster and have better quality than ink-jet
printers
– Can be black and white or color
– Common print resolution for laser printers is between
600 and 2,400 dpi
– Use toner cartridges

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43 44

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16/02/2023

Ink-Jet Printers Ink-Jet Printers

• Ink-jet printer: Sprays droplets of ink to produce images


on paper
– Usually print in color
– Often the choice for home use
– Print fairly slowly, one line at a time
– Quality not quite as good as a laser printer
– Use ink-jet cartridges
• Newer printers with full width printheads are much faster
• Potential applications for the future
– Dispensing liquid metal, aromas, computer chips and
other circuitry, “printing” human tissue

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45 46

Special-Purpose Printers Audio Output

• Photo printers • Audio output: Output in the form of voice, music, and
other audible sounds
• Barcode, label,
and postage – Speakers
printers – Headphones and headsets
• Portable – Earphones and earbuds
printers
• Plotters and
wide-format
ink-jet printers
• 3-D printers

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47 48

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16/02/2023

Quick Quiz Summary

1. Which of the following types of display devices • Keyboards


should have the largest footprint (the amount of room
taken up on a desk)? • Pointing and Touch Devices
a. CRT monitor • Scanners, Readers, and Digital Cameras
b. OLED display • Audio Input
• Display Devices
c. LCD display
• Printers
2. True or False: Laser printers can only print in black
and white. • Audio Output
3. ______________________ printers form images with
drops of liquid ink.
Answers:
1) a; 2) False; 3) Ink-jet printers
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