FINAL REVIEW

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• 2 note A4, calculator
 Partial Derivatives
SEM 2 2019-2020

𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = ln(2𝑥 + 5𝑦)
2
• 𝑓𝑥 = • (𝑒 𝑢 )′ = 𝑒 𝑢 ∗ 𝑢′
2𝑥+5𝑦
5 • sin 𝑢 ′ = u′cos 𝑢
• 𝑓𝑦 = • cos 𝑢 ′ = −u′ sin 𝑢
2𝑥+5𝑦
0−2∗2 −4 ′ 𝑢′
• 𝑓𝑥𝑥 = = • ln 𝑢 =
(2𝑥+5𝑦)2 (2𝑥+5𝑦)2 𝑢
−25 • 𝑢. 𝑣 ′ = 𝑢′ 𝑣 + 𝑣 ′𝑢
• 𝑓𝑦𝑦 = 𝑢 ′ 𝑢′ 𝑣 − 𝑢𝑣′
(2𝑥+5𝑦)2 • =
−10 𝑣 𝑣2
• 𝑓𝑥𝑦 = 1 ′ 𝑢′
(2𝑥+5𝑦)2 • =
𝑢 𝑢2
−10
• 𝑓𝑦𝑥 =
(2𝑥+5𝑦)2
SEM 2 2022-2023

𝑈 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 sin(𝑦)

𝜕2𝑈 𝜕2𝑈
+ =0
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2

𝑓𝑥𝑥 + 𝑓𝑦𝑦 = 0

𝑓𝑥 = −𝑒 −𝑥 sin(𝑦)
𝑓𝑥𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥 sin(𝑦)
𝒇𝒙𝒙 + 𝒇𝒚𝒚 = 𝒆−𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒚) −𝒆−𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒚 = 𝟎

𝑓𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 cos(𝑦)

𝑓𝑦𝑦 = −𝑒 −𝑥 sin(𝑦)
SEM 1 2021-2022

𝑓𝑥𝑥 + 𝑓𝑦𝑦
2𝑦
2𝑥 𝑓𝑦 = 2
𝑥 + 𝑦2
𝑓𝑥 =
𝑥2 + 𝑦2
2 ∗ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 ∗ 2𝑦
2 ∗ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 ∗ 2𝑥 𝑓𝑦𝑦 =
𝑓𝑥𝑥 = (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2
−2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 −2𝑦 2 + 2𝑥 2
𝑓𝑥𝑥 = 𝑓𝑦𝑦 =
(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2 (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2

−𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚𝟐 −𝟐𝒚𝟐 +𝟐𝒙𝟐

𝒇𝒙𝒙 + 𝒇𝒚𝒚 = =𝟎
(𝒙𝟐 +𝒚𝟐 )𝟐
Tangent Planes and Linear Approximations
SEM 2 2022-2023

P=(𝑎,𝑏,𝑓(𝑎,𝑏)) =(2,2,4)

𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 𝑓𝑥 (2,2) = 8

𝑓𝑦 2,2 = −4
𝑓𝑦 = −𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦

𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑠

𝑧−4=8 x−2 −4 y−2

𝑧 = 8𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 4
SEM 2 2018-2019

𝑃 = (2,1, 𝑓(2,1))

𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 3 𝑓𝑥 (2,1) = 5

𝑓𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 𝑓𝑦 (2,1) = 10

𝑓 2,1 = 22 ∗ 1 + 2 ∗ 13 = 6

𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓(2.1,0.9)

𝑧 − 6 = 5 x − 2 + 10 y − 1
𝑧 = 5 ∗ 2.1 + 10 ∗ 0.9 − 14 = 5.5
𝑧 = 5𝑥 + 10𝑦 − 14
Chain Rule
SEM 1 2020-2021

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑦
= ⋅ + ⋅ = ⋅ + ⋅
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑡

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= 2𝑥 = 3𝑦 2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
= 𝑡2 =2 = 2𝑠𝑡 =1
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑡

𝜕𝑧
𝜕𝑧 = 2x ∗ 2𝑠𝑡 + 3y 2
= 2x ∗ 𝑡 2 + 3y 2 ∗ 2 𝜕𝑡
𝜕𝑠
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= 2st 2 ∗ 𝑡 2 + 3(2s + t)2 ∗ 2 = 2st 2 ∗ 2𝑠𝑡 + 3(2s + t)2
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑠 = 0 𝑡 = 1
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
=6 =3
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡
 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑦
= ⋅ + ⋅ = ⋅ + ⋅
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑡

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= 18𝑥 = −6𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
= −7 = −8 = −2 = −6
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑡

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= 18x ∗ −7 − 6y ∗ (−8) = 18x ∗ −2 − 6y ∗ (−6)
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= −126x + 48y = −36x + 36y
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
= −126(−7s − 2t) + 48(−8s − 6t) = −36(−7s − 2t) + 36(−8s − 6t)
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑡
Directional Derivatives and the Gradient
SEM 3 2015-2016

𝑢 u
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑢 = = =u
2 2 1
1 −1
+
2 2
∇𝑓 = 𝑓𝑥 , 𝑓𝑦

𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑒 4𝑥−𝑦
2 𝑓𝑥 (1,2) = 4

𝑓𝑦 = −2𝑦𝑒 4𝑥−𝑦
2 𝑓𝑦 1,2 = −4

∇𝑓 = 4, −4

𝟏 𝟏
𝑫𝒖 𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 = 𝟒 ∗ −𝟒∗ − =𝟒 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
 ∇𝑓 = 𝑓𝑥 , 𝑓𝑦
𝑢 u
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑢 = = =u
1 2 2 1
𝑓𝑥 0,0 = =1 1 −1
1+𝑦 +
2 2
−𝑥
𝑓𝑦 0,0 = (1+𝑦)2 =0

∇𝑓 = 1,0 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝑫𝒖 𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 = 𝟏 ∗ +𝟎∗ − =
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
Maxima/Minima Problems
SEM 2 2022-2023

𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑤𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠

𝑓𝑥𝑥 = 12𝑥 2
𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 3 − 4𝑦 = 0
𝑓𝑦𝑦 = 4
4𝑥
𝑓𝑦 = 4𝑦 − 4𝑥 = 0 ⇒ 𝑦 = =𝑥 𝑓𝑥𝑦 = −4
4

𝑓𝑥 = 4𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 = 0 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (1,1)

𝐷 = 𝑓𝑥𝑥 1, 1 𝑓𝑦𝑦 1, 1 − 𝑓𝑥𝑦 2 1,1 = 32

𝑥 = 1; −1; 0
𝑦 = 1; −1; 0 𝑓𝑥𝑥 1,1 = 12 > 0 ⇒ 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚
𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (0,0)

Critical points are (1,1);(0,0);(-1,-1) 𝐷 = −16 < 0 ⇒ saddle point

𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (−1, −1)
𝐷 = 32
𝑓𝑥𝑥 −1, −1 = 12 > 0 ⇒ 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚
SEM 3 2018-2019

𝑓𝑥𝑥 = −48𝑥

𝑓𝑦𝑦 = −6𝑦
𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑤𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠
𝑓𝑥𝑦 = 12
𝑓𝑥 = −24𝑥 2 + 12𝑦 = 0
12𝑥 𝑦2
𝑓𝑦 = 12𝑥 − 3𝑦 2 =0⇒ 𝑦2 = = 4𝑥 ⇒ =𝑥 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (1,2)
3 4
𝑓𝑥 = −6𝑦 2 + 12𝑦 = 0 𝐷 = 𝑓𝑥𝑥 1, 2 𝑓𝑦𝑦 1, 2 − 𝑓𝑥𝑦 2 1,2 = 432

𝑦 = 2; 0 𝑓𝑥𝑥 1,2 = −48 < 0 ⇒ 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚

𝑥 = 1; 0 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (0,0)

𝐷 = −144 < 0 ⇒ 𝑠𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡
Critical points are (1,2);(0,0)
 SEM 2 2015-2016

𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑤𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2

𝑓𝑥 = 3 + 6𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 0 𝑓𝑥𝑥 = 6𝑦

𝑓𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 + 1 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 0 𝑓𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥

𝑦2 0 𝑓𝑥𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑓𝑥 = 1 + 2𝑥𝑦 + =
3 3 −1
𝑦2 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 ( , 3)
= 3𝑥 2 ⇒ 𝑦 2 = 9𝑥 2 ⇒ 𝑦 = ±3𝑥 3
3
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑦 = −3𝑥 −1 −1 −1
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑦 = 3𝑥 𝐷 = 𝑓𝑥𝑥 , 3 𝑓𝑦𝑦 , 3 − 𝑓𝑥𝑦 2 , 3 = −12 < 0
𝑓𝑥 = 27𝑥 2 + 3 = 0 𝑓𝑥 = −9𝑥 2 + 3 = 0 3 3 3
⇒ 𝑥 𝑛𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1 1 ⇒ 𝑠𝑎𝑑𝑑𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡
⇒𝑥=− ;
3 3 1
𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 ( , − 3)
𝑦 = 3; − 3 3
−1 1
𝐷 = −12 < 0 ⇒ saddle point
Critical points are ( , 3);( , − 3)
3 3
Since there are no critical points of the function is in region D=> The absolute minimum and maximum are on the
boundary.

The boundary functions are f(x,0);f(x,1);f(0,y);f(1,y)

𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2

𝑓(x, 0) = 3x, min = 0, max =3

𝑓 𝑥, 1 = 4𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 + 1 min = 1 max =8

𝑓(0,y) = 𝑦 min = 0 max =1

𝑓 1, 𝑦 = 3 + 4𝑦 + 𝑦 2 min = 3 max = 8

Since 0 ≤ x, y ≤ 1,
Absolute minimum value is 0 at (0, 0), and absolute maximum value is 8 at (1, 1).
Lagrange Multipliers
SEM 2 2022-2023

𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3𝑥𝑦 − 20 = 0

𝑓𝑥 = 1 𝑔𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + (−𝑥)2 +3𝑥 2 − 20 = 0
𝑓𝑦 = −1 𝑔𝑦 = 2𝑦 − 3𝑥 = 5𝑥 2 − 20 = 0
𝑥 = −2 ; 2 Critical points are (−2,2);(2, −2)
1 𝑦 = 2; −2
1 = 𝜆 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 ⇒ 𝜆 =
2𝑥 − 3𝑦
𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (−2, 2)
−1
−1 = 𝜆(2𝑦 − 3𝑥) ⇒ 𝜆 = 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑦 = −2 − 2 = −4 ⇒ 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚
2𝑦 − 3𝑥
1 −1 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (2, − 2)
= ⇒ 2𝑦 − 3𝑥 = −2𝑥 + 3𝑦
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 2𝑦 − 3𝑥
𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 − −2 = 4 ⇒ 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚
−𝑥 = 𝑦
 SEM 2 2018-2019

𝑓𝑥 = 3 𝑔𝑥 = 2𝑥
𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 + 6𝑧 2 − 1 = 0
𝑓𝑦 = 2 𝑔𝑦 = 4𝑦
3 2 1 2 1 2
𝑓𝑧 = 4 𝑔𝑧 = 12𝑧 𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = ( ) +2( ) +6( ) −1 = 0
𝜆2 𝜆2 𝜆3
3 = 𝜆2𝑥 9 1 2 2 1 2 6 1 2
𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) − 1 = 0
2 = 𝜆4𝑦 4 𝜆 4 𝜆 9 𝜆
4 = 𝜆12𝑧 41 1 2
𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = ( ) −1= 0
3 2 4 12 𝜆
= = =𝜆
2𝑥 4𝑦 12𝑧 1 2 123 123
=± ⇒𝜆=±
3 1 1 𝜆 41 6
= = =𝜆
2𝑥 2𝑦 3𝑧
3 1 1
=𝑥 =𝑦 =𝑧
𝜆2 𝜆2 𝜆3
 123
𝜆=±
6

3 123 123 2 −3 123 − 123 −2

𝑥= 𝑦= 𝑧= 𝑥= 𝑦= 𝑧=
41 41 123 41 41 123

3 123 123 2 −3 123 − 123 −2

𝑓 , , ≈ 3.7 𝑓 , , ≈ −3.7
41 41 123 41 41 123

⇒ 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 ⇒ 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚

 Double Integrals
SEM 2 2022-2023

1 1
2𝑥+2 𝑦 3 2𝑥+2
඲ න 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥 ඲ | 𝑑𝑥
−𝑥−1 3 −𝑥−1
? −1

1
2𝑥 + 2 = −𝑥 − 1 ⇒ 𝑥 = −1 3 3
2𝑥 + 2 −𝑥 − 1
඲ − 𝑑𝑥
1
3 3
2𝑥+2 −1
඲ න 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
−1
−𝑥−1 = 12
SEM 2 2018-2019

1
2
?
𝑝 𝑥, 𝑦 = 1 𝑚 = න 𝑦|1−𝑥
0 𝑑𝑥
1−𝑥 2 −1
𝑚=඲ න 1𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0
? 1
𝑚 = න 1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
1 − 𝑥 2 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = −1; 1 −1

1 4
1−𝑥 2 𝑚=
3
𝑚=඲ න 1𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0
−1
 1 1
1−𝑥 2 1−𝑥 2
𝑀𝑥 = ඲ න 1 ∗ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥 𝑀𝑦 = ඲ න 1 ∗ 𝑥 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 0
−1 −1

1 1
2 2
𝑦 1−𝑥2 𝑀𝑦 = න 𝑥𝑦|1−𝑥
0 𝑑𝑥
𝑀𝑥 = ඲ | 𝑑𝑥
2 0 −1
−1
1
1
1 − 𝑥2 2 𝑀𝑦 = න 𝑥 1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑀𝑥 = ඲ −1
2
−1

8
𝑀𝑥 = 𝑀𝑦 = 0
15

2
= (0, )
5
 1 1
? 2 −𝑥 𝑥
𝑥 2 −𝑥 න 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 |0.5 𝑑𝑥
඲ න 𝑒 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥 0.5
0.5
0.5

1
𝑦2 − 𝑦1 1 𝑥 2−𝑥
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = (𝑥 − 𝑥1) න (𝑥 − )𝑒 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 0.5 2
1 − 0.5
𝑦 − 0.5 = (𝑥 − 0.5)
1 − 0.5
= 0.1105
𝑦=𝑥

1
𝑥
2 −𝑥
඲ න 𝑒𝑥 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0.5
0.5
 𝑅𝐸𝑀𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐸𝑅 𝑇𝑂 𝑈𝑆𝐸 𝑅𝐴𝐷𝐼𝐴𝑁 𝑀𝑂𝐷𝐸 𝑂𝑁 𝐶𝐴𝐿𝐶𝑈𝐿𝐴𝑇𝑂𝑅

Polar Coordinates
SEM 2 2020-2021

඲න𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝐴 = = ඲න𝑟 cos 𝜃 ∗ 𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝒓𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = ඲න𝑟 3 cos 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃

𝜋
24
𝜋 ඲ cos 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
2 4
඲ න 𝑟 3 cos 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 0
0
0

𝜋
𝑟4
඲ cos 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 |20 𝑑𝜃 =0
4
0
 Triple Integrals
SEM 2 2022-2023

5
?
?
ඳ ඲ න 𝑧 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧
0
0
0
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 5𝑥 = 20 − 20𝑦 − 4𝑧
+ + =1 4
4 1 5 𝑥 = 4 − 4𝑦 − 𝑧
5
4
⇒ 𝑥 𝑟𝑢𝑛 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 0 𝑡𝑜 4 − 4𝑦 − 𝑧
5
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 Set x = 0 to find yz- trace
20( + + ) = 20
4 1 5
5𝑥 + 20𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 20 ⇒ 20𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 20
4
𝑦 =1− 𝑧
5𝑥 + 20𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 20 20
4
⇒ 𝑦 𝑟𝑢𝑛 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 0 𝑡𝑜 1 − 𝑧
20
 5 4
1− 𝑧 4
20 4−4𝑦− 𝑧
5
ඳ ඲ න 𝑧 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧
0
0
0

5 4 5
1− 𝑧 2
20 4 4 4 4 2 4
඲ න 𝑧 4 − 4𝑦 − 𝑧 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧 ඲ 4𝑧(1 − 𝑧) − 2 1 − 𝑧 𝑧 − 𝑧 (1 − 𝑧)𝑑𝑧
0 5 20 20 5 20
0 0
5 4
1−20𝑧
4 2
඲ න 4𝑧 − 4𝑦𝑧 − 𝑧 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑧
0 5
0
=5
5
4
4 2 1−20 𝑧
඲ 4𝑧𝑦 − 2𝑦 2 𝑧 − 𝑧 𝑦|0 𝑑𝑧
5
0
 SEM 3 2018-2019

1
𝑥
1+𝑥𝑦
ඳ ඲ න 27(1 − 𝑥𝑦) 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0
0 1
0 𝑥
𝑦= 𝑥⇒x≥0 ඲ න 27 − 27𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0
Above region in the x-y plane => z>0 0

1
3
න 27 𝑥 − 9𝑥 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
0
1
𝑥
඲ න 27 1 − 𝑥𝑦 1 + 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0 = 16
0

1
𝑥
඲ න 27(1 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0
0
SEM 2 2022-2023

?
?
3− 1+𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
ඳ඲ න 1𝑑𝑧𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
0
?
?
𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑 𝑧 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑧 = 0

3 − 1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 0

𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 8
𝑃𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒
2𝜋
2 2
𝑟2 =8 3− 1+𝑟 2
ඳ ඲ න 𝑟 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
0
𝑟 =2 2 0
0
 2𝜋
2 2
඲ න (3 − 1 + 𝑟 2 ) 𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
0
0

2𝜋
10
න 𝑑𝜃
0 3

20
= 𝜋
3
Spherical Coordinates
 SEM 2 2018-2019

𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑧2 ≤ 1 ⇒ 𝑝 = 1

ඳ඲න𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑧𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥

2𝜋
𝜋
1
ඳ ඲ න ((𝑝 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 +(𝑝 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 )𝒑𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝓 𝑑𝑝𝑑𝜙𝑑𝜃
0
0
0

((𝑝 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 +(𝑝 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 )𝒑𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝓 = (2 𝑝2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 2 )𝒑𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝓 = 𝟐𝒑𝟒 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 2

2𝜋
𝜋
1
ඳ ඲ න 𝟐𝒑𝟒 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙)3 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 𝑑𝑝𝑑𝜙𝑑𝜃
0
0
0
 2𝜋
𝜋
1
ඳ ඲ න 𝟐𝒑𝟒 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜙)3 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 𝑑𝑝𝑑𝜙𝑑𝜃
0
0
0

2𝜋
𝜋
2 5
඲ න 1 (𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝓)𝟑 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 𝑑𝜙𝑑𝜃
0 5
0

2𝜋
2 4
න ∗ (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)2 𝑑𝜃
0 5 3

8
= 𝜋
15
Vector Fields
SEM 2 2022-2023

We have ∇𝑓 = 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 𝒊 + 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 𝒋

⇒ 𝑓𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 3𝑦
𝑓𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2𝑦

𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = න2𝑥 + 3𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚 + 𝒈(𝒚)

𝝏
𝑓𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝛛𝒚
𝝏 2
𝑓𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3𝑥𝑦 + 𝑔 𝑦 ⇒ 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 𝑔′ 𝑦
𝛛𝒚

⇒ 𝑔′ 𝑦 = −2𝑦 ⇒ 𝑔 𝑦 = −𝑦 2

⇒ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 + 𝐶
SEM 2 2020-2021

We have ∇𝑓 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑦 𝒊 + 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝒋

⇒ 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑦
𝑓𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 2𝑦

𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = න𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑦)

𝝏
𝑓𝑦 = 𝒚𝒆𝒙 − 𝒚𝒙 + 𝒈 𝒚 ⇒ 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 𝒆𝒙 − 𝒙 + 𝒈′ 𝒚
𝛛𝒚

⇒ 𝑔′ 𝑦 = 2𝑦 ⇒ 𝑔 𝑦 = 𝑦 2

⇒ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 𝐶
SEM 1 2021-2022

2𝑥𝑦
We have ∇𝑓 = ln(𝑦 2 + 1) 𝒊 + +1 𝒋
𝑦 2 +1

⇒ 𝑓𝑥 = ln 𝑦 2 + 1
2𝑥𝑦
𝑓𝑦 = 𝑦 2+1 +1

𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = නln 𝑦 2 + 1 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑙𝑛 𝑦 2 + 1 + 𝑔(𝑦)

𝝏 2
2𝑥𝑦 2𝑥𝑦
𝑓𝑦 = 𝑥𝑙𝑛 𝑦 + 1 + 𝑔 𝑦 ⇒ 2 + 1= 2 + 𝑔′ 𝑦
𝛛𝒚 𝑦 +1 𝑦 +1

⇒ 𝑔′ 𝑦 = 1 ⇒ 𝑔 𝑦 = 𝑦

⇒ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑙𝑛 𝑦 2 + 1 + 𝑦 + 𝐶
Line Integrals
 SEM 3 2018-2019

𝑎) 𝑥 𝑡 = 1−𝑡 ∗0+𝑡∗1=𝑡 𝑥′ 𝑡 = 1
𝑦 𝑡 = 1 − 𝑡 ∗ 0 + 𝑡 ∗ 2 = 2𝑡 y′ 𝑡 = 2

1
න3𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑠 = න 6𝑡 2 12 + 22 𝑑𝑡 = 2 5
𝑐 0
 𝑟 𝑡 =< 𝑥 𝑡 , 𝑦(𝑡), 𝑧(𝑡) >

𝑥 𝑡 = 1−𝑡 ∗1+𝑡∗2=𝑡+1

𝑦 𝑡 = 1−𝑡 ∗0+𝑡∗1=𝑡

z 𝑡 = 1 − 𝑡 ∗ 0 + 𝑡 ∗ 3 = 3𝑡
𝐹 𝑟(𝑡) ∗ 𝑟 ′ 𝑡
= 𝑡 2 + 𝑡 + 1 ∗ 1 + −5𝑡 ∗ 1 + 3 2𝑡 − 1

𝑟 𝑡 =< 𝑡 + 1, 𝑡, 3𝑡 > = 𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 − 2

1
𝑟′ 𝑡 =< 1,1,3 > 2
𝑊 = න 𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 − 2𝑑𝑡 = −
0 3
𝐹 𝑟(𝑡) =< 𝒕 + 𝟏 + 𝒕𝟐 , 𝒕 − 𝟔𝒕 , 𝟑𝒕 − (𝒕 + 𝟏) >

𝐹 𝑟(𝑡) =< 𝒕𝟐 + 𝒕 + 𝟏, −𝟓𝒕 , 𝟐𝒕 − 𝟏) >

SEM 1 2021-2022

𝑟 𝑡 =< 2 sin 𝑡 , 2 cos 𝑡 , 0 >

2𝜋
𝑟′ 𝑡 =< 2 cos 𝑡 , −2 sin 𝑡 , 0 > 1
𝑊=න =𝜋
0 2

2 cos 𝑡 −2 sin 𝑡 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡

𝐹 𝑟(𝑡) =< , , 3 >
8 8
4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡 + 4 2 Since the work done by F along the closed curve is not zero,
it is not conservative.

2 cos 𝑡 −2 sin 𝑡
𝐹 𝑟(𝑡) ∗ 𝑟 ′ 𝑡
=( ) ∗ 2 cos 𝑡 + ( ) ∗ −2 sin 𝑡 + 0
8 8
4 cos 2 𝑡 4 sin2 𝑡 1
= + =
8 8 2
SEM 2 2022-2023

𝑥 𝑡 = rcos(𝑡) = 2 cos(𝑡) 𝑥 ′ (𝑡) = −2 sin 𝑡

𝑦 𝑡 = rsin(𝑡) = 4 sin(𝑡) 𝑦 ′ (𝑡) = 4 cos 𝑡

𝜋
2
න𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑠 = න 2 cos 𝑡 ∗ 4 sin 𝑡 (−2 sin 𝑡)2 +(4 cos 𝑡)2 𝑑𝑡
𝑐 0

= 112/9
Green's Theorem
SEM 2 2022-2023

2
𝜕𝑃
𝑃 = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑒𝑥 =𝑥
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑄
𝑄 = sin( 𝑦) + 𝑥 2 = 2𝑥
𝜕𝑥
𝐵𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚
2
඲ 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + sin( 𝑦) + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = ඵ 2𝑥 − 𝑥 𝑑𝐴
𝑐 𝐷

𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒

𝜋 𝜋
3 3 𝜋
඲ න (2𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)𝒓𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = ඲ න (𝑟 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = න 20𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑑𝜃 = 0
1 1 0
0 0
 𝜕𝑃
𝑃 = cos 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 =1
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑄
𝑄 = 𝑥 2𝑦 + 𝑒𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑥
𝐵𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚

඲ cos 𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = ඵ 2𝑥𝑦 − 1 𝑑𝐴

𝑐 𝐷

𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝜋 𝜋
2 2 𝜋
඲ න (2𝑟 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 1)𝒓𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = ඲ න (2𝑟 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 1)𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = න 8𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 2𝑑𝜃 = −2𝜋
0 0 0
0 0