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Slope-Deflection Method: Structural Theory

This document discusses the slope-deflection method for structural analysis. It defines degrees of freedom, provides the slope-deflection equations for end moments, and gives examples of using the method to solve for reactions and end moments of beams.

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25 views19 pages

Slope-Deflection Method: Structural Theory

This document discusses the slope-deflection method for structural analysis. It defines degrees of freedom, provides the slope-deflection equations for end moments, and gives examples of using the method to solve for reactions and end moments of beams.

Uploaded by

tutuspatipay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE 70

STRUCTURAL THEORY

SLOPE-DEFLECTION METHOD
Clar Don Evangelio, MEqEng
Degrees of Freedom
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio
1 dof - 𝜃𝐵

Definition
Degrees of freedom (dof) refers to the unknown
displacements (rotation and deflection) at each node
(supports, joints and beam ends) due to the loads.
1 dof - 𝜃𝐴 2 dof - 𝜃𝑐 & ∆𝑐
4 dofs

1 dof
1 dof - 𝜃𝐴

How many dofs?


[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).
Force Method
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Example 82 – Degrees of Freedom


Determine the dof of the following structures.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Definition
The slope-deflection method is a method
that relates unknown slopes and deflections
due to the applied load on the structure to
the internal end-moments 𝑀𝐴𝐵 and 𝑀𝐵𝐴 .

Unknown Rotations
𝜃𝐴 , 𝜃𝐵 & ∆
& Displacements

Applied Loads 𝑤&𝑃

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Rotation at A, 𝜃𝐴
The end-moments if the beam is rotated by
an angle 𝜃𝐴 at point A are

4𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐴
𝐿

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝜃𝐴
𝐿

These equations where derived using the


previous methods, such as conjugate
beam.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Rotation at B, 𝜃𝐵
The end-moments if the beam is rotated by
an angle 𝜃𝐵 at point B are

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃
𝐿 𝐵

4𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝜃𝐵
𝐿

These equations where derived using the


previous methods, such as conjugate
beam.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Relative Linear Displacement, ∆


The end-moments if the beam experienced a
relative displacement (∆) at its supports are

6𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝑀𝐵𝐴 =− 2 ∆
𝐿

Relative displacement means the difference in


displacements between the supports. Support
displacements may be induced by ground
settlement.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Fixed-end Moments, FEM


The end-moments due to the applied loads
are

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴

FEM is moment at each support assuming it is


fixed ended. For consistency, clockwise FEM is
positive.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Fixed-End Moments
Fixed-End Moments
Fixed-End Moments
Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Slope-Deflection Equation
The slope-deflection equations for the end-
moments 𝑀𝐴𝐵 and 𝑀𝐵𝐴 can be derived by
adding the end-moment equations for the
rotations, relative displacement, and applied
loadings.

𝐼 ∆
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 2𝐸 2𝜃𝐴 + 𝜃𝐵 − 3 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵
𝐿 𝐿
𝐼 ∆
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 2𝐸 2𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐴 − 3 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴
𝐿 𝐿

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Slope-Deflection Equation (Internal Spans or End-Span with Fix End)


The slope-deflection equations for the end-moments 𝑀𝐴𝐵 and 𝑀𝐵𝐴 can be derived by adding
the end-moment equations for the rotations, relative displacement, and applied loadings.

𝐼
𝑀𝑁 = 2𝐸 2𝜃𝑁 + 𝜃𝐹 − 3 𝜓 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝑁
𝐿

Where: 𝑁 = “near” node where end-moments is calculated


𝐹 = “far” node
𝑀𝑁 = internal moment at the “near” node; clockwise positive
𝜓 = span rotation due to the displacement; clockwise positive
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝑁 = fixed-end moments at the “near” support; positive clockwise

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Slope-Deflection Equation
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Slope-Deflection Equation (Pin-Supported End Span)


The slope-deflection equations for the end-moments 𝑀𝐴𝐵 and 𝑀𝐵𝐴 can be derived by adding
the end-moment equations for the rotations, relative displacement, and applied loadings.

𝐼
𝑀𝑁 = 3𝐸 𝜃𝑁 − 𝜓 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝑁
𝐿

Where: 𝑁 = “near” node where end-moments is calculated


𝑀𝑁 = internal moment at the “near” node; clockwise positive
𝜓 = span rotation due to the displacement; clockwise positive
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝑁 = fixed-end moments at the “near” support; positive clockwise

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Force Method
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Example 83 – Slope-Deflection Equations


Determine the reactions of the following beam using slope-deflection equation. EI is
constant. Assume the supports at A and C are pins and B is a roller.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Force Method
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Example 84 – Slope-Deflection Equations


Determine the moments acting at A and B. EI is constant. Assume A is fixed, B is roller, and
C is pin.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Force Method
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Example 85 – Slope-Deflection Equations


Determine the moments at each support, then draw the moment diagram. Take E = 29,000
ksi and I = 750 in^4. Assume A is fixed, and the roller at C settles by 2 inches.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).


Force Method
Structural Theory: CD Evangelio

Example 86 – Slope-Deflection Equations


Determine the moments at each support. EI is constant. Assume A and C are fixed and B
is supported by a roller.

[1] Hibbeler, R.C. (2012). Structural Analysis (8th Edition).

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